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Das Verbundprojekt Personalisierte Medizin für die Onkologie (PM4Onco), das 2023 als Anwendungsfall der Medizininformatik-Initiative (MII) im Rahmen der Nationalen Dekade gegen Krebs (NDK) initiiert wurde, zielt darauf ab, eine nachhaltige Infrastruktur zur Integration und Nutzung von Daten aus der klinischen Routine und biomedizinischen Forschung für die personalisierte Medizin (PM) aufzubauen. Die bereitgestellten Daten werden in geeigneter Form von PM4Onco aufbereitet, um die Entscheidungsfindung in molekularen Tumorboards (MTB) zu unterstützen und deren Erfolg zu messen. MTB sind ein entscheidendes Instrument in der PM zur individualisierten, translationalen Versorgung von Krebspatient:innen. Hauptziel von MTB ist die Verarbeitung komplexer molekularer Daten, um individuelle Therapieansätze zu identifizieren und die Wirksamkeit stratifizierter Therapieansätze zu beweisen. Eine komplementäre Rolle übernehmen die klinischen Krebsregister, die die Qualität der Patientendaten durch standardisierte Dokumentationsroutinen, Nachuntersuchungen sowie Behandlungsergebnisse signifikant erweitern und verbessern können. Klinische Expert:innen sind in die Weiterentwicklung der standardisierten Kerndatensätze für die PM einbezogen. Einen wichtigen Beitrag liefern zudem die Informationen zu Lebensqualität und Behandlungserfolg, die Patient:innen über Fragebögen rückmelden, ein wichtiges Erfolgskriterium, das außerhalb klinischer Studien kaum erfasst wird. Patientenvertreter:innen begleiten das Projekt, um die wichtige Perspektive der Betroffenen bei der Projektsteuerung einzubeziehen. PM4Onco vereint somit die MII, onkologische Spitzenzentren, klinische Krebsregister, Wissenschaftler:innen und Patient:innen, um die PM in der Krebstherapie datengetrieben voranzubringen.

Induced seismicity can be observed everywhere where the natural strain field of the earth's crust is changed through human influence, e. g. through mining, construction of cavities, storage of gas in rocks, injections of waste water, or hydrotechnical reservoirs. Such encroachments can release rock bursts, microearthquakes, or sometimes strong earthquakes. For the investigation of this type of seismic events, a modern mobile seismic array was developed. It consists of 6 high-sensitivity seismometer stations with radiotelemetry and one receiving and recording station installed in a measuring vehicle. In this vehicle, the seismic signals from the seismometer stations are received, selected, and recorded on cassette using the pulse code modulation method (PCM). The seismic signals are interpreted by means of a desk computer and a plotter. A few minutes after recording a seismic event, one can compute and plot the location (epi- and hypocentre), energy (magnitude), and frequency distribution (histogram). In an actual case of induced seismicity, information can be given very quickly by use of this special array. This information could be important for the safety of the construction. Examples are given in the paper. La séismicité provoquée peut être observée partout où le champ de tensions naturel de la croûte terrestre est modifié par une influence humaine, c'est-à-dire l'exploitation des mines, le creusement de cavités, l'accumulation de gaz dans les roches, l'injection d'eaux usées ou la construction de réservoirs hydrotechniques. De tels abus peuvent produire des éclatements de roches, des micro-séismes, voire quelquefois de forts séismes. Un ensemble séismique moderne et mobile a été mis au point pour l'étude de ce type de phénomènes séismiques. Il comprend six stations séismiques de grande sensibilité avec radiotélémètre et une station capteuse et enregistreuse installée sur un véhicule de mesure. Dans ce véhicule, les signaux séismiques des stations séismométriques sont reçus, triés et enregistrés sur cassette en utilisant la méthode PCM (pulse code modulation). Les signaux séismiques sont interprétés au moyen d'un ordinateur à console et d'un traceur de courbes. Quelques minutes après l'enregistrement d'un phénomène séismique, on peut calculer et tracer son emplacement (épicentre et hypocentre), son énergie (magnitude) et la répartition des fréquences (histogramme). Dans un cas réel de séismicité provoquée, l'information peut être donnée très rapidement au moyen de cet appareillage spécial. Cette information pourrait être importante pour la sécurité de la construction. Des exemples en sont donnés dans l'article.

The treatment of ligament injuries of the knee has undergone rapid progress, especially with the improvement of arthroscopic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Since the advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after knee trauma with ligament injuries, interest has focussed on the clinical significance of concomitant articular and osseous lesions. In 48 of 141 MRIs, different types of these lesions were found; in 38 cases an arthroscopy was performed and 34 times the patients could clinically and radiologically be examined after at least 6 months. Bone bruise was found 26 times, in 16 cases associated with ACL-tears. Eleven patients had subchondral fractures, 7 osteochondral fractures, and in 4 patients, stress fractures were found. They were attributed to various mechanisms of trauma, in different percentages associated with ligament tears and in different dimensions visible or progressive on follow-up MRIs. Obviously some of the different lesions of subchondral and spongeous bone can indicate later degenerative arthritis, so that we find hints for a modification of rehabilitation, e.g., open versus closed kinetic chain or orthosis with relief of single compartments.

Abstract: Periarticular ossifications of the shoulder after surgery have been described since the beginning of the century. Risk factors and the clinical impact of heterotopic bone formation have been discussed controversially. After open surgery on the shoulder, 131 patients (rotator cuff repair n = 106, acromioplasty n = 25) were included in a retrospective study if pre- and postoperative X-rays were available. The age of the 90 men and 41 women averaged 51 years (range 29–67 years). The minimum follow-up was 2 years. Also, 108 patients were interviewed by questionnaire to estimate the subjective outcome of the procedure (5 patients were reported dead). A clinical examination was carried out on 86 patients using the Constant score for evaluation of the objective outcome. Heterotopic ossifications were found in 35 cases (26.7%), 28 of them after rotator cuff reconstruction and 7 after acromioplasty. A good to excellent result was reported by 89% (n = 65) of the patients without and by 80% (n = 28) of the patients with ossifications. The Constant score averaged 69 points and 74 points (n = 60), respectively. A significant difference between the two collectives could not be calculated. As significant risk factors for the formation of heterotopic bone, the existence of osteoarthritis and the duration and complexity of the procedure could be cited. The appearance of periarticular ossifications after surgery of the shoulder seems to be of minor clinical impact. Severe cases with major functional deficits should and can be prevented by a fast and atraumatic operation technique.

In studies of micro-earthquake activity in the area with the highest rate of uplift in Fennoscandia, mobile earthquake stations of high sensitivity were operated for 3 weeks in connection with the Blue Road seismic-field experiments in 1972.