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In this study, we fabricated sub‐micron organic/inorganic hybrid TFE (Thin Film Encapsulation). We utilize an inkjet printing process to fabricate organic layer. It has excellent industrial applicability by using an industrial printhead with 1024 nozzles. The thickness of the organic layer is optimized through the DPI (Drops Per Inch) of inkjet printing and surface treatment of substrate. The sub‐micron organic/inorganic hybrid TFE was fabricated on a TEOLED (Top Emission Organic Light Emitting Diode), and the OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) with the fabricated TFE did not show degradation. Under constant temperature and humidity conditions 30°C, 90 % R.H. (Relative Humidity), the luminance of the OLED remained the same without any defects. The fabricated TFE for the production of OLEDoS has excellent encapsulation properties even at a thin thickness. Finally, we are investigating the optical properties of the ultra‐high‐resolution microdisplay panel applied with the sub‐micron organic/inorganic hybrid TFE.

Perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have emerged as a promising new light source for displays. The development roadmap for commercializing PeLEDs should include a tandem device structure, specifically by stacking a thin nanocrystal PeLED unit and an organic light-emitting diode unit, which can achieve a vivid and efficient tandem display; however, simply combining light-emitting diodes with different characteristics does not guarantee both narrowband emission and high efficiency, as it may cause a broadened electroluminescence spectra and a charge imbalance. Here, by conducting optical simulations of the hybrid tandem (h-tandem) PeLED, we have discovered a crucial optical microcavity structure known as the h-tandem valley, which enables the h-tandem PeLED to emit light with a narrow bandwidth. Specifically, the centre structure of the h-tandem valley (we call it valley-centre tandem) demonstrates near-perfect charge balance and optimal microcavity effects. As a result, the h-tandem PeLED achieves a high external quantum efficiency of 37.0% and high colour purity with a narrow full-width at half-maximum of 27.3 nm (versus 64.5 nm in organic light-emitting diodes) along with a fast on–off response. These findings offer a new strategy to overcome the limitations of nanocrystal-based PeLEDs, providing valuable optical and electrical guidelines for integrating different types of light-emitting device into practical display applications.

Metal-halide perovskites possess synthetic tunability in terms of their compositions and structures, which results in a facile control of the properties crucial for optoelectronic device applications. For instance, the optical band gap of perovskites can be adjusted by means of halide compositions, which can generate a wide range of perovskite phases emitting visible light from purple to red. Furthermore, embedding the emissive perovskites within inorganic structural matrices provides further opportunities to tune their functionalities. In this study, we demonstrate that mechanochemical synthesis (MCS) can be successfully employed to prepare a full range of mixed-halide zero-dimensional (0D) perovskites (Cs4PbClmBr6–mand Cs4PbBr6–mIm, where mis an integer from 0 to 6). The synthesized mixed-halide 0D perovskite powder samples exhibited photoluminescence emissions spanning the entire visible spectrum (410–690 nm), which likely originates from the inclusion of three-dimensional perovskites. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our 0D perovskite powder samples can be readily used as the source for fabricating thin films via fast single-source vacuum deposition while preserving the optical properties of the source powder samples. Overall, our study reveals the versatility of MCS as a useful toolkit for preparing a family of 0D perovskites with a full range of halide compositions with potential for light-emitting applications.

In this paper, we propose the application of an optical property-enhancement film that complements the angular dependence and total reflection of top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (TEOLEDs). The optical property-enhancement film is composed of a porous pyramid arrangement applied on a thin-film encapsulation layer of TEOLEDs and is applied to distribute the transmitted light evenly. The results confirm that the change in the electroluminescence spectrum for each angle was effectively reduced because the TEOLEDs demonstrated uniform light distribution. In addition, reducing the total internal reflection in the film structure made it possible to improve the external quantum efficiency by approximately 35% and current efficiency by 38%.

Literature review revealed that effects of particle segregation and silt uniformity on the liquefaction resistance of sand–silt mixtures are not well understood. Therefore, cyclic direct simple shear tests were conducted to investigate effects of silt uniformity and stratified structures on the liquefaction resistance of sand–silt mixtures with 0%–40% fines content (FC). For all uniform sand–silt mixtures, as FCincreased up to 20%, liquefaction resistance decreased, while it increased as FCincreased from 20% to 40%. The liquefaction resistance of the samples with uniform silt only in the top and bottom layers was slightly higher than that of a uniform sample (USM), while the cyclic strength of the samples with silt concentrated in the middle layer was greater (up to 23%) than that of other nonuniform samples. USMexhibited the least liquefaction resistance. In addition, the number of silt layers (NoSLs) substantially affected the liquefaction resistance of stratified structures: as NoSLsincreased from 1 to 3 layers, the cyclic resistance ratio was reduced by 20%, 10%, and 7% for FCvalues of 20%, 30%, and 40%, respectively. The liquefaction resistance of the stratified samples was greater than that of USM. To quantify the effect of silt uniformity and NoSLs, the nonuniformity index (NUI) was introduced herein; the calculated NUIvalues showed that the increase in liquefaction resistance was well correlated with the increase in the NUI.

Abstract Malignant fibrous histiocytoma, also known as pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma not otherwise specified, arises in numerous organs. The first-line treatment is complete excision of the mass, but in some cases [...]

Layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanostructures have attracted significant attention as versatile two-dimensional building blocks with exceptional properties, including specific surface area, selective growth, variable anion exchange, catalytic reactivity, and intrinsic hydroxide ion conductivity. Due to the rare intrinsic hydroxide ion conduction arising from the abundant hydroxyl groups, LDHs have been applied in various fields, including supercapacitors, batteries, electrocatalysts, photocatalysts, and proton exchange membranes. However, the correlation between temperature, humidity, and structural properties of LDH as an ion conductive channel device has not yet been investigated. In this study, we verified the ion-conducting mechanism of LDH by utilizing closely packed two-dimensional scroll nanosheets with variations in temperature and humidity. The ion flux in the LDH nanosheets operates through surface-to-surface hopping influenced by water activity and the desorption/adsorption state of water. Moreover, the LDH nanosheets demonstrate an exceptional ability for self-recovery, absorbing moisture from the surrounding environment and diffusing it to internal structures. This water absorption property significantly contributes to the surface water-induced ion conduction observed in LDH nanosheets.

The surface morphologies of the active electrode materials have a significant impact on the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. The Ni-mixed CuCo2S4materials were successfully prepared on Ni-Foam using the hydrothermal method followed by the sulfidation process. CuCo1.5Ni0.5S4has a nanoneedle structure, whereas CuCo1.0Ni1.0S4has a vertically aligned nanograss structure. Due to the high theoretical capacity and redox behavior of Ni, Co, and Cu elements, the low electronegativity of S atoms, favorable structural behavior, and low hydration sphere radius with high ionic mobility character of OH–ions, the resulting CuCo1.0Ni1.0S4nanograss was used as a binder-free electrode for supercapacitor application. It has delivered outstanding specific capacity, rate capability, and cycle performance characteristics. The CuCo1.0Ni1.0S4electrode produced a maximum specific capacity of 325.5 mA h/g at a current density of 1 A/g, while maintaining good rate capability. After 5000 cycles at 20 A/g, the CuCo1.0Ni1.0S4electrode retains 86% of its initial capacity. Furthermore, the asymmetric supercapacitor device is made with CuCo1.0Ni1.0S4as the positive electrode material and activated carbon as the negative electrode material. The fabricated ASC has a maximum energy density of 38.5 W h/kg at a power density of 356 W/kg. In summary, the CuCo1.0Ni1.0S4electrode is a promising material for electrochemical energy storage and conversion applications.

Metal halide perovskites are attracting a lot of attention as next-generation light-emitting materials owing to their excellent emission properties, with narrow band emission1–4. However, perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs), irrespective of their material type (polycrystals or nanocrystals), have not realized high luminance, high efficiency and long lifetime simultaneously, as they are influenced by intrinsic limitations related to the trade-off of properties between charge transport and confinement in each type of perovskite material5–8. Here, we report an ultra-bright, efficient and stable PeLED made of core/shell perovskite nanocrystals with a size of approximately 10 nm, obtained using a simple in situ reaction of benzylphosphonic acid (BPA) additive with three-dimensional (3D) polycrystalline perovskite films, without separate synthesis processes. During the reaction, large 3D crystals are split into nanocrystals and the BPA surrounds the nanocrystals, achieving strong carrier confinement. The BPA shell passivates the undercoordinated lead atoms by forming covalent bonds, and thereby greatly reduces the trap density while maintaining good charge-transport properties for the 3D perovskites. We demonstrate simultaneously efficient, bright and stable PeLEDs that have a maximum brightness of approximately 470,000 cd m−2, maximum external quantum efficiency of 28.9% (average = 25.2 ± 1.6% over 40 devices), maximum current efficiency of 151 cd A−1and half-lifetime of 520 h at 1,000 cd m−2(estimated half-lifetime >30,000 h at 100 cd m−2). Our work sheds light on the possibility that PeLEDs can be commercialized in the future display industry.

Low stability of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) is the biggest obstacle to the commercialization of PeLED displays. Here, we cover the current status and challenges in analysing and improving the stability of PeLEDs and suggest some advice that will benefit the community to boost the operational lifetime of PeLEDs.

(−)-α-Bisabolol is a functional ingredient in various health and cosmetic products and has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing properties. (−)-α-Bisabolol is chemically synthesized and produced by steam distillation of essential oils extracted from Brazilian Candeia (Eremanthus erythropappus). To sustainably produce pure (−)-α-bisabolol, we previously engineered Escherichia colito produce 9.1 g/L (−)-α-bisabolol via heterologous mevalonate pathways and (−)-α-bisabolol synthase (BOS) from German chamomile, Matricaria recutita(MrBOS). BOS has only been reported in MrBOS and Brazilian Candeia (EeBOS). The limited availability of BOS has made it difficult to achieve high titer and yield and large-scale (−)-α-bisabolol production. We identified a novel BOS in globe artichoke (CcBOS) and examined its functionality in vitroand in vivo. CcBOS showed higher catalytic efficiency and (−)-α-bisabolol production rates than those from MrBOS or EeBOS. In fed-batch fermentation, CcBOS generated the highest reported (−)-α-bisabolol titer to date (23.4 g/L). These results may facilitate economically viable industrial (−)-α-bisabolol production.

Donor−π–acceptor structured thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules are likely to have distributions of dihedral angles in solids. However, the impact of the dihedral angle distribution of TADF molecules on their electronic structures and excited-state dynamics regarding the triplet charge-transfer states (3CT) has rarely been studied. Herein, we report unique dual phosphorescence from a series of methyl-substituted TADF molecules in a frozen matrix at 77 K. The origin of dual phosphorescence is the dihedral angle distribution of the TADF molecules rather than the anti-Kasha behavior of the TADF molecules. Based on the time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations and experimental investigations, we show that the dihedral angle distribution of the TADF molecules in solids induces a large energy distribution of 3CT states over 0.27 eV leading to a dual phosphorescence from 3CT and local triplet states (3LE). The ratio of the 3CT phosphorescence and the 3LE phosphorescence depends on the position of the 3LE state within the energy band of the 3CT state, which determines the pathway of intramolecular triplet energy transfer (ITET). Our findings contribute to the understanding of the complex excited-state dynamics of triplet states of TADF molecules and shed light on the design of efficient TADF emitters and dual phosphorescence emitters. Moreover, the photophysical model we describe provides fundamental and new insights into the excited-state dynamics of luminescent molecules along with Kasha’s rule, one of the most fundamental principles in photochemistry and photophysics.

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a promising water purification technology which works by removing salt ions or charged species from aqueous solutions. Currently, most of the research on CDI focuses on the desalination of water with low or moderate salt concentration due to the low salt adsorption capacity of the electrodes. The electrosorption capacity of CDI relies on the structural and textural characteristics of the electrode materials. The cost of electrode materials, the complicated synthesis methods, and the environmental concerns arising from material synthesis steps hinder the development of large-scale CDI units. By considering the good electrical conductivity, high specific surface area (SSA), porous structure, availability, mass production, and cost, porous carbon derived from biomass materials may be a promising CDI electrode material. This review presents an update on carbon nanomaterials derived from various biomasses for CDI electrodes. It covers different synthesis methods and the electrosorption performance of each material and discusses the impact of the SSA and porous structure of the materials on desalination. This review shows that a variety of biomass materials can be used to synthesize cost-effective CDI electrode materials with different structures and good desalination performance. It also shows that diverse precursors and synthesis routes have significant influences on the properties and performance of the resulting carbon electrodes. Additionally, the performance of CDI does not depend only on BET surface area and pore structure but also on the applied voltage, initial concentration of the feed solution, and mass, as well as the capacitance of the electrodes.

Numerous reports have elucidated the advantages of SiOx-based anodes including their large capacities and superior cycling stabilities. However, these electrodes have not been optimized for use in electric vehicles (EVs), which demand even better performance stability at fast charging rates and high temperatures. Herein, we fabricated a novel solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) using nanodiamondseeds. The grown SEI comprised an assembly of pillars, with a height and diameter of approximately 600 and 250 nm, respectively. As a result, the Li||Ti-SiOx@C cell with a nanodiamond-containing electrolyte achieved a high capacity retention of 76.4% over 1000 cycles at 5 A g–1and 50 °C, whereas the cell with no nanodiamond seeds showed a severe decay in the capacity and retained only 61.5% of its initial capacity. Furthermore, the NCM811||Ti-SiOx@C full cell constructed with the pillar-type SEI also showed a high capacity retention of 61.8% at 5 C (1 C = 200 mAh g–1) and 50 °C after 500 cycles, which was a significant improvement from the value (33.3%) demonstrated by its counterpart comprising the conventional SEI. The results obtained herein will enable the development of high-performance lithium-ion batteries.

Background: Transoral thyroidectomy is becoming a preferred technique because it has the advantage of not leaving a scar after surgery. However, it is not yet standard because of the anatomic nerve complexity of this oral cavity and difficulty of approach. The aim of this study was to determine the safety zone of a gasless transoral thyroidectomy approach using an anatomical study and to evaluate the efficacy of this approach on clinical application. Methods: Phase 1, twenty unilateral specimens from fresh cadavers underwent staining by the modified Sihler’s method to identify nerves around the oral vestibules. Then, the safety zone of the transoral thyroidectomy approach was proposed. Phase 2, a comparative analysis of the clinical outcomes of gasless transoral thyroidectomy through the safety zone versus transcutaneous thyroidectomy approach. Results: In phase 1, numerous inferior labial branches diverged from the mental nerve and were distributed across the lower lip. In most cases, the most lateral branch reached almost to the corner of the mouth, whereas a nerve-free area was present at the medial region of the lower lip. The suggested safety zone was presented as a trapezoid shape. In phase 2, there were no significant differences in age, mass size, or complications between the two groups. However, the operation time in the transoral thyroidectomy group was longer than in the transcutaneous group (p= 0.001). Conclusions: Based on the anatomical study, we suggested a safety zone for the gasless transoral thyroidectomy. On application of this safety zone, gasless transoral thyroidectomy is a safe and feasible procedure.

SiOxis investigated as a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for replacing Si, which undergoes huge volume changes during lithiation/delithiation, even though its energy density is much higher than that of graphite. However, some critical issues such as cyclic instability and poor initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) need to be resolved for practical applications. Various approaches have been explored to address these issues, such as the compositional modification of the conventional solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed on the outer surface of the electrode contacting the electrolyte; however, the improvement is limited to the initial several hundred cycles. In this work, we produced a monolithic SEI, which has highly favorable characteristics such as structural durability and diffusion efficiency of lithium ions, by in situ growth and interconnection of the passivation materials generated not only on the outer surface but also in the interstitial voids between the SiOxparticles of the electrode. Compared with the electrode having the conventional SEI formed only on the outer surface of the electrode, the capacity retention improvement becomes more conspicuous with the cycles, with more than 27% improvement after 1500 cycles. In addition, the ICE significantly improved by more than two times.

Tritium is an isotope essential for nuclear fusion reactor operations. Since it can be used for manufacturing nuclear weapons, nuclear safeguards are required for its peaceful use. This study analyzed and discussed the safeguarding of conceptual tritium production facility. Tritium production capacity of pressurized water reactor was analyzed using MCNP6.2 code. Tritium was assumed to be produced using tritium-producing burnable absorber rods (TPBARs). The 17 X17 nuclear fuel assembly with various loading configurations of TPBARs was designed and simulated as a function of the burnup. Therefore, a formula for analyzing the total tritium produced as a function of burnup and lithium-6 enrichment was developed using a regression methodology. Within the evaluated area, the error of this formula was less than 6.46 %. A conceptual material balance area for a tritium extraction facility (TEF) was assumed.. Through literature review, the cases (1, 5, 10 g) of the equivalent-significant quantity (SQ) of tritium were classified, and TEF σMUFwas calculated according to the IAEA's suggestion (3σMUF

Chicken embryos serve as an important model for investigating germ cells due to their ease of accessibility and manipulation within the egg. Understanding the development of germ cells is particularly crucial, as they are the only cell types capable of transmitting genetic information to the next generation. Therefore, gene expression regulation in germ cells is important for genomic function. Epigenetic programming is a crucial biological process for the regulation of gene expression without altering the genome sequence. Although epigenetic programming is evolutionarily conserved, several differences between chickens and mammals have been revealed. In this review, we compared the epigenetic regulation of germ cells in chickens and mammals (mainly mice as a representative species). In mammals, migrating primordial germ cells (PGCs; precursors for germ cells) undergo global DNA demethylation and persist until sexual differentiation, while in chickens, DNA is demethylated until reaching the gonad but remethylated when sexually differentiated. Prospermatogonia is methylated at the onset of mitotic arrest in mammals, while DNA is demethylated at mitotic arrest in chickens. Furthermore, genomic imprinting and inactivation of sex chromosomes are differentially regulated through DNA methylation in chickens and mammals. Chickens and mammals exhibit different patterns of histone modifications during germ cell development, and non-coding RNA, which is not involved in PGC differentiation in mice, plays an important role in chicken PGC development. Additionally, several chicken-specific non-coding RNAs have been identified. In conclusion, we summarized current knowledge of epigenetic gene regulation of chicken germ cells, comparing that of mammals, and highlighted notable differences between them.

There is an argument that the Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement (CSA) should be applied to the milling process, which is the first stage of nuclear fuel cycle, to reduce the possibility of nuclear proliferation. Therefore, this study aims to propose new and conceptual safeguards applicable to milling facilities and design Nuclear Material Accountancy for its application. Mill tailings reach a secular equilibrium state. While approaching this equilibrium state, the ratio of each isotope changes. First, the Bateman equation was used to analyze this phenomenon and evaluate the feasibility of utilizing the specific isotope ratio to track undeclared nuclear activities. Second, the gamma spectrum analysis of mill tailings was conducted using the Monte Carlo N-Particle Code to validate undeclared nuclear activities. This study shows that the ratio of U-238/Th-234 and U-238/Pa-234m can estimate the production time within a year. Furthermore, gamma spectrum analysis of mill tailings revealed visible differences in the low-energy region due to the decay of Th-234. Finally, a conceptual Material Balance Area, Key Measurement Points, and Material Balance Period for milling facilities were designed to apply CSA. It is anticipated that applying CSA to milling facilities could enhance not only the nuclear fuel cycles but also nuclear non-proliferation system.

This study explores the potential for tritium production in North Korea's 5MWe graphite-moderated reactor, a facility primarily associated with nuclear weapons material production. While existing research on these reactors has largely centered on plutonium, our focus shifts to tritium, a crucial element in boosted fission bombs. Utilizing the MCNP6 code for simulations, the results estimate that North Korea can possibly produce approximately 7–12 g of tritium annually. This translates to the potential production of 1–3 boosted fission bombs each year. By incorporating tritium production into assessments of North Korea's nuclear capabilities, our methodology provides insights into the dynamics of the country's nuclear force, revealing a more diversified and complex composition than previously assumed. The findings significantly aid policymakers, regulatory bodies, and researchers in comprehending potential proliferation risks associated with graphite-moderated reactors and in developing strategies to address the nuclear threat emanating from North Korea.

ABSTRACTAt present, due to the use of manual, rather than automated measurements, the inspection for building occupancy authorization lacks objectivity. Seeking to improve this situation, in this study, we used unmanned aerial vehicle for automated inspection for building occupancy authorization. Theoretical considerations about building occupancy authorization and the trend of UAV technology were accomplished. Furthermore, reverse engineering, including digital photography, network RTK-VRS surveying, and post-processing data, was conducted. The obtained spatial information was used for building occupancy inspection authorization in a BIM platform, and the effectiveness and applicability of UAV-based inspection was analyzed. The results of this study demonstrate that UAV-based automated inspection can reduce error rate in on-site measurement, conduct complete enumeration survey of the entire range of building, and collect data ensuring objectivity of the inspection due to authentic accuracy and effectiveness.

AbstractUnder normal operating conditions, a pyroprocessing facility removes highly radioactive and nonradioactive fission product waste from used nuclear reactor fuel to recycle the remaining uranium (U), plutonium (Pu), and other actinides contained in it. The products from this facility are separate ingots of U and mixed transuranic elements (TRUs)–uranium (TRU-U). Uranium in both ingots will be depleted U with 235U enrichment less than 1%. The TRU-U ingot will contain neptunium, Pu, americium (Am), and curium (Cm) mixed with U with an approximate TRU:U ratio of 1:1. Four scenarios of nuclear material diversion by potential misuse of the pyroprocessing facility operations are analyzed and compared with the scenario of normal operating condition when the electrowinning process or the TRU-U ingot manufacturing process is misused. These diversion scenario analyses are carried out to understand the proliferation potential and to recommend safeguards measures. The four scenarios of nuclear material diversion analyzed are (1) 50 g Pu, (2) 100 g Pu, (3) 200 g Pu, and (4) all Pu, i.e., 452 g in the 1-kg TRU-U ingot. Plutonium cannot be diverted by itself because other TRUs (Am and Cm) will be simultaneously extracted with Pu. This is because the reduction potentials of those actinides are not distinguishably different from that of Pu on a liquid cadmium cathode of the electrowinning step of the pyroprocess. Hence, in addition to Pu, simultaneous diversion of respective amounts of Am and Cm for the four diversion scenarios are considered. The diversion scenario analysis also considered the concealment of Pu and Cm removal from the TRU-U ingot by adding an equivalent amount of 252Cf to replenish the neutron source emissions. These five scenarios (four nuclear material diversion scenarios and one normal operation scenario) are modeled and simulated using the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP6) radiation transport computer code by incorporating the model of a NaI gamma radiation detection system. The results show that the presence and absence of Pu in the TRU-U ingot can be confirmed by the NaI gamma radiation detection system. However, identifying the presence of U in the TRU-U ingot is difficult using the NaI gamma radiation detection system due to interference from TRU gamma radiation. To identify the U presence in the TRU-U ingot, an application of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is studied. The NMR technology employs a numerical calculation approach based on density functional theory (DFT) simulation. The DFT calculation results show that the detection of U in a pyroprocess is feasible by NMR technology. In addition, these four nuclear material diversion scenarios are analyzed through MCNP6 simulations by incorporating the model of a coincidence neutron detection system. To conceal the nuclear material diversion, the simulations are performed by replacing the diverted Pu and Cm by an appropriate mass of 252Cf neutron source that is equivalent to the neutron source strengths of the diverted mass. Simulation results show that this concealment (misuse) results in a deceived Pu mass estimate in the TRU-U ingot if the Pu-to-244Cm–ratio method (proposed method in the literature) is used.

A new methodology to analyze the nuclear material accountability for pyroprocessing system is developed. The Pu-to-244Cm ratio quantification is one of the methods for Pu accountancy in pyroprocessing. However, an uncertainty in the Pu-to-244Cm ratio due to the non-uniform composition in used fuel assemblies can affect the accountancy of Pu. A random variable, LOPu, is developed to analyze the probability of detection for Pu diversion of hypothetical scenarios at a pyroprocessing facility considering the uncertainty in Pu-to-244Cm ratio estimation. The analysis is carried out by the hypothesis testing and the event tree method. The probability of detection for diversion of 8 kg Pu is found to be less than 95% if a large size granule consisting of small size particles gets sampled for measurements. To increase the probability of detection more than 95%, first, a new Material Balance Area (MBA) structure consisting of more number of Key Measurement Points (KMPs) is designed. This multiple KMP-measurement for the MBA shows the probability of detection for 8 kg Pu diversion is greater than 96%. Increasing the granule sample number from one to ten also shows the probability of detection is greater than 95% in the most ranges for granule and powder sizes.

Phenazasiline, a sp3hybridized silicon-bridged diphenylamine, is a promising donor moiety for deep-blue TADF emitters because of its deep highest occupied molecular orbital, high triplet level of 3.1 eV, and orthogonal connection with acceptor moieties. Herein, we report highly efficient deep-blue TADF emitters composed of phenazasiline donor and triazine acceptor combined with methyl-substituted phenylene linkers. As a series of methyl-substituted linker-based TADF emitters, we also synthesized spiroacridine donor-based sky-blue TADF emitters to study the effect of methyl-substituted linkers on the photophysical properties of TADF emitters. Deeper blue emissions of TADF emitters were obtained by substituting either one or two methyl groups at the phenylene linker of TADF molecules, and a small singlet–triplet gap below 0.2 eV was maintained for efficient reverse intersystem crossing. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with spiroacridine-based TADF emitters, TTSA and TXSA, showed external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 27.9 and 20.7% with sky-blue emission of Commision Internationale de L’Eclairage (CIE) color coordinates of (0.158, 0.283) and (0.154, 0.251), respectively. With phenazasiline-based TADF emitters, TTAZ and TXAZ, highly efficient deep-blue OLEDs were realized with EQEs of 23.7 and 16% with improved CIE coordinates of (0.148, 0.158) and (0.148, 0.131), respectively.

To develop an economical, efficient, and highly stable electrode having high transmittance modulation, thin films of tungsten trioxide (WO3) were deposited on an Indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by using simple one-step pulse voltage electrodeposition (PVE) and continuous voltage electrodeposition (CVE) routes. Electrochemical and optical analyses demonstrated that the WO3 electrode prepared by PVE possessed high switching speed, high coloration efficiency, and excellent cyclic stability. Moreover, its stable performance in the colored state extended for a long duration even after the voltage was cutoff. The coloration efficiency values were determined to be 69.00 and 43.00 cm2/C for W-PVE-600s and W-CVE-200s, respectively. The excellent electrochemical and electrochromic properties were mainly attributed to large surface area of W-PVE-600s, which facilitated charge transfer and promoted insertion/exertion of H+ ions in electrolytes better than the WO3 electrode prepared by conventional methods. The significant electrocatalytic activity and stable performance have proved that the proposed W-PVE-600s film can be an alternative to conventional electrodes used in smart window technology applications.

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the most common extrinsic cause of elbow contracture. However, associated ulnar neuropathy at the elbow due to HO is uncommon. The purpose of the study is to describe the surgical management and investigate the effect of operative treatment of HO about the ulnar nerve on neuropathic symptoms. A retrospective review of all patients treated with bony encasement of the ulnar nerve secondary to HO over a 13-year period was performed. All patients underwent surgery for clinically symptomatic or debilitating HO of the elbow. Each patient received HO prophylaxis postoperatively. Subjects underwent regimented physical therapy and utilized a continuous passive motion machine in the postoperative period. Eighteen elbows with complete bony encasement of the ulnar nerve were identified (13 burns, 4 trauma, 1 closed head injury). There was a statistically significant decrease in ulnar neuropathy symptoms, as evidenced by a reduction of mean McGowan grade (1.5 to 1, P<0.02). Twenty-five percent of symptomatic patients (4/16) had complete resolution of their neuropathy symptoms. The mean arc of motion improved from 14 to 98 degrees following surgery and rehabilitation. Comparison of preoperative and postoperative motion demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in elbow extension, flexion, and total arc of motion (P<0.01). Average time from initial visit until surgery was 266 days (range, 76 to 797 d), while mean postoperative follow-up was 16 months (range, 1 to 51 mo). Surgical management combined with postoperative HO prophylaxis may be an effective treatment for treating patients with HO of the elbow with bony encasement of the ulnar nerve, resulting in superior range of motion and improved or resolved ulnar neuropathy.Level of Evidence: Level IV.

Recent developments in genome sequencing have expanded the knowledge of genetic factors associated with late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Among them, genetic variant ε4 of the APOEgene (APOE4) confers the greatest disease risk. Dysregulated glucose metabolism is an early pathological feature of AD. Using isogenic ApoE3 and ApoE4 astrocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells, we find that ApoE4 increases glycolytic activity but impairs mitochondrial respiration in astrocytes. Ultrastructural and autophagy flux analyses show that ApoE4-induced cholesterol accumulation impairs lysosome-dependent removal of damaged mitochondria. Acute treatment with cholesterol-depleting agents restores autophagic activity, mitochondrial dynamics, and associated proteomes, and extended treatment rescues mitochondrial respiration in ApoE4 astrocytes. Taken together, our study provides a direct link between ApoE4-induced lysosomal cholesterol accumulation and abnormal oxidative phosphorylation.

The electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) can be improved by developing new structural composite materials. Therefore, this study uses a hydrothermal technique to produce flower-like SnS2anchored on H-g-C3N4(honeycomb-like g-C3N4) nanosheets. At higher current densities, the SnS2-H-g-C3N4-HC composite demonstrates superior cycle stability, high-rate capacity, and structural integrity for LIBs. The LIBs that employ SnS2-H-g-C3N4-HC as an anode exhibit high-rate performance, long-term stability, and a high discharge capacity of 370.7 mAh g−1at 10C after 3000 cycles with a 100.3 % coulombic efficiency. The enormous surface area of the SnS2-H-g-C3N4-HC composite electrode provides highly active sites and increases the passage of lithium ions during charge and discharge cycles. It is also responsible for the outstanding electrochemical performance of the electrode. Further, the SnS2-H-g-C3N4-HC composite electrode has a synergistic effect that lowers the charge-transfer resistance, making it possible for Sn and lithium ions (Li+) to react during charge and discharge cycles. H-g-C3N4, which acts as a spacer, can buffer changes in volume effectively and reduce SnS2electrode collapse or clumping after many cycles.

Peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. Reduced PGC-1α abundance is linked to skeletal muscle weakness in aging or pathological conditions, such as neurodegenerative diseases and diabetes; thus, elevating PGC-1α abundance might be a promising strategy to treat muscle aging. Here, we performed high-throughput screening and identified a natural compound, farnesol, as a potent inducer of PGC-1α. Farnesol administration enhanced oxidative muscle capacity and muscle strength, leading to metabolic rejuvenation in aged mice. Moreover, farnesol treatment accelerated the recovery of muscle injury associated with enhanced muscle stem cell function. The protein expression of Parkin-interacting substrate (PARIS/Zfp746), a transcriptional repressor of PGC-1α, was elevated in aged muscles, likely contributing to PGC-1α reduction. The beneficial effect of farnesol on aged muscle was mediated through enhanced PARIS farnesylation, thereby relieving PARIS-mediated PGC-1α suppression. Furthermore, short-term exercise increased PARIS farnesylation in the muscles of young and aged mice, whereas long-term exercise decreased PARIS expression in the muscles of aged mice, leading to the elevation of PGC-1α. Collectively, the current study demonstrated that the PARIS–PGC-1α pathway is linked to muscle aging and that farnesol treatment can restore muscle functionality in aged mice through increased farnesylation of PARIS.

Lip cancer is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity and the second most common cancer in the head and neck. Typically, squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip [...]

An analysis of a pyroprocessing safeguards methodology employing the Pu-to-244Cm ratio is presented. The analysis includes characterization of representative used nuclear fuel assemblies with respect to computed nuclide composition. The nuclide composition data computationally generated is appropriately reformatted to correspond with the material conditions after each step in the head-end stage of pyroprocessing. Uncertainty in the Pu-to-244Cm ratio is evaluated using the Geary-Hinkley transformation method. This is because the Pu-to-244Cm ratio is a Cauchy distribution since it is the ratio of two normally distributed random variables. The calculated uncertainty of the Pu-to-244Cm ratio is propagated through the mass flow stream in the pyroprocessing steps. Finally, the probability of Type-I error for the plutonium Material Unaccounted For (MUF) is evaluated by the hypothesis testing method as a function of the sizes of powder particles and granules, which are dominant parameters to determine the sample size. The results show the probability of Type-I error is occasionally greater than 5%. However, increasing granule sample sizes could surmount the weakness of material accounting because of the non-uniformity of nuclide composition.

ABSTRACTUnderstanding of chemical bonding is a fundamentally important topic. Given the importance of bonding studies, we performed quantum calculations on plutonium chloro complexes (PuClx(III) and PuClx(IV)) that are believed to form as molten chloride salts during nuclear waste treatment. The result of these calculations was verified by comparing them to experimental data on a similar actinide chloro complex. Charge and bond order analyses of the complexes provide insight into the electronic properties, bonding, and nuclear magnetic resonance characteristics of the plutonium chloro complexes. The chemical shift of the Pu(III) complexes are found to be negative while those of Pu(IV) are positive.

The GnF/SU-8 composites are new polymer matrix composites (PMCs) composed of graphite nanoflakes (GnFs) bound together by SU-8 photoresist. The PMCs therefore have excellent ultraviolet (UV) photopatternability and high electrical properties. In spite of the unique material properties of GnF/SU-8 composites, much still remains uncertain about their controllability in both UV photopatternability and electrical properties. Here, we investigate 7 kinds of GnF/SU-8 composites having different GnF concentrations of 5.0 to 25.0 wt.% to characterize the changes in the UV photopatternability (i.e., polymerized thickness and photopattern quality) and electrical conductivity of GnF/SU-8 composites caused by a variation in GnF concentration. The polymerized thickness of GnF/SU-8 composites is measured to be in the range of 4.06 to 23.99 μm, which is inversely proportional to GnF concentration and also directly proportional to UV dose (i.e., 345 to 3,450 mJ/cm2) because of the screening effect of GnF existed in the composites; the photopattern quality at the edge is in inverse proportion to GnF concentration. An increase in GnF concentration leads to a significant change in the electrical conductivity of GnF/SU-8 composites in a proportional way (up to 25.34 S/m). The GnF/SU-8 composites are expected to be widely used as UV photopatternable and electrically conductive PMCs for diverse engineering applications.

The graphite nanoflake (GnF)-reinforced polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites (GnF/PDMS composites) are developed as new polymer matrix composites (PMCs) with controllable mechanoelectrical properties. Here, we investigate the effect of GnF concentration on the mechanoelectrical properties (i.e., elastic modulus, fracture strain, and conductivity) of GnF/PDMS composites; the change in the surface morphology of GnF/PDMS composites caused by a variation in GnF concentration is also explored. The mechanoelectrical properties are measured by performing tensile tests on the GnF/PDMS composite specimens with different GnF concentrations of 5.0, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 20.0, and 25.0 wt.%. The surface morphology is analyzed in terms of internal void formation and surface roughness. The elastic modulus is measured to be in the range of 1.62 to 13.8 MPa which is proportional to GnF concentration, while the fracture strain and electrical conductivity are respectively characterized to be in ranges of 0.09 to 2.09 and 0.3 to 221.0 S/m which are in inverse proportion to GnF concentration. An increase in GnF concentration leads to increases in internal voids’ amount and surface roughness. The GnF/PDMS composites can be used as sensing materials for detecting both small and large deformations in a variety of engineering applications.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of peripheral-type vertigo in the elderly. While some studies have investigated BPPV among the elderly, no study has focused on the isolated idiopathic BPPV (iBPPV) in the elderly. To investigate the clinical features and recurrence rate in elderly patients diagnosed with iBPPV. The authors prospectively reviewed the medical records of 627 patients diagnosed with BPPV, and a total of 370 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The subjects were divided into two groups by age (experimental group ≥65 years and control group 17–64 years), and the gender, numbers of canalith reposition maneuver (CRM) for successful treatment, time elapsed from onset of symptoms to clinic visit, the affected semicircular canal, and the 1- and 5-year recurrence proportion were analyzed. The gender, numbers of CRM for successful treatment, affected semicircular canal, and the 1- and 5-year recurrence proportion showed no statistically significant difference between two groups (p> 0.05). The only exception was the experimental group which took a longer duration from manifestation of symptoms to hospital visit than control group (student’s ttest, p= 0.021). Several previous studies report that the elderly with iBPPV shows more protracted clinical course and much higher recurrence rate than younger adult. Unlike those reports, our study showed no significant differences about the clinical features and recurrence rate between age groups. The elderly with iBPPV could be treated as effective as general population.

A new methodology, the crack–spallation model, has been developed to analyze gas–solid reactions dominated by crack growth inside of the solid reactant and spallation phenomena. The new model physically represents three processes of the reaction progress: (1) diffusion of gas reactant through pores; (2) growth of product particle in pores; and (3) crack and spallation of solid reactant. The validation of this method has been conducted by comparison of results obtained in an experiment for oxidation of UO2and the shrinking core model. The reaction progress evaluated by the crack–spallation model shows better agreement with the experimental data than that evaluated by the shrinking core model. To understand the trigger point during the reaction progress, a detailed analysis has been conducted. A parametric study also has been performed to determine mass diffusivities of the gas reactant and volume increase constants of the product particles. This method can be appropriately applied to the gas–solid reaction based on the crack and spallation phenomena such as the voloxidation process.

Background: There is no consensus on the optimal treatment or preferred method of operation for the management of acute deltoid ligament injuries during an ankle fracture fixation. This study aimed to analyze the outcomes of repairing the deltoid ligament during the fixation of an ankle fracture compared to conservative management.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 78 consecutive cases of a ruptured deltoid ligament with an associated ankle fracture between 2001 and 2016. All of the ankle fractures were treated with a plate and screw fixation. Patients in the conservative treatment for ruptured deltoid ligament underwent management from 2001 to 2008 (37 fractures, group 1), while the operative treatment for ruptured deltoid ligament was included from 2009 to 2016 (41 fractures, group 2). The outcome measures included radiographic findings, the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot scores, visual analog scale scores, and the Foot Function Index. All patients were followed for an average of 17 months.Results: Radiologic findings in both groups were comparable, but the final follow-up of the medial clear space (MCS) was significantly smaller in the group 2 (P <.01). Clinical outcomes were similar between the two groups (P >.05). Comparing those who underwent syndesmotic fixation between both groups, group 2 showed a significantly smaller final follow-up MCS, and all clinical outcomes were better in group 2 (P <.05). Linear regression analysis showed that the final follow-up MCS had a significant influence on clinical outcomes (P <.05).Conclusion: Although the clinical outcomes were not significantly different between the 2 groups, we obtained a more favorable final follow-up MCS in the deltoid repair group. Particularly when accompanied by a syndesmotic injury, the final follow-up MCS and the clinical outcomes were better in the deltoid repair group. In the case of high-grade unstable fractures of the ankle with syndesmotic instability, a direct repair of the deltoid ligament was adequate for restoring medial stability.Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative case series.

Antiferromagnetic spintronics is an emerging research field which aims to utilize antiferromagnets as core elements in spintronic devices. A central motivation towards this direction is that antiferromagnetic spin dynamics is expected to be much faster than its ferromagnetic counterpart. Recent theories indeed predicted faster dynamics of antiferromagnetic domain walls (DWs) than ferromagnetic DWs. However, experimental investigations of antiferromagnetic spin dynamics have remained unexplored, mainly because of the magnetic field immunity of antiferromagnets. Here we show that fast field-driven antiferromagnetic spin dynamics is realized in ferrimagnets at the angular momentum compensation point TA. Using rare earth–3d-transition metal ferrimagnetic compounds where net magnetic moment is nonzero at TA, the field-driven DW mobility is remarkably enhanced up to 20 km s−1T−1. The collective coordinate approach generalized for ferrimagnets and atomistic spin model simulations show that this remarkable enhancement is a consequence of antiferromagnetic spin dynamics at TA. Our finding allows us to investigate the physics of antiferromagnetic spin dynamics and highlights the importance of tuning of the angular momentum compensation point of ferrimagnets, which could be a key towards ferrimagnetic spintronics.

Submandibular gland excision is traditionally performed via the transcervical approach. In an effort to avoid or reduce visible scarring and nerve injury, diverse innovative surgical trials have been conducted. We [...]

Extraction of minerals from fresh and dried macroalgae kelp (Saccharina japonica) was investigated to get better biomass resource for biorefinery. At a solid to liquid ratio of 1:6 (w/v), 2h extraction, and 30°C, inorganic extraction efficiency (Einorg) and total efficiency (Etot) using water were respectively 76.88 and 50.82% for fresh biomass while those of dried biomass were 72.99 and 65.79%. For fresh biomass extraction using ethanol, Einorg(74.19%) and Etot(42.21%) were much higher than for dried biomass with 7.29% Einorgand 1.21% Etot. With 10% ethanol, Einorgwere similar for both materials, however, higher ratio of inorganic to organic extraction efficiency (rE) (5.48) were obtained for fresh biomass compared to lower rE(2.02) for dried biomass. The rEfor fresh biomass was higher (13.80) than that for dried biomass (1.32) using water at 1:4 solid to liquid ratio, suggesting that fresh kelp is better feedstock for bioenergy production.

Here we studied the charge storage mechanism of single and few layer graphene as anodes for lithium-ion batteries. The graphene was synthesized through a chemical vapor deposition process. Through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman, the as-synthesized graphene was found not to be oxidized nor to contain defects. To obtain electrodes, the graphene was transferred layer by layer onto a copper substrate. In the electrochemical measurements, the single layer graphene exhibited almost identical cyclic voltammogram and capacity to the bare copper substrate, indicative of incapability for charge storage. However, the charge capacity and capacitance gradually increased with the number of graphene layers when additional graphene sheets were transferred onto the single layer graphene. We also demonstrated that defects introduced through ozone treatment decreased the charge storage performance in terms of coulombic efficiency and stability

Respiratory dysfunction is a notorious cause of perinatal mortality in infants and sleep apnoea in adults, but the mechanisms of respiratory control are not clearly understood. Mechanical signals transduced by airway-innervating sensory neurons control respiration; however, the physiological significance and molecular mechanisms of these signals remain obscured. Here we show that global and sensory neuron-specific ablation of the mechanically activated ion channel Piezo2 causes respiratory distress and death in newborn mice. Optogenetic activation of Piezo2+vagal sensory neurons causes apnoea in adult mice. Moreover, induced ablation of Piezo2 in sensory neurons of adult mice causes decreased neuronal responses to lung inflation, an impaired Hering–Breuer mechanoreflex, and increased tidal volume under normal conditions. These phenotypes are reproduced in mice lacking Piezo2 in the nodose ganglion. Our data suggest that Piezo2 is an airway stretch sensor and that Piezo2-mediated mechanotransduction within various airway-innervating sensory neurons is critical for establishing efficient respiration at birth and maintaining normal breathing in adults.

The N-Graphene/SiOC nanosphere composite was prepared using the thermal polymerization method. Investigations were focused on the structural, morphological, chemical composition, and lithium-ion storage capabilities of N-Graphene/SiOC. The amorphous nature and nanosphere morphology of N-Graphene/SiOC was established by XRD and TEM results. The existence of a distorted carbon phase in both SiOC and N-Graphene/SiOC was revealed by Raman spectrum investigations. The presence of nitrogen elements in the composite has released additional electrons and attracted lithium-ions during the charge/discharge process. The nanosphere composites have good reversibility and capacity retention, which was represented by the cyclic voltammetry study. The nanosphere composite has delivered the initial discharge capacity of 1324 mAhg−1at a current density of 100 mAg−1, which was higher than 850 mAhg−1for SiOC and 219.8 mAhg−1for g-C3N4anode materials in lithium-ion battery applications. After 1000 cycles at a current density of 1000 mAg−1, the specific capacity retention was 415.8 mAhg−1for N-Graphene/SiOC. It shows the coulombic efficiency at around 99 %, with 67 % capacity retention in the 1000th cycle. Moreover, nanosphere N-Graphene/SiOC exhibited excellent electrochemical activity, demonstrating high lithium-ion storage capability as an anode material for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.

Objectives: The indications and benefits of surgery in the management of pediatric acute suppurative cervical lymphadenitis (ASCL) remain unclear. We aimed to design a management protocol focusing on the avoidance of unnecessary operation in pediatric ASCL patients.Methods: The study population consisted of 45 pediatric patients with ASCL treated with antibiotics alone and 30 surgically treated patients. The primary outcome was the determination of differences in patient characteristics and radiologic findings in the 2 groups. The secondary outcome, after matching 20 cases with 20 controls, was to determine the benefits of surgery to patients.Results: There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in patient characteristics and radiologic findings at initial presentation. In the matched case-control analysis, intravenous antibiotics alone yielded successful treatment outcomes when compared with surgery, with no significant differences in time to symptom resolution, normalized laboratory test results, and duration of hospitalization (all P> .05).Conclusions: The size and location of suppurated lymph nodes are not absolute determinants for surgical drainage in the stable pediatric ASCL patients. If patients show no clinical improvements despite appropriate second- and third-line antibiotics, patients should be carefully reevaluated and image-guided aspiration considered.

An 18-year-old boy with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva lost weight at an accelerated rate due to gastrointestinal symptoms, resulting in a weight loss of 36 kg in 1 year. His first outpatient abdominal computed tomography (CT) result was unremarkable. Since the patient had biliary vomiting during hospitalization, his CT was reexamined, and the superior mesenteric artery syndrome diagnosis was confirmed. Thus, clinicians must consider superior mesenteric artery syndrome when presented with weight loss.

An effective healing response is critical to healthy aging. In particular, energy homeostasis has become increasingly recognized as a factor in effective skin regeneration. ANT2 is a mediator of adenosine triphosphate import into mitochondria for energy homeostasis. Although energy homeostasis and mitochondrial integrity are critical for wound healing, the role played by ANT2 in the repair process had not been elucidated to date. In our study, we found that ANT2 expression decreased in aged skin and cellular senescence. Interestingly, overexpression of ANT2 in aged mouse skin accelerated the healing of full-thickness cutaneous wounds. In addition, upregulation of ANT2 in replicative senescent human diploid dermal fibroblasts induced their proliferation and migration, which are critical processes in wound healing. Regarding energy homeostasis, ANT2 overexpression increased the adenosine triphosphate production rate by activating glycolysis and induced mitophagy. Notably, ANT2-mediated upregulation of HSPA6 in aged human diploid dermal fibroblasts downregulated proinflammatory genes that mediate cellular senescence and mitochondrial damage. This study shows a previously uncharacterized physiological role of ANT2 in skin wound healing by regulating cell proliferation, energy homeostasis, and inflammation. Thus, our study links energy metabolism to skin homeostasis and reports, to the best of our knowledge, a previously unreported genetic factor that enhances wound healing in an aging model.

Non-uniformity of Pu and Cm composition in used nuclear fuel was analyzed to determine its effect on Pu accountancy in pyroprocessing, while employing the Pu-to-244Cm ratio method. Burnup simulation of a typical pressurized water reactor fuel assembly, required for the analysis, was carried out using MCNP code. Used fuel nuclide composition, as a function of nine axial and two radial meshes, were evaluated. The axial variation of neutron flux and self-shielding effects were found to affect the uniformity of Pu and Cm compositions and in turn the Pu-to-244Cm ratio. However, the results of the study showed that these non-uniformities do not affect the use of Pu-to-244Cm ratio method for Pu accountancy, if the measurement samples are drawn from the voloxidized powder at the feed step of pyroprocessing. ‘Material Unaccounted For’ and its uncertainty estimates are also presented for a pyrprocessing facility to verify safeguards monitoring requirements of the IAEA.

ABSTRACTCancer immunotherapy approaches target signaling pathways that are highly synonymous between CD4 and CD8 T-cell subsets and, therefore, often stimulate nonspecific lymphocyte activation, resulting in cytotoxicity to otherwise healthy tissue. The goal of our study was to identify intrinsic modulators of basic T lymphocyte activation pathways that could discriminately bolster CD8 anti-tumor effector responses. Using a Tbc1d10cnull mouse, we observed marked resistance to a range of tumor types conferred by Tbc1d10cdeficiency. Moreover, tumor-bearing Tbc1d10cnull mice receiving PD-1 or CTLA-4 monotherapy exhibited a 33% or 90% cure rate, respectively. While Tbc1d10cwas not expressed in solid tumor cells, Tbc1d10cdisruption selectively augmented CD8 T-cell activation and cytotoxic effector responses and adoptive transfer of CD8 T cells alone was sufficient to recapitulate Tbc1d10cnull tumor resistance. Mechanistically, Tbc1d10c suppressed CD8 T-cell activation and anti-tumor function by intersecting canonical NF-κB pathway activation via regulation of Map3k3-mediated IKKβ phosphorylation. Strikingly, none of these cellular or molecular perturbations in the NF-κB pathway were featured in Tbc1d10cnull CD4 T cells. Our findings identify a Tbc1d10c-Map3k3-NF-κB signaling axis as a viable therapeutic target to promote CD8 T-cell anti-tumor immunity while circumventing CD4 T cell-associated cytotoxicity and NF-κB activation in tumor cells.