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Remdesivir seems to reduce the risk of hospitalization and improve clinical outcome in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

La vacunación frente a la gripe está extendida a nivel mundial y reduce las complicaciones asociadas a la infección. Poco ha sido estudiado el impacto de dicha vacunación en la mortalidad/ingreso en la UCI en pacientes hospitalizados.

Background: Although vaccination has considerably reduced the risk of hospitalization and death from COVID19, the impact of vaccination and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody status on the outcome of patients who required hospitalization has been poorly investigated.

In September 2010, an outbreak of disease in 2 wild bird species (red-legged partridge, Alectoris rufa; ring-necked pheasant, Phasianus colchicus) occurred in southern Spain. Bagaza virus(BAGV) was identified as the etiological agent of the outbreak. BAGV had only been reported before in Western Africa (Central African Republic, Senegal) and in India. The first occurrence of BAGV in Spain stimulated a demand for rapid, reliable, and efficacious diagnostic methods to facilitate the surveillance of this disease in the field. This report describes a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method based on a commercial 5’-Taq nuclease-3’ minor groove binder DNA probe and primers targeting the Bagaza NS5 gene. The method allowed the detection of BAGV with a high sensitivity, whereas other closely related flaviviruses (Usutu virus, West Nile virus, and Japanese encephalitis virus) were not detected. The assay was evaluated using field samples of red-legged partridges dead during the outbreak (n= 11), as well as samples collected from partridges during surveillance programs (n= 81). The results were compared to those obtained with a pan-flaviviral hemi-nested RT-PCR followed by nucleotide sequencing, which was employed originally to identify the virus involved in the outbreak. The results obtained with both techniques were 100% matching, indicating that the newly developed real-time RT-PCR is a valid technique for BAGV genome detection, useful in both diagnosis and surveillance studies.

Plasmodium falciparumparasites remodel the surface of human erythrocytes on invasion by the insertion of parasite-derived proteins in knob-like protrusions.P. falciparumerythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP-1), a variant surface antigen, has been shown to be anchored in these knobs and mediates adhesion to various host endothelial receptors. These proteins also undergo clonal antigenic variation as a means of immune evasion. Duffy binding-like-α(DBL-α) domain together with the cysteine-rich interdomain region form the head structure of the PfEMP1 molecule. In this report, we used ten different recombinant DBL-α fusion proteins expressed inEscherichia colito generate antibodies in experimental animals. Five out of ten recombinant DBL-α fusion proteins were immunogenic and induced antibodies that reacted with conserved peptides derived from PfEMP1. Indirect immunofluorescence assay was used to localise PfEMP-1-DBL-α expressed in parasitised erythrocytes. Positive fluorescence reactivity was observed within the cytoplasm and with membrane structures but not on the surface of intactP. falciparum-infected erythrocytes.Plasmodium falciparumparasites remodel the surface of human erythrocytes on invasion by the insertion of parasite-derived proteins in knob-like protrusions.P. falciparumerythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP-1), a variant surface antigen, has been shown to be anchored in these knobs and mediates adhesion to various host endothelial receptors. These proteins also undergo clonal antigenic variation as a means of immune evasion. Duffy binding-like-α(DBL-α) domain together with the cysteine-rich interdomain region form the head structure of the PfEMP1 molecule. In this report, we used ten different recombinant DBL-α fusion proteins expressed inEscherichia colito generate antibodies in experimental animals. Five out of ten recombinant DBL-α fusion proteins were immunogenic and induced antibodies that reacted with conserved peptides derived from PfEMP1. Indirect immunofluorescence assay was used to localise PfEMP-1-DBL-α expressed in parasitised erythrocytes. Positive fluorescence reactivity was observed within the cytoplasm and with membrane structures but not on the surface of intactP. falciparum-infected erythrocytes.