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Por Andrea Villar (ÓSCAR WONG / GETTY IMAGES) Las afecciones médicas propias de la mujer, que abarcan desde la menstruación y la menopausia, hasta el embarazo y la fertilidad, se [...]

Por Andrea Villar Hace 12 años, la empresaria de origen nórdico Helle Jeppsson fundó una cadena de spas. Y hace casi 52 meses decidió darle un giro a su negocio [...]

Inferior vena cava agenesis (IVCA) is a rare anomaly predisposing affected people to lower-limb venous thrombosis with low frequency of pulmonary embolism. Antenatal thrombosis and inherited thrombophilia have been suggested as causes of IVCA. However, there is little evidence on the clinical course and management of this condition. We designed a patient registry to assess the thrombotic risk and features of IVCA.

The use of machine translation (MT) systems by undergraduate and postgraduate students has been analysed in different studies (Sycz-Opoń and Gałuskina 2017; Jia et al. 2019; Loock and Léchauguette 2021, to mention a few). An analysis of the German-into-Basque translation of multi-word expressions (Sanz-Villar 2024) observed that students’ dependence on MT systems was very high; i.e., traces of the MT proposals were found in the outputs of translation trainees. To specifically analyse the impact of MT proposals on students’ translations, two tasks were designed in 2021 in which nine students participated. Both tasks consisted of translating an excerpt of a children’s literary text from German into Basque. The first translation task was done with the aid of MT tools and the second was a from-scratch translation where the use of MT systems was not allowed. The goal of the present study is to compare the results of both tasks, focusing on the translation of phraseological units (PUs) to observe the features of students’ translations accomplished with and without the aid of MT tools. Since students used MT outputs during the first translation task, machine-translated texts are also compared to human-translated ones. The results show that the tendency to retain the phraseological character of the original text is stronger in professional translations than in machine-translated texts. In general, reliance on MT system outputs when translating PUs is quite strong among trainee translators. When comparing the results of the two tasks, it was observed that for some students, the number of techniques used to maintain the phraseological level of the original text increased in the translation done without MT. Interestingly, examples of creative translations were found in the translations done without the aid of MT tools.

•Using PTCY raised the risk of ECEs but did affect the likelihood of late cardiac toxicity.•Strategies to prevent EC are crucial, especially for patients receiving PTCY.

SARS-CoV-19 infection provokes a variety of symptoms; most patients present mild/moderate symptoms, whereas a small proportion of patients progress to severe illness with multiorgan failure accompanied by metabolic disturbances requiring ICU-level care. Given the importance of the disease, researchers focused on identifying severity-associated biomarkers in infected patients as well as markers associated with patients suffering long-COVID. However, little is known about the presence of biomarkers that remain a few years after SARS-CoV-2 infection once the patients fully recover of the symptoms. In this study, we evaluated the presence of persistent biomarkers in the nasopharyngeal tract two years after SARS-Cov-2 infection in fully asymptomatic patients, taking into account the severity of their infection (mild/moderate and severe infections). In addition to the direct identification of several components of the Coronavirus Infection Pathway in those individuals that suffered severe infections, we describe herein 371 proteins and their associated canonical pathways that define the different adverse effects of SARS-CoV-2 infections. The persistence of these biomarkers for up to two years after infection, along with their ability to distinguish the severity of the infection endured, highlights the surprising presence of persistent nasopharyngeal exudate changes in fully recovered patients.

Measures of manganese (Mn) status in cattle vary among studies, and no single criterion accurately predicts or diagnoses Mn deficiency and pathologic outcomes. Mn deficiency causes congenital joint laxity and dwarfism (CJLD) when total dietary intake is <20 ppm Mn dry matter (DM) for most of the pregnancy. However, the recommended dietary intake of 40 ppm DM can also result in clinical Mn deficiency. Some studies have found that CJLD occurs in calves from cows fed red clover or silage but not in calves from cows fed hay. The concentration of Mn in the liver is the best indicator of Mn status in neonates and adults but cannot be interpreted in fetuses. Serum, plasma, and whole blood concentrations of Mn are unreliable indicators of bovine Mn status. The primary objective of our report is to present evidence linking CJLD to a primary or secondary Mn deficiency. To predict and diagnose Mn deficiency in cattle, we propose using a combination of clinical signs, dietary Mn, liver Mn at birth and beyond, positive response to Mn supplementation or the replacement of silage with other forages, and ruling out other causes of malformations. By following these recommendations, we expect that CJLD and gestational death will decrease as hepatic Mn concentrations increase at birth. Many publications we reviewed are not statistically sound, and future research should include a statistician from the initial discussions of the study through the final publication.

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Purpose: Individuals with isolated GH deficiency (IGHD) due to a mutation in the GHRH receptor gene have a normal life expectancy and above 50 years of age, similar total cognitive performance, with better attention and executive function than controls. Our objectives were to evaluate their brain morphometry and brain aging using MRI. Methods: Thirteen IGHD and 14 controls matched by age, sex, and education, were enrolled. Quantitative volumetric data and cortical thickness were obtained by automatic segmentation using Freesurfer software. The volume of each brain region was normalized by the intracranial volume. The difference between the predicted brain age estimated by MRI using a trained neuronal network, and the chronological age, was obtained. p&lt; 0.005 was considered significant and 0.005 &lt; p&lt; 0.05 as a suggestive evidence of difference. Results: In IGHD, most absolute values of cortical thickness and regional brain volumes were similar to controls, but normalized volumes were greater in the white matter in the frontal pole and in the insula bilaterally, and in the gray matter, in the right insula and in left Caudate (p&lt; 0.005 for all comparisons) We also noticed suggestive evidence of a larger volume in IGHD in left thalamus (p= 0.006), right thalamus (p= 0.025), right caudate (p= 0.046) and right putamen (p= 0.013). Predicted brain ages were similar between groups. Conclusion: IGHD is primarily associated with similar absolute brain measurements, and a set of larger normalized volumes, and does not appear to alter the process of brain aging.

People with HIV (PWH) in suppressive antiretroviral treatment suffer from chronic inflammation-related comorbidities, mainly cardiovascular diseases. However, given the lack of specific evidence about inflammation in PWH, clinical guidelines do not provide recommendations for the management of this issue. To date, physician awareness of inflammation in PWH remains unclear. We analyzed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to inflammation, particularly in the clinical management of PWH, of infectious disease specialists (IDS)/internists compared to other specialists treating inflammation directly (rheumatologists) or its cardiovascular consequences (cardiologists).

El examen para médico interno residente (MIR) es una prueba de respuesta múltiple que busca ordenar a los aspirantes para optar a una plaza de formación médica especializada en España. El objetivo de este trabajo es un análisis objetivo de dicha prueba en su convocatoria 2022 como herramienta evaluadora de discriminación, con especial interés en el área de la radiología y de la medicina nuclear. Los casos clínicos asociados a imágenes de radiología o de medicina nuclear presentan una dificultad mayor que el resto de las preguntas del examen MIR. De las 14 preguntas vinculadas a imágenes radiológicas o de medicina nuclear, 6 de ellas presentan una alta dificultad y solo 5 de las 14 preguntas tienen una capacidad de discriminación buena o excelente. A pesar de que este examen MIR es una herramienta excelente de discriminación en términos psicométricos, las preguntas asociadas a imagen presentan una significativa capacidad de mejora. Para que la pregunta con imagen asociada presente una adecuada discriminación se debe reducir al mínimo la información inútil, la imagen debe complementar la información clínica del texto sin contradecirla, debe representar el hallazgo característico de la enfermedad y el tipo de imagen debe ser la adecuada. La dificultad no debe ser alta y los distractores tienen que ser claramente falsos.

Por Andrea Villar 2001: A SPACE ODYSSEY (1968) INVERSIÓN TOTAL 10.5 MDD MONTO RECAUDADO EN TAQUILLA 146 MDD • Dirigido por Stanley Kubrick, este filme empleó un trabajo de modelo, [...]

Por Andrea Villar (IMAGEN GENERADA CON INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL: @FERLUNA / MIDJOURNEY) La inteligencia artificial (IA) avanza, pero también lo hacen las deepfakes . Las supuestas fotos del expresidente Donald Trump [...]

Por Andrea Villar Foto: © Miriam Sánchez Esta startup quiere ser un salvavidas para el mercado inmobiliario. El emprendedor Joe Merullo, fundador de la proptech Arrenda, vio una oportunidad en [...]

Por Andrea Villar Fuentes: Blue Origin, SpaceX, Virgin Galactic BLUE ORIGIN • Fundada por Jeff Bezos en el año 2000 • La empresa se centra en el desarrollo de tecnología [...]

Por Andrea Villar Foto: © Karina Hernández LAURA QUINTANA Vicepresidenta y directora general de Cisco Networking Academy Amedida que los desarrollos en Inteligencia Artificial (IA) continúan avanzando a pasos agigantados, [...]

Por Andrea Villar Foto: © Oswaldo Ramírez ALTAGRACIA GÓMEZ Presidenta de Grupo Empresarial PEO Para Altagracia, la década en la que nos encontramos está repleta de cambios y, desde su [...]

Por Andrea Villar / Enviada (© JUSTIN SULLIVAN / GETTY IMAGES) “¿Google ya pasó de moda?” Ésta es la pregunta recurrente en los pasillos de la conferencia anual de desarrolladores [...]

Por Andrea Villar (FREEPIK) TEXTO CHATGPT Lanzado en noviembre de 2022 por OpenAI, se ha convertido en la aplicación de consumo de más rápido crecimiento de la historia, con más [...]

It is uncertain whether individualisation of the perioperative open-lung approach (OLA) to ventilation reduces postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing lung resection. We compared a perioperative individualised OLA (iOLA) ventilation strategy with standard lung-protective ventilation in patients undergoing thoracic surgery with one-lung ventilation.

El trasplante renal (TR) debe posponerse en aquellas personas con procesos bacterianos, fúngicos, virales y parasitarios activos, ya que estos deben ser tratados y resueltos previamente. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar el circuito de cribado puesto en marcha desde la consulta de nefrología y describir la prevalencia de infecciones tropicales e importadas en candidatos a TR nacidos o procedentes de áreas endémicas.

Purpose: The separation between the inside and outside through the skin was fundamental for the evolution of prevertebrates, which grow through extrapituitary circuits, to vertebrates, which grow through the somatotrophic axis, namely pituitary growth hormone (GH). and circulating IGF1.Individuals with untreated isolated growth hormone (GH) deficiency (IGHD) due to a mutation in the GH-releasing hormone receptor (GHRH) gene, residing in Itabaianinha, Brazil, are vulnerable to skin cancer and have reduced sweating. However other aspects of their skin physiology are still unknown. Our objectives were to evaluate the number of skin cancers, skin aging, and functional aspects of the skin in this IGHD cohort. Methods: Twenty-six IGHD individuals and 26 controls matched by age, sex, ethnicity, and occupation were submitted to a biochemical, dermatological and a functional skin assessment by the Multi Probe Adapter Cutometer® MPA 580. Results: There was no difference in the number of skin cancers and in the degrees of photodamage between the groups. The melanin content in the forearm was similar between the groups but was lower in the buttocks (p= 0.005), as well as skin resistance (p&lt; 0.0001) and elasticity (p= 0.003), lower in the IGHD. There was no difference in hydration and sebum content between the two groups. Conclusion: IGHD is apparently associated with a neutral profile in terms of skin cancer and photodamage, with similar melanin on the forearm and lower buttocks, lower skin resistance and elasticity, with hydration and sebum similar to controls.

To provide insights into the processes that drive inflationary dynamics, the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland holds an annual conference on the topic of inflation: the Inflation: Drivers and Dynamics series. The 2020 installment of the conference was held on May 21-22, 2020. This Commentary summarizes the papers at the conference, which broadly fell into four categories: (1) empirical Phillips curves, (2) networks and Phillips curves, (3) expectations formation, and (4) price-setting behavior and inflation., Inflation is a topic of considerable interest and importance to the public, policymakers, and academics. Researchers continue to investigate new--and, sometimes, old--aspects of the inflation process in an ongoing attempt [...]

Peri-implant mucositis is characterised by inflammation of soft tissues surrounding a dental implant without associated bone loss beyond initial remodelling. Early detection and timely intervention are critical to prevent its progression to peri-implantitis. This paper focuses on various treatment options for treating peri-implant mucositis. The cornerstone of professional treatment lies in the mechanical disruption and removal of microbial biofilms around the implant. This can be achieved through careful use of manual or powered instruments, such as ultrasonic scalers or air polishing devices. However, there is a need for further research to determine the most effective single approach for treating peri-implant mucositis. Current evidence does not support the combination of mechanical debridement with locally administered antibiotics. Contrarily, evidence strongly supports the removal, cleaning, and modifications of prostheses to improve both self-performance and professional cleanability. The use of adjunctive therapies like photodynamic therapy and diode laser, in conjunction with mechanical instrumentation, is not currently recommended due to the limited strength of available evidence. Preventive measures emphasise the importance of comprehensive oral hygiene care, encompassing professional guidance and at-home practices, to manage biofilms effectively. This encompasses oral hygiene instruction, regular debridement, and maintenance care. Supporting peri-implant therapy is also vital for ongoing implant monitoring, preventing the recurrence of mucositis, and halting its progression to peri-implantitis. This multifaceted approach is key to effectively managing and treating peri-implant mucositis.

Here, we present a cross-linking approach to covalently functionalize and stabilize DNA origami structures in a one-pot reaction. Our strategy involves adding nucleotide sequences to adjacent staple strands, so that, upon assembly of the origami structure, the extensions form short hairpin duplexes targetable by psoralen-labeled triplex-forming oligonucleotides bearing other functional groups (pso-TFOs). Subsequent irradiation with UVA light generates psoralen adducts with one or both hairpin staples leading to site-specific attachment of the pso-TFO (and attached group) to the origami with ca. 80% efficiency. Bis-adduct formation between strands in proximal hairpins further tethers the TFO to the structure and generates “superstaples” that improve the structural integrity of the functionalized complex. We show that directing cross-linking to regions outside of the origami core dramatically reduces sensitivity of the structures to thermal denaturation and disassembly by T7 RNA polymerase. We also show that the underlying duplex regions of the origami core are digested by DNase I and thus remain accessible to read-out by DNA-binding proteins. Our strategy is scalable and cost-effective, as it works with existing DNA origami structures, does not require scaffold redesign, and can be achieved with just one psoralen-modified oligonucleotide.

Purpose To report medium-term visual acuity and refractive outcomes of patients with pseudoexfoliation implanted with toric or multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs).Methods We retrospectively reviewed patients with pseudoexfoliation who had undergone phacoemulsification between 2016 and 2020 with at least 24 months follow-up.Results Mean follow-up was 44.17 ± 14.95 months. Toric IOLs were implanted in 48 eyes: mean uncorrected LogMAR visual acuity one month after surgery was 0.03 ± 0.09, decreasing to 0.08 ± 0.11 at the last visit (p= .01). Mean refractive cylinder was −0.12 ± 0.36 diopters one month after surgery and −0.25 ± 0.44 diopters at the last follow-up visit, p= .012. Multifocal IOLs were implanted in 42 patients: binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity was −0.02 ± 0.04 one month after surgery and 0.01 ± 0.05 at the last visit (p= .004); near acuity was 0.01 ± 0.03 and 0.04 ± 0.06 respectively (p= .001). In eyes with pseudoexfoliation, absolute spherical equivalent prediction error was 0.22 ± 0.20 diopters for toric and 0.21 ± 0.19 diopters for multifocal IOLs. One month after surgery 68.6% of eyes with toric IOLs and 74.2% of eyes with multifocal IOLs were within ±0.25 diopters of target spherical equivalent and 91.6% and 90.5% were within ±0.5 diopters, respectively. Spherical equivalent did not change significantly during follow-up for either group.Conclusion Prediction error in eyes with pseudoexfoliation implanted with toric or multifocal IOLs was low and similar to values reported for normal eyes. Postoperative refractive cylinder with toric IOLs was low, with little change during follow-up. Visual function in patients receiving multifocal IOLs was excellent. Therefore, the implantation of these IOLs in eyes with pseudoexfoliation does not seem to cause medium-term problems.

Oral care regimens can be explored to improve oral health in patients with gingivitis. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a multicomponent oral care regimen with a dual zinc plus arginine (DZA) toothpaste and cetylpyridinium chloride with zinc lactate (CPC + Zn) mouthwash in reducing gingival bleeding in patients with gingivitis. This randomized clinical trial included 94 participants with gingivitis who were randomized into two groups: the DZA/CPC + Zn group, which used a 1450‐ppm fluoride toothpaste containing 0.96% zinc plus 1.5% arginine and a fluoride‐containing mouthwash with 0.075% CPC and 0.28% zinc lactate, and the control group, which used a 1450‐ppm fluoride toothpaste and a placebo mouthwash for 6 months. All participants were examined by a blinded examiner who measured the gingival index, plaque index, and gingival severity index. Data were analyzed using paired ttest, independent ttest, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Both groups presented statistically significant reductions in all clinical parameters compared to baseline. The DZA/CPC + Zn group exhibited significantly greater reductions in gingival index, gingival severity index, proximal gingival index, plaque index and proximal plaque index compared to the control group at 1, 3, and 6 months. Furthermore, DZA/CPC + Zn significantly decreased the percentage of patients with generalized gingivitis over a 6‐month follow‐up period. However, differences between the DZA/CPC + Zn and the control groups were not maintained after both groups established similar regimens with fluoride toothpaste. The multicomponent oral care regimen consisting of DZA toothpaste and CPC + Zn mouthwash is effective in reducing gingival inflammation and supragingival biofilm in patients with gingivitis.

Even small amounts of elastane in cotton–elastane blended textiles can prevent fiber-to-fiber recycling strategies in textile recycling. Herein, the selective separation of elastane from cotton blends was addressed by the aminolytic degradation of the synthetic component. Polar aprotic solvents were tested as elastane solvents, but side reactions impeded aminolysis with some of them. Aminolysis of elastane succeeded under mild conditions using dimethyl sulfoxide in combination with diethylenetriamine and 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene as a cleaving agent and catalyst, respectively. The analysis of the nitrogen content in the recovered cellulose fraction demonstrated that 2 h of reaction at 80 °C reduced the elastane content to values lower than 0.08%. The characterization of the recovered cellulose showed that the applied conditions did not affect the macromolecular properties of cellulose and maintained a cellulose I crystal structure. Degraded elastane products were recovered through precipitation with water. Finally, the cellulosic component was turned into new fibers by dry-jet wet spinning with excellent tensile properties.

La ultrasonografía transcraneal es una técnica no invasiva y disponible a pie de cama que se ha convertido en una herramienta accesible y consolidada en la evaluación y el manejo clínico de los pacientes neurocríticos. Se trata de una técnica en continuo crecimiento cuyos fundamentos (y sus limitaciones) deben ser conocidos por el intensivista. Esta revisión aporta un enfoque práctico para el intensivista, incluyendo las diferentes ventanas y planos de insonación y su papel en la patología específica propia de los pacientes neurocríticos y en los pacientes críticos de otras etiologías.