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This study assessed differential gene expression and identified expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) from samples of Longissimus lumborummuscle from bulls at 15 months of age submitted to different prenatal nutrition. Upon confirmation of pregnancy, 126 dams were separated into three diet treatments varying the period of inclusion of energy protein supplementation (NP, PP, and FP). At calving, 63 males were genotyped with GGP LD BeadChip. The skeletal muscle of 15 bulls was sequenced (RNA-seq) at 15 months of age. The EdgeR package was used for differential gene expression and principal component analysis (PCA), and the Matrix eQTL package was used for the eQTLs analysis (R statistical). The functional enrichment analysis was performed using the MetaCore® software. No genes differentially expressed were found between treatments (FDR > 0.05); nevertheless, we found 179 cis-tag-eQTLs and 20,762 trans-tag-eQTLs (FDR < 0.05) after linkage disequilibrium analysis. The functional enrichment analysis identified terms from gene ontology related to genes associated to trans-eQTLs (FDR < 0.05) as well as metabolic pathways (> gScore). Most biological pathways and genes found had been previously associated to fetal programming. The different prenatal supplementation strategies did not impact on muscle transcriptome of bulls. Additionally, there is a link between genotype and gene expression levels related to developmental traits in Nellore cattle.

The use of appropriate yeast strains allows to better control the fermentation during beverage production. Bee products, especially of stingless bees, are poorly explored as sources of fermenting microorganisms. In this work, yeasts were isolated from honey and pollen from Tetragonisca angustula(Jataí), Nannotrigona testaceicornis(Iraí), Frieseomelitta varia(Marmelada), and honey of Apis melliferabees and screened according to morphology, growth, and alcohol production. Bee products showed to be potential sources of fermenting microorganisms. From 55 isolates, one was identified as Papiliotrema flavescens, two Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, five Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and nine Starmerella meliponinorum. The S. cerevisiaestrains were able to produce ethanol and glycerol at pH 4.0–8.0 and temperature of 10–30 °C, with low or none production of undesirable compounds, such as acetic acid and methanol. These strains are suitable for the production of bioethanol and alcoholic beverages due to their high ethanol production, similar or superior to the commercial strain, and in a broad range of conditions like as 50% (m/v) glucose, 10% (v/v) ethanol, or 500 mg L−1of sodium metabisulfite.

This work applies pedometric tools to analyse soil property information relevant to morphological characterisation and soil classification. The objective of this paper was further to identify similarities in soil properties among a soil profile collection. The harmonisation of soil data enables the comparison between soil profiles, transference of information and modelling of soil horizons distribution. The statistical procedures were implemented in R software, through the Algorithms for Quantitative Pedology (AQP package), which contains a collection of algorithms to model soil resources and aid soil classification, soil profile aggregation and visualisation. The procedures allowed definition of values for soil properties in every one-centimetre layer of the soil profile, by regrouping the data in a different layer thickness, and it was possible to analyse similarity between profiles using a dissimilarity matrix for each depth slice. The AQP allowed analysis of a large number of soil profiles, in terms of vertical variability of soil continuous properties (e.g. sand and clay content, and pH) and for categorical variables, such as diagnostic horizons. Soil depth functions were developed to represent soil properties and probability of occurrence to diagnostic horizons to a large data set, and the dissimilarity analysis allowed separation of a small group of similar soil profiles and further qualitative comparison among the select profiles.

Suturing the uterine wall after cesarean section, begun in the late 19th century, markedly lowered the mortality risk from operative delivery. Pfannenstiel, in 1897, proposed making a curved transverse suprapubic incision in the abdominal skin, and Kerr, in 1926, first described the transverse lower-segment incision accompanied by double-layer uterine wall sutures and peritoneal closure. In 1972, Joel-Cohen described a transverse skin incision made 5 cm above the pubic symphysis along with blunt dissection of the abdominal wall. Subsequently, single-layer suturing of the uterus and notclosing the peritoneum were introduced. These innovations and subsequent changes are termed the modified Misgav-Ladach (MML) technique after the major hospital contributing to their development. The investigators planned a prospective, randomized study of 162 patients having transverse lower-uterine-segment cesarean section, 88 of them with the MML technique and 74 by the Pfannenstiel-Kerr method.

Advances in the technology of mobile devices and wireless computers have transformed the way individuals communicate, making people’s use of such devices very frequent while traveling by means of transport. Vibrations are found in a variety of human activities, such as travel, leisure and work activities, and therefore, exposure is unavoidable to the individual. In order to maximize the time during the trip, people try to keep their minds active with study or work activities or in search of socialization for the purpose of distraction or entertainment. This has sparked the interest of the scientific community in conducting studies focusing on how this interaction of the individual with the cellular can affect cognitive performance. The present article intends to constitute an analysis on the effects of whole-body vibration exposure on cognition in university students assessed through the use of a game application for cognitive brain training on a cell phone or tablet for both genders. The aim of this work is to present the results of the influence of whole-body vibration on cognition in different variables (gender, type of device used and frequency of exposure) as a contribution to scientific and technological research. Forty people, being 20 females and 20 males, participated in the experimental test, having to exercise their cognitive abilities through the use of an application for brain-training games. It was based on traffic light images. When the green light appeared, the subjects had to click as quick as possible on the screen, being the processing speed the objective measure. The individuals were subdivided into groups to be able to verify the influence of the vibration according to the type of mobile device (smartphone or tablet) used for the game, gender of the volunteer (female or male) and whole-body vibration frequency (5 Hz or 30 Hz) and with 0.8 m/s2of amplitude. The WBV exposure duration was 10 min. After the exposure, participants remained at rest for 5 min while playing a new round of the game. In this way, it was possible to acquire data before and during exposure to vibration and following a period of rest after the exposure. Considering the collected data, a nonparametric statistical analysis (Mann–Whitney tests) was necessary. The results showed decay in the game score during the time with vibration in relation to the initial time without vibration. However, there is a tendency for recovery in the score obtained in the game during the time at rest after the exposure to the vibration in relation to the initial time at rest without vibration. Comparing the use of cell phone versus tablet, it is evident that for the same-gender group under the influence of vibration at the same frequency, better results are obtained with the use of tablet. With exposure to whole-body vibration at the 30 Hz frequency, volunteers presented better results than those subjected to the effects of whole-body vibration at 5 Hz frequency. When one compares the male and female genders, maintaining the same frequency and type of device of each group, it was found that the female group performed slightly better than the male one. The study sought to verify how the cognition and whole-body vibration relate. Moreover, this paradigm served to analyze whether there is any deficit effect or improvement in the individual’s performance in performing certain types of activities due to some influence on the cognitive processes of information processing speed. By observing the analyzed aspects, it is concluded that the exposure to whole-body vibration at both applied frequencies exerts a delay in the reaction and accuracy of the information speed process, with the individual recovering in the acquired score after cessation of vibratory excitation. Therefore, whole-body vibration is an important parameter in all cognitive processes, and further studies should be suggested, implying other variables in the process, in order to verify how the individual behaves and how much it influences cognitive system.