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Die Kommissionierung zählt zu den arbeits- und kostenintensivsten Prozessen in der Intralogistik. Kommissionierende werden dabei häufig hohen körperlichen Belastungen ausgesetzt, die das Risiko für Erkrankungen und Arbeitsausfälle erhöhen. Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet die beschriebene Problematik und stellt einfach umsetzbare Empfehlungen vor, um physische Belastungen in der Kommissionierung zu reduzieren und gleichzeitig die Prozesseffizienz zu steigern.

In diesem Beitrag soll eine ergonomische Lagerplatzvergabe für Lager mit Fachbodenregalen entwickelt werden, welche Artikel bestimmten Lagerplätzen entsprechend der benötigten Kommissionierzeit und der körperlichen Belastung optimal zuordnet. Zur Bestimmung der Zeit wird der MTM-UAS Standard genutzt. Da Erkrankungen im unteren Rückenbereich bei Kommissionierenden besonders häufig auftreten, wird als Belastungskenngröße die Druckkraft auf das Wirbelsäulensegment L5-S1 gewählt. Zur Ermittlung dieser Kenngröße werden Kommissionierversuche (n= 11) durchgeführt und eingenommene Körperhaltungen in ein biomechanisches Simulationsprogramm implementiert. Die Zeit- und Belastungskenngrößen werden in einer bikriteriellen Optimierung pareto-effizient gelöst, wobei aufgrund des Zielkonflikts Kompromisslösungen der beiden Zielgrößen besonders attraktiv sind.

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study demonstrates that HAX1 has an impact on collective cell migration, cell–cell contacts, cell–substrate adhesion, and cell shape. All of these effects can be attributed to the modulation of actomyosin contractility through changes in RhoA and septin signaling. HAX1 was also shown to have no effect on invasive potential in breast cancer cells.

Repetitive manuelle Montagetätigkeiten sind mit mehreren Belastungen verbunden, die in der Praxis mit Screening-Bewertungsverfahren analysiert werden. Diese Verfahren unterscheiden sich allerdings sowohl im Detaillierungsgrad der erzielten Ergebnisse als auch von der Herangehensweise bei der Analyse. Während die Punktwerte dieser Verfahren meist von Experten erteilt werden, wurde bisher noch kein Vergleich der Belastungsergebnisse mit der subjektiv wahrgenommenen Belastung der Mitarbeiter angestellt. Dafür wurden bei der in diesem Beitrag dargestellten Studie 66 Montagearbeitsplätze mit repetitiven Tätigkeiten analysiert. Physische Belastungen und Beanspruchungen wurden anhand der folgenden Methoden analysiert: Ergonomic Assessment Worksheet (EAWS), Occupational Risk Assessment (OCRA) Checklist, Leitmerkmalmethode Manuelle Arbeitsprozesse (LMM MA), Hand Arm Risk Assessment Method (HARM) und Strain Index (SI). Das subjektive Belastungsempfinden wurde mittels RPE-Borg-Skala bei 249 Mitarbeitern erfragt. Die im Vergleich gewonnenen Ergebnisse geben einen Hinweis, mit welchem Verfahren Belastungen bei repetitiven Montagetätigkeiten bewertet werden sollten. Praktische Relevanz:Weil es viele Screening-Verfahren gibt, die nur im Bereich der sogenannten mittleren Bedingungen gute Übereinstimmung der Ergebnisse zeigen, ist ein Vergleich mit den tatsächlichen Auswirkungen sinnvoll, wenn es darum geht, eine geeignete Bewertungsmethode für repetitive Arbeitsplätze zu finden. Für diese weichen die Verfahren bisher teils stark voneinander ab. Repetitive manual assembly operations are associated with several workloads, which are analyzed in practice using screening-tools. However, these screening-tools differ both in the degree of detail of the results achieved as well as in the analysis approach. While the points score of these tools are usually given by experts, no comparison of the results with the perceived stress of the employees has yet been made. In the study presented in this paper, 66 assembly workplaces with repetitive jobs/tasks were analyzed. Physical strains and stresses were analyzed using the following methods: Ergonomic Assessment Worksheet (EAWS), Occupational Risk Assessment (OCRA) Checklist, Key Indicator Method Manual Handling Operations (LMM MA), Hand Arm Risk Assessment Method (HARM) and Strain Index (SI). The perceived stress was obtained by means of the RPE-Borg scale with 249 employees. The results obtained by comparison give an indication as to which screening-tool should be used when analyzing repetitive assembly tasks. Practical Relevance:Because of many screening-tools available that only show good results in medium-term conditions, a comparison with the actual effects is useful when it comes to finding a suitable screening-tool for analyzing repetitive tasks. For these, the methods so far deviate greatly from one another.

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Der Schwerpunkt dieser Studie im IAD-Labor lag auf der Analyse der Auswirkung des Gehensmit seitlichen Schritten und „gemischten“ Schritten in unterschiedlichen Umlaufrichtungen (gegen Uhrzeigersinn und im Uhrzeigersinn)von Station zu Station an einer U‑Linie auf die muskuläre Beanspruchung der linken und rechten Beinmuskulatur. Die Messungen wurden mittels Oberflächen-Elektromyographie (OEMG) mit dem Noraxon-Messsystem für verschiedene Bewegungsszenarien realisiert. Die Länge der U‑Linie mit fünf Arbeitsstationen variierte bis ca. 3,2 m die Breite ca. 1,2 m. Sechs männliche Probanden ohne Erfahrung in der Montage im Alter von 19–30 Jahren nahmen an der Studie teil. Die gewonnenen Ergebnisse zeigen, dass „seitliches“ Gehen gegen Uhrzeigersinn (GUZ)beanspruchender für die rechten Beinmuskeln im Vergleich zum linken Beinmuskel ist und umgekehrt beim Gehen im Uhrzeigersinn (UZ)für Muskeln im linken Bein. Wechsel der Laufrichtung an der U‑Linie: GUZ → UZ → GUZ → UZ ist positiv für die muskuläre Beanspruchung – es bringt den Ausgleich der EA-Werte in den analysierten rechten und linken Beinmuskeln. Das Gehen mit „gemischten“ (seitlichen und zwei-drei normalen) Schritten in der analysierten U‑Linie brachte kaum Reduzierung der einseitigen Beanspruchungen in den Beinen im Vergleich zum Gehen nur mit „seitlichen“ Schritten. Praktische Relevanz: Die gewonnenen Ergebnisse der muskulären Beanspruchung in den Beinen lassen trotz vorliegender Variationen sowohl der Umlaufrichtung (in Uhrzeigersinn oder dagegen) als auch der Bewegungsweise (nur Seitenschritte oder „kombinierte“ Schritte) eine einseitige muskuläre Beanspruchung in Abhängigkeit des Umlaufsinns erkennen. Daraus lässt sich der Schluss zu einer möglichst variablen Bewegungs- und Umlaufstrategie im Hinblick auf den Stations‑/Bereichswechsel bei kurz getakteten Montagelinien in der Praxis ziehen. The muscular strain at the lower extremities was analysed in the IAD-lab using the simulated U‑shape with short-cycle tasks (approx. 80 sec.) with walking “sideways” and “mixed” walking (sidesteps and normal steps). Also focus was on analysis of the effects of “walking sideways counter clockwise” vs. “turn clockwise sideways” on the muscular strain in the three selected muscles in the right and the left leg. Four different scenarios were tested. The U‑shape consisted of five work stations, was 2 m long and 1.4 m wide in scenarios walking with “sidesteps” (A, B) only. In scenarios with “mixed” walking the assembly U‑shape was about 3,2 m long and 1.4 m wide. The EA-activities in selected three leg muscles in the left and right legs were analysed using surface EMG-method. Six test subjects, between 19 and 30 years old, without experience in assembly work took part in the study. The results show that walking “sideways” counter-clockwise (CC) cause the selected right leg muscles more strain compared to the left leg muscle by some test persons. When walking clockwise (C) two muscles in the left leg were more stressed compared to the right leg muscles. Changing the direction of moving at the U‑line: CC → C → CC → C is positive for the muscular strains – it brings the balance of the EA values in analyzed right and left leg muscles. Walking with “mixed” (lateral and two-three normal) steps in the analyzed U‑shape did not reduced muscular strains in the legs compared to walking with “sidesteps” only. Practical Relevance: The results of the analysis of muscular stress/strain in the right and left legs reveal the influence of the direction of moving at simulated U‑shape in the lab – clockwise or counter-clockwise – as well as the “mixed” walking or walking with sidesteps only lateral. This leads to the conclusion that a moving and circulating strategy is as variable as possible with regard to changing working stations in the U‑shape with short-cycles in practice

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cardiac hypertrophy is commonly observed in conditions of increased hemodynamic or metabolic stress. This hypertrophy is not compensatory but rather reflects activation of maladaptive cellular processes that promote disease progression. Myocardial hypertrophy serves as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of cardiac remodeling, and underlying regulatory processes have provided effective therapeutic targets to slow disease progression and improve outcome. We review hypertrophic signaling pathways in cardiomyocytes and discuss established and novel targets for pharmacological intervention. New drugs in the pipeline include the third generation aldosterone antagonists (PF-03882845 and BAY94-8862) and biased angiotensin II receptor agonists. Furthermore, different approaches to stimulate cGMP-dependent protective signaling are currently evaluated in clinical trials, including the combination of the vasopeptidase neprilysin inhibitor and an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARNi). In an overview on cardiomyocyte hypertrophic signaling, we also highlight emerging experimental treatment concepts such as inhibition of Ca2-mediated transcriptional regulation, adeno-associated viruses for sarcoplasmicendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA2a), PI3 kinase gene transfer and microRNA-based therapy. We conclude that antihypertrophic therapy extends beyond blocking the classical -adrenergic and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system-dependent signaling cascades, although new therapies require clinical validation regarding outcome.

It is reasonably well understood how the initiation of translation is controlled by reversible phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factors eIF2α, eIF2Bϵ and eIF4E. Other initiation factors, including eIF2β, are also established phosphoproteins but the physiological impact of their phosphorylation is not known. Using a sequence homology search we found that the central region of eIF2β contains a putative PP1-(protein phosphatase-1) binding RVxF-motif. The predicted eIF2β-PP1 interaction was confirmed by PP1 binding and co-immunoprecipitation assays on cell lysates as well as with the purified components. Site-directed mutagenesis showed that eIF2β contains, in addition to an RVxF-motif, at least one other PP1-binding site in its C-terminal half. eIF2β functioned as an inhibitor for the dephosphorylation of glycogen phosphorylase and Ser51of eIF2α by PP1, but did not affect the dephosphorylation of Ser464 of eIF2Bϵ by this phosphatase. Strikingly, eIF2β emerged as an activator of its own dephosphorylation (Ser2, Ser67, Ser218) by associated PP1, since the substrate quality of eIF2β was decreased by the mere mutation of its RVxF-motif. These results make eIF2β an attractive candidate substrate for associated PP1 in vivo. The overexpression of wild-type eIF2β or eIF2β with a mutated RVxF-motif did not differentially affect the rate of translation, indicating that the binding of PP1 is not rate-limiting for translation under basal conditions.

Non-power and power cutting hand tools are mainly used every day in vineyards for grapevines pruning during 5 months (November - March). The grapevines pruning with the help of non-power tools is very stressful for wine growers. Repetitive movements combined with external forces in finger-hand-wrist-system, extreme positions in arm-shoulder-system, climate condition are some of the stress factors. Grapevines pruning with 5 manual prunes produced by 3 different manufacture and 2 power hand tools (electrically and pneumatically) were analysed. The results reveal that grapevines pruning with pneumatic and electric prunes is up to 30% more effective (according to productivity) than cutting with non-powered hand tools. At the same time is grapevines cutting with power tools more stressful as with non-powered one.

Quantitative and qualitative knowledge of ergonomic analysis of grapevines pruning and wine harvesting with respect to postural load, repetitive movements of cutting hand and using different cutting tools was obtained. It could be demonstrated, that stress generated by working postures and repetitive movements combined with were a major problem of work., Ergonomic design deficits of the existing cutting hand tools was carried out.

Selected tools for tile-setters (a transportable work station including a work table and platform with adjustable height, a device for transportation and tipping out mortar, and a tool box) were developed and designed in order to reduce the tile-setters' strain. Two prototypes of transportable work station were tested in 8 tile-setting companies and a learning centre. A questionnaire was worked out for the testing. Considering the test results and in co-operation with industrial manufacturers, the development will be finished so that the work station can go into production.