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AbstractVitamins are pivotal ingredients in dietary supplements and nutraceutical products. Since many vitamins are unstable and rapidly degraded, it’s crucial to keep track of their loss throughout processing and storage. Monitoring hydrophilic vitamins may be more crucial than monitoring those lipophilic vitamins because the body does not maintain them as well. There seems to be a need for an all-encompassing method to estimate hydrophilic vitamins. In this study, we have developed a high-performance thin layer chromatography method for estimation of four water-soluble vitamins simultaneously using HPTLC silica-gel 60GF254plates and ethyl acetate: methanol: hydrochloric acid (0.1N) (8.5:1:0.5 v/v/v) as a mobile phase, which was successfully validated as per the ICH guideline. All the validation parameters were within the acceptable range established by the ICH guideline. The method is precise, reproducible, easy, reliable, and applicable for the estimation of water-soluble vitamins in marketed products. To best of our knowledge, it is simpler, less time-consuming, and more economical than other approaches that have been published for the same purposes

During 2020–2021, carrot plants with mild yellow mottling, little leaf and leaf curl symptoms at Experimental field of Division of Vegetable Sciences, IARI, New Delhi were observed. Electron microscopy of negatively stained leaf dip preparation showed flexuous filamentous particles measuring 750 × 12 nm. Samples were subjected to DAC-ELISA and ISEM tests using polyclonal antibodies of PVY, PVX and FLMV (football lily mosaic virus). Out of 24 samples, symptomatic 5 samples reacted positive with polyclonal antibodies to PVY in DAC-ELISA and ISEM test but not with PVX and FLMV. To further confirm the presence of PVY, total RNA was extracted from symptomatic and non symptomatic samples and RT-PCR assay was performed using potyvirus coat protein (CP) region group specific degenerate primer and an amplicon of 750 bp was seen in the symptomatic samples. RT-PCR product was cloned in pGEMT Easy vector and the CP sequence analysis revealed 100% identity with carrot thin leaf virus (CTLV). This is the first report of CTLV on a new host, Daucus carota.

Marginalized communities across the world are increasingly faced with a suit of social-ecological stressors, taking a huge toll on their biocultural resources and livelihoods. Collaborative learning is considered to be a feasible strategy for livelihood resilience among vulnerable communities experiencing such stressors. Taking insights from social-ecological resilience theory, this study discusses how Adicommunity, living in the ecologically fragile ecosystems of Arunachal Pradesh, India, has developed a location-specific biocultural resource-based adaptive strategy to enhance their livelihood resilience. A novel participatory approach—‘recipe contest’—was used to mobilize Adiwomen from 11 villages of the state’s East Siang district with overall aim of developing nutritious and culturally relevant food products based entirely on local resources and knowledge. A total of 43 women (winners of the recipe contests) and 33 other knowledgeable community members (total 76 participants), by participating in focus group discussions and personal interviews, shared their knowledge and experiences relating to local foods and sustainability. We found that a range of climatic, ecological, socioeconomic and political stressors were adversely impacting Adiwomen’s subsistence livelihoods. Through community mobilization, these women formed Self-Help Groups (SHGs) and together they developed a marketable product, ‘Adi Siang Nutri’, with ingredients provided by 12 local species. This value-added product, integrated with local livelihood trajectories, helped diversify and increase the Adiwomen’s income, allowing them to better safeguard themselves from aforementioned risks. The local species used as the ingredients are being conserved, and have several perceived socio-cultural, ecological and ethnomedicinal benefits. This participatory action research promises to make a significant change in the social-ecological resilience and associated biocultural resources of Adiwomen. Our findings provide valuable insights for several food, nutritional security and environmental policies to improve social-ecological resilience using biocultural resources.

In India, cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus, a cucurbit-infecting polerovirus, is emerging in the recent past with respect to its occurrence on different crops and geographical locations. This emphasized the need for an investigation to search for the possible occurrence of the other related species Polerovirus.In this view, different cucurbit hosts exhibiting severe chlorosis, bleaching, and yellowing symptoms were collected from the Vegetable Experimental Fields of IARI, New Delhi. The samples exhibiting yellowing and bleaching symptoms were associated with small isometric virions measuring ~ 25 nm under transmission electron microscope. The RT-PCR assays using generic (covering the partial RdRp, intergenic region and partial CPregion) and complete coat protein (CP)gene-specific primers confirmed the association of a polerovirus. Further, complete CPgene sequence analyses revealed the association of a distinct species of Poleroviruswith the pumpkin samples. These isolates showed the CPgene sequence identities below the species demarcation limit (90%) with the corresponding gene sequences of already reported polerovirus isolates. The results of this study provide the molecular evidence for the occurrence of a new species of Polerovirus, named tentatively as Pumpkin yellows virus(PuYV) in India.

An efficient and solvent-free synthesis of some novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4(5H)-one derivatives has been developed under microwave irradiation by the reaction of orthoamino ester of 1-substituted pyrazole with different aromatic nitriles in the presence of potassium tert-butoxide. All the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and analytical methods. Furthermore, all the newly synthesized compounds have been screened in-vitrofor their antimicrobial activities against S. aureus, B. subtilis, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, A. nigerand C. albicans. All the compounds showed weak to good activity against all tested microorganisms.