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1. Deep learning enables genetic analysis of the human thoracic aorta

Author

Pirruccello, James P., Chaffin, Mark D., Chou, Elizabeth L., Fleming, Stephen J., Lin, Honghuang, Nekoui, Mahan, Khurshid, Shaan, Friedman, Samuel F., Bick, Alexander G., Arduini, Alessandro, Weng, Lu-Chen, Choi, Seung Hoan, Akkad, Amer-Denis, Batra, Puneet, Tucker, Nathan R., Hall, Amelia W., Roselli, Carolina, Benjamin, Emelia J., Vellarikkal, Shamsudheen K., Gupta, Rajat M., Stegmann, Christian M., Juric, Dejan, Stone, James R., Vasan, Ramachandran S., Ho, Jennifer E., Hoffmann, Udo, Lubitz, Steven A., Philippakis, Anthony A., Lindsay, Mark E., and Ellinor, Patrick T.

Abstract

Enlargement or aneurysm of the aorta predisposes to dissection, an important cause of sudden death. We trained a deep learning model to evaluate the dimensions of the ascending and descending thoracic aorta in 4.6 million cardiac magnetic resonance images from the UK Biobank. We then conducted genome-wide association studies in 39,688 individuals, identifying 82 loci associated with ascending and 47 with descending thoracic aortic diameter, of which 14 loci overlapped. Transcriptome-wide analyses, rare-variant burden tests and human aortic single nucleus RNA sequencing prioritized genes including SVIL, which was strongly associated with descending aortic diameter. A polygenic score for ascending aortic diameter was associated with thoracic aortic aneurysm in 385,621 UK Biobank participants (hazard ratio = 1.43 per s.d., confidence interval 1.32–1.54, P= 3.3 × 10−20). Our results illustrate the potential for rapidly defining quantitative traits with deep learning, an approach that can be broadly applied to biomedical images.

Published
2024
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2. Transcriptome variation in human tissues revealed by long-read sequencing

Author

Glinos, Dafni A., Garborcauskas, Garrett, Hoffman, Paul, Ehsan, Nava, Jiang, Lihua, Gokden, Alper, Dai, Xiaoguang, Aguet, François, Brown, Kathleen L., Garimella, Kiran, Bowers, Tera, Costello, Maura, Ardlie, Kristin, Jian, Ruiqi, Tucker, Nathan R., Ellinor, Patrick T., Harrington, Eoghan D., Tang, Hua, Snyder, Michael, Juul, Sissel, Mohammadi, Pejman, MacArthur, Daniel G., Lappalainen, Tuuli, and Cummings, Beryl B.

Abstract

Regulation of transcript structure generates transcript diversity and plays an important role in human disease1–7. The advent of long-read sequencing technologies offers the opportunity to study the role of genetic variation in transcript structure8–16. In this Article, we present a large human long-read RNA-seq dataset using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies platform from 88 samples from Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) tissues and cell lines, complementing the GTEx resource. We identified just over 70,000 novel transcripts for annotated genes, and validated the protein expression of 10% of novel transcripts. We developed a new computational package, LORALS, to analyse the genetic effects of rare and common variants on the transcriptome by allele-specific analysis of long reads. We characterized allele-specific expression and transcript structure events, providing new insights into the specific transcript alterations caused by common and rare genetic variants and highlighting the resolution gained from long-read data. We were able to perturb the transcript structure upon knockdown of PTBP1, an RNA binding protein that mediates splicing, thereby finding genetic regulatory effects that are modified by the cellular environment. Finally, we used this dataset to enhance variant interpretation and study rare variants leading to aberrant splicing patterns.

Published
2022
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3. Single-nucleus profiling of human dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Author

Chaffin, Mark, Papangeli, Irinna, Simonson, Bridget, Akkad, Amer-Denis, Hill, Matthew C., Arduini, Alessandro, Fleming, Stephen J., Melanson, Michelle, Hayat, Sikander, Kost-Alimova, Maria, Atwa, Ondine, Ye, Jiangchuan, Bedi, Kenneth C., Nahrendorf, Matthias, Kaushik, Virendar K., Stegmann, Christian M., Margulies, Kenneth B., Tucker, Nathan R., and Ellinor, Patrick T.

Abstract

Heart failure encompasses a heterogeneous set of clinical features that converge on impaired cardiac contractile function1,2and presents a growing public health concern. Previous work has highlighted changes in both transcription and protein expression in failing hearts3,4, but may overlook molecular changes in less prevalent cell types. Here we identify extensive molecular alterations in failing hearts at single-cell resolution by performing single-nucleus RNA sequencing of nearly 600,000 nuclei in left ventricle samples from 11 hearts with dilated cardiomyopathy and 15 hearts with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy as well as 16 non-failing hearts. The transcriptional profiles of dilated or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy hearts broadly converged at the tissue and cell-type level. Further, a subset of hearts from patients with cardiomyopathy harbour a unique population of activated fibroblasts that is almost entirely absent from non-failing samples. We performed a CRISPR-knockout screen in primary human cardiac fibroblasts to evaluate this fibrotic cell state transition; knockout of genes associated with fibroblast transition resulted in a reduction of myofibroblast cell-state transition upon TGFβ1 stimulation for a subset of genes. Our results provide insights into the transcriptional diversity of the human heart in health and disease as well as new potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for heart failure.

Published
2022
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4. Single-cell meta-analysis of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes across tissues and demographics

Author

Muus, Christoph, Luecken, Malte D., Eraslan, Gökcen, Sikkema, Lisa, Waghray, Avinash, Heimberg, Graham, Kobayashi, Yoshihiko, Vaishnav, Eeshit Dhaval, Subramanian, Ayshwarya, Smillie, Christopher, Jagadeesh, Karthik A., Duong, Elizabeth Thu, Fiskin, Evgenij, Triglia, Elena Torlai, Ansari, Meshal, Cai, Peiwen, Lin, Brian, Buchanan, Justin, Chen, Sijia, Shu, Jian, Haber, Adam L., Chung, Hattie, Montoro, Daniel T., Adams, Taylor, Aliee, Hananeh, Allon, Samuel J., Andrusivova, Zaneta, Angelidis, Ilias, Ashenberg, Orr, Bassler, Kevin, Bécavin, Christophe, Benhar, Inbal, Bergenstråhle, Joseph, Bergenstråhle, Ludvig, Bolt, Liam, Braun, Emelie, Bui, Linh T., Callori, Steven, Chaffin, Mark, Chichelnitskiy, Evgeny, Chiou, Joshua, Conlon, Thomas M., Cuoco, Michael S., Cuomo, Anna S. E., Deprez, Marie, Duclos, Grant, Fine, Denise, Fischer, David S., Ghazanfar, Shila, Gillich, Astrid, Giotti, Bruno, Gould, Joshua, Guo, Minzhe, Gutierrez, Austin J., Habermann, Arun C., Harvey, Tyler, He, Peng, Hou, Xiaomeng, Hu, Lijuan, Hu, Yan, Jaiswal, Alok, Ji, Lu, Jiang, Peiyong, Kapellos, Theodoros S., Kuo, Christin S., Larsson, Ludvig, Leney-Greene, Michael A., Lim, Kyungtae, Litviňuková, Monika, Ludwig, Leif S., Lukassen, Soeren, Luo, Wendy, Maatz, Henrike, Madissoon, Elo, Mamanova, Lira, Manakongtreecheep, Kasidet, Leroy, Sylvie, Mayr, Christoph H., Mbano, Ian M., McAdams, Alexi M., Nabhan, Ahmad N., Nyquist, Sarah K., Penland, Lolita, Poirion, Olivier B., Poli, Sergio, Qi, CanCan, Queen, Rachel, Reichart, Daniel, Rosas, Ivan, Schupp, Jonas C., Shea, Conor V., Shi, Xingyi, Sinha, Rahul, Sit, Rene V., Slowikowski, Kamil, Slyper, Michal, Smith, Neal P., Sountoulidis, Alex, Strunz, Maximilian, Sullivan, Travis B., Sun, Dawei, Talavera-López, Carlos, Tan, Peng, Tantivit, Jessica, Travaglini, Kyle J., Tucker, Nathan R., Vernon, Katherine A., Wadsworth, Marc H., Waldman, Julia, Wang, Xiuting, Xu, Ke, Yan, Wenjun, Zhao, William, and Ziegler, Carly G. K.

Abstract

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and accessory proteases (TMPRSS2 and CTSL) are needed for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cellular entry, and their expression may shed light on viral tropism and impact across the body. We assessed the cell-type-specific expression of ACE2, TMPRSS2and CTSLacross 107 single-cell RNA-sequencing studies from different tissues. ACE2, TMPRSS2and CTSLare coexpressed in specific subsets of respiratory epithelial cells in the nasal passages, airways and alveoli, and in cells from other organs associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission or pathology. We performed a meta-analysis of 31 lung single-cell RNA-sequencing studies with 1,320,896 cells from 377 nasal, airway and lung parenchyma samples from 228 individuals. This revealed cell-type-specific associations of age, sex and smoking with expression levels of ACE2, TMPRSS2and CTSL. Expression of entry factors increased with age and in males, including in airway secretory cells and alveolar type 2 cells. Expression programs shared by ACE2+TMPRSS2+cells in nasal, lung and gut tissues included genes that may mediate viral entry, key immune functions and epithelial–macrophage cross-talk, such as genes involved in the interleukin-6, interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor and complement pathways. Cell-type-specific expression patterns may contribute to the pathogenesis of COVID-19, and our work highlights putative molecular pathways for therapeutic intervention.

Published
2021
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5. Transcriptional and Cellular Diversity of the Human Heart

Author

Tucker, Nathan R., Chaffin, Mark, Fleming, Stephen J., Hall, Amelia W., Parsons, Victoria A., Bedi, Kenneth C., Akkad, Amer-Denis, Herndon, Caroline N., Arduini, Alessandro, Papangeli, Irinna, Roselli, Carolina, Aguet, François, Choi, Seung Hoan, Ardlie, Kristin G., Babadi, Mehrtash, Margulies, Kenneth B., Stegmann, Christian M., and Ellinor, Patrick T.

Abstract

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

Published
2020
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6. Myocyte-Specific Upregulation of ACE2in Cardiovascular Disease

Author

Tucker, Nathan R., Chaffin, Mark, Bedi, Kenneth C., Papangeli, Irinna, Akkad, Amer-Denis, Arduini, Alessandro, Hayat, Sikander, Eraslan, Gökcen, Muus, Christoph, Bhattacharyya, Roby P., Stegmann, Christian M., Margulies, Kenneth B., and Ellinor, Patrick T.

Abstract

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

Published
2020
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7. Multi-ethnic genome-wide association study for atrial fibrillation

Author

Roselli, Carolina, Chaffin, Mark D., Weng, Lu-Chen, Aeschbacher, Stefanie, Ahlberg, Gustav, Albert, Christine M., Almgren, Peter, Alonso, Alvaro, Anderson, Christopher D., Aragam, Krishna G., Arking, Dan E., Barnard, John, Bartz, Traci M., Benjamin, Emelia J., Bihlmeyer, Nathan A., Bis, Joshua C., Bloom, Heather L., Boerwinkle, Eric, Bottinger, Erwin B., Brody, Jennifer A., Calkins, Hugh, Campbell, Archie, Cappola, Thomas P., Carlquist, John, Chasman, Daniel I., Chen, Lin Y., Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Choi, Eue-Keun, Choi, Seung Hoan, Christophersen, Ingrid E., Chung, Mina K., Cole, John W., Conen, David, Cook, James, Crijns, Harry J., Cutler, Michael J., Damrauer, Scott M., Daniels, Brian R., Darbar, Dawood, Delgado, Graciela, Denny, Joshua C., Dichgans, Martin, Dörr, Marcus, Dudink, Elton A., Dudley, Samuel C., Esa, Nada, Esko, Tonu, Eskola, Markku, Fatkin, Diane, Felix, Stephan B., Ford, Ian, Franco, Oscar H., Geelhoed, Bastiaan, Grewal, Raji P., Gudnason, Vilmundur, Guo, Xiuqing, Gupta, Namrata, Gustafsson, Stefan, Gutmann, Rebecca, Hamsten, Anders, Harris, Tamara B., Hayward, Caroline, Heckbert, Susan R., Hernesniemi, Jussi, Hocking, Lynne J., Hofman, Albert, Horimoto, Andrea R. V. R., Huang, Jie, Huang, Paul L., Huffman, Jennifer, Ingelsson, Erik, Ipek, Esra Gucuk, Ito, Kaoru, Jimenez-Conde, Jordi, Johnson, Renee, Jukema, J. Wouter, Kääb, Stefan, Kähönen, Mika, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Kane, John P., Kastrati, Adnan, Kathiresan, Sekar, Katschnig-Winter, Petra, Kavousi, Maryam, Kessler, Thorsten, Kietselaer, Bas L., Kirchhof, Paulus, Kleber, Marcus E., Knight, Stacey, Krieger, Jose E., Kubo, Michiaki, Launer, Lenore J., Laurikka, Jari, Lehtimäki, Terho, Leineweber, Kirsten, Lemaitre, Rozenn N., Li, Man, Lim, Hong Euy, Lin, Henry J., Lin, Honghuang, Lind, Lars, Lindgren, Cecilia M., Lokki, Marja-Liisa, London, Barry, Loos, Ruth J. F., Low, Siew-Kee, Lu, Yingchang, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Macfarlane, Peter W., Magnusson, Patrik K., Mahajan, Anubha, Malik, Rainer, Mansur, Alfredo J., Marcus, Gregory M., Margolin, Lauren, Margulies, Kenneth B., März, Winfried, McManus, David D., Melander, Olle, Mohanty, Sanghamitra, Montgomery, Jay A., Morley, Michael P., Morris, Andrew P., Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Natale, Andrea, Nazarian, Saman, Neumann, Benjamin, Newton-Cheh, Christopher, Niemeijer, Maartje N., Nikus, Kjell, Nilsson, Peter, Noordam, Raymond, Oellers, Heidi, Olesen, Morten S., Orho-Melander, Marju, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Pak, Hui-Nam, Paré, Guillaume, Pedersen, Nancy L., Pera, Joanna, Pereira, Alexandre, Porteous, David, Psaty, Bruce M., Pulit, Sara L., Pullinger, Clive R., Rader, Daniel J., Refsgaard, Lena, Ribasés, Marta, Ridker, Paul M., Rienstra, Michiel, Risch, Lorenz, Roden, Dan M., Rosand, Jonathan, Rosenberg, Michael A., Rost, Natalia, Rotter, Jerome I., Saba, Samir, Sandhu, Roopinder K., Schnabel, Renate B., Schramm, Katharina, Schunkert, Heribert, Schurman, Claudia, Scott, Stuart A., Seppälä, Ilkka, Shaffer, Christian, Shah, Svati, Shalaby, Alaa A., Shim, Jaemin, Shoemaker, M. Benjamin, Siland, Joylene E., Sinisalo, Juha, Sinner, Moritz F., Slowik, Agnieszka, Smith, Albert V., Smith, Blair H., Smith, J. Gustav, Smith, Jonathan D., Smith, Nicholas L., Soliman, Elsayed Z., Sotoodehnia, Nona, Stricker, Bruno H., Sun, Albert, Sun, Han, Svendsen, Jesper H., Tanaka, Toshihiro, Tanriverdi, Kahraman, Taylor, Kent D., Teder-Laving, Maris, Teumer, Alexander, Thériault, Sébastien, Trompet, Stella, Tucker, Nathan R., Tveit, Arnljot, Uitterlinden, Andre G., Van Der Harst, Pim, Van Gelder, Isabelle C., Van Wagoner, David R., Verweij, Niek, Vlachopoulou, Efthymia, Völker, Uwe, Wang, Biqi, Weeke, Peter E., Weijs, Bob, Weiss, Raul, Weiss, Stefan, Wells, Quinn S., Wiggins, Kerri L., Wong, Jorge A., Woo, Daniel, Worrall, Bradford B., Yang, Pil-Sung, Yao, Jie, Yoneda, Zachary T., Zeller, Tanja, Zeng, Lingyao, Lubitz, Steven A., Lunetta, Kathryn L., and Ellinor, Patrick T.

Abstract

Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects more than 33 million individuals worldwide1and has a complex heritability2. We conducted the largest meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for AF to date, consisting of more than half a million individuals, including 65,446 with AF. In total, we identified 97 loci significantly associated with AF, including 67 that were novel in a combined-ancestry analysis, and 3 that were novel in a European-specific analysis. We sought to identify AF-associated genes at the GWAS loci by performing RNA-sequencing and expression quantitative trait locus analyses in 101 left atrial samples, the most relevant tissue for AF. We also performed transcriptome-wide analyses that identified 57 AF-associated genes, 42 of which overlap with GWAS loci. The identified loci implicate genes enriched within cardiac developmental, electrophysiological, contractile and structural pathways. These results extend our understanding of the biological pathways underlying AF and may facilitate the development of therapeutics for AF.

Published
2018
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8. Large-scale analyses of common and rare variants identify 12 new loci associated with atrial fibrillation

Author

Christophersen, Ingrid E, Rienstra, Michiel, Roselli, Carolina, Yin, Xiaoyan, Geelhoed, Bastiaan, Barnard, John, Lin, Honghuang, Arking, Dan E, Smith, Albert V, Albert, Christine M, Chaffin, Mark, Tucker, Nathan R, Li, Molong, Klarin, Derek, Bihlmeyer, Nathan A, Low, Siew-Kee, Weeke, Peter E, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Smith, J Gustav, Brody, Jennifer A, Niemeijer, Maartje N, Dörr, Marcus, Trompet, Stella, Huffman, Jennifer, Gustafsson, Stefan, Schurmann, Claudia, Kleber, Marcus E, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Seppälä, Ilkka, Malik, Rainer, Horimoto, Andrea R V R, Perez, Marco, Sinisalo, Juha, Aeschbacher, Stefanie, Thériault, Sébastien, Yao, Jie, Radmanesh, Farid, Weiss, Stefan, Teumer, Alexander, Choi, Seung Hoan, Weng, Lu-Chen, Clauss, Sebastian, Deo, Rajat, Rader, Daniel J, Shah, Svati H, Sun, Albert, Hopewell, Jemma C, Debette, Stephanie, Chauhan, Ganesh, Yang, Qiong, Worrall, Bradford B, Paré, Guillaume, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Hagemeijer, Yanick P, Verweij, Niek, Siland, Joylene E, Kubo, Michiaki, Smith, Jonathan D, Van Wagoner, David R, Bis, Joshua C, Perz, Siegfried, Psaty, Bruce M, Ridker, Paul M, Magnani, Jared W, Harris, Tamara B, Launer, Lenore J, Shoemaker, M Benjamin, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Haessler, Jeffrey, Bartz, Traci M, Waldenberger, Melanie, Lichtner, Peter, Arendt, Marina, Krieger, Jose E, Kähönen, Mika, Risch, Lorenz, Mansur, Alfredo J, Peters, Annette, Smith, Blair H, Lind, Lars, Scott, Stuart A, Lu, Yingchang, Bottinger, Erwin B, Hernesniemi, Jussi, Lindgren, Cecilia M, Wong, Jorge A, Huang, Jie, Eskola, Markku, Morris, Andrew P, Ford, Ian, Reiner, Alex P, Delgado, Graciela, Chen, Lin Y, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Sandhu, Roopinder K, Li, Man, Boerwinkle, Eric, Eisele, Lewin, Lannfelt, Lars, Rost, Natalia, Anderson, Christopher D, Taylor, Kent D, Campbell, Archie, Magnusson, Patrik K, Porteous, David, Hocking, Lynne J, Vlachopoulou, Efthymia, Pedersen, Nancy L, Nikus, Kjell, Orho-Melander, Marju, Hamsten, Anders, Heeringa, Jan, Denny, Joshua C, Kriebel, Jennifer, Darbar, Dawood, Newton-Cheh, Christopher, Shaffer, Christian, Macfarlane, Peter W, Heilmann-Heimbach, Stefanie, Almgren, Peter, Huang, Paul L, Sotoodehnia, Nona, Soliman, Elsayed Z, Uitterlinden, Andre G, Hofman, Albert, Franco, Oscar H, Völker, Uwe, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Sinner, Moritz F, Lin, Henry J, Guo, Xiuqing, Dichgans, Martin, Ingelsson, Erik, Kooperberg, Charles, Melander, Olle, Loos, Ruth J F, Laurikka, Jari, Conen, David, Rosand, Jonathan, van der Harst, Pim, Lokki, Marja-Liisa, Kathiresan, Sekar, Pereira, Alexandre, Jukema, J Wouter, Hayward, Caroline, Rotter, Jerome I, März, Winfried, Lehtimäki, Terho, Stricker, Bruno H, Chung, Mina K, Felix, Stephan B, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Alonso, Alvaro, Roden, Dan M, Kääb, Stefan, Chasman, Daniel I, Heckbert, Susan R, Benjamin, Emelia J, Tanaka, Toshihiro, Lunetta, Kathryn L, Lubitz, Steven A, and Ellinor, Patrick T

Abstract

Atrial fibrillation affects more than 33 million people worldwide and increases the risk of stroke, heart failure, and death. Fourteen genetic loci have been associated with atrial fibrillation in European and Asian ancestry groups. To further define the genetic basis of atrial fibrillation, we performed large-scale, trans-ancestry meta-analyses of common and rare variant association studies. The genome-wide association studies (GWAS) included 17,931 individuals with atrial fibrillation and 115,142 referents; the exome-wide association studies (ExWAS) and rare variant association studies (RVAS) involved 22,346 cases and 132,086 referents. We identified 12 new genetic loci that exceeded genome-wide significance, implicating genes involved in cardiac electrical and structural remodeling. Our results nearly double the number of known genetic loci for atrial fibrillation, provide insights into the molecular basis of atrial fibrillation, and may facilitate the identification of new potential targets for drug discovery.

Published
2017
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10. Abstract 14422: Molecular Pathogenesis of Cardiac Microthrombi in Fatal Covid-19: Insights from Clinico-histopathologic and Single Nuclei RNA Sequencing Analyses

Author

Fukuma, Nobuaki J, Brener, Michael, Hulke, Michelle, Fukuma, Nobuaki, Golob, Stephanie, Zilinyi, Robert, Zhou, Zhipeng, Tzimas, Christos, Russo, Ilaria, McGroder, Claire, Chong, Alexander, Pfeiffer, Ryan, Geping, Zhang, Uhlemann, Anne-Catrin, Moses, Jeffrey, Leon, Martin, Burkhoff, Daniel, Maurer, Mathew, Redfors, Bjorn, Uriel, Nir, Szabolcs, Matthias, Marboe, Charles C, Baldwin, Matthew, and Tucker, Nathan R

Abstract

Cardiac microthrombi are postulated to underlie cardiac injury in critical COVID-19. To determine pathogenic mechanism(s) of cardiac injury in fatal COVID-19, we conducted a single-center prospective cohort study of 69 consecutive COVID-19 decedents. Microthrombi was the most commonly detected acute cardiac histopathologic feature (n=48, 70%). We tested associations of cardiac microthrombi with biomarkers of inflammation, cardiac injury, and fibrinolysis and with in-hospital antiplatelet therapy, therapeutic anticoagulation, and corticosteroid treatment, while adjusting for multiple clinical factors, including COVID-19 therapies. Higher peak ESR and CRP during hospitalization were independently associated with higher odds of microthrombi (ESR, Pnon-linearity0.015, Passociation=0.008; CRP per 20mg/L increase, OR 1.17, 95%CI 1.00-1.36). Using single nuclei RNA-sequence analysis, we discovered an enrichment of prothrombotic, anti-fibrinolytic, and extracellular matrix signaling amongst cardiac fibroblasts in microthrombi-positive COVID-19 hearts, compared with microthrombi-negative COVID-19 hearts and non-COVID-19 donor hearts. Our cumulative findings identify these specific transcriptomic changes in cardiac fibroblasts as salient features of COVID-19-associated cardiac microthrombi.

Published
2021
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11. Abstract 8955: Cardiopulmonary Phenotyping of Sex-Based Differences in a Feline Model of HFpEF

Author

Eaton, Deborah M, Berretta, Remus M, Lynch, Jacqueline E, Travers, Joshua G, Woulfe, Kathleen C, Pfeiffer, Ryan D, Hulke, Michelle L, Hobby, Alexander R, Schena, Giana, Johnson, Jaslyn P, Wallner, Markus, Tucker, Nathan R, McKinsey, Timothy A, Wolfson, Marla R, and Houser, Steven R

Abstract

Introduction:Approximately 50% of all heart failure (HF) diagnoses can be classified as HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), which has no FDA approved therapies. HFpEF is more prevalent in females compared to males, but the underlying mechanisms for the development as a sex-based disorder are unknown. We previously described how slow progressive pressure overload (PO) in male felines recapitulates the HFpEF phenotype but have not investigated the female phenotype.Hypothesis:Females will develop a less severe HFpEF phenotype compared to males under the same pathological stress.Methods & Results:Male (m) and female (f) domestic short felines (age 2mo) underwent aortic constriction (m: n=11; f: n=10) using a customized pre-shaped band or a sham procedure (m: n=7; f: n=7). Before surgery (baseline), there was no difference in body weight (BW) between groups and lung compliance was not different. Echocardiography revealed no significant difference in the ratio of left atrium to aortic root (LA/Ao), LA ejection fraction (LA EF), left ventricle (LV) ejection fraction, LV wall-thickness, and E/A ratio. By 4mo post-surgery, both males and females had developed cardiac dysfunction and decreased lung compliance. At this time, females had significantly smaller BWs than males. Despite the difference in BW, LV wall thickness and changes in E/A ratio were similar in both sexes in banded vs. shams. Importantly, LV EF did not change in any group. There was a decrease in LA EF and increased LA/Ao in all banded animals. Invasive hemodynamics at 4mo post-surgery showed no differences between sexes for the systolic pressure gradient generated by aortic banding. Banded males had higher LV end-diastolic pressure vs. banded females (m: 15.0±2.7mmHg; f: 8.1±1.9mmHg). However, there was a trend towards prolongation of tau and lower dp/dtminin banded females, suggestive of abnormal relaxation. There were no differences between banded males and females in heart weight/BW or cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area and both developed fibrosis.Conclusions:Exposure of male and female felines to PO resulted in similar cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and decreased lung compliance. Females had lower LVEDP than males suggesting they may be protected from diastolic dysfunction.

Published
2021
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12. Abstract 10573: Epigenetic Analyses of Human Left Atrial Tissue Identifies Gene Networks Underlying Atrial Fibrillation

Author

Hall, Amelia W, Tucker, Nathan R, Chaffin, Mark, Roselli, Carolina, Lin, Honghuang, Bianchi, Valerio, Geeven, Geert, Bedi, Kenneth C, Margulies, Kenneth, De Laat, Wouter, and Ellinor, Patrick T

Abstract

Introduction:Atrial fibrillation (AF) often arises from dysfunction in the left atrium (LA), a tissue with limited annotation of the non-coding genome and its effects on gene expression. As many AF-associated genetic variants reside in these regions, this knowledge gap hinders efforts to understand AF biology.Methods:In order to generate a model of the LA non-coding genome, we profiled 7 histone post-translational modifications (active: H3K4me3, H3K4me2, H3K4me1, H3K27ac, H3K36me3; repressive: H3K27me3, H3K9me3), CTCFbinding, and gene expression in 4 LA samples from individuals without structural heart disease or AF. We used MACS2 to identify peak regions (P < 0.01), applied a Markov model approach to classify regulatory elements, and then annotated with gene expression. In order to better relate this model with disease biology, we then intersected chromatin states with independently derived eQTL, DNA methylation, and HiC long-range chromatin interaction data from primary human LA and left ventricle.Results:Our model identified 21 states, which recapitulate regulatory motifs such as promoters, enhancers, and repressed regions. Genes were actively regulated by proximal chromatin states, and repressive states was associated with a significant reduction in gene expression (P < 2x10-16). Further, chromatin states were differentially methylated, with promoters being less methylated than repressed regions (P < 2x10-16). For enhancer-gene associations, we identified 142 significantly enriched pathways (P < 0.05; FDR). Intersecting AF, PR, and QT SNP loci with cell type specific promoters identified a gene interaction network dominated by CAV1, CDKN1A, CREBP, NKX2-5and SYNPO2L.Discussion:Our profiling of the non-coding genome in human LA provides new insights into the gene expression and chromatin regulation within this AF-associated tissue. Further analyses of these data will be used to inform the relationship between GWAS variants and AF pathology.

Published
2019
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13. Genome-Wide Association Study–Driven Gene-Set Analyses, Genetic, and Functional Follow-Up Suggest GLIS1as a Susceptibility Gene for Mitral Valve Prolapse

Author

Yu, Mengyao, Georges, Adrien, Tucker, Nathan R., Kyryachenko, Sergiy, Toomer, Katelyn, Schott, Jean-Jacques, Delling, Francesca N., Fernandez-Friera, Leticia, Solis, Jorge, Ellinor, Patrick T., Levine, Robert A., Slaugenhaupt, Susan A., Hagège, Albert A., Dina, Christian, Jeunemaitre, Xavier, Milan, David J., Norris, Russell A., and Bouatia-Naji, Nabila

Abstract

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

Published
2019
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16. Genetic Reduction in Left Ventricular Protein Kinase C-α and Adverse Ventricular Remodeling in Human Subjects

Author

Hu, Ray, Morley, Michael P., Brandimarto, Jeffrey, Tucker, Nathan R., Parsons, Victoria A., Zhao, Sihai D., Meder, Benjamin, Katus, Hugo A., Rühle, Frank, Stoll, Monika, Villard, Eric, Cambien, François, Lin, Honghuang, Smith, Nicholas L., Felix, Janine F., Vasan, Ramachandran S., van der Harst, Pim, Newton-Cheh, Christopher, Li, Jin, Kim, Cecilia E., Hakonarson, Hakon, Hannenhalli, Sridhar, Ashley, Euan A., Moravec, Christine S., Tang, W.H. Wilson, Maillet, Marjorie, Molkentin, Jeffery D., Ellinor, Patrick T., Margulies, Kenneth B., and Cappola, Thomas P

Abstract

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

Published
2018
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17. Novel Mutation in FLNC(Filamin C) Causes Familial Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Author

Tucker, Nathan R., McLellan, Micheal A., Hu, Dongjian, Ye, Jiangchuan, Parsons, Victoria A., Mills, Robert W., Clauss, Sebastian, Dolmatova, Elena, Shea, Marisa A., Milan, David J., Scott, Nandita S., Lindsay, Mark, Lubitz, Steven A., Domian, Ibrahim J., Stone, James R., Lin, Honghuang, and Ellinor, Patrick T.

Abstract

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

Published
2017
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18. Diminished PRRX1Expression Is Associated With Increased Risk of Atrial Fibrillation and Shortening of the Cardiac Action Potential

Author

Tucker, Nathan R., Dolmatova, Elena V., Lin, Honghuang, Cooper, Rebecca R., Ye, Jiangchuan, Hucker, William J., Jameson, Heather S., Parsons, Victoria A., Weng, Lu-Chen, Mills, Robert W., Sinner, Moritz F., Imakaev, Maxim, Leyton-Mange, Jordan, Vlahakes, Gus, Benjamin, Emelia J., Lunetta, Kathryn L., Lubitz, Steven A., Mirny, Leonid, Milan, David J., and Ellinor, Patrick T.

Abstract

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Published
2017
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19. Erratum: Large-scale analyses of common and rare variants identify 12 new loci associated with atrial fibrillation

Author

Christophersen, Ingrid E, Rienstra, Michiel, Roselli, Carolina, Yin, Xiaoyan, Geelhoed, Bastiaan, Barnard, John, Lin, Honghuang, Arking, Dan E, Smith, Albert V, Albert, Christine M, Chaffin, Mark, Tucker, Nathan R, Li, Molong, Klarin, Derek, Bihlmeyer, Nathan A, Low, Siew-Kee, Weeke, Peter E, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Smith, J Gustav, Brody, Jennifer A, Niemeijer, Maartje N, Dörr, Marcus, Trompet, Stella, Huffman, Jennifer, Gustafsson, Stefan, Schurmann, Claudia, Kleber, Marcus E, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Seppälä, Ilkka, Malik, Rainer, R V R Horimoto, Andrea, Perez, Marco, Sinisalo, Juha, Aeschbacher, Stefanie, Thériault, Sébastien, Yao, Jie, Radmanesh, Farid, Weiss, Stefan, Teumer, Alexander, Choi, Seung Hoan, Weng, Lu-Chen, Clauss, Sebastian, Deo, Rajat, Rader, Daniel J, Shah, Svati H, Sun, Albert, Hopewell, Jemma C, Debette, Stephanie, Chauhan, Ganesh, Yang, Qiong, Worrall, Bradford B, Paré, Guillaume, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Hagemeijer, Yanick P, Verweij, Niek, Siland, Joylene E, Kubo, Michiaki, Smith, Jonathan D, Van Wagoner, David R, Bis, Joshua C, Perz, Siegfried, Psaty, Bruce M, Ridker, Paul M, Magnani, Jared W, Harris, Tamara B, Launer, Lenore J, Shoemaker, M Benjamin, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Haessler, Jeffrey, Bartz, Traci M, Waldenberger, Melanie, Lichtner, Peter, Arendt, Marina, Krieger, Jose E, Kähönen, Mika, Risch, Lorenz, Mansur, Alfredo J, Peters, Annette, Smith, Blair H, Lind, Lars, Scott, Stuart A, Lu, Yingchang, Bottinger, Erwin B, Hernesniemi, Jussi, Lindgren, Cecilia M, Wong, Jorge A, Huang, Jie, Eskola, Markku, Morris, Andrew P, Ford, Ian, Reiner, Alex P, Delgado, Graciela, Chen, Lin Y, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Sandhu, Roopinder K, Li, Man, Boerwinkle, Eric, Eisele, Lewin, Lannfelt, Lars, Rost, Natalia, Anderson, Christopher D, Taylor, Kent D, Campbell, Archie, Magnusson, Patrik K, Porteous, David, Hocking, Lynne J, Vlachopoulou, Efthymia, Pedersen, Nancy L, Nikus, Kjell, Orho-Melander, Marju, Hamsten, Anders, Heeringa, Jan, Denny, Joshua C, Kriebel, Jennifer, Darbar, Dawood, Newton-Cheh, Christopher, Shaffer, Christian, Macfarlane, Peter W, Heilmann-Heimbach, Stefanie, Almgren, Peter, Huang, Paul L, Sotoodehnia, Nona, Soliman, Elsayed Z, Uitterlinden, Andre G, Hofman, Albert, Franco, Oscar H, Völker, Uwe, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Sinner, Moritz F, Lin, Henry J, Guo, Xiuqing, Dichgans, Martin, Ingelsson, Erik, Kooperberg, Charles, Melander, Olle, J F Loos, Ruth, Laurikka, Jari, Conen, David, Rosand, Jonathan, van der Harst, Pim, Lokki, Marja-Liisa, Kathiresan, Sekar, Pereira, Alexandre, Jukema, J Wouter, Hayward, Caroline, Rotter, Jerome I, März, Winfried, Lehtimäki, Terho, Stricker, Bruno H, Chung, Mina K, Felix, Stephan B, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Alonso, Alvaro, Roden, Dan M, Kääb, Stefan, Chasman, Daniel I, Heckbert, Susan R, Benjamin, Emelia J, Tanaka, Toshihiro, Lunetta, Kathryn L, Lubitz, Steven A, and Ellinor, Patrick T

Published
2017
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