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The release of virulence factors and biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosaare pivotal drivers of its severe pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance. Based on our prior findings, cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) G-quadruplex inducers are promising biofilm inhibitors and that quorum sensing systems are central regulators of virulence, we aimed to design and synthesize c-di-GMP G-quadruplex inducer-quorum sensing inhibitor hybrids. These hybrids were envisioned as bifunctional agents with both antibiofilm and antivirulence capabilities. Hybrids A7and A11, characterized by their quinoline and 3-indole rings, emerged as potent inhibitors. They achieve this dual action by inducing c-di-GMP G-quadruplex formation and disrupting the lasand pqssignaling system. Additionally, hybrids A7and A11attenuated virulence factors and inhibited the motility phenotypes of P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, when tested in in vivoCaenorhabditis elegansinfection models, these hybrids, in combination with antibiotics such as tetracycline, improved survival rates, all while maintaining a favorable biosafety profile.

In this study, we show that low-density polyethylene films, a prevalent choice for food packaging in everyday life, generated high numbers of microplastics (MPs) and hundreds to thousands of plastic-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) substances under simulated food preparation and storage conditions. Specifically, the plastic film generated 66–2034 MPs/cm2(size range 10–5000 μm) under simulated aging conditions involving microwave irradiation, heating, steaming, UV irradiation, refrigeration, freezing, and freeze–thaw cycling alongside contact with water, which were 15–453 times that of the control (plastic film immersed in water without aging). We also noticed a substantial release of plastic-derived DOM. Using ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry, we identified 321–1414 analytes with molecular weights ranging from 200 to 800 Da, representing plastic-derived DOM containing C, H, and O. The DOM substances included both degradation products of polyethylene (including oxidized forms of oligomers) and toxic plastic additives. Interestingly, although no apparent oxidation was observed for the plastic film under aging conditions, plastic-derived DOM was more oxidized (average O/C increased by 27–46%) following aging with a higher state of carbon saturation and higher polarity. These findings highlight the future need to assess risks associated with MP and DOM release from plastic wraps.

Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP) is characterized by profound thrombocytopenia and consumptive coagulopathy associated with vascular tumors, such as Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE). The pathogenesis of KMP remains unclear and its treatment is challenging. In this study, we tried to establish an animal model of KMP, which may facilitate the research on the etiology and new treatment.

The contact-reactive brazing of Al0.3CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys with a Nb interlayer was researched. The effects of Nb thickness and brazing temperature on the interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of Al0.3CoCrFeNi joints were investigated. The results show that with Nb thickness increasing from 10 to 100 μm, the average width of Al0.3CoCrFeNi joints is increased from 127 to 492 μm and the erosion volume of Al0.3CoCrFeNi base metals (BMs) by face-centered cubic-Nb eutectic liquid is enlarged accordingly. With increasing brazing temperature from 1280 to 1360 °C, the intergranular penetration of eutectic liquid into Al0.3CoCrFeNi BMs becomes more severe and lamellar Laves phase is broken-up and spherized. The shear strength of joint is increased gradually from 374 to 486 MPa and then decreased to 475 MPa. The maximum shear strength value of 486 MPa is obtained when brazing at 1340 °C for 10 min, reaching about 78% of the shear strength of Al0.3CoCrFeNi BMs. Besides, the brazing mechanism was analyzed in details.

The dissimilar brazing of Nb521 niobium alloy to GH99 superalloy was achieved successfully using Ti–35Ni brazing filler under vacuum. The effects of brazing temperature and holding time were systematically analyzed on the interfacial microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of joints. The joints brazed at 1120 °C for 10 min exhibited a typical interfacial structure composed of Nb521/β-(Nb, Ti) + TiNi/TiNi + Ti2Ni/TiNi + TiNi3/Cr-rich TiNi/Ti-rich (Ni, Cr)ss/(Ni, Cr)ss/GH99. The findings indicated that as the brazing temperature or holding time increased, the presence of brittle Ti2Ni compounds decreased while the formation of TiNi3gradually increased and tended to coarsen. The shear strength of joints exhibited variations corresponding to changes in interfacial brittle compound, and reached the highest value of 121 MPa at 1120 °C for 10 min. In the context of shear testing, all joints displayed clear brittle fracture patterns, with fractures predominantly occurring at the brittle compounds, namely, Ti2Ni and TiNi3phases.

ABSTRACTElectroplating wastewater contains chromium ions, zinc ions, and nickel ions due to the emergence of a multi-layer plating process and unified treatment of mixed wastewater. The effects of coexisting zinc and nickel ions on crystallization behaviour and properties of spinel synthesised in chromium-containing wastewater by ferrite method were investigated in the study. The results indicated that the quality of the supernatant and the stability of synthetic products were barely affected. However, the magnetic property of the synthetic products was significantly increased when the concentration ratio of zinc and nickel ions was appropriate. With the extension of stirring time, the stability of the synthetic product increased, but the crystallinity gradually decreased. Chromium and zinc ions entered the synthetic products preferentially over nickel ions during ferrite synthesis. In addition, the morphology of the synthetic products was irregular and dense, and the lustre distribution was uniform. The distributions of iron, chromium, zinc, nickel and oxygen were overlapped, owing to a single spinel, and the molecular formula of synthetic products was speculated as ${\rm F}{\rm e}_{\rm x}{\rm C}{\rm r}_{\rm y}{\rm Z}{\rm n}_{\rm z}{\rm N}{\rm i}_{\rm n}{\rm O}_ 4$FexCryZnzNinO4(3.53 < x < 3.99, 0.2 < y < 0.36, 0.04 < z < 0.05, 0.03 < n < 0.05). Finally, the transport model of metal ions in the mixed wastewater was established, and the synthesis mechanism was revealed.

Based on experimental data, machine learning (ML) models for Young’s modulus, hardness, and hot-working ability of Ti-based alloys were constructed. In the models, the interdiffusion and mechanical property data were high-throughput re-evaluated from composition variations and nanoindentation data of diffusion couples. Then, the Ti−(22±0.5)at.%Nb−(30±0.5)at.%Zr−(4±0.5)at.%Cr (TNZC) alloy with a single body-centered cubic (BCC) phase was screened in an interactive loop. The experimental results exhibited a relatively low Young’s modulus of (58±4) GPa, high nanohardness of (3.4±0.2) GPa, high microhardness of HV (520±5), high compressive yield strength of (1220±18) MPa, large plastic strain greater than 30%, and superior dry- and wet-wear resistance. This work demonstrates that ML combined with high-throughput analytic approaches can offer a powerful tool to accelerate the design of multicomponent Ti alloys with desired properties. Moreover, it is indicated that TNZC alloy is an attractive candidate for biomedical applications.

Diamond tools have been widely used in national defense military, automobile manufacturing, resource exploitation and other fields. Laser brazing diamond technology is often applied to the preparation of diamond tools. However, the formation and expansion of cracks in the process of laser brazing diamond seriously affect the mechanical properties of diamond tools. In order to solve the crack problem of laser brazing diamond, many scholars are committed to the research on improving the solder, optimizing the laser process parameters, improving the laser brazing equipment, optimizing the design of joint form, and developing ultrasonic-assisted laser brazing technology, etc. These studies have achieved certain results. Aiming at the research status of laser brazing diamond crack problem, the crack characteristics of brazing diamond are firstly introduced, and the formation reasons of laser brazing diamond crack are elaborated. Then, the elemental characteristics of brazing filler metals used in brazing diamond are introduced. The influences of Ni–Cr and Ag–Cu–Ti alloy solder and laser process parameters on the crack problem are viewed. Finally, the solutions to the crack problem by scholars at home and abroad in recent years are summarized, and the future research directions to solve crack problem are prospected.

The vacuum diffusion bonding method was used to introduce Al foil as the middle layer, and 6061 aluminium alloy was vacuum diffusion bonding together. The typical microstructure characteristics and mechanical properties of 6061/Al/6061 welded joints were studied in detail, the effects of process parameters and Al intermediate layer on the microstructure and mechanical properties were revealed, and the diffusion bonding mechanism of 6061/Al/6061 welded joints was described. Al foil middle layer welded joint had the best performance at the temperature of 540 °C, the holding time of 120 min, and the welding pressure of 4 MPa. The bonding ratio is 95.91%, the shear strength is 79 MPa, and the deformation rate is 8.05%, and the introduction of Al intermediate layer improves the element distribution and microstructure, so that the bonding ratio of the welded joint is increased by 10.86%, the shear strength is increased by 5.55 MPa, and the deformation rate is reduced by 1.58%. The fracture morphology has typical ductile fracture characteristics.

The biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosainvolves multiple complex regulatory pathways; thus, blocking a single pathway is unlikely to achieve the desired antibiofilm efficacy. Herein, a series of hybrids of 3-hydroxypyridin-4(1H)-ones and long-chain 4-aminoquinolines were synthesized as biofilm inhibitors against P. aeruginosabased on a multipathway antibiofilm strategy. Comprehensive structure–activity relationship studies identified compound 30bas the most valuable antagonist, which significantly inhibited P. aeruginosabiofilm formation (IC50= 5.8 μM) and various virulence phenotypes. Mechanistic studies revealed that 30bnot only targets the three quorum sensing systems but also strongly induces iron deficiency signals in P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, 30bdemonstrated a favorable in vitroand in vivosafety profile. Moreover, 30bspecifically enhanced the antibacterial activity of tobramycin and polymyxin B in in vitroand in vivocombination therapy. Overall, these results highlight the potential of 30bas a novel anti-infective candidate for treating P. aeruginosainfections.

An efficient photocatalytic protocol combining heterogeneous semiconductors as photocatalysts and NHPI as a redox reagent was disclosed. Under this protocol, 3-sulfonylquinolines were formed in up to 92% yield via a multicomponent radical cascade annulation. Good substituent tolerance and gram-scale reaction showed the potential in fine chemicals modification and pharmaceutical synthesis.

Hypothesis: In this communication, we test the hypothesis that sulfotransferase 1C2 (SULT1C2, UniProt accession no. Q9WUW8) can modulate mitochondrial respiration by increasing state-III respiration. Methods and results: Using freshly isolated mitochondria, the addition of SULT1C2 and 3-phosphoadenosine 5 phosphosulfate (PAPS) results in an increased maximal respiratory capacity in response to the addition of succinate, ADP, and rotenone. Lipidomics and thin-layer chromatography of mitochondria treated with SULT1C2 and PAPS showed an increase in the level of cholesterol sulfate. Notably, adding cholesterol sulfate at nanomolar concentration to freshly isolated mitochondria also increases maximal respiratory capacity. In vivo studies utilizing gene delivery of SULT1C2 expression plasmids to kidneys result in increased mitochondrial membrane potential and confer resistance to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Mitochondria isolated from gene-transduced kidneys have elevated state-III respiration as compared with controls, thereby recapitulating results obtained with mitochondrial fractions treated with SULT1C2 and PAPS. Conclusion: SULT1C2 increases mitochondrial respiratory capacity by modifying cholesterol, resulting in increased membrane potential and maximal respiratory capacity. This finding uncovers a unique role of SULT1C2 in cellular physiology and extends the role of sulfotransferases in modulating cellular metabolism.

FeTiO3has emerged as an interesting semiconductor photocatalyst in organic synthesis. We herein describe a visible-light-induced semiheterogeneous strategy for the synthesis of 3-(2-oxoethyl)indolin-2-ones with moderate to good yields and good functional group compatibility using recyclable FeTiO3as a photocatalyst and NHPI as a redox catalyst.

Despite the widespread prevalence and important medical impact of insomnia, effective agents with few side effects are lacking in clinics. This is most likely due to relatively poor understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of insomnia, and the lack of appropriate animal models for screening new compounds. As the main homeostatic, circadian, and neurochemical modulations of sleep remain essentially similar between humans and rodents, rodent models are often used to elucidate the mechanisms of insomnia and to develop novel therapeutic targets. In this article, we focus on several rodent models of insomnia induced by stress, diseases, drugs, disruption of the circadian clock, and other means such as genetic manipulation of specific neuronal activity, respectively, which could be used to screen for novel hypnotics. Moreover, important advantages and constraints of some animal models are discussed. Finally, this review highlights that the rodent models of insomnia may play a crucial role in novel drug development to optimize the management of insomnia.

In high-level nuclear waste (HLW) repositories, concrete and compacted bentonite are designed to be employed as buffer materials, which may raise a problem of interactions between concrete and bentonite. These interactions would lead to mineralogy transformation and buffer performance decay of bentonite under the near field environment conditions in a repository. A small-scale experimental setup was established to simulate the concrete-bentonite-site water interaction system from a potential nuclear waste repository in China. Three types of mortars were prepared to correspond to the concrete at different degradation states. The results permit the determination of the following: (1) The macro-properties of Gaomiaozi (GMZ) bentonite (e.g. swelling pressure, permeability, the final dry density, and water content of reacted samples); (2) The composition evolution of fluids from the synthetic site water-concrete-bentonite interaction systems; (3) The sample characterization including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Under the infiltration of the synthesis Beishan site water (BSW), the swelling pressure of bentonite decreases slowly with time after reaching its second swelling peak. The flux decreases with time during the infiltrations, and it tends to be stable after more than 120 d. Due to the cation exchange reactions in the BSW-concrete-bentonite systems, the divalent cations (Ca and Mg) were consumed, and the monovalent cations (Na and K) were released. The dissolution of minerals in the bentonite such as albite causes Si increasing in the pore water. It was concluded that the hydro-mechanical property degradation of bentonite takes place when it comes into contact with concrete mortar, even under low-pH groundwater conditions. The soil dispersion, the uneven water content, and the uneven dry density in bentonite samples may partly contribute to the swelling decay of bentonite. Therefore, the direct contact with concrete has an obvious effect on the performance of bentonite.

In the high-level radioactive waste (HLW) deep geological repository, bentonite is compacted uniaxially, and then arranged vertically in engineered barriers. The assembly scheme induces the initial anisotropy, and with hydration, it develops more evidently under chemical conditions. To investigate the anisotropic swelling of compacted Gaomiaozi (GMZ) bentonite and the further response to saline effects, a series of constant-volume swelling pressure tests were performed. Results showed that dry density enhanced the bentonite swelling and raised the final anisotropy, whereas saline inhibited the bentonite swelling but still promoted the final anisotropy. The final anisotropy coefficient (ratio of radial to axial pressure) obeyed the Boltzmann sigmoid attenuation function, decreasing with concentration and dry density, converging to a minimum value of 0.76. The staged evolution of anisotropy coefficient was discovered, that saline inhibited the rise of the anisotropy coefficient (Δδ) in the isotropic process greater than the valley (δ1) in the anisotropic process, leading to the final anisotropy increasing. The isotropic stage amplified the impact of soil structure rearrangement on the macro-swelling pressure values. Thus, a new method for predicting swelling pressures of compacted bentonite was proposed, by expanding the equations of Gouy-Chapman theory with a dissipative wedge term. An evolutionary function was constructed, revealing the correlation between the occurrence time and the pressure value due to the structure rearrangement and the former crystalline swelling. Accordingly, a design reference for dry density was given, based on the chemical conditions around the pre-site in Beishan, China. The anisotropy promoted by saline would cause a greater drop of radial pressure, making the previous threshold on axial swelling fail.

Understanding the lattice evolution of hexanitrostilbene (HNS) is crucial for ensuring its safety and reliability under shock loading. However, the lack of in situ, real-time diagnostics has limited the availability of lattice parameters for shock-loaded explosives. In this study, we utilized dynamic X-ray diffraction technology to obtain the diffraction spectrum of laser shock-loaded HNS and to determine its temporal evolution. Additionally, by improving the laser energy, we initiated HNS and obtained the diffraction spectrum of detonation products during the detonation process. The experimental results showed the presence of a diamond structure in the detonation product, suggesting the existence of either diamond or diamond-like carbon. Our research not only elucidates the crystal structure of shock-loaded HNS and its detonation products but also provides an avenue for laboratory-scale investigations into dynamically loaded explosives, which furnishing an opportunity to unveil the underlying mechanism governing explosive dynamic response behavior.

A novel electrochemical shear-thickening polishing (ESTP) technique was proposed and successfully applied to polish a 4H-SiC (000-1) workpiece. An in-depth investigation of the anodization mechanism was undertaken and nanoindentation experiments and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were conducted to analyze the physical and chemical properties of oxidation product, confirming that the oxidation product was SiO2and that the hardness decreased significantly from 21.07 GPa to 0.96 GPa after oxidation. The surfaces of 4H-SiC (000-1) workpieces were processed by ESTP at different voltages to study the relationship between the growth and removal rates of the oxide using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry. The ideal voltage balancing the growth and removal rates of the oxide was determined to be 6 V based on Faraday's electromagnetic law. After 30 min of ESTP at 6 V, the average surface roughness Sadecreased significantly from 20.5 nm to 1.4 nm and the calculated material removal rate (MRR) was as high as 255.5 nm/min. Finally, the superiority of ESTP was subsequently demonstrated through a comparison with conventional shear-thickening polishing (STP) showing that ESTP exhibited an excellent polishing effect and effectively overcame the limited MRR of STP. In addition, the removal of subsurface damage was observed during the polishing process and confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The observed phenomena demonstrate the efficient and nondestructive nature of the proposed ESTP technique, which represents an ideal polishing technology for hardy and brittle materials such as SiC.

Virtual error amplification (VEA) in visual feedback enhances attentive control over postural stability, although the neural mechanisms are still debated. This study investigated the distinct cortical control of unsteady stance in older adults using VEA through cross-frequency modulation of postural fluctuations and scalp EEG. Thirty-seven community-dwelling older adults (68.1 ± 3.6 years) maintained an upright stance on a stabilometer while receiving either VEA or real error feedback. Along with postural fluctuation dynamics, phase–amplitude coupling (PAC) and amplitude–amplitude coupling (AAC) were analyzed for postural fluctuations under 2 Hz and EEG sub-bands (theta, alpha, and beta). The results revealed a higher mean frequency of the postural fluctuation phase (p= .005) and a greater root mean square of the postural fluctuation amplitude (p= .003) with VEA compared to the control condition. VEA also reduced PAC between the postural fluctuation phase and beta-band EEG in the left frontal (p= .009), sensorimotor (p= .002), and occipital (p= .018) areas. Conversely, VEA increased the AAC of posture fluctuation amplitude and beta-band EEG in FP2 (p= .027). Neither theta nor alpha band PAC or AAC were affected by VEA. VEA optimizes postural strategies in older adults during stabilometer stance by enhancing visuospatial attentive control of postural responses and facilitating the transition of motor states against postural perturbations through a disinhibitory process. Incorporating VEA into virtual reality technology is advocated as a valuable strategy for optimizing therapeutic interventions in postural therapy, particularly to mitigate the risk of falls among older adults.

The security of wireless sensor networks is a hot topic in current research. Game theory can provide the optimal selection strategy for attackers and defenders in the attack-defense confrontation. Aiming at the problem of poor generality of previous game models, we propose a generalized Bayesian game model to analyze the intrusion detection of nodes in wireless sensor networks. Because it is difficult to solve the Nash equilibrium of the Bayesian game by the traditional method, a parallel particle swarm optimization is proposed to solve the Nash equilibrium of the Bayesian game and analyze the optimal action of the defender. The simulation results show the superiority of the parallel particle swarm optimization compared with other heuristic algorithms. This algorithm is proved to be effective in finding optimal defense strategy. The influence of the detection rate and false alarm rate of nodes on the profit of defender is analyzed by simulation experiments. Simulation experiments show that the profit of defender decreases as false alarm rate increases and decreases as detection rate decreases. Using heuristic algorithm to solve Nash equilibrium of Bayesian game provides a new method for the research of attack-defense confrontation. Predicting the actions of attacker and defender through the game model can provide ideas for the defender to take active defense.

In the context of increasingly prominent product personalization and customization trends, intelligent manufacturing-oriented turnkey projects can provide manufacturers with fast and convenient turnkey services for manufacturing systems. Their key characteristic is the transformation of the traditional design process into a configuration process. However, the scope of configuration resources in existing research is limited; the cost and time required for manufacturing system construction are overlooked; and the integration of the system layout configuration is rarely considered, making it difficult to meet the manufacturing system configuration requirements of turnkey projects. In response, this study establishes a multi-factor integrated rapid configuration model and proposes a solution method for manufacturing systems based on the requirements of turnkey projects. The configuration model considers the system construction cost and duration and the product manufacturing cost and duration, as optimization objectives. The differences in product feature-dividing schemes and configuration of processes, equipment, tools, fixtures, and layouts were considered simultaneously. The proposed model-solving method is a three-layer hybrid optimization algorithm framework with two optimization algorithm modules and an intermediate algorithm module. Four hybrid configuration algorithms are established based on non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-III (NSGAIII), non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGAII), multi-objective simulated annealing (MOSA), multi-objective neighborhood search (MONS), and tabu search (TS). These algorithms are compared and validated through a hydraulic valve block production case, and the TS and NSGAIII (TS-NSGAIII) hybrid algorithm exhibits the best performance. This case demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed model and solution method.

The damage characteristics of different speed sections of Cu−Cr−Zr alloy rail after simulated launch were studied. The microstructure, morphologies and properties of samples were investigated by using XRD, XPS, EBSD, SEM, hardness test, electrochemical test and DSC techniques. It was found that deposition layers were formed on the surfaces of the simulated launch samples. The thickness and surface roughness of these deposition layers increased with increasing the heat effect, suggesting a launch speed dependent damage degree of the arc ablation. The hardness variation of samples is attributed to the effects of the deposition layer and deformation hardening. The surface deposition layer affects corrosion resistance and crystalline characteristics, leading to changes in subsequent service performances. Additionally, the surface texture and plastic deformation ability of the samples are related to the recrystallization degree and deformation grain amount.

In this letter, an extremely low-profile dual-band patch antenna is proposed for 5G terminal applications. Target bands are part of the 5G N78 band (3.4–3.6 GHz) and part of the 5G N79 band (4.8–5.0 GHz). Use the two resonant modes of the half-mode patch and adjust their size to separate the resonant frequencies. Loads parasitic patches to extend their efficiency and impedance bandwidths. In order to make the antenna occupy less space, two pairs of perpendicular slots are etched in the middle of the antenna to extend the current path and reduce the resonance frequencies. The average efficiency of the designed antenna is higher than most of the reported patch antennas. Physical fabrication and device testing were performed to prove the feasibility of the proposed antenna.

A visible-light-initiated C–H trifluoromethylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones was established using a Z-scheme V2O5/g-C3N4heterojunction as a recyclable photocatalyst in an inert atmosphere at room temperature under additive-free and mild conditions. A variety of trifluoromethylated quinoxalin-2-(1H)-one derivatives were heterogeneously generated in moderate to high yields, exhibiting good functional group tolerance. Remarkably, the recyclable V2O5/g-C3N4catalyst could be reused five times with a slight loss of catalytic activity.

The formation of uniform, nondendritic seeds is essential to realizing dense lithium (Li) metal anodes and long-life batteries. Here, we discover that faceted Li seeds with a hexagonal shape can be uniformly grown on carbon-polymer composite films. Our investigation reveals the critical role of carbon defects in serving as the nucleation sites for their formation. Tuning the density and spatial distribution of defects enables the optimization of conditions for faceted seed growth. Raman spectral results confirm that lithium nucleation indeed starts at the defect sites. The uniformly distributed crystalline seeds facilitate low-porosity Li deposition, effectively reducing Li pulverization during cycling and unlocking the fast-charging ability of Li metal batteries. At a 1 C rate, full cells using LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2cathode (4.5 mA h cm–2) paired with a lithium anode grown on carbon composite films achieve a 313% improvement in cycle life compared to baseline cells. Polymer composites with carbonaceous materials rich in defects are scalable, low-cost substrates for high-rate, high-energy-density batteries.

The insect Tenebrio molitorexhibits ultrafast efficiency in biodegrading polystyrene (PS). However, the generation and fate of nanoplastics (NPs) in the intestine during plastic biodegradation remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the biodegradation of PS microplastics (MPs) mediated by T. molitorlarvae over a 4-week period and confirmed biodegradation by analyzing Δδ13C in the PS before and after biotreatment (−28.37‰ versus −24.88‰) as an effective tool. The ·OH radicals, primarily contributed by gut microbiota, and H2O2, primarily produced by the host, both increased after MP digestion. The size distribution of residual MP particles in excrements fluctuated within the micrometer ranges. PS NPs were detected in the intestine but not in the excrements. At the end of Weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4, the concentrations of PS NPs in gut tissues were 3.778, 2.505, 2.087, and 2.853 ng/lava, respectively, while PS NPs in glands were quantified at 0.636, 0.284, and 0.113 ng/lava and eventually fell below the detection limit. The PS NPs in glands remained below the detection limit at the end of Weeks 5 and 6. This indicates that initially, NPs generated in the gut entered glands, then declined gradually and eventually disappeared or possibly biodegraded after Week 4, associated with the elevated plastic-degrading capacities of T. molitorlarvae. Our findings unveil rapid synergistic MP biodegradation by the larval host and gut microbiota, as well as the fate of generated NPs, providing new insights into the risks and fate associated with NPs during invertebrate-mediated plastic biodegradation.

The first paired electrolysis-enabled arylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones was achieved using cyanoarenes as the arylation reagents. A variety of 3-arylquinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with various important functional groups were obtained in moderate to good yields under metal- and chemical oxidant-free conditions. With a pair of reductive and oxidative processes occurring among the substrates and reaction intermediates, the power consumption can be dramatically reduced.

Balancing the accuracy and simplicity of aptasensors is a challenge in their construction. This study addresses this issue by leveraging the remarkable loading capacity and peroxidase-like catalytic activity of PtPdCu trimetallic nanoparticles, which reduces the reliance on precious metals. A dual-signal readout aptasensor for enrofloxacin (ENR) detection is designed, incorporating DNA dynamic network cascade reactions to further amplify the output signal. Exploiting the strong loading capacity of PtPdCu nanoparticles, they are self-assembled with thionine (Thi) to form a signal label capable of generating signals in two independent modes. The label exhibits excellent enzyme-like catalytic activity and enhances electron transfer capabilities. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and square-wave voltammetry (SWV) are employed to independently read signals from the oxidation–reduction reaction of Thi and the catalytic oxidation of hydroquinone (HQ) to benzoquinone (BQ) by H2O2. The introduced DNA dynamic network cascade reaction modularizes sample processing and electrode surface signal generation, avoiding electrode contamination and efficiently increasing the output of the catalyzed hairpin assembly (CHA) cycle. Under optimized conditions, the developed aptasensor demonstrates detection limits of 0.112 (DPV mode) and 0.0203 pg/mL (SWV mode). Additionally, the sensor successfully detected enrofloxacin in real samples, expanding avenues for designing dual-mode signal amplification strategies.

Background Emerging evidence suggested a significant association between optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) polymorphisms and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) risk. However, the current data are inconsistent or even contradictory. Given these, we conducted a meta-analysis to examine the precise association between OPA1 polymorphisms and POAG risk.Materials and Methods Online databases were retrieved, and the related studies were reviewed from inception to December 1, 2022. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to examine the statistical power of each genetic model. In addition, heterogeneity, sensitivity, cumulative analysis, and publication bias were analyzed to guarantee statistical power.Result Overall, 14 studies within 11 publications (involving 2,413 POAG patients and 1,904 controls) were included and some significant association between OPA1 rs166850 C/T (T vs. C: OR = 1.24, 95%CI = 1.06–1.45, P= 0.01, I2 = 39.0%; CT vs. CC: OR = 1.37, 95%CI = 1.05–1.79, P= 0.02, I2 = 41.6%; CT + TT vs. CC: 1.37, 95%CI = 1.06–1.77, P= 0.02, I2 = 41.6%), rs10451941T/C (TC + CC vs. TT: OR = 1.79, 95%CI = 1.41–2.28, P< 0.01, I2 = 71.9%) polymorphisms and POAG susceptibility. In addition, further significant associations were also observed in the stratified analysis, especially in normal tension glaucoma groups and Caucasian descendants.Conclusion The observed evidences suggest that OPA1 polymorphisms may be associate with POAG susceptibility significantly.

Utilizing CO2to produce ethylene carbonate (EC) is highly significant in terms of both reducing CO2emissions and acquiring fine chemicals. The gas–liquid mixture mass transfer in this process is critical for transformation efficiency and safety; however, the efficient strategy to intensify this mass transfer is limited. In this study, a jet loop reactor (JLR) is employed for the mass-transfer intensification of liquid–gas phases in the production of EC from the cycloaddition of CO2and ethylene oxide. The effect of the JLR’s structure, mainly the size of the spray nozzle, on mass transfer intensification is investigated to determine the optimal working conditions. Additionally, the influence of reaction conditions on the transformation efficiency is investigated using in situ infrared spectroscopy, thus achieving rapid transformation of this cycloaddition under low CO2pressures. Notably, the JLR exhibits an efficiency over three times higher than that of the stirred tank reactor, demonstrating its superior advantage in facilitating gas–liquid mixture mass transfer. Furthermore, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of the reactor demonstrated its working process. The well-matched experimental and simulated results suggest the high potential of CFD in evaluating the efficiency of the JLR, which can serve as a basis for the structural design of the ejector.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogeneous disease that develops through diverse pathophysiological processes1,2and molecular mechanisms that are often specific to cell type3,4. Here, to characterize the genetic contribution to these processes across ancestry groups, we aggregate genome-wide association study data from 2,535,601 individuals (39.7% not of European ancestry), including 428,452 cases of T2D. We identify 1,289 independent association signals at genome-wide significance (P< 5 × 10−8) that map to 611 loci, of which 145 loci are, to our knowledge, previously unreported. We define eight non-overlapping clusters of T2D signals that are characterized by distinct profiles of cardiometabolic trait associations. These clusters are differentially enriched for cell-type-specific regions of open chromatin, including pancreatic islets, adipocytes, endothelial cells and enteroendocrine cells. We build cluster-specific partitioned polygenic scores5in a further 279,552 individuals of diverse ancestry, including 30,288 cases of T2D, and test their association with T2D-related vascular outcomes. Cluster-specific partitioned polygenic scores are associated with coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease and end-stage diabetic nephropathy across ancestry groups, highlighting the importance of obesity-related processes in the development of vascular outcomes. Our findings show the value of integrating multi-ancestry genome-wide association study data with single-cell epigenomics to disentangle the aetiological heterogeneity that drives the development and progression of T2D. This might offer a route to optimize global access to genetically informed diabetes care.

Monophasic Al50Ni50ribbons were fabricated by melt spinning at circumferential speeds (Sc) of 21 and 42 m/s, and subsequently annealed at various temperatures. The microstructure and corrosion behavior of ribbons were studied through various experimental methods. With increasing Sc, the as-spun and annealed ribbons at 42 m/s show a higher (100) crystal orientation factor F(100), a lower barrier to recrystallization and a higher total film resistance than the counterparts with 21 m/s. The as-spun ribbon at 42 m/s demonstrated a denser and more stable Al2O3passive film compared to the as-spun and annealed ribbons at 21 m/s. This improvement in passive film can be further enhanced by 700 °C annealing. Therefore, the corrosion resistance of AlNi ribbons can be improved by increasing Scand additional annealing at an appropriate temperature.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the age- and sex-specific incidence and prevalence of keratoconus (KC) in Taiwan and explore their association with the use of computerized corneal topography and tomography (TG). Design: This nationwide retrospective study included the Taiwanese population (N= 27,540,859) from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) between 2000 and 2018. Method: We estimated the incidence of KC by identifying patients with newly diagnosed KC and estimated its prevalence by identifying patients who had the ICD9-CM code 371.6 or ICD-10-CM code H18.609 twice or more in NHIRD during 2000–2018. Results: The incidence of KC in Taiwan during 2000–2018 was 7075, with the incidence rate being 1.56 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.53–1.60) per 100,000 person-years. The prevalence of KC was 4.29 (95% CI: 4.23–4.35) per 100,000 person-years. The KC incidence rate peaked in patients aged 21–25 (6.40 in males and 3.19 in females). The overall incidence rates in males and females were 2.01 and 1.35, respectively (incidence rate ratio: 1.46), indicating that KC had a significant male predisposition. Moreover, we noted a linear correlation (R2= 0.7488) between the proportion of the use of TG and the incidence of KC. Conclusion: Estimates of nationwide population-based incidence and prevalence can contribute to a better understanding of the risk of ethnic groups and geographic locations in KC, and the trend can help physicians improve the general vision health of the population.

Selenium-containing polymers have numerous attractive properties, such as light response behaviors, biocompatibilities, and heavy-metal-ion adhesive ability. However, the lack of efficient strategies for constructing selenium-containing polymers limits their development. Herein, a facile but efficient strategy is proposed for synthesizing poly(sulfide selenide)s directly from elemental selenium and episulfides in the presence of an organocatalyst system. This strategy affords diverse poly(sulfide selenide)s with high sulfide–selenide linkage selectivity (>99%). The mechanism exploration reveals that the sulfide–selenide linkage selectivity is affected by the nucleophilicity of the organic bases: the organic base with high nucleophilicity leads to the high sulfide–selenide linkage selectivity. Notably, the poly(sulfide selenide)s exhibit excellent photodegradable nature. Furthermore, the excellent electrochemical properties of these poly(sulfide selenide)s enable their application in electrochemical CO2capture. The high monomer compatibility of this method leads to a series of poly(sulfide selenide)s with diverse structures and thus various thermal and optical performances.

Electrocarboxylation of the C(sp3)–O bond in 1,3-oxazolidin-2-ones with CO2to achieve β-amino acids is developed. The C–O bond in substrates can be selectively cleaved via the single electron transfer on the surface of a cathode or through a CO2•–intermediate under additive-free conditions. A great diversity of β-amino acids can be obtained in a moderate to excellent yield and readily converted to various biologically active compounds.

A series of injection tests with compacted Gaomiaozi bentonite of varying dry density were performed using an innovative testing apparatus for hydraulic fracturing visualization, with emphases placed on fracturing macro-morphological dynamics and micro-mechanical mechanisms. Results showed that fracturing dynamics mainly consisted of three stages, namely the hydrating stage, the cracking stage, and the fracturing stage. As dry density increased, the circular hydration zone expanded, the cracking network became more intricate, and the fracturing pattern transitioned from long and clear to short and fuzzy. Breakthrough time and breakthrough pressure increased exponentially with increasing dry density, while injection rate decreased exponentially and breakthrough water volume increased linearly. The fracturing mechanism in compacted bentonite was turning from tensile to shear mode with increasing dry density. By comparing the shear strength with the sum of swelling pressure and tensile strength, a simple criterion for determining the limit state between tensile and shear modes was established, which can be popularized in other soils without swelling potential but under different confining pressures. Finally, a novel calculation method for breakthrough pressure was proposed based on cavity expansion theory, taking into account swelling effects and fracturing failure modes.

Strong metal–support interaction (SMSI) has been extensively studied in heterogeneous catalysis because of its significance in stabilizing active metals and tuning catalytic performance, but the origin of SMSI is not fully revealed. Herein, by using Pt/CeO2as a model catalyst, we report an embedding structure at the interface between Pt and (110) plane of CeO2, where Pt clusters (∼1.6 nm) are embedded into the lattice of ceria within 3–4 atomic layers. In contrast, this phenomenon is absent in the CeO2(100) support. This unique geometric structure, as an effective motivator, triggers more significant electron transfer from Pt clusters to CeO2(110) support accompanied by the formation of interfacial structure (Ptδ+–Ov–Ce3+), which plays a crucial role in stabilizing Pt nanoclusters. A comprehensive investigation based on experimental studies and theoretical calculations substantiates that the interfacial sites serve as the intrinsic active center toward water–gas shift reaction (WGSR), featuring a moderate strength CO activation adsorption and largely decreased energy barrier of H2O dissociation, accounting for the prominent catalytic activity of Pt/CeO2(110) (a reaction rate of 15.76 molCOgPt–1h–1and a turnover frequency value of 2.19 s–1at 250 °C). In addition, the Pt/CeO2(110) catalyst shows a prominent durability within a 120 h time-on-stream test, far outperforming the Pt/CeO2(100) one, which demonstrates the advantages of this embedding structure for improving catalyst stability.

Gramineous biomass is an excellent source of polysaccharide-based prebiotics. However, there are shortages of the preparation process due to just xylooligosaccharide (XOS) were exploited, only specific particles from crushed materials were selected and a single concentration of ethanol precipitate were collected. Herein, Bacillus subtilisS1702 fermented wheat bran, 121 °C autohydrolysis with 0.75 M citric acid assistance, 20, 50, 60, and 80% ethanol precipitation were successively adopted to obtained fractions WB20, WB50, WB60, and WB80. It was demonstrated that the combined process including incubation at 37 °C for 36 h by 13% incubation dose, followed by acid-assisted autohydrolysis for 30 min at a solid:liquid ratio of 1:5 (w/v, g/mL), induced the feruloylated arabinoxylan yield of 340.00 ± 0.95 mM, which was significantly higher than those of only autohydrolysis (220.25 ± 1.18 mM) or fermentation and then autohydrolysis without acid assistance (120.76 ± 1.32 mM) (p< 0.05). Furthermore, treatment by WB60 with moderate mass ratio of ferulic acid (FA) to glucan and arabinoxylan being 1:187 showed strong in vitro prebiotic activity based on highest total short-chain fatty acid output, the greatest ratios of butyric acid/acetic acid and Bifidobacteria/Escherichia-Shigella,which was better than those of administration of commercial XOS without FA, WB80 (1:136) and WB50 (1:218) with too higher or lower FA ratio. WB20 with the lowest FA ratio of 1:664 contained different complex polysaccharides and improved gut microbial diversities better than that of XOS. Overall, an appropriate concentration of ethanol precipitate with proper proportion of polyphenols to polysaccharides can improve gut redox imbalance better than purified or simple polysaccharides. This study will lay the foundation for making full use of bran prebiotic by using green technology.

Lead ions (Pb2+) are a widely distributed and highly toxic heavy metal pollutant, which seriously threatens the environment, economy and human safety. Here, a label-free ratiometric fluorescent biosensor was constructed for Pb2+detection using DNAzyme-driven target cycling and exonuclease III (Exo III)-mediated DNA cycling as a dual signal amplification strategy. The SYBR Green I (SGI) and N-methyl mesoporphyrin IX (NMM) used in this study are characterized by low cost, storage resistance, and short preparation time compared with conventional signaling probes labeled with fluorescent groups. Unlike the single-emission fluorescence strategy, monitoring the fluorescence intensity ratio of SGI and NMM can effectively reduce external interference to achieve accurate detection of Pb2+. DNAzyme structures on the surface of magnetic beads (MBs) can recognize Pb2+and activate the target circulatory system to cleave single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). The ssDNA further initiated the Exo III-assisted DNA circulatory system to digest double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and release guanine-rich G1. Finally, the fluorescence signals of SGI and NMM were weakened and enhanced, respectively. The sensing strategy achieved a wide linear range from 0.5 to 500 nM and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 26.4 pM. Furthermore, its anti-interference ability and potential applicability for Pb2+detection in actual samples were verified. This work ingeniously combines the dual signal amplification strategy with the ratiometric sensing strategy constructed by structure-specific fluorescent dyes, which provides a promising method for constructing sensitive and accurate fluorescent biosensors.

Background: The prognosis comparison between endoscopic therapy + partial splenic embolization (PSE) and Hassab’s operation is unclear in the treatment of esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis. This study aimed to compare the outcome of endoscopic therapy + PSE (EP) with a combination of splenectomy + pericardial devascularization procedure, known as Hassab’s operation (SH) for esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis with hypersplenism. Methods: We enrolled 328 patients, including 125 and 203 patients who underwent EP and SH, respectively. Each group consisted of 110 patients after propensity score matching (PSM). Subsequently, we recorded and analyzed bleeding episodes and mortality in 6 months and 1, 2, and 5 years after therapies. Results: The median follow-up time in the EP and SH groups was 53 and 64 months, respectively. Bleeding incidence 6 months after therapies in the EP group was lower than that in the SH group (1.8% vs. 10.0%, P= 0.010). Additionally, complications in the perioperative period were not significantly different (0% vs. 3.6%, P= 0.008). However, the bleeding rate between the two groups was not significantly different at 1, 2, and 5 years after therapies (7.3% vs. 12.7%, P= 0.157; 10.9% vs. 16.4%, P= 0.205; 30.6% vs. 31.8%, P= 0.801), as well as mortality rate (4.5% vs 7.3%, P= 0.571). Conclusion: Compared with SH therapy, the bleeding rate 6 months after EP therapy was lower, but the long-term bleeding rate was similar.

This article investigates the stability problem of Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy systems with time-varying delay. Different from some existing methods, a new delay-product-dependent Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional (LKF) is proposed, whose derivative is estimated by using the proposed cubic function negative-determination lemma (NDL). Moreover, a parameter-dependent reciprocally convex inequality (PDRCI) is proposed to improve the estimation accuracy of reciprocally convex terms. Besides, an improved cubic function NDL is derived to solve the negative-definiteness determination of cubic functions. Based on the proposed delay-product-dependent LKF, the developed PDRCI, and the improved cubic function NDL, a less conservative stability criterion is obtained. Three examples are presented to demonstrate the merits of the proposed approaches by comparing with several existing results.

A simple and sensitive colorimetric method for organophosphorus pesticides (Ops) detection was proposed via a multi-enzyme cascade reaction. The coordination compound of wool keratin and Cu (WK-Cu) was synthesized by self-assembly and used as a key catalyst in the cascade reaction. The enzymatic kinetics curve was established to explore the catalytic property, and the obtained Kmand Vmaxproved that WK-Cu has a good peroxidase-like activity. Ops could inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity and trigger the multienzyme cascades process, resulting in an amplified response signal. The key conditions were optimized, such as enzyme-linked reaction time and the concentration of each reactant in Ops detection. The detection range of phoxim was 10-1000 µg/L with a detection limit of 2.31 µg/L. Compared with other colorimetric detections, the proposed method exhibited a wider detection range and a relatively lower detection limit. In addition, this colorimetric method showed good universality and anti-interference ability for the analysis of phoxim in apple, cabbage and cauliflower samples. Owing to these merits, the proposed method has a good application prospect in Ops detection.

Patients diagnosed with glioblastoma (GBM) have the most aggressive tumor progression and lethal recurrence. Research on the immune microenvironment landscape of tumor and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is limited. At the single-cell level, we aim to reveal the recurrent immune microenvironment of GBM and the potential CSF biomarkers and compare tumor locations. We collected four clinical samples from two patients: malignant samples from one recurrent GBM patient and non-malignant samples from a patient with brain tumor. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to reveal the immune landscape of recurrent GBM and CSF. T cells were enriched in the malignant tumors, while Treg cells were predominately found in malignant CSF, which indicated an inhibitory microenvironment in recurrent GBM. Moreover, macrophages and neutrophils were significantly enriched in malignant CSF. This indicates that they an important role in GBM progression. S100A9, extensively expressed in malignant CSF, is a promising biomarker for GBM diagnosis and recurrence. Our study reveals GBM’s recurrent immune microenvironment after chemoradiotherapy and compares malignant and non-malignant CSF samples. We provide novel targets and confirm the promise of liquid CSF biopsy for patients with GBM.

A single-layer low-profile dual-band patch antenna is proposed in this letter. A Π-shaped slot is engraved on the radiating patch, separating it into a main patch and a parasitic patch to achieve the dual-band characteristics. The purpose of loading five shorting pins between the two vertical slots on the main patch is to turn down the two frequencies, which can generate TM01 mode and TM11 mode. To improve the impedance matching in the lower band and broaden the dual-band bandwidth, four shorting pins are placed on the edge of the long side of the parasitic patch, which can excite the TM10 mode. The combination of the TM01, TM11, and TM10 modes achieves the 3.45–3.7 GHz and 4.7–5.33 GHz dual band. Manufacturing and measuring a prototype. The results of the measurements indicate that the antenna achieves a dual-band with reflection coefficient less than −6 dB, which are 3.5–3.75 GHz (250 MHz, 7.0%) and 4.73–5.41 GHz (680 MHz, 13.4%) with peak gains of 6.23 and 5.06 dB in the low and high bands, respectively. The average total efficiencies in the dual bands are 64.2% and 77.3%, respectively.

Background and Objective: Exenatide promotes insulin secretion and inhibits postprandial glucagon secretion. Polyethylene glycolated exenatide injection (PB-119), a derivative obtained by modification of exenatide, is more stable in metabolic behavior than exenatide in vivo. Our study aimed to evaluate the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetic characteristics of polyethylene glycolated exenatide as a single subcutaneous injection in healthy volunteers. Methods: Seventy subjects were randomly assigned to 8 incremental dosage groups (2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 µg). The 2- to 50-µg groups had 8 subjects in each group (the ratio of test preparation to placebo was 3:1), and the 100- to 400-µg groups had 10 subjects in each group (the ratio of test preparation to placebo was 4:1). All the subjects received a single subcutaneous injection of polyethylene glycolated exenatide and placebo according to the dosage groups. The tolerability test was conducted in the 2- to 10-µg groups. The pharmacokinetic test was carried out in the 25- to 400-µg groups, and plasma samples were collected to determine the pharmacokinetics of polyethylene glycolated exenatide. After medication, the vital signs of the subjects were monitored, and laboratory tests and electrocardiogram tests were carried out regularly in all the subjects. Results: All 70 subjects completed the experiment. Except for the 5-µg and 10-µg groups, the safety and tolerability tests showed no adverse reactions in the 2-µg to 50-µg groups. Several subjects in the 100-µg and 200-µg groups had tolerable gastrointestinal tract reactions, and all subjects in the 400-µg group experienced adverse reactions, mainly gastrointestinal tract reactions and liver dysfunction. The pharmacokinetics of polyethylene glycolated exenatide was studied in 36 subjects, which showed slow absorption, a mean peak time of 20–40 h, and a mean elimination half-life of 51–64 h. Conclusion: The administration of polyethylene glycolated exenatide injection at a single dose of 2–200 µg is safe and tolerable for healthy volunteers. Once-weekly polyethylene glycolated exenatide injection can be recommended. Clinical Trials Registration: The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (No. NCT02084251).

Urbanization-influenced airborne microorganisms and megacity bioaerosols have garnered particular attention due to their importance in the atmospheric environment. Herein, the diurnal variation of airborne microbes in PM2.5between day and night was unveiled by a culture-independent approach and morphological analyses. The results demonstrated that airborne fungi, with values of 8636 copies per m3(daytime) and 9443 copies per m3(nighttime), and bacteria, with values of 38 725 copies per m3(daytime) and 38 613 copies per m3(nighttime), were observed under improved air quality. The recurrent diel cycle's airborne fungal and bacterial concentrations had no discernible difference. The airborne microbial community structure displayed robustness, in which Formitopsidaceae, Meruliaceae, Aspergillaceae, Rhizobiaceae, Caulobacteraceae, and Moraxellaceae dominated. The LefSE analysis revealed Sistotrema, Moesziomycesand Acinetobacteras diurnal biomarkers and Cercosporaand Blastomonasas nocturnal biomarkers. In assessing the health risks of potential pathogens, the nocturnal samples contained a higher fungal relative abundance (38.52%), and diurnal samples had a higher proportion of potentially pathogenic bacteria (21.92%). SO2inhibited the fungal concentrations significantly. The observation of fungi by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) revealed the intact cell structure presumably annotated to Basidiomycota and Ascomycota and acted as the independent atmospheric particle matters of which surface harboured chemical composition. This study offers important insights into airborne fungi and bacteria in metropolitan cities, coupled with high throughput sequencing technologies and morphological observation under low PM2.5concentration.

The development of quorum sensing inhibitors capable of decreasing the production of virulence factors is an effective strategy to overcome resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosadue to the less selective pressure exerted on bacteria. In this study, a series of 3-hydroxypyridin-4(1H)-one derivatives bearing a 4-aminomethyl-1,2,3-triazole linker were designed and synthesized as antivirulence agents against P. aeruginosa. The most potent derivative 16ewas identified as a selective inhibitor of the pqssystem (IC50= 3.7 μM) and its related virulence factor pyocyanin (IC50= 2.7 μM). In addition, 16eexhibited moderate biofilm inhibition and significant inhibition of P. aeruginosamotility phenotypes with low cytotoxicity. Compound 16eshowed an obvious antibacterial synergistic effect in combination with antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin and tobramycin in in vitroand in vivo Caenorhabditis elegansinfection models. Overall, the excellent antivirulence properties of compound 16emake it a potential antibiotic adjuvant for the treatment of P. aeruginosainfections that may be advanced into preclinical development in the future.