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Tobacco mosaic virus coat protein (TMV-CP), as a potential target for the development of antiviral agents, can assist in the long-distance movement of viruses and plays an extremely important role in virus replication and propagation. This work focuses on the synthesis and the action mechanism of novel 4H-pyrazolo[3,4-d] pyrimidin-4-one hydrazine derivatives. The synthesized compounds exhibited promising antiviral activity on TMV. Specifically, compound G2exhibited high inactivating activity (93%) toward TMV, slightly better than commercial reagent NNM (90%). The action of mechanism was further explored by employed molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, microscale thermophoresis, qRT-PCR, and transmission electron microscopy. Results indicated that G2had the capability to interact with amino acid residues such as Trp352, Tyr139, and Asn73in the active pocket of TMV-CP, creating strong hydrophobic interactions and thus obstructing the virus’s self-assembly.

This study investigates the characteristics on different channel lengths for a sequence of Si3N4 and SiO2 deposition as PV of LTPS TFTs. After analyzing the subthreshold swing (SS) of the initial condition and change in the $\Delta \text{V}_{\text{TH}}$ after NBTI and PBTI operations, a degradation mechanism is identified. When Si3N4 is deposited as the first layer of passivation (PV), hydrogen diffuses into the channel owing to activation or thermal annealing. As the channel length decreases, the hydrogen concentration increases at the center of the channel for devices with Si3N4 as the first layer of PV. Elevated hydrogen concentrations in the center of short channel devices lead to a debased SS. Moreover, the more positive fixed oxide charges create a more pronounced degradation after NBTI operation. On the other hand, PBTI performance shows a milder degradation with decreasing channel length due to fewer trapping charges. Finally, the hydrogen concentration is verified using SIMS. In summary, the heightened degradation of NBTI with device scaling is attributed to excess hydrogen on channel center during Si3N4 film deposition. The uneven hydrogen distribution also contributes the different SS and the different degradation after PBTI operation with different channel length.

Background: The seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among Canadians is estimated at 0.3% to 0.9%. Of those with chronic HCV infection, 10% to 20% will experience advanced liver disease by 30 years of infection. Targeted screening seems a plausible strategy. We aimed to estimate the health and economic effects of various screening and treatment strategies for chronic HCV infection in Canada. Methods: We used a state-transition model to examine the cost-effectiveness of 4 screening strategies: no screening; screen and treat with pegylated interferon plus ribavarin; screen and treat with pegylated interferon and ribavarin-based direct-acting antiviral agents; and screen and treat with interferon-free direct-acting antivirals. We considered Canadian residents in 2 age groups: 25-64 and 45-64 years of age. We obtained model data from the literature. We predicted deaths related to chronic HCV infection, costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. Results: We found that screening and treating would prevent at least 9 HCV-related deaths per 10 000 persons screened over the lifetime of the cohort. Screening was associated with QALY increases of 0.0032 to 0.0095 and cost increases of $124 to $338 per person, which translated to an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $34 359 to $44 034 per QALY gained, relative to no screening, depending on age group screened and antiviral therapy received. Interpretation: A selective one-time HCV screening program for people 25-64 or 45-64 years of age in Canada would likely be cost-effective. Identification of silent cases of chronic HCV infection and the offer of treatment when appropriate could extend the lives of Canadians at reasonable cost., The growing burden of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection poses a significant public health concern. A recent study of disease burden in Ontario ranked hepatitis C first among all [...]

In this work, the supercritical oxygen treatment is proposed to passivate the defects of enhancement-mode p-GaN high-electron mobility transistors. After the treatment, the treated device gets enhanced in ON-state current and transconductance without changing the threshold voltage. Thus, the supercritical oxygen may not affect Mg doping concentration of the p-GaN layer, degrading the p-GaN layer after the treatment. The statistical analysis indicates uniformity of devices is improved after the treatment. The gate lag and pulsed $\text{I}_{\text {D}}$ - $\text{V}_{\text {D}}$ measurements are proposed to examine the interface between the passivation layer and the AlGaN layer. The few trapped electrons in defects exhibit the suppression of the charge trapping effect. Based on these results mentioned above, the physical model is proposed to explain the phenomenon. The pristine passivation layer has a number of dangling bonds which capture the electrons and lead to the charge trapping effect. The supercritical oxygen permeates into material matrix, repairing the dangling bonds. Therefore, the technique exhibits potential for power device improvement, enabling effective practical application in the future.

This work investigates the abnormal phenomena that are observed in electrical characteristics under negative bias stress (NBS) in flexible p-channel low-temperature polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors (p-channel LTPS TFTs) after TFTs being lifted off from a rigid substrate. During the lift-off process, mechanical strain accumulates in the buffer layer due to the unilateral force, thus resulting in the generation of defects in the buffer layer. Therefore, abnormal degradation behaviors in electrical characteristics of the lifted-off TFTs were observed during negative gate bias stress. A study on physical mechanisms is introduced to describe such abnormal phenomena, and it is confirmed that defects are produced in the buffer layer when the LTPS TFTs are lifted off. In addition, different device dimensions were discussed to support our proposed model. The findings in this work are supported by the discussion of electrical characteristics, trap state extraction, and COMSOL simulation.

AbstractThis research investigates the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR), industrial integration, and economic growth in realising financial constraints using firm’s level attributes of sustainable performance. In doing so, this study utilised annual data of 555 Chinese real estate firms from 2015 to 2019 and applied a spatial effect model (SEM) to integrate spatial effects. This study also used two-step Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) and two-stage least square (2SLS) methods to deal with possible endogeneity. Manifestly, we have constructed a mathematical derivation framework based on linear algebra and offer easy computing Moran's index. The preliminary results revealed that CSR, industrial integration, and economic growth reduce financial constraints of listed real estate companies in China. However, these effects are not persistent at different stages of development. The findings of Moran index describe that the early and growth stages of CSR instigate financial constraints while the mature stage of CSR produces inhibitory effects that reduce financial constraints. Notably, these effects also varied across different regions. This outcome offers valuable policy recommendations.

Nowadays, online social networks such as Twitter, Digg, and so on have become extremely popular thanks to the provision of unprecedented quantities of data to network users. This event has encouraged many studies of information diffusion in online social networks, especially in the mechanism and dynamics of the information diffusion process over such networks. Many previous studies of information diffusion in social networks have been based on experimental analyses or differential equations with temporal dimensions. Some recent studies have developed the information diffusion process using the heat transfer equations, the reaction–diffusion equations, or the hydrodynamic equations. This paper proposes a model called Ordinary Differential Information Diffusion or ODID to study both temporal and spatial patterns of the information diffusion process in online social networks. By using the formulation of ordinary differential equations, this model is constructed with friendship, relationships, and interactions between network users without quite relying on geometric linkages of the underlying network. The model is validated by the Digg data set whereby it is confirmed that with 95% confidence the ODID computations are not significantly different from the actual data and the average prediction accuracy of the model is about 98.78%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, isoxazole insecticides or parasiticides targeting the γ-aminobutyric acid receptor, such as fluralaner or fluxametamide, featured a novel chemical structure and exhibited potent insecticidal activity with no-cross resistance. Thus, many research institutes have tried to modify the structures of these agents to find a new insecticide. Previously, the majority of researchers stuck to the “phenyl-isoxazole-phenyl” structure, making modifications only to other components. In this study, the “phenyl-isoxazole-phenyl” ternary motif was modified for the first time based on bioisosterism theory. A series of new derivatives carrying pyrazoline and 1,3,4-oxadiazole moieties were designed and synthesized to investigate their insecticidal activities against the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) and fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda). Preliminary bioassay data showed that some of the target compounds exhibited good insecticidal activities against P. xylostellaand S. frugiperda. Especially, compound A21showed insecticidal activity against P. xylostella(LC50= 1.2 μg/mL) better than commercial insecticide ethiprole (LC50= 2.9 μg/mL) but worse than parasiticide fluralaner (LC50= 0.5 μg/mL). Similarly, compound A21exhibited insecticidal activity to S. frugiperda(LC50= 13.2 μg/mL) better than commercial insecticide fipronil (LC50= 78.8 μg/mL) but worse than fluralaner (LC50= 0.7 μg/mL). Compound A21could serve as a potential lead compound to control P. xylostellaand S. frugiperda. The three-dimensional quantitative structure–activity relationship model revealed that the further introduction of an electron-donating group in the 2- or 3-site may increase the insecticidal activity of A21. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that the hydrogen bond of A21and receptor was important for the binding receptor. This study has identified a new substructure called “phenyl-pyrroline-oxadiazole” instead of the previously known “phenyl-isoxazole-phenyl” substructure, offering a useful guide for the design of novel insecticide molecules.

Chemicals that modulate phytohormones serve as a research tool in plant science and as products to improve crop productivity. Subtype selectivity refers to a ligand to selectively bind to specific subtypes of a receptor rather than binding to all possible subtypes indiscriminately. It allows for precise and specific control of cellular functions and is widely used in medicine. However, subtype selectivity is rarely mentioned in the realm of plant science, and it requires integrated knowledge from chemistry and biology, including structural features of small molecules as ligands, the redundancy of target proteins, and the response of signaling factors. Here, we present a comprehensive review and evaluation of phytohormone receptor subtype selectivity, leveraging the chemical characteristics of phytohormones and their analogues as clues. This work endeavors to provide a valuable research strategy that integrates knowledge from chemistry and biology to advance research efforts geared toward enhancing crop productivity.

There is a framework providing some general guidance to interpret the levels of parameter uncertainty of the probabilistic analysis in economic evaluations. Given that this framework may not fully address underlying causes for the uncertainty, we sought to extend it for two specific scenarios. We provided the mathematical interpretations and conducted simulation studies for two scenarios. The first study examined a case where the intervention and control strategies were associated with different health states (e.g., active surveillance versus surgery for treatment of non-invasive cancer). The second study evaluated the quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), estimated from reported summary statistics (i.e., mean and standard deviation) of longitudinal post-treatment utility data from a clinical trial. The first simulation study showed that the magnitude of uncertainty of cost-effectiveness results was much greater if a decision model considered different health states for the intervention and control strategies than if the model considered the same health states. The second study showed that variance in the estimates of QALYs and incremental QALYs using the summary statistics was substantially underestimated when the correlations of repeated measures which are generally not available in the literature were omitted. We further discussed the implications of our findings for the economic modeling. In addition to qualitative categorization of uncertainty proposed by the general framework to assist with decision-making, we also need to comprehend methods used to address uncertainty in economic evaluations to enable informed policy making.

In this paper, we systematically investigated the influence of some selected ligands on the U-phosphate precipitation induced by soil bacteria. These organics are widely ranging from acetate, lactate, salicylate and citrate to oxalate. The results revealed that uranium could be biomineralized on bacteria as UO2HPO4·4H2O or (UO2)3(PO4)2·4H2O. The influence of organic ligands on the biomineralization had clear-cut correlations with its complexation abilities to uranyl. It was clearly found that the U-phosphate biomineralization was affected noticeably by the strong ligands (oxalate and citrate). Further study discovered that when the organic ligands were uncompetitive with biotic PO43−for uranyl, the transformation of uranyl species from β-UO2(OH)2colloidal particles to free UO22+-ligands ions could facilitate the U-phosphate biomineralization. However, when the organic ligands competed with biotic PO43−for uranyl, the U-phosphate biomineralization were inhibited. Our results highlight the importance of complex interactions of strong organic ligands with uranyl during the bacterial precipitation of UP compounds and thus for the mobilization and immobilization of radio-nuclides in the nature.

3D model retrieval is a hot topic in information retrieval, and it is of great importance to fuse multi-feature of 3D models to achieve high quality retrieval. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a novel 3D model retrieval method based on the multi-feature fusion technology. Motivation for the proposed 3D model retrieval method lies in that we convert the 3D model retrieval problem to a discriminative feature space mapping problem. The framework of the multi-feature fusion based 3D model retrieval system contains two main modules: 1) model normalisation; 2) multi-feature fusion. The proposed 3D model retrieval method is designed based on multiple feature fusion and online projection learning. In order to effectively fuse multiple features, we train a model to learn a low dimensional and discriminative feature space from the multiple views of 3D models. Particularly, to effectively retrieve the newly added samples, we propose an online projection learning algorithm, which learns a projection matrix by handling the least square regression model. Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve higher precision for a given recall than others methods, that is, the proposed method can obtain higher quality 3D model retrieval results than state-of-the-art methods.

Anisakiasis is a human parasitic disease caused by infection with the infective larvae of Anisakis. Accidental infection in humans causes the gastrointestinal pathophysiological effects of mechanical tissue damage by migrating larvae. The mechanism of the infective larval invasion and migration is suspected to involve larval excretory/secretory proteases and motility. This study demonstrates the penetration rate of the infective larvae of Anisakis pegreffiiin mouse gastrointestine depends on the time after infection, and that only 15% of larvae remain in the gastrointestinal tract 3 h after infection. Strong activities of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and serine proteases, especially plasmin, were found in the excretory/secretory products of A. pegreffii; these can be inhibited by ONO‐4817 and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, respectively. The protease activity was also significantly decreased in another 1 h of cultivation of larvae in fresh 0.9% normal saline (NS) after previous cultivation for 48 h in NS. The motility scores of larvae were significantly lower after 48 h of cultivation in NS. The penetration rate of A. pegreffiilarvae in the gastrointestine of infected mice sequentially were 90% in the freshly prepared, 68% in serine protease inhibited, 55% in MMPs inhibited larvae, and 16% in larvae cultivated in NS for 48 h. Therefore, this study demonstrates that MMPs and serine proteases excreted and secreted by A. pegreffiiand the mechanical movement of infective larvae participate in the penetration of the gastrointestine of mice after infection.

The objective of this work was to investigate the possibility of oilfield produced water (OPW) treatment by moderately compressed exfoliated graphite (CEG) blocks. The CEG blocks were used as filtration materials to treat OPW of Jianghan Oilfield (Qianjiang, Hubei Province, China). The relationship between density and strength as well as the relationship between density and permeable capability of CEG blocks were studied. Furthermore, the maximum OPW treatment ability of CEG blocks was discussed. The main conclusions are as follows: CEG blocks which are used as filtration materials must have both suitable strength and suitable permeable capability. The effect and efficiency of wastewater treatment can be balanced when the CEG density is nearby 0.025 g/cm3. For OPW of Jianghan Oilfield the maximum treatment ability of CEG which has a density of 0.025g/cm3 and a mass of 0.1673g is more than 20L/g if the filtration rate is ignored.

To estimate the total financial burden of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection for Vietnam by quantifying the direct medical, the direct nonmedical, and indirect costs among patients with various stages of chronic HBV infection.

To perform a cost-effectiveness analysis and to identify the cost-effectiveness affordability levels for a newborn universal vaccination program against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Vietnam.

Moisture handling property of clothes using fiber is an important factor determininig clothes comfort property. In this paper, the moisture comfort property of fine denier polypropylene fiber fabric in different environmental temperature conditions was studied. By Textile-Microclimate Measuring Instrument, five kinds of test fabrics' dynamic experiments were performed in four different environmental temperature conditions. And fabrics' dynamic comprehensive index was obtained to characterize fabrics' dynamic moisture comfort property. Then, grey system theory was introduced to establish models that could describe the relationship between the static parameters and the dynamic comprehensive index. Results show that the dynamic moisture comfort property of fine denier polypropylene fiber fabric is the best. And fabrics with lower thickness, lower weight, and higher vertical wicking height will be more moisture-comfortable.

A novel median filter based manifold ranking approach for robust image annotation was presented in this paper. Firstly, we propose a similarity matching approach of manifold ranking to improve the robustness of traditional label propagation with median filter. Then the refined affinity matrix was applied to label propagation. Thus, the traditional pair-wise similarity is updated with scores using median filter of its neighbors in manifold space. Finally, the proposed image annotation approach propagated the image labels from the labeled images to the whole image database. The experiments over Corel images have shown that embedding median filter approach in manifold space is beneficial in image annotation.

A simple, rapid and specific method based on cloud‐point extraction (CPE) was developed to determine ampelopsin in rat plasma after oral administration by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography. The non‐ionic surfactant Genapol X‐080 was chosen as the extract solvent. Some important parameters affecting the CPE efficiency, such as the nature and concentration of surfactant, extraction temperature and time, centrifuge time and salt effect, were investigated and optimized. Separation was accomplished using a C18column by gradient elution with a acetonitrile–phosphate buffer solution as the mobile phase. The detection wavelength was set at 290 nm. Under optimum conditions, the linear range of ampelopsin in rat plasma was 20–2000 ng/mL (r2=0.9996). The limit of detection was 6 ng/mL (S/N=3) with the limit of quantification being 20 ng/mL (S/N=10). The proposed method has been successfully applied for pharmacokinetic studies of ampelopsin from rat plasma after oral administration.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5A is a phosphoprotein that possesses a cryptic trans-activation activity. To investigate its potential role in viral replication, we searched for the cellular proteins interacting with NS5A protein by yeast two-hybrid screening of a human hepatocyte cDNA library. We identified a newly discovered soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor-like protein termed human vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein of 33 kDa (hVAP-33). In vitrobinding assay and in vivocoimmunoprecipitation studies confirmed the interaction between hVAP-33 and NS5A. Interestingly, hVAP-33 was also shown to interact with NS5B, the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. NS5A and NS5B bind to different domains of hVAP-33: NS5A binds to the C-terminus, whereas NS5B binds to the N-terminus of hVAP-33. Immunofluorescent staining showed a significant colocalization of hVAP-33 with both NS5A and NS5B proteins. hVAP-33 contains a coiled-coil domain followed by a membrane-spanning domain at its C-terminus. Cell fractionation analysis revealed that hVAP-33 is predominantly associated with the ER, the Golgi complex, and the prelysosomal membrane, consistent with its potential role in intracellular membrane trafficking. These interactions provide a mechanism for membrane association of the HCV RNA replication complex and further suggest that NS5A is a part of the viral RNA replication complex.

Four hundred forty‐six serum samples from HBsAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients were collected from five areas in China (eastern coastal city, Shanghai; southwestern inland city, Chengdu; mid‐inland city, Wuhan; southern island city, Haikou; and northeastern city, Changchun). Precore stop codon variants (e‐minus mutants) were screened using a rapid method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of a precore and partial core gene fragment (nucleotides 1785–2172), followed by dot‐blot hybridization with specific oligonucleotide probes (M0, and M1 + M2). The sequence of the M0 probe covered the distal precore region of wild‐type virus (nucleotides 1887–1908), and the sequences of the M1 and M2 probes were from sequences mutated at nt. 1898, (TGG→TAG) with or without additional change at nt. 1901. A significantly lower incidence of the precore stop codon was found in anti‐HBe‐positive serum samples from Haikou (17.6%), whereas in other areas the percentages of this mutation in anti‐HBe positive sera ranged from 47.4% to 78.9%. In HBeAg‐positive samples, the rate of e‐minus mutant in coexistence with wild‐type virus was low in specimens from Haikou (9.5%) and Changchun (2.9%) compared to other areas in China. In contrast, coexistence of mutant and wild‐type virus was frequently detected in samples from Wuhan (50.0%). J Med Virol 51:85–89, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

To study the replicative efficiency and pathogenicity of hepatitis B virus precore variant (A1896), anti‐hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBe) titre was studied in naturally occurring wild‐type virus infection, A1896 variant infection and dual infection. Higher titre of anti‐HBe was found in patients with no virus replication and in patients coinfected with the wild‐type virus and A1896 variant, which suggest that anti‐HBe may either act as an inhibitor of virus replication or as selective pressure for the A1896 variant. Three site‐directed mutants were constructed in the duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) precore region. A frame shift in the encapsidation signal region abolished replication of DHBV; mutation in the initiation codon of the precore and mutation to generate a termination codon at the distal region of the precore resulted in decreased replication in the duck model. More significant pathological changes were found in the liver tissues of ducks infected with the mutant which mimicked the HBV A1896 variant.

The artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) used to treat Plasmodium falciparumin Africa are threatened by the emergence of parasites in Asia carrying variants of the Kelch 13 (K13) locus with delayed clearance in response to ACTs. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in other molecular markers, such as ap2muand ubp1, were associated with artemisinin resistance in rodent malaria and clinical failure in African malaria patients. Here, we characterized the polymorphisms in pfmdr1, pfcrt, pfK13, pfubp1and pfap2muamong African isolates reported in Shandong and Guangxi provinces in China. Among 144 patients with P. falciparumreturning from Africa in 2014–2018, pfmdr1N86Y (8.3%) and pfcrtK76T (2.1%) were the major mutant alleles. The most common genotype for pfcrtwas I74E75T76(8.3%), followed by E75T76(2.1%). For K13 polymorphisms, a limited number of mutated alleles were observed, and A578S was the most frequently detected allele in 3 isolates (2.1%). A total of 27.1% (20/144) of the isolates were found to contain pfubp1mutations, including 6 nonsynonymous and 2 synonymous mutations. The pfubp1genotypes associated with ART resistance were D1525E (10.4%) and E1528D (8.3%). Furthermore, 11 SNPs were identified in pfap2mu, and S160N was the major polymorphism (4.2%). Additionally, 4 different types of insertions were found in pfap2mu, and the codon AAT, encoding aspartic acid, was more frequently observed at codons 226 (18.8%) and 326 (10.7%). Moreover, 4 different types of insertions were observed in pfubp1at codon 1520, which was the most common (6.3%). These findings indicate a certain degree of variation in other potential molecular markers, such as pfubp1and pfap2mu, and their roles either in the parasite’s mechanism of resistance or the mode of action should be evaluated or elucidated further.

The article evaluates the ALLFIT-1 Small Batch Dyeing Machine from Fong's National Engineering (Shenzen) Co. Ltd.

Based on real dyeing processes at today's dyehouses, this article describes how the Fongs ALLFIT- laboratory-dyeing application helps users to save production costs and minimise the unnecessary waste of expensive materials, dyestuffs. chemicals and energy. By means of a trial on a I kg ALLFIT- I sample machine and 2.000kg ECO-38 bulk production machine, it shows that ALLFIT-I is an optimal solution to achieve an accurate recipe and process for bulk production, and that the cost of colour correction of the first batch on the bulk machine can be reduced significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Delayed clearance of Plasmodium falciparumby artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) has already been observed for African isolates. Here, we aimed to investigate the prevalence, among travelers returning from African countries, of polymorphisms in two genes correlated with delayed parasite clearance (encoding P. falciparumKelch 13 [PfK13] and ubiquitin-specific protease 1 [pfubp1]) reported in eastern China and to provide baseline data for antimalarial drug resistance (ART) surveillance and evaluation.

The cost effectiveness of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) has been established for high-risk pregnancies but remains unclear for pregnancies at other risk levels. The aim was to assess the cost effectiveness of NIPT in average-risk pregnancies from the perspective of a provincial public payer in Canada.

In this work, Indium-Gallium-Zinc-Oxide Thin Film Transistors (IGZO-TFTs) with different channel thickness has been compared after self-heating stress (SHS). Although TFTs with a larger channel thickness possess a greater current during stress durations, a less degradation is observed. From results, the threshold voltage shift in the transfer characteristics is well described by the stretched-exponential equation. Also, the average effective barrier height, Eτ, is extracted to compare the degradation difference between both components. Accordingly, the barrier height in the thick channel layer component is twice of that in the thin channel layer component. Finally, COMSOL simulation is given to demonstrate the electrical difference at the gate insulator layer to confirm such phenomenon.

In this work, indium-gallium-zinc-oxide thin film transistors (IGZO-TFTs) with different channel thicknesses were compared after self-heating stress (SHS). Although TFTs with a thicker channel have higher current during stress conditions, less degradation is reported. This degradation, manifest as the threshold voltage shift in the transfer characteristics, is well described by the stretched-exponential equation. In addition, the average effective barrier height, Eτ, is extracted to compare the difference in degradation between both TFTs, and finds that the barrier height in the thick channel device is twice that of the thin channel device. Finally, a COMSOL simulation is performed to demonstrate the electrical difference at the gate insulator layer and confirm such phenomena.