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Prostate cancer continues to be the most commonly diagnosed cancer, and the second leading cause of cancer death among Australian men.Prostate‐specific antigen testing is personalised (not dichotomous in nature) and its interpretation should take into account the patient's age, symptoms, previous results and medication (eg, 5‐α reductase inhibitors such as dutasteride).Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate has been proven to have a 93% sensitivity for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer. It has the potential to decrease unnecessary prostate biopsies by around 27%.International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade 1 (Gleason score 6) has been shown to have very little, if any, risk of metastasisISUPgrade 1 (Gleason score 3 +3 = 6) and low percentage ISUPgrade 2 (Gleason score 3 + 4 [< 10%] = 7) can be offered active surveillance. The goal of active surveillance is to defer treatment but is still curative when required.With better imaging (magnetic resonance imaging and emerging prostate‐specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography–computed tomography) and transperineal prostate biopsy, more men can be offered screening after discussion of risks and benefits, knowing that overdiagnosis has been minimised and radical treatment is reserved for only the most aggressive disease.

Intestinal microbiota can coevolve with host to form symbiotic relationship and be participated in the regulation of host physiological function. At present, there is no clear explanation on the effect of intestinal microflora in Jiangxi aboriginal chickens. Here, we investigated the association between gut microbiota and host genome of Jiangxi local chickens using 16S rRNA sequencing and genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The results showed that the breeds and genders had important effects on the intestinal microbiota of chickens. A total of 28 SNPs in 14 regions of the chicken genome were related to the relative abundance of microorganisms in 5 genera: Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Enterococcus, Gallibacterium, Turicibacter, and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group. A total of 17 candidate genes were identified composition of chicken microbiome and show an association between the host genome and the chicken intestinal microbiota, which also unveiled the diversity of intestinal microbes in Jiangxi chickens. Given the correlation between chicken genome and intestinal microbe found in the present study, a new idea for the protection of aboriginal chicken genetic resources in China could be provided.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study the influence rules of geometric parameters on deformation of valve slices. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the theory of flexural deformation of elastic thin slice, differential functions of deformation for both single and multi-slices are given and derived in detail. Furthermore, the effects of geometric dimensions on deformation are analyzed particularly by using Matlab/simulink. Findings: The results indicated that the deformation decreases with the increment of fixed ring radius ra, slice thickness h, and its number n. Meanwhile, the deformation increases with a rise of slice radius rb, throttle position rk, the radius ratio λ1and thickness ratio λ2of slices. Originality/value: This research can provide some theoretical supports for the parametric and optimal design of adjustable damping shock absorber.

Due to the defect of the traditional wind power generation equipment, the hydraulic-type wind power generation (HWPG) system has gained extensive attention. In order to study the generating stability of the HWPG system, we established the mathematic model of the off-network HWPG system in this paper; and built its simulation model by using MATLAB/Simulink to investigate the speed and power of the system with the sinusoidal input signal. The simulation results show that the output electric energy of the hydraulic type wind power is unstable. Therefore, to enhance the practical application effects of the off-grid HWPG system, we have to add a storage equipment or speed controller of the motor to improve the quality of output electric energy.

Experiments of the runup of two solitary waves on a plane beach are carried out in a wave flume. The two solitary waves with the same amplitude and the crest separating distances are generated by using an improved wave generation method. It is found that, with regard to the two solitary waves with same wave amplitude, the runup amplification of the second wave is less than that of the first wave if the relative crest separating distance is reduced to a certain threshold value. The rundown of the first solitary wave depresses the maximum runup of the second wave. If the leading solitary wave is of relatively smaller amplitude for the two solitary waves, the runup amplification is affected by the overtaking process of two solitary waves. It turns out that the runup amplification of the second wave is larger than that of the first wave if the similarity factor is approximately larger than 15, which means the larger wave overtakes the smaller one before the waves runup on a beach.