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Despite its prevalence, the 20th-century communal kiddush ritual in synagogues remains understudied. This article addresses the gap by analyzing its purposes, connection to the prayer service, and impact on religious and social aspects. Drawing on Bakhtin, Gluckman, and Turner, this study explores how its carnivalesque elements challenge norms while reinforcing the synagogue. Additionally, it investigates kiddush's liminality and significance. The Kiddush ritual is pivotal, encapsulating values, ethos, and processes. Culinary practices within it function as an encrypted language, unveiling insights into the synagogue's central social role and the significance of food in shaping communities and religious belonging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the revival of the Torah world among Jewish men after the Holocaust has been studied, the reconstruction of Orthodox Jewish women's society has been given short shrift. This study focuses on Bais Yaakov teachers and their reverence towards their teacher, Sarah Schenirer (1883–1935). Particularly after the Holocaust, Schenirer's legacy became a central concept in rebuilding a social, religious, and educational framework for Ultraorthodox Jewish women. In many ways, the memory of Sarah Schenirer, taken by Ultraorthodox society as representing the entire Jewish world of interwar Europe, served to some extent as a substitute for Holocaust memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]