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The non-metallic lightning strike protection film covering carbon fiber reinforced polymers (NM-LSP covering CFRP) can reduce the weight and thus the fuel consumption of aircraft by replacing the traditional lightning strike protection (LSP) materials. In the present study in order to study the environmental influence of utilizing NM-LSP covering CFRP in an aircraft elevator a new elevator was designed and manufactured replacing the aluminium net and glass fiber reinforced polymers (GFRP) with NM-LSP covering CFRP with the same mechanical and LSP abilities. A comparative life cycle assessment was conducted between the two kinds of aircraft elevators including material extraction transportation elevator manufacturing phase service phase and end-of-life procedures. Additionally, the environmental impacts of producing two LSP materials were compared by considering the environmental effects of different buy-to-fly ratios and recycling strategies on the production of aluminium net. The analysis indicates that the new elevator achieved reduction for all the environmental impact categories used, such as human toxicity potential and marine aquatic ecotoxicity potential (3.83% and 3.20% reduction). Furthermore, it is found that the service phase makes the greatest contribution to the environmental impact of the elevators under investigation. When recycling is excluded, NM-LSP covering CFRP is more environmentally friendly than the traditional material. At the same time CFRP prepreg and electricity from the production of NM-LSP covering CFRP contribute to a higher environmental impact compared to the NM-LSP film. From the sensitivity analysis it is believed that NM-LSP covering CFRP can reduce environmental impact compared with traditional LSP materials.

SinojackiaHu represents the first woody genus described by Chinese botanists, with all species classified as endangered ornamental plants endemic to China. Their characteristic spindle-shaped fruits confer high ornamental value to the plants, making them favored in gardens and parks. Nevertheless, the fruits likely pose a germination obstacle, contributing to the endangered status of this lineage. Here we report the chromosome-scale genome of S. xylocarpa, and explore the mechanisms underlying its endangered status, as well as its population dynamics throughout evolution. Population genomic analysis has indicated that S. xylocarpaexperienced a bottleneck effect following the recent glacial period, leading to a continuous population reduction. Examination of the pericarp composition across six stages of fruit development revealed a consistent increase in the accumulation of lignin and fiber content, responsible for the sturdiness of mature fruits’ pericarps. At molecular level, enhanced gene expression in the biosynthesis of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose was detected in pericarps. Therefore, we conclude that the highly lignified and fibrotic pericarps of S. xylocarpa, which inhibit its seed germination, should be its threatening mechanism, thus proposing corresponding strategies for improved conservation and restoration. This study serves as a seminal contribution to conservation biology, offering valuable insights for the study of other endangered ornamental plants.

The role of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) following high-dose chemotherapy has been validated and accepted as a standard treatment for patients with relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, its clinical efficacy as frontline therapy remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of frontline auto-HSCT for newly diagnosed intermediate/high-risk DLBCL patients. We retrospectively reviewed the data of 223 patients treated with frontline auto-HSCT or chemotherapy alone (year 2008–2014) from four hospitals. The median follow-up time was 29.4 months. Between the two treatment arms among the intermediate/high-risk DLBCL patients, the 3-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates of patients given frontline auto-HSCT were 87.6% and 81.9%, respectively, and the chemotherapy-alone group showed 3-year OS and PFS rates of 64.9% and 59.59%, respectively. Compared with the chemotherapy-alone group, the frontline auto-HSCT could eliminate the adverse impact of non-germinal center B-cell (GCB) type. In addition, in the frontline auto-HSCT group, patients who achieved complete response (CR) at auto-HSCT had a longer survival time than those who did not achieve CR. Our results suggested that frontline auto-HSCT could improve the prognosis of intermediate/high-risk DLBCL patients.

To enhance the bonding properties between ramie fiber and epoxy resin, the ramie fiber was modified using nano-silica grafting. Hydrophilic nano-silica treated with water-soluble sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and organic silane coupling agents was grafted onto the surface of ramie fiber. The surface roughness of the fibers was considerably increased after grafting. The nano-silica particles on the fiber surface enhanced the mechanical and thermal properties of the fiber-epoxy composite plates. Based on an analysis of contact angle measurements and a water absorption study, it was determined that the hydrophilicity of the treated fiber was weakened.

Post-pancreaticoduodenectomy pancreatic fistula associated hemorrhage (PPFH) is one of the leading lethal complications. Our study was to analyze the risk factors and managements of hemorrhage associated with pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy, and to evaluate treatment options.

We propose five confidence intervals for sensitivity difference of two continuous-scale diagnostic tests at the fixed level of two specificities based on the generalized pivotal quantity method, the hybrid method and the Bootstrap resampling method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, direct power-purchase for large consumers is difficult to carry out effectively when demand exceeds supply. Interest demand of direct power-purchase for large consumers under different conditions of supply and demand is analyzed in this paper. Therefore, design principle of transaction mechanism for direct transaction adapting to different supply and demand situation is also applied. The purpose is striving to carry out the direct transaction effectively when market demand exceeds supply situation, adjusting the supply and demand and solving the "soft lack of electricity" phenomenon due to fluctuation of coal price. In the end, some suggestions are put forward to the current transaction rules.

Electricity as an important way of primary energy consumption, occupy an important position in fossil energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. The significance of this development of low carbon electricity and the necessity of establishing a low carbon index system for the smart grid has been described. 10 factors from three links of power generation, power transmission and distribution, electricity consumption in power industry have been summarized. Combined the analysis of interpretative structural modeling to establish adjacency matrix and reachability matrix, the interpretative structural modeling of index system is decomposed to determine basic indicators, intermediate and advanced indicators which impact low carbon benefits. It has been briefly pointed out that application of interpretative structural modeling.

Established the index system of human settlements environment and economic system for Guizhou recently 8 years, using principal component analysis and fuzzy mathematics，obtained coordinated development degree of two systems through the quantitative analysis,and put forward some suggestions about the problems appeared.

The daily pollutant variations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2 are useful for environment protection and advices for human health. Two years data from three different time period before Spring Festival (SF), after SF and after Lantern Festival (LF) in Shenyang city of year 2013 and 2014 was analyzed. Results showed that concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2 were higher in 2014 than those in 2013, especially for SO2 and NO2; Among the three periods, concentrations of four air pollutants followed the sequence of after LF > before SF > after SF and road traffic emissions are more contributive than firework combustion during the festival celebration. We conclude that air pollution in Shenyang City is worsening and more influenced by vehicular pollution.

The transformation profiles of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by pure laccases from Trametes versicolorand Pycnoporus sanguineus, and the optimal reaction conditions (acetonitrile concentration, pH, temperature and incubation time) were determined. Anthracene was the most transformable PAH by both laccases, followed by benzo[a]pyrene, and benzo[a]anthracene. Laccase-mediator system (LMS) could not only improve the PAH oxidation but also extend the substrate types compared to laccase alone. 5% or 10% (v/v) of acetonitrile concentration, pH 4, temperature of 40 °C, and incubation time of 24 h were most favorable for anthracene oxidation by laccase from T. versicoloror P. sanguineus.The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis indicated that 9,10-anthraquinone was the main product of anthracene transformed by laccase from T. versicolor.Microtox test results showed that both anthracene and its laccase-transformation products were not acute toxic compounds, suggesting that laccase-treatment of anthracene would not increase the acute toxicity of contaminated site.

According to the features of low porosity and low permeability fracture as well as small scale of channel development, frequent sedimentary facies changes of planar sandstone, poor connectivity, large variation of sequence thickness and great development difficulties for oil layer in Fuyang Oilfield. In this paper, on the basis of fully considered of fracture features, built a more accurate 3-D geological model. And on the basis of the history matching, determined the formation pressure maintenance level under different injection-production ratio and rational water-flooding timing by the simulation of the different programs in the process advanced water injection development. The results show that: the reasonable injection-production ratio of Fuyang oil layer is 1.4, and the rational water-flooding timing is three months after advanced water injection. This provides theoretical guidance for the large-scale development of Fuyang oil layer, and also provides the technical basis for the developing of the other low permeability fractured oil field by advanced water injection.

t is a familiar truth for engineers in the 21st century that FRP (Fiber reinforced polymer) is getting widely used in civil engineering. FRP is light-weight and high strength, so most of the tensile structure and bending structure can be substituted with FRP. Though the application is becoming wider and wider for FRP products, the durability is still in concern for the engineering properties in the future. This article proposed a review of the GFRP (glass fiber reinforced polymer) concrete, and a brief introduction of the application in the right now China construction Projects.

Establishing the system of evaluation of human settlements environment, and habitat environment evaluation is an important content of human settlements research. Determine the evaluation index of human settlements in Nujiang canyon through AHP. And then it determined the weight of each evaluation index value using Matlab software. The evaluation index obtained the corresponding spatial data of through the GIS spatial analysis technology. Selecting all the residents of Nujiang canyon area as the evaluation object, it established connection between the spatial database and the Excel score table for habitat suitability, obtaining suitable grade of each residential. The results show that, the residential habitat suitability evaluation results and the actual living conditions are broadly consistent with the resident. And the evaluation system is scientific. Research method is effective.

A series of Olaparib derivatives was synthesized, and their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, MS and elemental analysis. Their antitumor activities on breast cancer susceptbility gene 1/2(BRCA1/2)-deficient cancer cell lines including HCC1937, Capan-1 and MDA-MB-436 were evaluated. The antitumor activity of compound Olaparib-1 was better than the positive control Olaparib in BRCA1-deficient cell line HCC1937.

Soil harbors remarkably stabilize bacterial communities at the phylum level. However, no two soils have exactly the same structure of bacterial phyla. The structure of microbial community is strongly influenced by the type of land-use through changes in soil attributes. Using high-throughput pyrosequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction techniques, soil microbial community structures were investigated along a land-use gradient of 100- and 27-year farmlands, a 33-year Pinus forest, a 28-year poplar forest, and a 21-year shrubland, as well as a native desert from which all cultivated systems were converted. The results revealed that the dominant phylotypes in the native soil comprised primarily of Alphaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes, accounting for > 71.4% of the total bacterial 16S rRNA sequence reads. Changes in land-use led to a significant decrease in these dominant phylotypes down to 33.4%. In contrast, the phylotypes with low abundance, such as Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Nitrospira, and Gammaproteobacteria, increased sharply from 4.5%5.9% in the native soil to 20.9%30.2% of the total 16S rRNA gene sequences in the cultivated soils except for the soil from the shrubland. These contrasting changes in the major taxa appear to be correlated with the changes in soil attributes. For instance, bacterial and archaeal amoAgenes were found to be 960- and 3 800-fold more abundant in the soil from the 100-year farmland than the native soil. The changes in numerically less dominant nitrifying phylotypes are consistent with soil inorganic nitrogen dynamics. Quantification of the 16S rRNA genes demonstrated that bacteria and archaea were about two to three orders of magnitude more abundant in the cultivated soil than in the native soil. Hence, land-use type affects the soil bacterial community structure, which has profound consequences on ecosystem function.

In order to study the catalytic activity in the preparation of fuel gases from catalytic pyrolysis of coal, the author selects NixOy/γ-Al2O3、CrxOy/γ-Al2O3，AgxOy/γ-Al2O3 and CoxOy/γ-Al2O3, respectively as the metal oxide supported catalysts from the previous experiment’s results. These catalysts have been added to Shenhua coal for a series of experiments. After these experiments, GC (gas chromatography) has been used for the analysis on the yield changes of CO and CH4 which result from the experiments. The results show that all of these catalysts have a positive influence on the yield of CO and CH4. As to the yield of CO, catalytic activity of CrxOy/γ-Al2O3 represents the most prominent performance at medium temperature period and CoxOy/γ-Al2O3 represents the same performance at high temperature period, while NixOy/γ-Al2O3, in which a great number of aluminum acid nickel spinels are reduced into metallic Ni at high temperature period, which results in different catalytic activity center from raw metallic Ni reduced from NiO. Consequently, the former reduced Ni shows outstanding catalytic activity. As to the yield of CH4, four catalysts mentioned above represent either the similar catalytic activity with CO or the individual characteristic —on one hand ,due to the strong adsorption of AgO and CrO3, CH4 gas is changed into H2 via pyrolysis at medium temperature as the yield of CH4 slumps ,on the other hand, due to an enormous amount of H2 production ,there is a drastically chemical reaction between H2 and these catalysts at high temperature, in which the yield of CH4 upswings toward the maximum amount greatly at the same time. Therefore, CrxOy/γ-Al2O3, AgxOy/γ-Al2O3 and CoxOy/γ-Al2O3 are more efficient at medium temperature and high temperature respectively. However, NixOy/γ-Al2O3 demonstrates the positive influence only from 800℃on. All of these results depend on the essence of catalysts to some extent. The study would have some theoretical guidance about increasing the utilization of coal and about industrial application of fuel gases generated from catalytic pyrolysis of coal.

This paper tries to research on the parametric design technology of Qing-Dynasty architecture in China. It contacts the character of Da-mu-zuo in china Qing-Dynasty, the modern parametric design technology-- Geometric Description Language (GDL) to establish the elements model of Da-mu-zuo, and then use the elements to build a parametric model of one floor and four edged eaves wood framework by means of parametric design. At last the application of the parametric model is studied.

2-D Coordinate transformation between different coordinate system including four parameters: two translations, one rotation, and one scale factor parameter. Because of ill-condition matrix, the common points’ little errors may cause big fluctuation of parameters’ results, which cause the four transformation parameters unreliable. Consider the comparability between coordinate transformation model and centre of gravity datum of free net adjustment, may eliminate the two translation parameters by auxiliary gravity datum condition. This article validate this method with instance.

The aim of the study was to determine the occurrence and the risk factors of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Chinese patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP), with particular emphasis on those with endoscopic or surgical therapy for CP.

Low permeability oil reservoirs were usually considered low quality reserves. However, low permeability oil reservoirs account for more and more percent of the proven reserves year by year in China. Conventional methods for analyzing medium-hign permeability cores are not suitable to low-permeability cores. Based on fractal method and the mercury injection curve data, the fractal dimensions of the pore structures of low permeability oil reservoirs are different from those of medium-high permeability oil reservoirs. The fractal dimensions of the pore structures of low permeability oil reservoirs are less than 2. Low permeability oil reservoirs which were not able to be developed are able to be developed by gemini surfactant flooding. This helps more and more low quality reserves be turned into producing reserves.

Gemini surfactant flooding is a promising technique to enhance oil recovery from medium-high permeability oil reservoirs. The screening of the surfactants is mainly based on their capability of lowering the surface tension between oil and water. However, gemini surfactants with high capability of lowering the surface tension do not necessarily enhance oil recovery from low-permeability oil reservoirs. Based on the fractal analyses of low-permeability cores and molecular spacer group, the fluid mechanics of gemini surfactant flooding in low-permeability oil reservoir is discovered. The fractal dimensions of the spacer group of gemini surfactants should match the fractal dimensions of the pore structures of low-permeability oil reservoirs.

It has been demonstrated that stromal cell precursors exist in human umbilical cord blood. After being cultured in vitro, these cells are called human umbilical cord blood-derived stromal cells (hUCBDSCs). However, the role of hUCBDSCs in hematopoiesis is still unclear. We have previously shown that hUCBDSCs are superior to human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) at enhancing the expansion of megakaryocyte colony forming units (CFU-Meg). Based on this observation, we postulated that hUCBDSCs might promote megakaryocytopoiesis. To test this hypothesis, we developed a megakaryocyte/hUCBDSC co-culture model and a hematopoietic microenvironment injury model in nude mice. We explored the ability and mechanisms by which hUCBDSCs promoted the proliferation of megakaryocytes in vitro,and we also explored their capacity to restore the hematopoietic microenvironment in vivo. As expected, hUCBDSCs were more effective than hBMSCs at enhancing the proliferation of megakaryocyte lines from HEL cells and restoring megakaryocytopoiesis in a hematopoietic microenvironment injury model in nude mice. Thrombopoietin (TPO) and stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) are two of the key factors underlying this capacity. We also found that gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) between HEL cells and hUCBDSCs might be partially absent. Our data provide the first evidence that hUCBDSCs play a regulatory role during megakaryocytopoiesis, which might be important for designing treatments for patients with megakaryocytic injury.

Three armchair single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) (7, 7), (12, 12), (17, 17) and three zigzag SWCNTs (12, 0), (16, 0), (20, 0) are investigated in this paper, using the molecular dynamic (MD) method with the second-generation Tersoff-Brenner (TB) potential. The Poisson’s ratio of these nanotubes under tensile and compressive loading is obtained. The effect of the strain and size on the Poisson’s ratio of nanotubes is analyzed systematically, from the viewpoints of the structure and the averaged atomic potential energy of nanotubes. The results show that the Poisson’s ratio of nanotubes decreases as the strain increases. The Poisson’s ratios of nanotubes of larger chiral angle decrease more quickly. For nanotubes of the same chiral angle, the larger the diameters of nanotubes are, the larger their Poisson’s ratios become. Moreover, the Poisson’s ratios of nanotubes of larger diameter are more approaching.

Configurations of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with randomly distributed vacancies were generated by numerical method. Molecular dynamics (MD) method was used to investigate the compressive mechanics properties of SWCNTs with vacancies. The simulation results show that the SWCNTs with vacancies have more complicated deformation procedures and the Young’s modulus is lower than the corresponding perfect SWCNTs. The Young’s modulus of the SWCNTs with no more than 20 vacancies ranges from 940Gpa to 620Gpa, and its value is approximately linearly proportional to the number of vacancies. It is found that local buckling first appears in the surface region having high density of vacancies of (10, 10) SWCNTs under axial compression. As the loading increases, SWCNTs with more vacancies have more complicated buckling configuration and sluggish energy variation. Under a case of the same displacement load the more vacancies the SWCNT has, the more complicated the mechanical behavior is. SWCNTs with 20 vacancies can still maintain self structure stabilization, this validates that SWCNTs have good spacial stabilization.

A survey was made of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) status of five dominant wild plants Tamarix chinensis, Phragmites communis, Suaeda glauca, Aeluropus littoralis var. sinensis and Cirsium setosum in saline-alkaline soils of the Yellow River Delta that show low plant diversity. All of the species were colonized and showed typical AM structures (arbuscules, vesicles). The colonization percentage ranged from 0.2% to 9.5%, where C. setosum was the highest. The species richness of AMF at the different sites ranged from 2.00 to 2.40 per 50 ml soil, with an average of 2.16. Species diversity ranged from 1.99 to 2.22 per 50 ml soil, with an average of 2.13. Spore density ranged from 3 to 30 per 50 ml soil, with an average of 12. Glomus was the dominant genus, with a frequency and relative abundance of 88.1% and 68.4%, respectively. G. caledonium, with a frequency and relative abundance of 15.0% and 4.6%, respectively, was the dominant species. Differences were also observed in the distribution of AMF in different soil layers. Although there were still AM fungal spores in the layer 40 cm below the surface, most spores were found at a depth of 0–40 cm.

Abstract: Objective: To identify new markers for prediction of lymph node metastasis. Methods: cDNA probes were prepared by labeling mRNA from samples of four pancreatic carcinoma tissues with Cy5-dUTP and mRNA from adjacent normal tissues with Cy3-dUTP respectively through reverse transcription. The mixed probes of each sample were then hybridized with 4,096 cDNA arrays (4,000 unique human cDNA sequences), and the fluorescent signals were scanned by ScanArray 3000 scanner (General Scanning, Inc.). The values of Cy5-dUTP and Cy3-dUTP on each spot were analyzed and calculated by ImaGene 3.0 software (BioDiscovery, Inc.). Genes that differentially expresses in each cancerous tissue were sought out according to the standard that the absolute value of natural logarithm of the ratio of Cy5 to Cy3 is greater than 0.69, i. e., more than 2 times change of gene expression, and the signal value of either Cy3 and Cy5 need to be greater than 600. Then, the genes differently expressed in cancer with and without lymphatic metastasis were screened out for further analysis. Results: Among 2 samples with lymphatic metastasis and 2 samples without metastasis, 56 genes, which accounted for 1.40% of genes on the microarray slides, exhibited differentially expression in cancerous tissues with lymphatic metastasis. There were 32 over-expressed genes including 11 having been registered in Genebank, and 24 under-expressed genes including 3 in Genebank. Conclusion: Microarray analysis may provide invaluable information to identify specific gene expression profile of lymphatic metastasis in pancreatic cancer.

In aqueous solutions, electro/chemically deposited metals usually grow outward into electrolyte. Here we report that the reduced Al grows inward into the sample, surprisingly, while Mg (in pure Mg and Al2Mg3alloy) is galvanically replaced with Al in an ionic liquid. The galvanic replacement reaction (GRR) of Al2Mg3involves a dealloying process that generates a nanoporous Al skeleton, and simultaneously the inward-growth plating of Al that thickens the Al skeleton. The obtained open nanoporous Al might be interesting for many applications including lithium-ion batteries. The anomalous inward-growth of deposited Al is attributed to the low diffusivity of ionic liquid and the negative charge of reduced species. This dealloying/GRR procedure provides a new route to produce hierarchical nanoporous structure in bulk materials.

A simple procedure is developed for the synthetically important scaffolds.