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The article focuses on neonatal liver failure caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV), which is rare but often severe. Topics include the predominance of HSV-1 over HSV-2 in neonatal liver failure cases, survival rates with antiviral treatment, and the challenges of diagnosis and management of HSV-related liver infections in newborns.

Melanie Thomas provides an update on management of lympoedema in those with breast cancer [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on understanding Chiari malformation and its implications for massage therapy. Topics include the anatomical significance of Chiari malformation, its symptoms and complications, and how massage therapy might affect individuals with this condition, discusses practical considerations for massage therapists working with affected clients.

David Morris looks at how diabetes may put patients at greater risk of infection [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study analyzing data from thousands of patients in a multistate behavioral health treatment organization has reported that some of the most at‐risk patients in mental health care are also the most likely to stay in treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the comparison between respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza virus infections in older patients, emphasizing the severity differences.

The article focuses on the significance of rapid treatment in patients with anticoagulation-associated intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and its potential impact on mortality and outcomes, as indicated by an analysis of door-to-treatment times and outcomes from a nationwide stroke registry.

The article focuses on a randomized trial comparing catheter ablation to medical therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients and its impact on psychological well-being, particularly anxiety and depression scores. Topics include the study methodology, which involved assessing psychological distress using self-administered questionnaires, and the significant reduction in anxiety and depression scores observed in the ablation group compared to the medical therapy group over a 12-month period.

Margaret Perry explains what nurses need to know when treating children with eczema in primary care [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Results of an analysis of three medication trials for alcohol use disorder (AUD) lend weight to the argument that drinking reductions short of abstinence can benefit even those individuals at the most severe levels of illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents findings from a big data-driven observational study comparing the effectiveness of acute migraine therapies, revealing triptans, particularly eletriptan, as the most efficacious class followed by ergots and antiemetics. Topics include the methodology and results of the study, considerations regarding the real-world application of the findings, and the implications for clinical practice and future research in migraine management.

The article discusses a prospective cohort study comparing long-term cognitive outcomes in patients hospitalized for severe COVID-19 with those hospitalized for other severe illnesses, finding similar impairment levels between the two groups. Topics include the prevalence of long COVID symptoms, the impact on cognitive function, and the importance of evidence-based interventions to prevent severe illness and hospitalization.

The article focuses on two cohort studies investigating the impact of metformin use on the risk of dementia in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, both concluding that metformin is associated with a reduced risk of diabetes-associated dementia.

The article reviews a retrospective, single-center cohort study comparing the effectiveness of adjuvant clindamycin to linezolid in patients with severe invasive Group A Streptococcal skin and soft tissue infections. Topics include the lack of significant difference in clinical response between the two adjunctive therapies, the potential of linezolid as an alternative in the context of increasing clindamycin resistance, and the associated risk of Clostridioides difficile infection.

The article focuses on two health advisory alerts from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), emphasizing the urgent need for vaccinations against seasonal respiratory viruses and warning about the spread of a virulent monkeypox virus (MPXV) in Africa. It mentions the CDC highlights low vaccination rates for COVID-19, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

The article focuses on the effectiveness of aerobic exercise in improving erectile function. Topics discussed include the methodology of the 11 randomized controlled trials and the potential of exercise as a healthy alternative to medications like Viagra for enhancing circulation to vital organs, including the penis.

The article focuses on the detection of six cases of Bartonella quintana infection in individuals experiencing homelessness in New York City, with four of them requiring cardiac valve replacement for endocarditis. Topics include the retrospective active surveillance conducted by the New York City Department of Health, clinical details of the cases, the association with unsheltered homelessness, and the potential implications for public health.

The article emphasizes the role of Complete Blood Count with Differential (CBC-Diff) in infection detection, highlighting advancements in innate immunity diagnostics, white blood cell activation parameters, and the integration of digital hematology imaging with artificial intelligence (AI) for enhanced blood analysis efficiency. It discusses innovations contributing to early sepsis detection, differentiation between bacterial and viral infections, and improved patient outcomes.

One of the country's oldest and most prominent psychiatric hospitals has launched a residential program specializing in treating adults with severe trauma and dissociative disorders, with a recommended 12‐week stay to absorb an intensive therapeutic curriculum covering 60 topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the first-ever international consensus guidelines on the use of prolonged-infusion (PI) beta-lactam antibiotics, endorsed by several professional societies. The guidelines recommend considering PI over standard infusion (SI) beta-lactams for severely ill adult patients with gram-negative infections to reduce mortality and improve clinical cure, but they do not provide strong recommendations for other patient populations due to limited evidence.

Researchers who have completed a new cohort study involving alcohol users have suggested that evaluating alcohol use disorder (AUD) based on the severity of the various diagnostic criteria might offer a clearer picture than an approach that simply counts the number of criteria an individual endorses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the use of hydrocortisone in the treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). It presents findings from a multicenter trial where hydrocortisone reduced mortality rates among patients with severe CAP significantly, along with improvements in secondary outcomes such as 90-day mortality rates, incidence of endotracheal intubation, and vasopressor use, without a significant increase in safety concerns.

The article focuses on the increasing rates of severe group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections globally, emphasizing that the rise in hospitalizations and deaths from GAS infections may be due to post-pandemic changes in immunity, exposure to respiratory pathogens, and the emergence of new pathogenic strains of Streptococcus.

The article discusses how depression can significantly impact cognitive functions. Topics include symptoms associated with depression including loss of enjoyment in things that previously brought pleasure, difference between memory problems that show up in depression and in Alzheimer's and other forms of dementia, and strategies suggested by Dr. Andrew Budson to lower the risk of depression and protect memory if one is prone to the mood disorder.

A substance use symptom checklist that is now routinely used at Kaiser Permanente primary care clinics in Washington state is effective in determining the severity of a disorder and does not appear to discriminate based on patient demographic characteristics, a newly published study has found. The results suggest the feasibility of tools that can be used in primary care settings to guide accurate diagnostic and treatment decisions for patients with substance use disorders (SUDs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The American Association of Orthodontists (AAO) estimates that 27% of patients receiving orthodontic treatment in the US and Canada are adults, and therefore may be more likely to present with periodontal diseases and conditions. In fact, it is estimated that the prevalence of periodontitis is 42% in adults >30 years of age, and approximately 50% of adults have at least one site with >1 mm of gingival recession. It is therefore critical to understand the rationale and proper sequencing for periodontal and orthodontic care for common clinical presentations, including periodontitis, thin periodontal phenotype/gingival recession, and esthetically compromised hopeless teeth. After active disease and inf lammation are well controlled, integration of periodontal and orthodontic treatment can be used to allow for optimal outcomes based upon the directionality of orthodontic forces, the bony and soft tissue morphology, and the need for esthetic improvements at the sites of hopeless teeth. In these complex cases, a staged, interdisciplinary approach can most adequately treat patients to achieve optimal esthetics, function, and oral health. This course will elucidate the decision-making process and sequencing for periodontal and orthodontic treatment in patients with both malocclusion and periodontal diseases/conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the influence of vitamin intake on migraine prevalence. Topics include the association between dietary thiamine and riboflavin intake and headache history; the use of B vitamins in migraine prevention; and the limitations of the study.

The article discusses a study on the relationship between dietary intake of thiamine and riboflavin and severe headaches or migraines. It uses data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to study a cross-section of adults surveyed between 1999 and 2004. It further highlights the potential role of diet modification, including B vitamins, in reducing migraine disability.

Many Medicaid‐eligible children are not receiving recommended timely follow‐up care in the community after a mental health‐related visit to a hospital emergency department, a newly published study suggests. The study's numbers paint an especially disappointing picture for Black children, likely reflecting a number of conditions ranging from a lack of diversity in the behavioral health workforce to limited access to school‐based services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heather Henry explains how nurses can help patients to prevent asthma from disturbing sleep [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To describe the variation in COVID-19 mortality among residents of Cali, Colombia, in the second wave of the pandemic, before vaccines, and in the fourth wave, with vaccination roll-out in process, taking into account variables of sex, age group, comorbidities, and interval between onset of symptoms and death, and to estimate the number of deaths averted by vaccination. Methods. A cross-sectional study of second wave and fourth wave deaths and vaccination coverage. The frequencies of attributes of deceased population in the two waves were compared, including comorbidities. Machado's method was used to calculate an estimate of the number of deaths averted in the fourth wave. Results. There were 1 133 deaths in the second wave and 754 deaths in the fourth wave. It was calculated that approximately 3 763 deaths were averted in the fourth wave in Cali in the context of vaccination roll-out. Conclusions. The decline in COVID-19-associated mortality observed supports the continuation of the vaccination program. Given the lack of data to explain other possible reasons for this decline, such as on the severity of novel viral variants, the limitations of the study are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. To characterize the distribution profile of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika virus infections in Latin America and the Caribbean and to identify possible factors associated with the risk of dissemination and severity of these arboviruses. Methods. The protocol of this review was registered on the PROSPERO platform. Searches were carried out in the following databases: Virtual Health Library, MEDLINE/PubMed, and Embase. The search terms were: Zika virus, Zika virus infection, dengue, dengue virus, chikungunya virus, chikungunya fever, epidemiology, observational study, Latin America, and Caribbean region. Studies that addressed the distribution of these arboviruses and the risk factors associated with dengue, Zika virus disease, and chikungunya, published between January 2000 and August 2020 in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, were included. Results. Of 95 studies included, 70 identified risk factors, clinical manifestations, and outcomes for arbovirus infections and 25 described complications and/or deaths. The highest frequency of confirmed cases was for dengue. Brazil reported most cases of the three arboviruses in the period analyzed. Environmental and socioeconomic factors facilitated the proliferation and adaptation of vectors, and host-related factors were reported to aggravate dengue. Most deaths were due to chikungunya, Zika virus disease caused most neurological alterations, and dengue resulted in greater morbidity leading to more frequent hospitalization. Conclusions. The review provides a broad view of the three arboviruses and the intrinsic aspects of infections, and highlights the factors that influence the spread of these viruses in the populations studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a question and answer related to choosing between bypass surgery over stents to treat high blood pressure, high cholesterol and chest pain.

The article explains the importance of the Gleason score in evaluating prostate cancer. Topics include the emergence of transrectal biopsy as the most common type of prostate biopsy, the grading system of the tumor using Gleason score created by the International Society of Urological Pathology, and how Gleason scores are used.

The article focuses on the protective effects of vegetarian diets against COVID-19, citing research published in the journal "BMJ Nutrition Prevention & Health" that suggests a plant-based diet may reduce COVID-19 risks and complications.

The article reports that the FDA has approved the Stelara biosimilar Otulfi (ustekinumab-aauz) for treating multiple autoimmune disorders. Topics include the global commercialization partnership between Fresenius Kabi and Formycon that led to Otulfi's approval; the drug's mechanism as a human monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-12 and interleukin-23; and the anticipated launch date in the United States by February 22, 2025.

Researchers at the University of Seoul in South Korea conducted a study comparing three statistical models - logistic regression, classification tree, and structural equation model (SEM) - to predict severe dengue illness. The study used data from 257 Thai children and found that the SEM model performed comparably to logistic regression and classification tree models in predicting severe forms of dengue. The researchers concluded that SEM models showed varying sensitivity and specificity, but overall performed well. This research has been peer-reviewed and published in The Journal of Infectious Diseases. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine examined the association between neighborhood characteristics and the severity of illness among children in the United States. The study found that children living in impoverished neighborhoods had reduced access to healthcare resources, which was linked to increased mortality, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) admission, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and longer hospital stays. The study highlights the need for further research to address health disparities and the impact of neighborhood-level deprivation on children's health outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Johns Hopkins University discusses the use of noninvasive respiratory support (NRS) for pediatric critical asthma. The study analyzed data from 125 pediatric ICUs and found that the initial NRS modalities prescribed varied widely by hospital center, with heated, humidified, high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) being the most commonly prescribed. The study also found that older children who were obese and had a higher Pediatric Risk of Mortality score were more likely to be prescribed bi-level positive airway pressure (BPAP) or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) instead of HFNC. The researchers suggest that further prospective trials are needed to determine the optimal delivery of nebulized treatments and to compare the effectiveness of different NRS devices. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses research evaluated the safety and efficacy of dupilumab in reducing exacerbations and improving lung function among children aged six to 11 years with moderate to severe type 2 asthma. The study analyzed the annualized rate of severe asthma exacerbations, changes in prebronchodilator percent predicted forced expiratory volume in single second, and treatment-emergent adverse events.

The article focuses on a research finding on the effect of Bebtelovimab on the COVID 19 patients with mild to moderate symptoms.

New research to demonstrate a wearable as a mental health treatment has produced rapid and clinically significant improvements within the first few weeks in individuals experiencing moderate to severe depression, according to researchers who conducted what is considered the largest clinical trial to demonstrate this technology in individuals with mental illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]