Search

Your search keyword '"Stuart, David"' showing total 286 results
Start Over Author "Stuart, David" Publication Type Magazines
286 results on '"Stuart, David"'

3. Changing the Reactive Coatings Market with Graphite

Author

Stuart, David

Subjects
Graphite, Business, Chemicals, plastics and rubber industries
Abstract

The reactive coatings market has become an integral part of society. Chemists, engineers, and product designers have taken notice as consumers expect superior product performance and appreciate value-added features to [...]

Published
2023

4. The Page family

Author

Stuart, David, Tattersfield, Pattie, and Page, E F

Published
1977

5. Life sciences industry outlook: FROM HIGH-VOLUME GROWTH TO OPERATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC BREAKTHROUGHS: WINTER 2022: originally published Nov. 1, 2021

Author

Lohr, Adam, Culbertson, Justin, Kemler, Steve, and Stuart, David

Subjects
Contract manufacturing, Business, Business, regional
Abstract

As the life sciences industry continues to experience high-volume growth and new scientific and operational opportunities, it also faces several challenges. Looking ahead, life sciences companies will encounter increased competition [...]

Published
2021

6. Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies over 18 months following infection: UK Biobank COVID-19 Serology Study

Author

Bešević, Jelena, Lacey, Ben, Callen, Howard, Omiyale, Wemimo, Conroy, Megan, Feng, Qi, Crook, Derrick W, Doherty, Nicola, Ebner, Daniel, Eyre, David W, Fry, Dan, Horn, Edward, Jones, E Yvonne, Marsden, Brian D, Peto, Tim E A, Starkey, Fenella, Stuart, David, Welsh, Samantha, Wood, Natasha, Young, Alan, Young, Allen, Effingham, Mark, Collins, Rory, Holliday, Jo, and Allen, Naomi

Abstract

BackgroundLittle is known about the persistence of antibodies after the first year following SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to determine the proportion of individuals that maintain detectable levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies over an 18-month period following infection.MethodsPopulation-based prospective study of 20 000 UK Biobank participants and their adult relatives recruited in May 2020. The proportion of SARS-CoV-2 cases testing positive for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against the spike protein (IgG-S), and the nucleocapsid protein (IgG-N), was calculated at varying intervals following infection.ResultsOverall, 20 195 participants were recruited. Their median age was 56 years (IQR 39–68), 56% were female and 88% were of white ethnicity. The proportion of SARS-CoV-2 cases with IgG-S antibodies following infection remained high (92%, 95% CI 90%–93%) at 6 months after infection. Levels of IgG-N antibodies following infection gradually decreased from 92% (95% CI 88%–95%) at 3 months to 72% (95% CI 70%–75%) at 18 months. There was no strong evidence of heterogeneity in antibody persistence by age, sex, ethnicity or socioeconomic deprivation.ConclusionThis study adds to the limited evidence on the long-term persistence of antibodies following SARS-CoV-2 infection, with likely implications for waning immunity following infection and the use of IgG-N in population surveys.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Oxidative Cycloaddition Reactions of Arylboron Reagents via a One-pot Formal Dehydroboration Sequence

Author

Karandikar, Shubhendu S., Metze, Bryan E., Roberts, Riley A., and Stuart, David R.

Abstract

Arylboron compounds are widely available and synthetically useful reagents in which the boron group is typically substituted. Herein, we show that the boron group and ortho-hydrogen atom are substituted in a formal cycloaddition reaction. This transformation is enabled by a one-pot sequence involving diaryliodonium and aryne intermediates. The scope of arylboron reagents and arynophiles is demonstrated, and the method is applied to the formal synthesis of an investigational drug candidate.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Library and information professionals: builders of the ontological universe

Author

Stuart, David

Subjects
Information technology workers -- Practice, Information society -- Forecasts and trends, Libraries and readers -- Forecasts and trends, Information services industry -- Forecasts and trends, Information services -- Forecasts and trends, Information management -- Forecasts and trends, Information accessibility, Market trend/market analysis, Information services industry, Business, Library and information science
Abstract

Our rapidly changing information landscape has not only provided a period of great change for library and information professionals, but also one of great opportunity. Despite traditional services being either [...]

Published
2014

10. Life sciences industry outlook: What's on the horizon for clinical trials?

Author

Lohr, Adam, Culbertson, Justin, Kemler, Steve, and Stuart, David

Subjects
Clinical trials -- Forecasts and trends -- Excerpts, Market trend/market analysis, Business, Business, regional
Abstract

The following is an excerpt from the summer issue of The Real Economy: Industry Outlook for life sciences. For more insights, read the complete report. Emerging from the crucible and [...]

Published
2021

11. Linked data and government data: more than mere semantics

Author

Stuart, David

Subjects
Information technology workers -- Management -- Innovations, Online information services -- Services, Online services -- Services, Information services -- Services, Company business management, Online information service, Business, Library and information science
Abstract

It is no surprise to information professionals that governments gather great quantities of data in the course of governing countries; data that has both democratic and commercial value. Information professionals [...]

Published
2010

12. Disclosure obligations under the federal securities laws in government investigations.

Author

Stuart, David M. and Wilson, David A.

Subjects
Securities fraud -- Investigations, Disclosure (Securities law) -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Investigations, Fraud investigation -- Political aspects, Company legal issue, Government regulation, Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977
Abstract

With the prevalence of government investigations into corporate conduct, public companies frequently face decisions about whether, when, how, and where to disclose to investors the existence of such investigations and [...]

Published
2009

14. Un trono dividido: El origen y los movimientos de la Banca Jeroglífica 1 de Ixtutz, Guatemala

Author

Carter, Nicholas, Reyes, Mara Antonieta, Stuart, David, Houston, Stephen, Lukach, Katharine, and O'Neil, Megan

Abstract

Aquí presentamos el descubrimiento de una banca jeroglífica esculpida del sitio maya de Ixtutz, Petén, Guatemala. Analizamos la inscripción jeroglífica en la banca y discutimos la historia del objecto en el contexto de su producción, su desmantelamiento y reutilización subsecuente, y la remoción de unas piezas del sitio. Mostramos que dos bloques inscritos de caliza, uno de ellos en una colección privada en Bruselas y el otro en el Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles, California, pertenecen al mismo trono, y llamamos para su repatriación voluntaria a Guatemala.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Antibody responses and correlates of protection in the general population after two doses of the ChAdOx1 or BNT162b2 vaccines

Author

Wei, Jia, Pouwels, Koen B., Stoesser, Nicole, Matthews, Philippa C., Diamond, Ian, Studley, Ruth, Rourke, Emma, Cook, Duncan, Bell, John I., Newton, John N., Farrar, Jeremy, Howarth, Alison, Marsden, Brian D., Hoosdally, Sarah, Jones, E. Yvonne, Stuart, David I., Crook, Derrick W., Peto, Tim E. A., Walker, A. Sarah, and Eyre, David W.

Abstract

Antibody responses are an important part of immunity after Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. However, antibody trajectories and the associated duration of protection after a second vaccine dose remain unclear. In this study, we investigated anti-spike IgG antibody responses and correlates of protection after second doses of ChAdOx1 or BNT162b2 vaccines for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the United Kingdom general population. In 222,493 individuals, we found significant boosting of anti-spike IgG by the second doses of both vaccines in all ages and using different dosing intervals, including the 3-week interval for BNT162b2. After second vaccination, BNT162b2 generated higher peak levels than ChAdOX1. Older individuals and males had lower peak levels with BNT162b2 but not ChAdOx1, whereas declines were similar across ages and sexes with ChAdOX1 or BNT162b2. Prior infection significantly increased antibody peak level and half-life with both vaccines. Anti-spike IgG levels were associated with protection from infection after vaccination and, to an even greater degree, after prior infection. At least 67% protection against infection was estimated to last for 2–3 months after two ChAdOx1 doses, for 5–8 months after two BNT162b2 doses in those without prior infection and for 1–2 years for those unvaccinated after natural infection. A third booster dose might be needed, prioritized to ChAdOx1 recipients and those more clinically vulnerable.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Potential long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the pulmonary vasculature: a global perspective

Author

Halawa, Sarah, Pullamsetti, Soni S., Bangham, Charles R. M., Stenmark, Kurt R., Dorfmüller, Peter, Frid, Maria G., Butrous, Ghazwan, Morrell, Nick W., de Jesus Perez, Vinicio A., Stuart, David I., O’Gallagher, Kevin, Shah, Ajay M., Aguib, Yasmine, and Yacoub, Magdi H.

Abstract

The lungs are the primary target of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, with severe hypoxia being the cause of death in the most critical cases. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is extremely heterogeneous in terms of severity, clinical phenotype and, importantly, global distribution. Although the majority of affected patients recover from the acute infection, many continue to suffer from late sequelae affecting various organs, including the lungs. The role of the pulmonary vascular system during the acute and chronic stages of COVID-19 has not been adequately studied. A thorough understanding of the origins and dynamic behaviour of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the potential causes of heterogeneity in COVID-19 is essential for anticipating and treating the disease, in both the acute and the chronic stages, including the development of chronic pulmonary hypertension. Both COVID-19 and chronic pulmonary hypertension have assumed global dimensions, with potential complex interactions. In this Review, we present an update on the origins and behaviour of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and discuss the potential causes of the heterogeneity of COVID-19. In addition, we summarize the pathobiology of COVID-19, with an emphasis on the role of the pulmonary vasculature, both in the acute stage and in terms of the potential for developing chronic pulmonary hypertension. We hope that the information presented in this Review will help in the development of strategies for the prevention and treatment of the continuing COVID-19 pandemic.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. Implementation of corticosteroids in treatment of COVID-19 in the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK: prospective, cohort study

Author

Närhi, Fiina, Moonesinghe, S Ramani, Shenkin, Susan D, Drake, Thomas M, Mulholland, Rachel H, Donegan, Cara, Dunning, Jake, Fairfield, Cameron J, Girvan, Michelle, Hardwick, Hayley E, Ho, Antonia, Leeming, Gary, Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S, Pius, Riinu, Russell, Clark D, Shaw, Catherine A, Spencer, Rebecca G, Turtle, Lance, Openshaw, Peter J M, Baillie, J Kenneth, Harrison, Ewen M, Semple, Malcolm G, Docherty, Annemarie B, Baillie, J Kenneth, Semple, Malcolm G, Openshaw, Peter JM, Carson, Gail, Alex, Beatrice, Andrikopoulos, Petros, Bach, Benjamin, Barclay, Wendy S, Bogaert, Debby, Chand, Meera, Chechi, Kanta, Cooke, Graham S, da Silva Filipe, Ana, de Silva, Thushan, Docherty, Annemarie B, dos Santos Correia, Gon¸alo, Dumas, Marc-Emmanuel, Dunning, Jake, Fletcher, Tom, Green, Christopher A, Greenhalf, William, Griffin, Julian, Gupta, Rishi K, Harrison, Ewen M, Hiscox, Julian A, Ho, Antonia YW, Horby, Peter W, Ijaz, Samreen, Khoo, Say, Klenerman, Paul, Law, Andrew, Lewis, Matthew, Liggi, Sonia, Lim, Wei Shen, Maslen, Lynn, Mentzer, Alexander J, Merson, Laura, Meynert, Alison M, Moore, Shona C, Noursadeghi, Mahdad, Olanipekun, Michael, Osagie, Anthonia, Palmarini, Massimo, Palmieri, Carlo, Paxton, William A, Pollakis, Georgios, Price, Nicholas, Rambaut, Andrew, Robertson, David L, Russell, Clark D, Sancho-Shimizu, Vanessa, Sands, Caroline, Scott, Janet T, Sigfrid, Louise, Solomon, Tom, Sriskandan, Shiranee, Stuart, David, Summers, Charlotte, Swann, Olivia V, Takats, Zoltan, Takis, Panteleimon, Tedder, Richard S, Thompson, AA Roger, Thomson, Emma C, Thwaites, Ryan S, Turtle, Lance CW, Zambon, Maria, Hardwick, Hayley, Donohue, Chloe, Griffiths, Fiona, Oosthuyzen, Wilna, Donegan, Cara, Spencer, Rebecca G, Norman, Lisa, Pius, Riinu, Drake, Thomas M, Fairfield, Cameron J, Knight, Stephen R, Mclean, Kenneth A, Murphy, Derek, Shaw, Catherine A, Dalton, Jo, Girvan, Michelle, Saviciute, Egle, Roberts, Stephanie, Harrison, Janet, Marsh, Laura, Connor, Marie, Halpin, Sophie, Jackson, Clare, Gamble, Carrol, Plotkin, Daniel, Lee, James, Leeming, Gary, Law, Andrew, Wham, Murray, Clohisey, Sara, Hendry, Ross, Scott-Brown, James, Shaw, Victoria, McDonald, Sarah E, Keating, Seán, Ahmed, Katie A., Armstrong, Jane A, Ashworth, Milton, Asiimwe, Innocent G, Bakshi, Siddharth, Barlow, Samantha L, Booth, Laura, Brennan, Benjamin, Bullock, Katie, Catterall, Benjamin WA, Clark, Jordan J, Clarke, Emily A, Cole, Sarah, Cooper, Louise, Cox, Helen, Davis, Christopher, Dincarslan, Oslem, Dunn, Chris, Dyer, Philip, Elliott, Angela, Evans, Anthony, Finch, Lorna, Fisher, Lewis WS, Foster, Terry, Garcia-Dorival, Isabel, Gunning, Philip, Hartley, Catherine, Jensen, Rebecca L, Jones, Christopher B, Jones, Trevor R, Khandaker, Shadia, King, Katharine, Kiy, Robyn T., Koukorava, Chrysa, Lake, Annette, Lant, Suzannah, Latawiec, Diane, Lavelle-Langham, Lara, Lefteri, Daniella, Lett, Lauren, Livoti, Lucia A, Mancini, Maria, McDonald, Sarah, McEvoy, Laurence, McLauchlan, John, Metelmann, Soeren, Miah, Nahida S, Middleton, Joanna, Mitchell, Joyce, Moore, Shona C, Murphy, Ellen G, Penrice-Randal, Rebekah, Pilgrim, Jack, Prince, Tessa, Reynolds, Will, Ridley, P. Matthew, Sales, Debby, Shaw, Victoria E, Shears, Rebecca K, Small, Benjamin, Subramaniam, Krishanthi S, Szemiel, Agnieska, Taggart, Aislynn, Tanianis-Hughes, Jolanta, Thomas, Jordan, Trochu, Erwan, van Tonder, Libby, Wilcock, Eve, Zhang, J. Eunice, Flaherty, Lisa, Maziere, Nicole, Cass, Emily, Doce Carracedo, Alejandra, Carlucci, Nicola, Holmes, Anthony, Massey, Hannah, Murphy, Lee, McCafferty, Sarah, Clark, Richard, Fawkes, Angie, Morrice, Kirstie, Maclean, Alan, Wrobel, Nicola, Donelly, Lorna, Coutts, Audrey, Hafezi, Katarzyna, MacGillivray, Louise, Gilchrist, Tammy, Adeniji, Kayode, Agranoff, Daniel, Agwuh, Ken, Ail, Dhiraj, Aldera, Erin L., Alegria, Ana, Allen, Sam, Angus, Brian, Ashish, Abdul, Atkinson, Dougal, Bari, Shahedal, Barlow, Gavin, Barnass, Stella, Barrett, Nicholas, Bassford, Christopher, Basude, Sneha, Baxter, David, Beadsworth, Michael, Bernatoniene, Jolanta, Berridge, John, Berry, Colin, Best, Nicola, Bothma, Pieter, Chadwick, David, Brittain-Long, Robin, Bulteel, Naomi, Burden, Tom, Burtenshaw, Andrew, Caruth, Vikki, Chadwick, David, Chambler, Duncan, Chee, Nigel, Child, Jenny, Chukkambotla, Srikanth, Clark, Tom, Collini, Paul, Cosgrove, Catherine, Cupitt, Jason, Cutino-Moguel, Maria-Teresa, Dark, Paul, Dawson, Chris, Dervisevic, Samir, Donnison, Phil, Douthwaite, Sam, Drummond, Andrew, DuRand, Ingrid, Dushianthan, Ahilanadan, Dyer, Tristan, Evans, Cariad, Eziefula, Chi, Fegan, Chrisopher, Finn, Adam, Fullerton, Duncan, Garg, Sanjeev, Garg, Sanjeev, Garg, Atul, Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni, Godden, Jo, Goldsmith, Arthur, Graham, Clive, Hardy, Elaine, Hartshorn, Stuart, Harvey, Daniel, Havalda, Peter, Hawcutt, Daniel B, Hobrok, Maria, Hodgson, Luke, Hormis, Anil, Jacobs, Michael, Jain, Susan, Jennings, Paul, Kaliappan, Agilan, Kasipandian, Vidya, Kegg, Stephen, Kelsey, Michael, Kendall, Jason, Kerrison, Caroline, Kerslake, Ian, Koch, Oliver, Koduri, Gouri, Koshy, George, Laha, Shondipon, Laird, Steven, Larkin, Susan, Leiner, Tamas, Lillie, Patrick, Limb, James, Linnett, Vanessa, Little, Jeff, Lyttle, Mark, MacMahon, Michael, MacNaughton, Emily, Mankregod, Ravish, Masson, Huw, Matovu, Elijah, McCullough, Katherine, McEwen, Ruth, Meda, Manjula, Mills, Gary, Minton, Jane, Mirfenderesky, Mariyam, Mohandas, Kavya, Mok, Quen, Moon, James, Moore, Elinoor, Morgan, Patrick, Morris, Craig, Mortimore, Katherine, Moses, Samuel, Mpenge, Mbiye, Mulla, Rohinton, Murphy, Michael, Nagel, Megan, Nagarajan, Thapas, Nelson, Mark, Norris, Lillian, O'Shea, Matthew K., Otahal, Igor, Ostermann, Marlies, Pais, Mark, Palmieri, Carlo, Panchatsharam, Selva, Papakonstantinou, Danai, Paraiso, Hassan, Patel, Brij, Pattison, Natalie, Pepperell, Justin, Peters, Mark, Phull, Mandeep, Pintus, Stefania, Singh Pooni, Jagtur, Planche, Tim, Post, Frank, Price, David, Prout, Rachel, Rae, Nikolas, Reschreiter, Henrik, Reynolds, Tim, Richardson, Neil, Roberts, Mark, Roberts, Devender, Rose, Alistair, Rousseau, Guy, Ruge, Bobby, Ryan, Brendan, Saluja, Taranprit, Schmid, Matthias, Shah, Aarti, Shanmuga, Prad, Sharma, Anil, Shawcross, Anna, Sizer, Jeremy, Shankar-Hari, Manu, Smith, Richard, Snelson, Catherine, Spittle, Nick, Staines, Nikki, Stambach, Tom, Stewart, Richard, Subudhi, Pradeep, Szakmany, Tamas, Tatham, Kate, Thomas, Jo, Thompson, Chris, Thompson, Robert, Tridente, Ascanio, Tupper-Carey, Darell, Twagira, Mary, Vallotton, Nick, Vancheeswaran, Rama, Vincent-Smith, Lisa, Visuvanathan, Shico, Vuylsteke, Alan, Waddy, Sam, Wake, Rachel, Walden, Andrew, Welters, Ingeborg, Whitehouse, Tony, Whittaker, Paul, Whittington, Ashley, Papineni, Padmasayee, Wijesinghe, Meme, Williams, Martin, Wilson, Lawrence, Sarah, Sarah, Winchester, Stephen, Wiselka, Martin, Wolverson, Adam, Wootton, Daniel G, Workman, Andrew, Yates, Bryan, and Young, Peter

Abstract

Dexamethasone was the first intervention proven to reduce mortality in patients with COVID-19 being treated in hospital. We aimed to evaluate the adoption of corticosteroids in the treatment of COVID-19 in the UK after the RECOVERY trial publication on June 16, 2020, and to identify discrepancies in care.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. Powering up battery building.

Author

Stuart, David

Subjects
ELECTRIC vehicle batteries, PHOTOMETRIC stereo, ELECTRIC vehicle charging stations, COMPUTER vision
Published
2022

22. OPEN SCIENCE AND THE NEW NORMAL.

Author

Stuart, David

Subjects
*PHILOSOPHY of science, *DIGITAL communications, *OPEN access publishing, *CLOUD computing
Published
2021

25. Safety climate

Author

Coyle, Ian R., Sleeman, Stuart David, and Adams, Neil

Subjects
Australia -- Health aspects, Occupational health and safety -- Research, Office workers -- Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, Transportation industry
Abstract

A report on safety climate factors in two clerical and service organizations in Australia shows that both the organizations lack stable safety climate factors. Employees' responses to questionnaires reveal that organizations have different perceptions of occupational health and safety. The current safety climate factors of an organization must be taken into consideration in order to design effective occupational health and safety programs.

Published
1995

26. Technological threats: to privacy and information access

Author

Stuart, David

Subjects
Information technology -- Safety and security measures, Privacy -- Laws, regulations and rules, Freedom of information -- Laws, regulations and rules, Government regulation, Information technology, Privacy issue, Business, Library and information science, PATRIOT Act of 2001, American Library Association -- Political activity
Abstract

Remember when, in 2003, the American Library Association passed a resolution opposing the USA PATRIOT Act as a danger to the rights of library users? The Resolution stated, 'the American [...]

Published
2012

27. Investment education that works: reaching the savers, satisfying the investors, respecting the traders

Author

Veeneman, David C. and Stuart, David V.

Subjects
Investments -- Study and teaching, Business, Human resources and labor relations
Abstract

Some critics have charged that investment education does not have any substantial effect on employee investment patterns. However, this percieved failure is often due to inadequate education approaches. Effective investment education can bring about substantial results, and many employees who have benefitted from such programs have successfully shifted investments away from low-yield regimes to moderate allocations of stocks and bonds

Published
1994

29. Programming librarians in the web of data

Author

Stuart, David

Subjects
Internet/Web search services -- Forecasts and trends, Information technology -- Forecasts and trends, Librarians -- Management, Knowledge workers -- Management, Text search and retrieval software, Company business management, Internet search software, Information technology, Market trend/market analysis, Internet/Web search service, Business, Library and information science
Abstract

The web is now 20 years old. During the past 2 decades, adoption of the web has increased, and its uses have changed drastically. It has gone from a tool [...]

Published
2011

30. Waving goodbye to email: could Google Wave kill email?

Author

Stuart, David

Subjects
Electronic mail systems -- History -- Usage, Communication -- Technology application, Online services, Cable television/data services, E-mail, Online services, Technology application, Business, Library and information science, Google Wave (Online service)
Abstract

You may find this difficult to believe, but email pre-dates the personal computer and the World Wide Web. It now dominates online identity and communication for most users. Not only [...]

Published
2010

31. What are libraries doing on Twitter

Author

Stuart, David

Subjects
Online social networks -- Usage -- Analysis, Libraries -- Technology application, Technology application, Business, Library and information science
Abstract

Twitter, the 140-character microblogging service, has become the latest 'must-have' social media technology for libraries. It offers a simple method for libraries to provide news, highlight resources, share information, and, [...]

Published
2010

32. Social media metrics

Author

Stuart, David

Subjects
Online social networks -- Evaluation, Business, Library and information science
Abstract

Social media has been adopted by every type of library in recent years, from small special libraries to large national ones. Many now host blogs and wikis, are members of [...]

Published
2009

33. Characterisation of in-hospital complications associated with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK: a prospective, multicentre cohort study

Author

Drake, Thomas M, Riad, Aya M, Fairfield, Cameron J, Egan, Conor, Knight, Stephen R, Pius, Riinu, Hardwick, Hayley E, Norman, Lisa, Shaw, Catherine A, McLean, Kenneth A, Thompson, A A Roger, Ho, Antonia, Swann, Olivia V, Sullivan, Michael, Soares, Felipe, Holden, Karl A, Merson, Laura, Plotkin, Daniel, Sigfrid, Louise, de Silva, Thushan I, Girvan, Michelle, Jackson, Clare, Russell, Clark D, Dunning, Jake, Solomon, Tom, Carson, Gail, Olliaro, Piero, Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S, Turtle, Lance, Docherty, Annemarie B, Openshaw, Peter JM, Baillie, J Kenneth, Harrison, Ewen M, Semple, Malcolm G, Baillie, J Kenneth, Semple, Malcolm G, Openshaw, Peter JM, Carson, Gail, Alex, Beatrice, Bach, Benjamin, Barclay, Wendy S, Bogaert, Debby, Chand, Meera, Cooke, Graham S, Docherty, Annemarie B, Dunning, Jake, da Silva Filipe, Ana, Fletcher, Tom, Green, Christopher A, Harrison, Ewen M, Hiscox, Julian A, Ho, Antonia YW, Horby, Peter W, Ijaz, Samreen, Khoo, Say, Klenerman, Paul, Law, Andrew, Lim, Wei Shen, Mentzer, Alexander J, Merson, Laura, Meynert, Alison M, Noursadeghi, Mahdad, Moore, Shona C, Palmarini, Massimo, Paxton, William A, Pollakis, Georgios, Price, Nicholas, Rambaut, Andrew, Robertson, David L, Russell, Clark D, Sancho-Shimizu, Vanessa, Scott, Janet T, de Silva, Thushan, Sigfrid, Louise, Solomon, Tom, Sriskandan, Shiranee, Stuart, David, Summers, Charlotte, Tedder, Richard S, Thomson, Emma C, Thompson, AA Roger, Thwaites, Ryan S, Turtle, Lance CW, Gupta, Rishi K, Palmieri, Carlo, Swann, Olivia V, Zambon, Maria, Dumas, Marc-Emmanuel, Griffin, Julian, Takats, Zoltan, Chechi, Kanta, Andrikopoulos, Petros, Osagie, Anthonia, Olanipekun, Michael, Liggi, Sonia, Lewis, Matthew, dos Santos Correia, Gonçalo, Sands, Caroline, Takis, Panteleimon, Maslen, Lynn, Hardwick, Hayley, Donohue, Chloe, Griffiths, Fiona, Oosthuyzen, Wilna, Norman, Lisa, Pius, Riinu, Drake, Thomas M, Fairfield, Cameron J, Knight, Stephen R, Mclean, Kenneth A, Murphy, Derek, Shaw, Catherine A, Dalton, Jo, Girvan, Michelle, Saviciute, Egle, Roberts, Stephanie, Harrison, Janet, Marsh, Laura, Connor, Marie, Halpin, Sophie, Jackson, Clare, Gamble, Carrol, Plotkin, Daniel, Lee, James, Leeming, Gary, Law, Andrew, Wham, Murray, Clohisey, Sara, Hendry, Ross, Scott-Brown, James, Greenhalf, William, Shaw, Victoria, McDonald, Sarah E, Keating, Seán, Ahmed, Katie A., Armstrong, Jane A, Ashworth, Milton, Asiimwe, Innocent G, Bakshi, Siddharth, Barlow, Samantha L, Booth, Laura, Brennan, Benjamin, Bullock, Katie, Catterall, Benjamin WA, Clark, Jordan J, Clarke, Emily A, Cole, Sarah, Cooper, Louise, Cox, Helen, Davis, Christopher, Dincarslan, Oslem, Dunn, Chris, Dyer, Philip, Elliott, Angela, Evans, Anthony, Finch, Lorna, Fisher, Lewis WS, Foster, Terry, Garcia-Dorival, Isabel, Greenhalf, William, Gunning, Philip, Hartley, Catherine, Jensen, Rebecca L, Jones, Christopher B, Jones, Trevor R, Khandaker, Shadia, King, Katharine, Kiy, Robyn T., Koukorava, Chrysa, Lake, Annette, Lant, Suzannah, Latawiec, Diane, Lavelle-Langham, Lara, Lefteri, Daniella, Lett, Lauren, Livoti, Lucia A, Mancini, Maria, McDonald, Sarah, McEvoy, Laurence, McLauchlan, John, Metelmann, Soeren, Miah, Nahida S, Middleton, Joanna, Mitchell, Joyce, Moore, Shona C, Murphy, Ellen G, Penrice-Randal, Rebekah, Pilgrim, Jack, Prince, Tessa, Reynolds, Will, Ridley, P. Matthew, Sales, Debby, Shaw, Victoria E, Shears, Rebecca K, Small, Benjamin, Subramaniam, Krishanthi S, Szemiel, Agnieska, Taggart, Aislynn, Tanianis-Hughes, Jolanta, Thomas, Jordan, Trochu, Erwan, van Tonder, Libby, Wilcock, Eve, Zhang, J. Eunice, Flaherty, Lisa, Maziere, Nicole, Cass, Emily, Doce Carracedo, Alejandra, Carlucci, Nicola, Holmes, Anthony, Massey, Hannah, Murphy, Lee, Wrobel, Nicola, McCafferty, Sarah, Morrice, Kirstie, MacLean, Alan, Adeniji, Kayode, Agranoff, Daniel, Agwuh, Ken, Ail, Dhiraj, Aldera, Erin L., Alegria, Ana, Angus, Brian, Ashish, Abdul, Atkinson, Dougal, Bari, Shahedal, Barlow, Gavin, Barnass, Stella, Barrett, Nicholas, Bassford, Christopher, Basude, Sneha, Baxter, David, Beadsworth, Michael, Bernatoniene, Jolanta, Berridge, John, Best, Nicola, Bothma, Pieter, Chadwick, David, Brittain-Long, Robin, Bulteel, Naomi, Burden, Tom, Burtenshaw, Andrew, Caruth, Vikki, Chadwick, David, Chambler, Duncan, Chee, Nigel, Child, Jenny, Chukkambotla, Srikanth, Clark, Tom, Collini, Paul, Cosgrove, Catherine, Cupitt, Jason, Cutino-Moguel, Maria-Teresa, Dark, Paul, Dawson, Chris, Dervisevic, Samir, Donnison, Phil, Douthwaite, Sam, Drummond, Andrew, DuRand, Ingrid, Dushianthan, Ahilanadan, Dyer, Tristan, Evans, Cariad, Eziefula, Chi, Fegan, Chrisopher, Finn, Adam, Fullerton, Duncan, Garg, Sanjeev, Garg, Sanjeev, Garg, Atul, Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni, Godden, Jo, Goldsmith, Arthur, Graham, Clive, Hardy, Elaine, Hartshorn, Stuart, Harvey, Daniel, Havalda, Peter, Hawcutt, Daniel B, Hobrok, Maria, Hodgson, Luke, Hormis, Anil, Jacobs, Michael, Jain, Susan, Jennings, Paul, Kaliappan, Agilan, Kasipandian, Vidya, Kegg, Stephen, Kelsey, Michael, Kendall, Jason, Kerrison, Caroline, Kerslake, Ian, Koch, Oliver, Koduri, Gouri, Koshy, George, Laha, Shondipon, Laird, Steven, Larkin, Susan, Leiner, Tamas, Lillie, Patrick, Limb, James, Linnett, Vanessa, Little, Jeff, Lyttle, Mark, MacMahon, Michael, MacNaughton, Emily, Mankregod, Ravish, Masson, Huw, Matovu, Elijah, McCullough, Katherine, McEwen, Ruth, Meda, Manjula, Mills, Gary, Minton, Jane, Mirfenderesky, Mariyam, Mohandas, Kavya, Mok, Quen, Moon, James, Moore, Elinoor, Morgan, Patrick, Morris, Craig, Mortimore, Katherine, Moses, Samuel, Mpenge, Mbiye, Mulla, Rohinton, Murphy, Michael, Nagel, Megan, Nagarajan, Thapas, Nelson, Mark, Norris, Lillian, O'Shea, Matthew K., Otahal, Igor, Ostermann, Marlies, Pais, Mark, Palmieri, Carlo, Panchatsharam, Selva, Papakonstantinou, Danai, Paraiso, Hassan, Patel, Brij, Pattison, Natalie, Pepperell, Justin, Peters, Mark, Phull, Mandeep, Pintus, Stefania, Singh Pooni, Jagtur, Post, Frank, Price, David, Prout, Rachel, Rae, Nikolas, Reschreiter, Henrik, Reynolds, Tim, Richardson, Neil, Roberts, Mark, Roberts, Devender, Rose, Alistair, Rousseau, Guy, Ryan, Brendan, Saluja, Taranprit, Shah, Aarti, Shanmuga, Prad, Sharma, Anil, Shawcross, Anna, Sizer, Jeremy, Shankar-Hari, Manu, Smith, Richard, Snelson, Catherine, Spittle, Nick, Staines, Nikki, Stambach, Tom, Stewart, Richard, Subudhi, Pradeep, Szakmany, Tamas, Tatham, Kate, Thomas, Jo, Thompson, Chris, Thompson, Robert, Tridente, Ascanio, Tupper-Carey, Darell, Twagira, Mary, Vallotton, Nick, Vancheeswaran, Rama, Vincent-Smith, Lisa, Visuvanathan, Shico, Vuylsteke, Alan, Waddy, Sam, Wake, Rachel, Walden, Andrew, Welters, Ingeborg, Whitehouse, Tony, Whittaker, Paul, Whittington, Ashley, Papineni, Padmasayee, Wijesinghe, Meme, Williams, Martin, Wilson, Lawrence, Sarah, Sarah, Winchester, Stephen, Wiselka, Martin, Wolverson, Adam, Wootton, Daniel G, Workman, Andrew, Yates, Bryan, and Young, Peter

Abstract

COVID-19 is a multisystem disease and patients who survive might have in-hospital complications. These complications are likely to have important short-term and long-term consequences for patients, health-care utilisation, health-care system preparedness, and society amidst the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Our aim was to characterise the extent and effect of COVID-19 complications, particularly in those who survive, using the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections Consortium WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

34. Site-Specific Steric Control of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycosylation

Author

Allen, Joel D., Chawla, Himanshi, Samsudin, Firdaus, Zuzic, Lorena, Shivgan, Aishwary Tukaram, Watanabe, Yasunori, He, Wan-ting, Callaghan, Sean, Song, Ge, Yong, Peter, Brouwer, Philip J. M., Song, Yutong, Cai, Yongfei, Duyvesteyn, Helen M. E., Malinauskas, Tomas, Kint, Joeri, Pino, Paco, Wurm, Maria J., Frank, Martin, Chen, Bing, Stuart, David I., Sanders, Rogier W., Andrabi, Raiees, Burton, Dennis R., Li, Sai, Bond, Peter J., and Crispin, Max

Abstract

A central tenet in the design of vaccines is the display of native-like antigens in the elicitation of protective immunity. The abundance of N-linked glycans across the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is a potential source of heterogeneity among the many different vaccine candidates under investigation. Here, we investigate the glycosylation of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins from five different laboratories and compare them against S protein from infectious virus, cultured in Vero cells. We find patterns that are conserved across all samples, and this can be associated with site-specific stalling of glycan maturation that acts as a highly sensitive reporter of protein structure. Molecular dynamics simulations of a fully glycosylated spike support a model of steric restrictions that shape enzymatic processing of the glycans. These results suggest that recombinant spike-based SARS-CoV-2 immunogen glycosylation reproducibly recapitulates signatures of viral glycosylation.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

35. Risk of adverse outcomes in patients with underlying respiratory conditions admitted to hospital with COVID-19: a national, multicentre prospective cohort study using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK

Author

Bloom, Chloe I, Drake, Thomas M, Docherty, Annemarie B, Lipworth, Brian J, Johnston, Sebastian L, Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S, Carson, Gail, Dunning, Jake, Harrison, Ewen M, Baillie, J Kenneth, Semple, Malcolm G, Cullinan, Paul, Openshaw, Peter J M, Alex, Beatrice, Bach, Benjamin, Barclay, Wendy S, Bogaert, Debby, Chand, Meera, Cooke, Graham S, Filipe, Ana da, Fletcher, Tom, Green, Christoper A, Harrison, Ewen M, Hiscox, Julian A, Ho, Antonia Ying, Horby, Peter W, Ijaz, Samreen, Khoo, Saye, Klenerman, Paul, Law, Andrew, Lim, Wei Shen, Mentzer, Alexander J, Merson, Laura, Meynert, Alison M, Noursadeghi, Mahdad, Moore, Shona C, Palmarini, Massimo, Paxton, William A, Pollakis, Georgios, Price, Nicholas, Rambaut, Andrew, Robertson, David L, Russell, Clark D, Sancho-Shimizu, Vanessa, Scott, Janet T, Silva, Thushan de, Sigfrid, Louise, Solomon, Tom, Sriskandan, Shiranee, Stuart, David, Summers, Charlotte, Tedder, Richard S, Thomson, Emma C, Thompson, AA Roger, Thwaites, Ryan S, Turtle, Lance CW, Zambon, Maria, Hardwick, Hayley, Donohue, Chloe, Lyons, Ruth, Griffiths, Fiona, Oosthuyzen, Wilna, Norman, Lisa, Pius, Riinu, Fairfield, Cameron J, Knight, Stephen R, Mclean, Kenneth A, Murphy, Derek, Shaw, Catherine A, Dalton, Jo, Girvan, Michelle, Saviciute, Egle, Roberts, Stephanie, Harrison, Janet, Marsh, Laura, Connor, Marie, Halpin, Sophie, Jackson, Clare, Gamble, Carrol, Leeming, Gary, Law, Andrew, Wham, Murray, Clohisey, Sara, Hendry, Ross, Scott-Brown, James, Greenhalf, William, Shaw, Victoria, McDonald, Sara, Keating, Seán, Ahmed, Katie A., Armstrong, Jane A, Ashworth, Milton, Asiimwe, Innocent G, Bakshi, Siddharth, Barlow, Samantha L, Booth, Laura, Brennan, Benjamin, Bullock, Katie, Catterall, Benjamin WA, Clark, Jordan J, Clarke, Emily A, Cole, Sarah, Cooper, Louise, Cox, Helen, Davis, Christopher, Dincarslan, Oslem, Dunn, Chris, Dyer, Philip, Elliott, Angela, Evans, Anthony, Finch, Lorna, Fisher, Lewis WS, Foster, Terry, Garcia-Dorival, Isabel, Greenhalf, William, Gunning, Philip, Hartley, Catherine, Jensen, Rebecca L, Jones, Christopher B, Jones, Trevor R, Khandaker, Shadia, King, Katharine, Kiy, Robyn T., Koukorava, Chrysa, Lake, Annette, Lant, Suzannah, Latawiec, Diane, Lavelle-Langham, Lara, Lefteri, Daniella, Lett, Lauren, Livoti, Lucia A, Mancini, Maria, McDonald, Sarah, McEvoy, Laurence, McLauchlan, John, Metelmann, Soeren, Miah, Nahida S, Middleton, Joanna, Mitchell, Joyce, Moore, Shona C, Murphy, Ellen G, Penrice-Randal, Rebekah, Pilgrim, Jack, Prince, Tessa, Reynolds, Will, Ridley, P. Matthew, Sales, Debby, Shaw, Victoria E, Shears, Rebecca K, Small, Benjamin, Subramaniam, Krishanthi S, Szemiel, Agnieska, Taggart, Aislynn, Tanianis-Hughes, Jolanta, Thomas, Jordan, Trochu, Erwan, Tonder, Libby van, Wilcock, Eve, Zhang, J. Eunice, Flaherty, Lisa, Maziere, Nicole, Cass, Emily, Carracedo, Alejandra Doce, Carlucci, Nicola, Holmes, Anthony, Massey, Hannah, Adeniji, Kayode, Agranoff, Daniel, Agwuh, Ken, Ail, Dhiraj, Alegria, Ana, Angus, Brian, Ashish, Abdul, Atkinson, Dougal, Bari, Shahedal, Barlow, Gavin, Barnass, Stella, Barrett, Nicholas, Bassford, Christopher, Baxter, David, Beadsworth, Michael, Bernatoniene, Jolanta, Berridge, John, Best, Nicola, Bothma, Pieter, Brealey, David, Brittain-Long, Robin, Bulteel, Naomi, Burden, Tom, Burtenshaw, Andrew, Caruth, Vikki, Chadwick, David, Chambler, Duncan, Chee, Nigel, Child, Jenny, Chukkambotla, Srikanth, Clark, Tom, Collini, Paul, Cosgrove, Catherine, Cupitt, Jason, Cutino-Moguel, Maria-Teresa, Dark, Paul, Dawson, Chris, Dervisevic, Samir, Donnison, Phil, Douthwaite, Sam, DuRand, Ingrid, Dushianthan, Ahilanadan, Dyer, Tristan, Evans, Cariad, Eziefula, Chi, Fegan, Chrisopher, Finn, Adam, Fullerton, Duncan, Garg, Sanjeev, Garg, Sanjeev, Garg, Atul, Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni, Godden, Jo, Goldsmith, Arthur, Graham, Clive, Hardy, Elaine, Hartshorn, Stuart, Harvey, Daniel, Havalda, Peter, Hawcutt, Daniel B, Hobrok, Maria, Hodgson, Luke, Hormis, Anil, Jacobs, Michael, Jain, Susan, Jennings, Paul, Kaliappan, Agilan, Kasipandian, Vidya, Kegg, Stephen, Kelsey, Michael, Kendall, Jason, Kerrison, Caroline, Kerslake, Ian, Koch, Oliver, Koduri, Gouri, Koshy, George, Laha, Shondipon, Laird, Steven, Larkin, Susan, Leiner, Tamas, Lillie, Patrick, Limb, James, Linnett, Vanessa, Little, Jeff, MacMahon, Michael, MacNaughton, Emily, Mankregod, Ravish, Masson, Huw, Matovu, Elijah, McCullough, Katherine, McEwen, Ruth, Meda, Manjula, Mills, Gary, Minton, Jane, Mirfenderesky, Mariyam, Mohandas, Kavya, Mok, Quen, Moon, James, Moore, Elinoor, Morgan, Patrick, Morris, Craig, Mortimore, Katherine, Moses, Samuel, Mpenge, Mbiye, Mulla, Rohinton, Murphy, Michael, Nagel, Megan, Nagarajan, Thapas, Nelson, Mark, Otahal, Igor, Pais, Mark, Panchatsharam, Selva, Paraiso, Hassan, Patel, Brij, Pattison, Natalie, Pepperell, Justin, Peters, Mark, Phull, Mandeep, Pintus, Stefania, Pooni, Jagtur, Post, Frank, Price, David, Prout, Rachel, Rae, Nikolas, Reschreiter, Henrik, Reynolds, Tim, Richardson, Neil, Roberts, Mark, Roberts, Devender, Rose, Alistair, Rousseau, Guy, Ryan, Brendan, Saluja, Taranprit, Shah, Aarti, Shanmuga, Prad, Sharma, Anil, Shawcross, Anna, Sizer, Jeremy, Shankar-Hari, Manu, Smith, Richard, Snelson, Catherine, Spittle, Nick, Staines, Nikki, Stambach, Tom, Stewart, Richard, Subudhi, Pradeep, Szakmany, Tamas, Tatham, Kate, Thomas, Jo, Thompson, Chris, Thompson, Robert, Tridente, Ascanio, Tupper-Carey, Darell, Twagira, Mary, Ustianowski, Andrew, Vallotton, Nick, Vincent-Smith, Lisa, Visuvanathan, Shico, Vuylsteke, Alan, Waddy, Sam, Wake, Rachel, Walden, Andrew, Welters, Ingeborg, Whitehouse, Tony, Whittaker, Paul, Whittington, Ashley, Wijesinghe, Meme, Williams, Martin, Wilson, Lawrence, Wilson, Sarah, Winchester, Stephen, Wiselka, Martin, Wolverson, Adam, Wooton, Daniel G, Workman, Andrew, Yates, Bryan, and Young, Peter

Abstract

Studies of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 have found varying mortality outcomes associated with underlying respiratory conditions and inhaled corticosteroid use. Using data from a national, multicentre, prospective cohort, we aimed to characterise people with COVID-19 admitted to hospital with underlying respiratory disease, assess the level of care received, measure in-hospital mortality, and examine the effect of inhaled corticosteroid use.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. Changes in in-hospital mortality in the first wave of COVID-19: a multicentre prospective observational cohort study using the WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK

Author

Docherty, Annemarie B, Mulholland, Rachel H, Lone, Nazir I, Cheyne, Christopher P, De Angelis, Daniela, Diaz-Ordaz, Karla, Donegan, Cara, Drake, Thomas M, Dunning, Jake, Funk, Sebastian, García-Fiñana, Marta, Girvan, Michelle, Hardwick, Hayley E, Harrison, Janet, Ho, Antonia, Hughes, David M, Keogh, Ruth H, Kirwan, Peter D, Leeming, Gary, Nguyen Van-Tam, Jonathan S, Pius, Riinu, Russell, Clark D, Spencer, Rebecca G, Tom, Brian DM, Turtle, Lance, Openshaw, Peter JM, Baillie, J Kenneth, Harrison, Ewen M, Semple, Malcolm G, Baillie, J Kenneth, Semple, Malcolm G, Openshaw, Peter JM, Carson, Gail, Alex, Beatrice, Bach, Benjamin, Barclay, Wendy S, Bogaert, Debby, Chand, Meera, Cooke, Graham S, Docherty, Annemarie B, Dunning, Jake, da Silva Filipe, Ana, Fletcher, Tom, Green, Christopher A, Harrison, Ewen M, Hiscox, Julian A, Ho, Antonia YW, Horby, Peter W, Ijaz, Samreen, Khoo, Say, Klenerman, Paul, Law, Andrew, Lim, Wei Shen, Mentzer, Alexander J, Merson, Laura, Meynert, Alison M, Noursadeghi, Mahdad, Moore, Shona C, Palmarini, Massimo, Paxton, William A, Pollakis, Georgios, Price, Nicholas, Rambaut, Andrew, Robertson, David L, Russell, Clark D, Sancho-Shimizu, Vanessa, Scott, Janet T, de Silva, Thushan, Sigfrid, Louise, Solomon, Tom, Sriskandan, Shiranee, Stuart, David, Summers, Charlotte, Tedder, Richard S, Thomson, Emma C, Thompson, AA Roger, Thwaites, Ryan S, Turtle, Lance CW, Gupta, Rishi K, Palmieri, Carlo, Zambon, Maria, Hardwick, Hayley, Donohue, Chloe, Lyons, Ruth, Griffiths, Fiona, Oosthuyzen, Wilna, Norman, Lisa, Pius, Riinu, Drake, Thomas M, Fairfield, Cameron J, Knight, Stephen R, Mclean, Kenneth A, Murphy, Derek, Shaw, Catherine A, Dalton, Jo, Girvan, Michelle, Saviciute, Egle, Roberts, Stephanie, Harrison, Janet, Marsh, Laura, Connor, Marie, Halpin, Sophie, Jackson, Clare, Gamble, Carrol, Leeming, Gary, Law, Andrew, Wham, Murray, Clohisey, Sara, Hendry, Ross, Scott-Brown, James, Greenhalf, William, Shaw, Victoria, McDonald, Sarah E, Keating, Seán, Ahmed, Katie A, Armstrong, Jane A, Ashworth, Milton, Asiimwe, Innocent G, Bakshi, Siddharth, Barlow, Samantha L, Booth, Laura, Brennan, Benjamin, Bullock, Katie, Catterall, Benjamin WA, Clark, Jordan J, Clarke, Emily A, Cole, Sarah, Cooper, Louise, Cox, Helen, Davis, Christopher, Dincarslan, Oslem, Dunn, Chris, Dyer, Philip, Elliott, Angela, Evans, Anthony, Finch, Lorna, Fisher, Lewis WS, Foster, Terry, Garcia-Dorival, Isabel, Greenhalf, William, Gunning, Philip, Hartley, Catherine, Jensen, Rebecca L, Jones, Christopher B, Jones, Trevor R, Khandaker, Shadia, King, Katharine, Kiy, Robyn T, Koukorava, Chrysa, Lake, Annette, Lant, Suzannah, Latawiec, Diane, Lavelle-Langham, Lara, Lefteri, Daniella, Lett, Lauren, Livoti, Lucia A, Mancini, Maria, McDonald, Sarah, McEvoy, Laurence, McLauchlan, John, Metelmann, Soeren, Miah, Nahida S, Middleton, Joanna, Mitchell, Joyce, Moore, Shona C, Murphy, Ellen G, Penrice-Randal, Rebekah, Pilgrim, Jack, Prince, Tessa, Reynolds, Will, Ridley, P. Matthew, Sales, Debby, Shaw, Victoria E, Shears, Rebecca K, Small, Benjamin, Subramaniam, Krishanthi S, Szemiel, Agnieska, Taggart, Aislynn, Tanianis-Hughes, Jolanta, Thomas, Jordan, Trochu, Erwan, van Tonder, Libby, Wilcock, Eve, Zhang, J. Eunice, Flaherty, Lisa, Maziere, Nicole, Cass, Emily, Doce Carracedo, Alejandra, Carlucci, Nicola, Holmes, Anthony, Massey, Hannah, Murphy, Lee, Wrobel, Nicola, McCafferty, Sarah, Morrice, Kirstie, MacLean, Alan, Adeniji, Kayode, Agranoff, Daniel, Agwuh, Ken, Ail, Dhiraj, Aldera, Erin L, Alegria, Ana, Angus, Brian, Ashish, Abdul, Atkinson, Dougal, Bari, Shahedal, Barlow, Gavin, Barnass, Stella, Barrett, Nicholas, Bassford, Christopher, Basude, Sneha, Baxter, David, Beadsworth, Michael, Bernatoniene, Jolanta, Berridge, John, Best, Nicola, Bothma, Pieter, Chadwick, David, Brittain-Long, Robin, Bulteel, Naomi, Burden, Tom, Burtenshaw, Andrew, Caruth, Vikki, Chadwick, David, Chambler, Duncan, Chee, Nigel, Child, Jenny, Chukkambotla, Srikanth, Clark, Tom, Collini, Paul, Cosgrove, Catherine, Cupitt, Jason, Cutino-Moguel, Maria-Teresa, Dark, Paul, Dawson, Chris, Dervisevic, Samir, Donnison, Phil, Douthwaite, Sam, DuRand, Ingrid, Dushianthan, Ahilanadan, Dyer, Tristan, Evans, Cariad, Eziefula, Chi, Fegan, Chrisopher, Finn, Adam, Fullerton, Duncan, Garg, Sanjeev, Garg, Sanjeev, Garg, Atul, Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni, Godden, Jo, Goldsmith, Arthur, Graham, Clive, Hardy, Elaine, Hartshorn, Stuart, Harvey, Daniel, Havalda, Peter, Hawcutt, Daniel B, Hobrok, Maria, Hodgson, Luke, Hormis, Anil, Jacobs, Michael, Jain, Susan, Jennings, Paul, Kaliappan, Agilan, Kasipandian, Vidya, Kegg, Stephen, Kelsey, Michael, Kendall, Jason, Kerrison, Caroline, Kerslake, Ian, Koch, Oliver, Koduri, Gouri, Koshy, George, Laha, Shondipon, Laird, Steven, Larkin, Susan, Leiner, Tamas, Lillie, Patrick, Limb, James, Linnett, Vanessa, Little, Jeff, Lyttle, Mark, MacMahon, Michael, MacNaughton, Emily, Mankregod, Ravish, Masson, Huw, Matovu, Elijah, McCullough, Katherine, McEwen, Ruth, Meda, Manjula, Mills, Gary, Minton, Jane, Mirfenderesky, Mariyam, Mohandas, Kavya, Mok, Quen, Moon, James, Moore, Elinoor, Morgan, Patrick, Morris, Craig, Mortimore, Katherine, Moses, Samuel, Mpenge, Mbiye, Mulla, Rohinton, Murphy, Michael, Nagel, Megan, Nagarajan, Thapas, Nelson, Mark, O'Shea, Matthew K, Otahal, Igor, Ostermann, Marlies, Pais, Mark, Panchatsharam, Selva, Papakonstantinou, Danai, Paraiso, Hassan, Patel, Brij, Pattison, Natalie, Pepperell, Justin, Peters, Mark, Phull, Mandeep, Pintus, Stefania, Singh Pooni, Jagtur, Post, Frank, Price, David, Prout, Rachel, Rae, Nikolas, Reschreiter, Henrik, Reynolds, Tim, Richardson, Neil, Roberts, Mark, Roberts, Devender, Rose, Alistair, Rousseau, Guy, Ryan, Brendan, Saluja, Taranprit, Shah, Aarti, Shanmuga, Prad, Sharma, Anil, Shawcross, Anna, Sizer, Jeremy, Shankar-Hari, Manu, Smith, Richard, Snelson, Catherine, Spittle, Nick, Staines, Nikki, Stambach, Tom, Stewart, Richard, Subudhi, Pradeep, Szakmany, Tamas, Tatham, Kate, Thomas, Jo, Thompson, Chris, Thompson, Robert, Tridente, Ascanio, Tupper-Carey, Darell, Twagira, Mary, Ustianowski, Andrew, Vallotton, Nick, Vincent-Smith, Lisa, Visuvanathan, Shico, Vuylsteke, Alan, Waddy, Sam, Wake, Rachel, Walden, Andrew, Welters, Ingeborg, Whitehouse, Tony, Whittaker, Paul, Whittington, Ashley, Papineni, Padmasayee, Wijesinghe, Meme, Williams, Martin, Wilson, Lawrence, Sarah, Sarah, Winchester, Stephen, Wiselka, Martin, Wolverson, Adam, Wooton, Daniel G, Workman, Andrew, Yates, Bryan, and Young, Peter

Abstract

Mortality rates in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 in the UK appeared to decline during the first wave of the pandemic. We aimed to quantify potential drivers of this change and identify groups of patients who remain at high risk of dying in hospital.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

37. Maya creativity

Author

Stuart, David

Subjects
Hieroglyphics -- Social aspects, History
Abstract

The ancient Maya developed a way of writing that was more complex than that of any other Indian culture of the Americas. Like the ancient Egyptians, the Maya wrote by [...]

Published
2008

38. A structure-function analysis shows SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 balances antibody escape and ACE2 affinity

Author

Liu, Chang, Zhou, Daming, Dijokaite-Guraliuc, Aiste, Supasa, Piyada, Duyvesteyn, Helen M.E., Ginn, Helen M., Selvaraj, Muneeswaran, Mentzer, Alexander J., Das, Raksha, de Silva, Thushan I., Ritter, Thomas G., Plowright, Megan, Newman, Thomas A.H., Stafford, Lizzie, Kronsteiner, Barbara, Temperton, Nigel, Lui, Yuan, Fellermeyer, Martin, Goulder, Philip, Klenerman, Paul, Dunachie, Susanna J., Barton, Michael I., Kutuzov, Mikhail A., Dushek, Omer, Fry, Elizabeth E., Mongkolsapaya, Juthathip, Ren, Jingshan, Stuart, David I., and Screaton, Gavin R.

Abstract

BA.2.86, a recently described sublineage of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron, contains many mutations in the spike gene. It appears to have originated from BA.2 and is distinct from the XBB variants responsible for many infections in 2023. The global spread and plethora of mutations in BA.2.86 has caused concern that it may possess greater immune-evasive potential, leading to a new wave of infection. Here, we examine the ability of BA.2.86 to evade the antibody response to infection using a panel of vaccinated or naturally infected sera and find that it shows marginally less immune evasion than XBB.1.5. We locate BA.2.86 in the antigenic landscape of recent variants and look at its ability to escape panels of potent monoclonal antibodies generated against contemporary SARS-CoV-2 infections. We demonstrate, and provide a structural explanation for, increased affinity of BA.2.86 to ACE2, which may increase transmissibility.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. James Webb: an optical success story.

Author

Stuart, David

Subjects
SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments, OPTICAL elements, OPTICAL telescopes, SPACE telescopes, MIRRORS
Published
2022

41. Development and validation of the ISARIC 4C Deterioration model for adults hospitalised with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study

Author

Gupta, Rishi K, Harrison, Ewen M, Ho, Antonia, Docherty, Annemarie B, Knight, Stephen R, van Smeden, Maarten, Abubakar, Ibrahim, Lipman, Marc, Quartagno, Matteo, Pius, Riinu, Buchan, Iain, Carson, Gail, Drake, Thomas M, Dunning, Jake, Fairfield, Cameron J, Gamble, Carrol, Green, Christopher A, Halpin, Sophie, Hardwick, Hayley E, Holden, Karl A, Horby, Peter W, Jackson, Clare, Mclean, Kenneth A, Merson, Laura, Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S, Norman, Lisa, Olliaro, Piero L, Pritchard, Mark G, Russell, Clark D, Scott-Brown, James, Shaw, Catherine A, Sheikh, Aziz, Solomon, Tom, Sudlow, Cathie, Swann, Olivia V, Turtle, Lance, Openshaw, Peter J M, Baillie, J Kenneth, Semple, Malcolm G, Noursadeghi, Mahdad, Baillie, J Kenneth, Semple, Malcolm G, Openshaw, Peter JM, Carson, Gail, Alex, Beatrice, Bach, Benjamin, Barclay, Wendy S, Bogaert, Debby, Chand, Meera, Cooke, Graham S, Docherty, Annemarie B, Dunning, Jake, Filipe, Ana da Silva, Fletcher, Tom, Green, Christopher A, Harrison, Ewen M, Hiscox, Julian A, Ho, Antonia Ying Wai, Horby, Peter W, Ijaz, Samreen, Khoo, Saye, Klenerman, Paul, Law, Andrew, Lim, Wei Shen, Mentzer, Alexander J, Merson, Laura, Meynert, Alison M, Noursadeghi, Mahdad, Moore, Shona C, Palmarini, Massimo, Paxton, William A, Pollakis, Georgios, Price, Nicholas, Rambaut, Andrew, Robertson, David L, Russell, Clark D, Sancho-Shimizu, Vanessa, Scott, Janet T, de Silva, Thushan, Sigfrid, Louise, Solomon, Tom, Sriskandan, Shiranee, Stuart, David, Summers, Charlotte, Tedder, Richard S, Thomson, Emma C, Thompson, AA Roger, Thwaites, Ryan S, Turtle, Lance CW, Zambon, Maria, Hardwick, Hayley, Donohue, Chloe, Lyons, Ruth, Griffiths, Fiona, Oosthuyzen, Wilna, Norman, Lisa, Pius, Riinu, Drake, Tom M, Fairfield, Cameron J, Knight, Stephen, Mclean, Kenneth A, Murphy, Derek, Shaw, Catherine A, Dalton, Jo, Lee, James, Plotkin, Daniel, Girvan, Michelle, Mullaney, Scott, Petersen, Claire, Saviciute, Egle, Roberts, Stephanie, Harrison, Janet, Marsh, Laura, Connor, Marie, Halpin, Sophie, Jackson, Clare, Gamble, Carrol, Leeming, Gary, Law, Andrew, Wham, Murray, Clohisey, Sara, Hendry, Ross, Scott-Brown, James, Greenhalf, William, Shaw, Victoria, McDonald, Sarah, Keating, Seán, Ahmed, Katie A., Armstrong, Jane A, Ashworth, Milton, Asiimwe, Innocent G, Bakshi, Siddharth, Barlow, Samantha L, Booth, Laura, Brennan, Benjamin, Bullock, Katie, Catterall, Benjamin WA, Clark, Jordan J, Clarke, Emily A, Cole, Sarah, Cooper, Louise, Cox, Helen, Davis, Christopher, Dincarslan, Oslem, Dunn, Chris, Dyer, Philip, Elliott, Angela, Evans, Anthony, Finch, Lorna, Fisher, Lewis WS, Foster, Terry, Garcia-Dorival, Isabel, Greenhalf, Willliam, Gunning, Philip, Hartley, Catherine, Ho, Antonia, Jensen, Rebecca L, Jones, Christopher B, Jones, Trevor R, Khandaker, Shadia, King, Katharine, Kiy, Robyn T., Koukorava, Chrysa, Lake, Annette, Lant, Suzannah, Latawiec, Diane, Lavelle-Langham, L, Lefteri, Daniella, Lett, Lauren, Livoti, Lucia A, Mancini, Maria, McDonald, Sarah, McEvoy, Laurence, McLauchlan, John, Metelmann, Soeren, Miah, Nahida S, Middleton, Joanna, Mitchell, Joyce, Moore, Shona C, Murphy, Ellen G, Penrice-Randal, Rebekah, Pilgrim, Jack, Prince, Tessa, Reynolds, Will, Ridley, P. Matthew, Sales, Debby, Shaw, Victoria E, Shears, Rebecca K, Small, Benjamin, Subramaniam, Krishanthi S, Szemiel, Agnieska, Taggart, Aislynn, Tanianis-Hughes, Jolanta, Thomas, Jordan, Trochu, Erwan, van Tonder, Libby, Wilcock, Eve, Zhang, J. Eunice, Adeniji, Kayode, Agranoff, Daniel, Agwuh, Ken, Ail, Dhiraj, Alegria, Ana, Angus, Brian, Ashish, Abdul, Atkinson, Dougal, Bari, Shahedal, Barlow, Gavin, Barnass, Stella, Barrett, Nicholas, Bassford, Christopher, Baxter, David, Beadsworth, Michael, Bernatoniene, Jolanta, Berridge, John, Best, Nicola, Bothma, Pieter, Brealey, David, Brittain-Long, Robin, Bulteel, Naomi, Burden, Tom, Burtenshaw, Andrew, Caruth, Vikki, Chadwick, David, Chambler, Duncan, Chee, Nigel, Child, Jenny, Chukkambotla, Srikanth, Clark, Tom, Collini, Paul, Cosgrove, Catherine, Cupitt, Jason, Cutino-Moguel, Maria-Teresa, Dark, Paul, Dawson, Chris, Dervisevic, Samir, Donnison, Phil, Douthwaite, Sam, DuRand, Ingrid, Dushianthan, Ahilanadan, Dyer, Tristan, Evans, Cariad, Eziefula, Chi, Fegan, Chrisopher, Finn, Adam, Fullerton, Duncan, Garg, Sanjeev, Garg, Sanjeev, Garg, Atul, Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni, Godden, Jo, Goldsmith, Arthur, Graham, Clive, Hardy, Elaine, Hartshorn, Stuart, Harvey, Daniel, Havalda, Peter, Hawcutt, Daniel B, Hobrok, Maria, Hodgson, Luke, Hormis, Anil, Jacobs, Michael, Jain, Susan, Jennings, Paul, Kaliappan, Agilan, Kasipandian, Vidya, Kegg, Stephen, Kelsey, Michael, Kendall, Jason, Kerrison, Caroline, Kerslake, Ian, Koch, Oliver, Koduri, Gouri, Koshy, George, Laha, Shondipon, Laird, Steven, Larkin, Susan, Leiner, Tamas, Lillie, Patrick, Limb, James, Linnett, Vanessa, Little, Jeff, MacMahon, Michael, MacNaughton, Emily, Mankregod, Ravish, Masson, Huw, Matovu, Elijah, McCullough, Katherine, McEwen, Ruth, Meda, Manjula, Mills, Gary, Minton, Jane, Mirfenderesky, Mariyam, Mohandas, Kavya, Mok, Quen, Moon, James, Moore, Elinoor, Morgan, Patrick, Morris, Craig, Mortimore, Katherine, Moses, Samuel, Mpenge, Mbiye, Mulla, Rohinton, Murphy, Michael, Nagel, Megan, Nagarajan, Thapas, Nelson, Mark, Otahal, Igor, Pais, Mark, Panchatsharam, Selva, Paraiso, Hassan, Patel, Brij, Pattison, Natalie, Pepperell, Justin, Peters, Mark, Phull, Mandeep, Pintus, Stefania, Pooni, Jagtur Singh, Post, Frank, Price, David, Prout, Rachel, Rae, Nikolas, Reschreiter, Henrik, Reynolds, Tim, Richardson, Neil, Roberts, Mark, Roberts, Devender, Rose, Alistair, Rousseau, Guy, Ryan, Brendan, Saluja, Taranprit, Shah, Aarti, Shanmuga, Prad, Sharma, Anil, Shawcross, Anna, Sizer, Jeremy, Shankar-Hari, Manu, Smith, Richard, Snelson, Catherine, Spittle, Nick, Staines, Nikki, Stambach, Tom, Stewart, Richard, Subudhi, Pradeep, Szakmany, Tamas, Tatham, Kate, Thomas, Jo, Thompson, Chris, Thompson, Robert, Tridente, Ascanio, Tupper-Carey, Darell, Twagira, Mary, Ustianowski, Andrew, Vallotton, Nick, Vincent-Smith, Lisa, Visuvanathan, Shico, Vuylsteke, Alan, Waddy, Sam, Wake, Rachel, Walden, Andrew, Welters, Ingeborg, Whitehouse, Tony, Whittaker, Paul, Whittington, Ashley, Wijesinghe, Meme, Williams, Martin, Wilson, Lawrence, Wilson, Sarah, Winchester, Stephen, Wiselka, Martin, Wolverson, Adam, Wooton, Daniel G, Workman, Andrew, Yates, Bryan, and Young, Peter

Abstract

Prognostic models to predict the risk of clinical deterioration in acute COVID-19 cases are urgently required to inform clinical management decisions.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. Analysis of Benzenoid Substitution Patterns in Small Molecule Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients

Author

Nilova, Aleksandra, Campeau, Louis-Charles, Sherer, Edward C., and Stuart, David R.

Abstract

Previous analyses have revealed that benzenoid rings are prevalent scaffolds in active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Here, we analyze the substitution patterns of benzenoid rings in small molecule APIs approved by the FDA through 2019 and show that only a few substitution patterns (1-, 1,2-, 1,4-, and 1,2,4-) prevail, and the distribution has remained relatively constant over time. We postulate the connection between available synthetic methods and the occurrence of a few benzenoid substitution patterns by providing an overview of synthetic methods that elaborate existing substitution patterns and those that create new substitution patterns, including those of the former that are favored by medicinal chemists. Finally, we calculated medicinal chemistry properties of benzenoid containing APIs that are often used by practitioners as design elements, including “druglikeness”, shape, complexity, and similarity/diversity and discuss these properties in the context of synthesis.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

44. Broad and strong memory CD4+and CD8+T cells induced by SARS-CoV-2 in UK convalescent individuals following COVID-19

Author

Peng, Yanchun, Mentzer, Alexander J., Liu, Guihai, Yao, Xuan, Yin, Zixi, Dong, Danning, Dejnirattisai, Wanwisa, Rostron, Timothy, Supasa, Piyada, Liu, Chang, López-Camacho, César, Slon-Campos, Jose, Zhao, Yuguang, Stuart, David I., Paesen, Guido C., Grimes, Jonathan M., Antson, Alfred A., Bayfield, Oliver W., Hawkins, Dorothy E. D. P., Ker, De-Sheng, Wang, Beibei, Turtle, Lance, Subramaniam, Krishanthi, Thomson, Paul, Zhang, Ping, Dold, Christina, Ratcliff, Jeremy, Simmonds, Peter, de Silva, Thushan, Sopp, Paul, Wellington, Dannielle, Rajapaksa, Ushani, Chen, Yi-Ling, Salio, Mariolina, Napolitani, Giorgio, Paes, Wayne, Borrow, Persephone, Kessler, Benedikt M., Fry, Jeremy W., Schwabe, Nikolai F., Semple, Malcolm G., Baillie, J. Kenneth, Moore, Shona C., Openshaw, Peter J. M., Ansari, M. Azim, Dunachie, Susanna, Barnes, Eleanor, Frater, John, Kerr, Georgina, Goulder, Philip, Lockett, Teresa, Levin, Robert, Zhang, Yonghong, Jing, Ronghua, Ho, Ling-Pei, Cornall, Richard J., Conlon, Christopher P., Klenerman, Paul, Screaton, Gavin R., Mongkolsapaya, Juthathip, McMichael, Andrew, Knight, Julian C., Ogg, Graham, and Dong, Tao

Abstract

The development of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines and therapeutics will depend on understanding viral immunity. We studied T cell memory in 42 patients following recovery from COVID-19 (28 with mild disease and 14 with severe disease) and 16 unexposed donors, using interferon-γ-based assays with peptides spanning SARS-CoV-2 except ORF1. The breadth and magnitude of T cell responses were significantly higher in severe as compared with mild cases. Total and spike-specific T cell responses correlated with spike-specific antibody responses. We identified 41 peptides containing CD4+and/or CD8+epitopes, including six immunodominant regions. Six optimized CD8+epitopes were defined, with peptide–MHC pentamer-positive cells displaying the central and effector memory phenotype. In mild cases, higher proportions of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+T cells were observed. The identification of T cell responses associated with milder disease will support an understanding of protective immunity and highlights the potential of including non-spike proteins within future COVID-19 vaccine design.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. Structural basis for the neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by an antibody from a convalescent patient

Author

Zhou, Daming, Duyvesteyn, Helen M. E., Chen, Cheng-Pin, Huang, Chung-Guei, Chen, Ting-Hua, Shih, Shin-Ru, Lin, Yi-Chun, Cheng, Chien-Yu, Cheng, Shu-Hsing, Huang, Yhu-Chering, Lin, Tzou-Yien, Ma, Che, Huo, Jiandong, Carrique, Loic, Malinauskas, Tomas, Ruza, Reinis R., Shah, Pranav N. M., Tan, Tiong Kit, Rijal, Pramila, Donat, Robert F., Godwin, Kerry, Buttigieg, Karen R., Tree, Julia A., Radecke, Julika, Paterson, Neil G., Supasa, Piyada, Mongkolsapaya, Juthathip, Screaton, Gavin R., Carroll, Miles W., Gilbert-Jaramillo, Javier, Knight, Michael L., James, William, Owens, Raymond J., Naismith, James H., Townsend, Alain R., Fry, Elizabeth E., Zhao, Yuguang, Ren, Jingshan, Stuart, David I., and Huang, Kuan-Ying A.

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an unprecedented health and economic impact and there are currently no approved therapies. We have isolated an antibody, EY6A, from an individual convalescing from COVID-19 and have shown that it neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 and cross-reacts with SARS-CoV-1. EY6A Fab binds the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the viral spike glycoprotein tightly (KDof 2 nM), and a 2.6-Å-resolution crystal structure of an RBD–EY6A Fab complex identifies the highly conserved epitope, away from the ACE2 receptor binding site. Residues within this footprint are key to stabilizing the pre-fusion spike. Cryo-EM analyses of the pre-fusion spike incubated with EY6A Fab reveal a complex of the intact spike trimer with three Fabs bound and two further multimeric forms comprising the destabilized spike attached to Fab. EY6A binds what is probably a major neutralizing epitope, making it a candidate therapeutic for COVID-19.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

46. Neutralizing nanobodies bind SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD and block interaction with ACE2

Author

Huo, Jiandong, Le Bas, Audrey, Ruza, Reinis R., Duyvesteyn, Helen M. E., Mikolajek, Halina, Malinauskas, Tomas, Tan, Tiong Kit, Rijal, Pramila, Dumoux, Maud, Ward, Philip N., Ren, Jingshan, Zhou, Daming, Harrison, Peter J., Weckener, Miriam, Clare, Daniel K., Vogirala, Vinod K., Radecke, Julika, Moynié, Lucile, Zhao, Yuguang, Gilbert-Jaramillo, Javier, Knight, Michael L., Tree, Julia A., Buttigieg, Karen R., Coombes, Naomi, Elmore, Michael J., Carroll, Miles W., Carrique, Loic, Shah, Pranav N. M., James, William, Townsend, Alain R., Stuart, David I., Owens, Raymond J., and Naismith, James H.

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is more transmissible than previous coronaviruses and causes a more serious illness than influenza. The SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein binds to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor as a prelude to viral entry into the cell. Using a naive llama single-domain antibody library and PCR-based maturation, we have produced two closely related nanobodies, H11-D4 and H11-H4, that bind RBD (KDof 39 and 12?nM, respectively) and block its interaction with ACE2. Single-particle cryo-EM revealed that both nanobodies bind to all three RBDs in the spike trimer. Crystal structures of each nanobody–RBD complex revealed how both nanobodies recognize the same epitope, which partly overlaps with the ACE2 binding surface, explaining the blocking of the RBD–ACE2 interaction. Nanobody-Fc fusions showed neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 (4–6?nM for H11-H4, 18?nM for H11-D4) and additive neutralization with the SARS-CoV-1/2 antibody CR3022.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

48. Target Identification and Mode of Action of Four Chemically Divergent Drugs against Ebolavirus Infection

Author

Ren, Jingshan, Zhao, Yuguang, Fry, Elizabeth E., and Stuart, David I.

Abstract

Here, we show that four chemically divergent approved drugs reported to inhibit Ebolavirus infection, benztropine, bepridil, paroxetine and sertraline, directly interact with the Ebolavirus glycoprotein. Binding of these drugs destabilizes the protein, suggesting that this may be the mechanism of inhibition, as reported for the anticancer drug toremifene and the painkiller ibuprofen, which bind in the same large cavity on the glycoprotein. Crystal structures show that the position of binding and the mode of interaction within the pocket vary significantly between these compounds. The binding constants (Kd) determined by thermal shift assay correlate with the protein–inhibitor interactions as well as with the antiviral activities determined by virus cell entry assays, supporting the hypothesis that these drugs inhibit viral entry by binding the glycoprotein and destabilizing the prefusion conformation. Details of the protein–inhibitor interactions of these complexes and their relation with binding affinity may facilitate the design of more potent inhibitors.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

49. Policy-relevant Webometrics for individual scientific fields

Author

Thelwall, Mike, Klitkou, Antje, Verbeek, Arnold, Stuart, David, and Vincent, Celine

Subjects
Scientific societies -- Management, World Wide Web -- Usage, Information services -- Evaluation, Information services industry -- Evaluation, Information services industry, Company business management, World Wide Web, Computers, Library and information science, Mathematics
Abstract

The potential of policy-relevant Webometrics for individual scientific fields is analyzed with the help of four case studies to understand the most suitable roles for Webometric indicators in support of research policy and field-based Webometrics. The relatively wide scope of Webometrics including research organization and intermediary groups like professional associations, Web portals, and government agencies could provide evidence about the networking and mutual awareness, research process to compliment peer review, bibliometric and patent indicators.

Published
2010

50. Web crawling ethics revisited: cost, privacy, and denial of service

Author

Thelwall, Mike and Stuart, David

Subjects
Downloading -- Ethical aspects, Internet/Web search services -- Ethical aspects, Web sites -- Ethical aspects, Web sites -- Safety and security measures, Internet search software, Internet/Web search service, Text search and retrieval software, Company Web site/Web page, Computers, Library and information science, Mathematics
Abstract

The need of developing web crawlers' usage ethics to save website owners from penalties and networking problems is presented.

Published
2006

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results