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Objective: BoneCeramic can regenerate bone in alveolar defects, but it remains unknown whether it is feasible to move a tooth through BoneCeramic grafting sites. The objective of this study was to investigate three-dimensional real-time bone responses and micromechanical properties in the grafting sites during orthodontic tooth movement.Methods: Sixty 5-week-old rats were randomly assigned into three groups to receive BoneCeramic, natural bovine cancellous bone particles (Bio-Oss), and no graft, respectively, after the extraction of the left maxillary first molar. After 4 weeks, the maxillary left second molar was moved into the extraction for 28 days. Dynamic bone microstructures and root resorption were evaluated using in vivomicro-computed tomography and histology. Stress distribution of tooth roots and biomechanical properties of corresponding bone tissue were examined by finite element methods and nanoindentation. Mixed-model analysis of variance was performed to compare the difference among time points with Bonferroni post hoc tests at the significance level of P< .05.Results: The BoneCeramic group had the least amount of tooth movement and root resorption volume and craters, highest bone volume fraction, trabecular number, mean trabecular thickness, microhardness, and elastic modulus, followed by Bio-Oss and the control group. The highest stress accumulated in the cervical region of the mesial roots.Conclusion: BoneCeramic has better osteoconductive potential and biomechanical properties and induces less root resorption compared with Bio-Oss grafting and naturally recovered extraction site.

Growth factors contained in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have been reported to induce osteoblast differentiation in certain studies, while in others, osteogenesis has not been shown clinically. The aim of the present study was to verify the effect of PRP and its combination with rhBMP-2 as a controlled delivery system during sagittal suture distraction osteogenesis.

The forces and moments supplied by braces determine the movement of tooth in orthodontic treatment, so clearly quantifying the force value is very important to formulate precise treatment plan. In recent decades, scholars have presented many articles about biomechanical research on orthodontic force. Based on investigations of these papers, techniques on orthodontic force stimulation including oral model (bone, PDL and teeth included) reconstruction and constitute model construction, methods in orthodontic force measurement including physical oral model fabrication and device architectures, and techniques on orthodontic force control such as the use of shape memory alloy and shape memory polymer as the wire material, are reviewed. At the end, the conclusions and future works are given.

The forces and moments supplied by braces determine the movement of tooth in orthodontic treatment, so clearly quantifying the force value is very important to formulate precise treatment plan. In recent decades, scholars have presented many articles about biomechanical research on orthodontic force. Based on investigations of these papers, techniques on orthodontic force stimulation including oral model (bone, PDL and teeth included) reconstruction and constitute model construction, methods in orthodontic force measurement including physical oral model fabrication and device architectures, and techniques on orthodontic force control such as the use of shape memory alloy and shape memory polymer as the wire material, are reviewed. At the end, the conclusions and future works are given.