22 results on '"Schricker B"'
Search Results
2. Energy Metabolism of European (Apis Mellifera Carnica) and Egyptian (A. M. Lamarckii) Honeybees
- Author
-
Schmolz, E., Dewitz, R., Schricker, B., and Lamprecht, I.
- Abstract
Two geographical subspecies of the honeybee Apis mellifera, the European bee A. m. carnicaand the Egyptian bee A. m. lamarckii, were investigated by direct calorimetry. Maximum, mean and minimum heat production rates were determined for groups of 6 bees as a function of temperature and daytime. Smaller Egyptian subspecies showed significantly higher mass specific metabolic rates than the European one. Maximum and mean heat production rates decreased exponentially with growing temperatures while the minimum values remained constant.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Antennal sensilla of the queen, half-queen and worker of the Egyptian honey bee, Apis mellifera lamarckii
- Author
-
Zeid, A S Abou and Schricker, B
- Abstract
SUMMARYThe number and distribution of the various types of antennal sensilla of queens, half-queens and workers of Apis mellifera lamarckiiwere examined. Sensilla placodea (SP), sensilla ampullacea (SA), sensilla coeloconica (SC), sensilla campaniformia (SCF), sensilla basiconica (SB) and sensilla trichodea (ST) (types A, B1+B2 and C+D) were observed on flagella of the three female types of bee. Queens and half-queens had similar numbers of most types of sensilla; queens had fewer SC and more ST types C+D. The numbers of SCF and SC varied most among bee types. The total number of ST type B, ST type A and SB showed greatest weights in discrimination analysis of the three types of flagella. Three well-separated groups representing the three types of flagella were obtained by using discriminant analysis.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Direct calorimetric measurement of heat production rates in flying hornets (Vespa crabro; Hymenoptera)
- Author
-
Schmolz, E., Brueders, N., Schricker, B., and Lamprecht, I.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Heat Dissipation of Flying Wax Moths (Galleria Mellonella) Measured by Means of Direct Calorimetry
- Author
-
Schmolz, E., Geisenheyner, S., Schricker, B., and Lamprecht, I.
- Abstract
Heat production rates and flight speed of adult wax moths (Galleria mellonella) were investigated by means of direct calorimetry at TA=20 and 30°C. Specific heat production rates were not significantly different between males and females at TA=20°C (pTH=747±123.7 mW g-1, n=5 for males and pTH=791±169 mW g-1, n=5 for females) even with females having a higher body mass (MB=83.8±21.6 mg, n=9 for males and MB=146.4±25.7 mg, n=11 for females) and wing load. In females, heat production rates were dependent on temperature with higher heat production rates at TA=20°C (pTH=791±169 mW g-1, n=5) than at TA=30°C (pTH=441±74 mW g-1, n=6). Flight speed was also clearly correlated with TA. Both males and females flew more slowly at TA=20 than at 30°C.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Calorimetric measurements of energy contents and heat production rates during development of the wax moth Galleria mellonella
- Author
-
Schmolz, E., Drutschmann, S., Schricker, B., and Lamprecht, I.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. The effects of porcine somatotropin and dietary lysine on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing swine fed to 105 or 127 kilograms2
- Author
-
Johnston, M. E., Nelssen, J. L., Goodband, R. D., Kropf, D. H., Hines, R. H., and Schricker, B. R.
- Abstract
One hundred twenty barrows (initially 59 kg) were used to determine the effects of dietary lysine and porcine somatotropin (pST) on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs fed to heavy market weights (127 kg). Pigs were injected daily with either 4 mg of pST or a placebo and fed diets containing either .8, 1.0, 1.2, or 1.4% lysine in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement. Performance data were collected and evaluated for the weight ranges: 59 to 105, 105 to 127, and 59 to 127 kg. In addition, daily accretion rates of protein (DPA), lipid (DLA), moisture, and ash were determined by slaughtering six randomly selected pigs at the start of the experiment, then one pig per pen when pigs reached mean weights of 105 and 127 kg. Pigs injected with pST had greater (P< .05) ADG than control pigs at all weight ranges. Increased dietary lysine had no effect (P> .20) on ADG during the entire trial (59 to 127 kg). Although control pigs showed no increase in ADG with increasing lysine, ADG of pST-treated pigs tended to increase. This resulted in a pST × lysine interaction (P< .07) for ADG from 59 to 127 kg. Feed consumption decreased (P< .05) in pigs from 59 to 105 kg and 59 to 127 kg with pST treatment and with increasing dietary lysine. Feed conversion (G/F) was improved (P< .01) by pST administration and a tendency for a pST × lysine interaction (P< .12) was observed. At 105 kg, average backfat thickness, kidney fat, longissimus muscle area, and DPA were unaffected by dietary lysine but were improved by pST treatment (P< .01). At a slaughter weight of 127 kg, average backfat thickness decreased and DPA increased (linear, P< .05) with increasing dietary lysine and pST treatment (P< .01). Longissimus muscle area was increased and DLA was decreased (P< .01) by injections of pST but both were unchanged by dietary lysine. These data indicate that growth performance and carcass characteristics at 105 and 127 kg were improved by daily administration of 4 mg of pST. At both slaughter weights, increasing dietary lysine resulted in increased carcass leanness (increased carcass protein and decreased carcass lipid). Although increasing lysine did not improve overall (59 to 127 kg) ADG and feed efficiency, pST-treated pigs showed a greater response to increasing dietary lysine. The data indicate that pST-treated pigs (4 mg/d) require approximately 28 g/d of lysine.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Recombinant porcine somatotropin for sows during late gestation and throughout lactation
- Author
-
Cromwell, G. L., Stahly, T. S., Edgerton, L. A., Monegue, H. J., Burnell, T. W., Schenck, B. C., and Schricker, B. R.
- Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate whether administration of recombinant porcine somatotropin (pST) to sows (Hampshire-Yorkshire) enhanced lactational performance. In Exp. 1, sows (n = 84) were fed a corn-soybean meal diet (17.8% CP), or a similar diet with 8% added fat, from d 108 of gestation to d 28 of lactation. Half of the sows fed each diet were injected with 6 mg/d of pST from d 108 of gestation to d 24 of lactation. Diets were fed at 2.27 kg/d from d 108 of gestation until farrowing and then were self-fed during lactation. By d 3 of lactation, litter size was standardized at 8 to 10 pigs per litter. Treating sows with pST resulted in a 10-fold increase (P< .001) in serum somatotropin at 4 h postinjection. Serum, glucose was increased (P< .01) and serum triglycerides, creatinine, and urea N were decreased (P< .01) by pST. During the summer, apparent heat stress occurred in pST-treated sows, resulting in 14 deaths. Most (10) of the deaths occurred just before, during, or shortly after farrowing. Fewer (P< .08) deaths occurred when pST-treated sows were fed the diet with added fat. Sows treated with pST consumed less feed (P< .10) and lost more backfat (P< .10) during lactation than controls. Increasing the dietary fat did not prevent these changes. Weaning weights of pigs and milk yield of sows (estimated by deuterium oxide dilution) were not affected by pST treatment. In Exp. 2, sows (n = 42) were injected weekly with 0 or 70 mg of pST on d 3, 10, 17, and 24 of lactation. Litters were standardized by d 3 at 8 to 10 pigs, and sows were fed the same control (low fat) diet as in Exp. 1. Sows treated with pST consumed less feed and lost more weight and backfat during lactation than untreated sows. Litter size, average pig weaning weights, and milk yield were not influenced by pST treatment. These data indicate that a 6-mg daily injection of pST from 6 d prepartum to d 24 of lactation or a 70-mg weekly injection of pST from 3 d postpartum to d 24 of lactation does not increase milk production in lactating sows.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Role of cuticular lipids in nestmate recognition of the European hornet Vespa crabro L. (Hymenoptera, Vespidae)
- Author
-
Ruther, J., Sieben, S., and Schricker, B.
- Abstract
Summary: In order to elucidate nestmate recognition in the European hornet Vespa crabro L. (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) the behavioral response of workers towards dead nestmates and non-nestmates was tested in a bioassay. The testing arena was integrated in a socially and physically intact nest, in an effort to ensure natural behavior of the extremely sensitive wasps. The hornets responded to dead non-nestmates with aggressive behavior, whereas dead nestmates were tolerated or ignored. Solvent extraction of non-nestmate dummies resulted in significant decrease of agonistic behavior of the responding workers. Their behavior towards extracted non-nestmate dummies was no longer statistically distinguishable from the behavior towards nestmate dummies treated in the same way. Treatment of extracted nestmate dummies with cuticular extracts of non-nestmates induced aggressive behavior in the responding workers, whereas treatment of the extracted non-nestmate dummies with cuticular extracts of nestmates lead to a significant decrease of agonistic behavior, when compared with untreated non-nestmates. ¶A statistical comparison of the two colonies with regard to the chemical composition of the cuticular extracts revealed that relative peak areas of 5 monoenes, 4 methyl branched alkanes, 1 terpenoid ester, and 2 n-alkanes differed significantly. The chemical analysis of the Dufour's gland revealed that all 16 compounds identified in the gland were also present in the cuticular extracts. ¶The results strongly indicate that particular mixtures of cuticular lipids play an important role in nestmate recognition of V. crabro.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Thermal investigations of a honey bee colony: thermoregulation of the hive during summer and winter and heat production of members of different bee castes
- Author
-
Fahrenholz, L., Lamprecht, I., and Schricker, B.
- Abstract
The temperature at the centre, the periphery and the entrance of a honey bee colony (Apis mellifera carnica) was continuously determined during the summer season and the broodless time in winter. During the summer season the temperature in the brood nest averages 35.5°C with brief excursions up to 37.0°C and down to 33.8°C. Increasing environmental temperatures resulted in linear increases in the temperature of the hive entrance, its periphery and its centre. The temperature in the centre of an overwintering cluster is maintained at an average value of 21.3°C (min 12.0°C, max 33.5°C). With rising ambient temperatures the central temperature of a winter cluster drops whereas the peripheral temperature increases slightly. With decreasing external temperatures the peripheral temperature is lowered by a small amount while the cluster's centre temperature is raised. Linear relationships are observed between the central and the ambient temperature and between the central temperature and the temperature difference of the peripheral and the ambient temperatures. The slopes point to two minimum threshold values for the central (15°C) and the peripheral temperature (5°C) which should not be transgressed in an overwintering cluster. Microcalorimetric determinations of the heat production were performed on the three castes of the honey bee: workers, drones and queens of different ages. Among these groups single adult workers showed the highest heat production rates (209 mW·g
-1 ) with only neglectible fluctuations in the heat production rate. Juvenile workers exhibited a mean heat production rate of 142 mW·g-1 . The rate of heat production of adult workers is strongly dependent upon the number of bees together in a group. With more than 10 individuals weight-specific heat dissipation remains constant with increasing group sizes at a level approximately 1/17 that of an isolated bee. Differences are seen between the rates of virgin (117 mW·g-1 ) and laying (102 mW·g-1 ) queens. Laying queens showed less thermal fluctuations than virgin queens. High fluctuations in heat production rates are observed for drones. In both groups (fertile, juvenile) phases of high and extremely low activity succeed one another. The heat production of juvenile drones was 68 mW·g-1 , that of fertile drones 184 mW·g-1 due to stronger locomotory activities.- Published
- 1989
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Plasma Somatotropin Response to Exogenous Growth Hormone Releasing Factor in Lambs1
- Author
-
Kensinger, R. S., McMunn, L. M., Stover, R. K., Schricker, B. R., Maccecchini, M. L., Harpster, H. W., and Kavanaugh, J. F.
- Abstract
Two experiments were performed to examine the ability of human pancreatic growth hormone releasing factor (hGRF) administration to stimulate endogenous growth hormone (GH) secretion in lambs. Each study utilized eight Dorset wether lambs in replicated 4 × 4 Latin square experiments. Growth hormone response (integrated area under the curve for 150 min post-injection) for 0, 1, 5 and 10 µg hGRF/kg body weight averaged 13, 23, 92 and 134 units, respectively. While the 1-µg hGRF dose was not different (P>.05) than the response to saline injection, there was an increased (P<.01) GH response to 5 or 10 µg hGRF. Overall the GH response increased in a log dose-response fashion. There was distinct variation between lambs in their response to hGRF. Study II examined the optimal method to administer 40 µg hGRF/kg body weight to maximize GH concentration over 24 h. Continuous infusion (CI) was compared with eight (8×), four (4×), or two (2×) injections/d. Hourly blood samples were obtained from all lambs. Growth hormone response (area under the curve for 24 h) was 162, 305, 306 and 220 units for CI, 8×, 4× and 2×, respectively. Growth hormone response to CI was inferior to discrete injections, and the GH response to 4× or 8× was superior to 2×/d. Results demonstrate that, in spite of lamb-to-lamb variation, one can utilize exogenous hGRF to enhance GH secretion in lambs. Thus, the ability of exogenous hGRF to enhance growth performance merits further study.
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Porcine somatotropin and dietary lysine influence bone mineralization and mechanical properties of bones in finishing swine2
- Author
-
Goodband, R. D., Hines, R. H., Nelssen, J. L., Kropf, D. H., and Schricker, B. R.
- Abstract
The femur, a rib, and a third metacarpal were collected from 108 barrows (initial weight = 57 kg) and analyzed to determine the effects of porcine somatotropin (pST) and dietary lysine on bone mineralization and mechanical properties. In Exp. 1, pigs were injected daily with 4 mg of pST and fed diets containing 1.0% Ca and .9% P and either .6, .8, 1.0, 1.2, or 1.4% lysine. Control pigs (placebo injection) received the .6% lysine diet. Bone wall thickness (BWT) of the femur increased (linear, P <.05) but ash content decreased (linear, P <.10) as dietary lysine level increased. Stress and ash content of the rib also decreased (linear, P <.05) with increasing dietary lysine level. In Exp. 2, pigs were injected with either 4 or 8 mg/d of pST and fed diets containing 1.1% Ca and 1.0% P and either .8, 1.0, 1.2, or 1.4% lysine. Control pigs received the .8% lysine diet. Increasing pST dosage increased BWT of the femur (linear, P <.10) but decreased ash content (linear, P <.10). In the rib, increasing pST dosage reduced stress, modulus of elasticity (linear, P <.10), and ash content (linear, P <.01). Increasing lysine level resulted in increased BWT of the femur and decreased ash content of rib, femur, and metacarpal (linear, P <.10). These data indicate that pST administration in conjunction with increasing lysine levels decreases bone ash content but increases BWT of finishing pigs.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Interrelationships between porcine somatotropin and dietary lysine on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing swine2
- Author
-
Goodband, R. D., Nelssen, J. L., Hines, R. H., Kropf, D. H., Stoner, G. R., Thaler, R. C., Lewis, A. J., and Schricker, B. R.
- Abstract
Seventy-two barrows (initial weight = 57.1 kg) were used to determine the interrelationship between porcine somatotropin (pST) and dietary lysine and their effects on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Pigs were injected daily in the extensor muscle of the neck with either 4 or 8 mg of pST and fed a pelleted corn-soybean meal-sesame meal diet (.8% lysine; 17.8% CP) or diets containing 1.0, 1.2, or 1.4% lysine provided by additions of L-lysine-HCl (2 × 4 factorial arrangement). Control pigs (placebo injection) received the .8% lysine diet. All diets were formulated to contain ≥ 200% of current recommendations for other amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. A tendency for a pST × lysine interaction was observed for cumulative ADG (P< .15) and feed conversion (G/F; P< .05). Average daily gain and G/F were improved by increasing dietary lysine level in pigs injected with 4 mg/d of pST; however, pigs injected with 8 mg/d of pST had greater improvements in cumulative ADG and G/F with added lysine. Feed intake was reduced (quadratic, P <.10) as dietary lysine level and pST dosage increased. Increasing pST dosage and dietary lysine increased (linear, P <.05) longissimus muscle area and decreased backfat thickness. Trimmed ham and loin weights were increased (linear, P <.10) by pST dosage. Chemical composition of samples taken from the loin, ham, and belly indicated increased moisture and CP and decreased lipid content as pST dosage and dietary lysine level increased (quadratic, P <.05). Shear force values from loin and semimembranosus increased with increasing lysine level (quadratic, P <.01) and pST dosage (linear, P <.05); however, these differences were not detected by sensory analysis (P> .20). Plasma urea concentrations on d 28 decreased with increasing lysine level (quadratic, P< .05), and plasma lysine concentrations increased (linear, P< .01). Based on the pST × lysine interaction for ADG and G/F, these data suggest that the lysine level needed to maximize growth performance and carcass characteristics may be proportional to the pST dosage provided. Growth and carcass characteristics were maximized by dietary lysine intakes of 27 to 32 and ≥ 36 g/d for pigs injected with 4 and 8 of mg/d of pST, respectively.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Exogenous human growth hormone-releasing factor and ovine somatotropin improve growth performance and composition of gain in lambs
- Author
-
Beermann, D. H., Hogue, D. E., Fishell, V. K., Aronica, S., Dickson, H. W., and Schricker, B. R.
- Abstract
The objectives of this study were 1) to compare intermittent subcutaneous administration of human growth hormone-releasing factor (hGRF) at two doses with a similar regimen of ovine somatotropin (oST) for effects on growth and composition of gain in growing lambs and 2) to determine whether increasing the dietary amino acid availability enhances response to oST or hGRF. Eighty crossbred ewe and wether lambs (25.5 kg live weight) were assigned randomly in pairs to receive four daily injections of excipient, 40 µg oST/kg BW, 5 µg hGRF/kg BW or 10 µg hGRF/kg BW for 42 (n = 80) or 56 (n = 40) d. Doses were adjusted weekly for BW. Mean plasma oST concentrations increased from 2.03 ng/ml prior to treatment to 20.64, 4.80 and 5.45 ng/ml with oST, 5 and 10 µg/kg hGRF doses, respectively. Lambs did not become refractory to hGRF. Cumulative gain increased approximately 18% with 7 wk of treatment with oST and the low dose of hGRF (both P< .01), and feed efficiency improved 21% with oST and 18% with both doses of hGRF (both P< .05). Carcass lipid accretion rate decreased 22% to 30% (P< .001), and carcass protein accretion rate increased 30% to 36% (P< .001) with hGRF and oST treatment, respectively. Addition of fishmeal to the diet at 4% to replace an equal amount of soy protein improved gain 8.5%; it improved efficiency 14.2% (P< .05) across all treatments, and it significantly enhanced the effects of oST on feed efficiency (interaction P< .12) and hind leg muscle weights.
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. The effect of human growth hormone-releasing factor or porcine somatotropin on serum hormones and metabolites, growth performance and carcass traits in swine3
- Author
-
Johnson, J. L., Coffey, M. T., Esbenshade, K. L., Schricker, B. R., and Pilkington, D. H.
- Abstract
Forty barrows (77.9 ± 5.5 kg BW) were allotted to one of five treatment groups to examine the effects of various doses of human growth hormone-releasing factor (1–44)NH2(hGRF) or porcine somatotropin (pST) administered twice daily on serum hormones and metabolites, performance and carcass traits. Barrows were injected s.c. with either a placebo, 10 µg hGRF·kg BW−1·12 h−1, 20 µg hGRF·kg BW−1·12 h−1, 20 µg pST·kg BW−1·12 h−1or 40µg pST·kg BW−1·12 h−1for a 36-d growth trial. Blood samples were collected from 13 barrows at intervals for 360 min after injection on d 21. Compared with the placebo, 10 µg hGRF·kg−1·12 h−1increased (P< .01) serum pST and insulin and decreased (P< .001) urea N. Injecting 20 µg hGRF/kg·12 h−1elevated (P< .001) serum pST, insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) but lowered (P< .001) urea N. Exogenous pST increased (P< .001) serum pST, insulin, IGF-I and glucose but decreased (P< .001) urea N. Growth rate tended to increase, and feed intake and feed/gain decreased, in a dose-related manner in response to hGRF. Also, pigs receiving 10 or 20 µg hGRF·kg−1·12 h−1had reduced (P< .1) backfat and increased (P< .1) loineye area and percentage lean in the ham compared with pigs receiving the placebo. At equal doses, pST elicited more dramatic improvements in performance and carcass criteria than did hGRF. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. The effects of porcine somatotropin and dietary lysine on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing swine2
- Author
-
Goodband, R. D., Nelssen, J. L., Hines, R. H., Kropf, D. H., Thaler, R. C., Schricker, B. R., Fitzner, G. E., and Lewis, A. J.
- Abstract
Seventy-two finishing pigs (initial weight = 57.6 kg) were utilized to determine the effects of porcine somatotropin (pST) and dietary lysine level on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Pigs were injected daily with 4 mg pST in the extensor muscle of the neck and fed either a pelleted corn-sesame meal diet (.6% lysine, 17.8% CP) or diets containing .8, 1.0, 1.2 or 1.4% lysine provided by additions of L-lysine·HCl. All diets were formulated to contain at least twice the required amounts of other amino acids. Control pigs received a placebo injection and the .6%-lysine diet. Increasing levels of dietary lysine resulted in increased ADG and improved feed conversion (quadratic, P< .01) for pST-treated pigs. The calculated daily lysine intake was 16.6, 13.6, 19.6, 25.1, 29.6 and 33.6 g for the control and pST-treated pigs fed .6, .8, 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4% lysine, respectively, over the entire experiment. Breakpoint analysis indicated that cumulative ADG and feed conversion were optimized at 1.19 and 1.22% lysine, respectively. Longissimus muscle area and trimmed ham and loin weights increased as dietary lysine was increased among pST-treated pigs (quadratic, P< .01). Breakpoint analysis indicated that 1.11% lysine maximized longissimus muscle area, whereas trimmed ham and loin weights were maximized at .91 and .98% lysine, respectively. Adjusted backfat thickness was not affected by dietary lysine, but pST-treated pigs had less backfat (P< .05) than control pigs did. Percentage moisture of the longissimus muscle increased (linear, P< .05), as did percentage CP (quadratic, P< .05), whereas fat content decreased (linear, P< .05) as lysine level increased. Similar trends in composition were observed for muscles of the ham (semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris). Shear-force values from the longissimus and semimembranosus were lowest for control pigs, but they increased as dietary lysine level increased among pST-treated pigs. Sensory panel evaluations indicated that juiciness and tenderness decreased (linear, P< .05) as dietary lysine level increased. Plasma urea concentrations decreased linearly (P< .01) on d 28 as lysine level increased, whereas plasma lysine and insulin were increased (quadratic, P< .01). Plasma glucose and free fatty acid concentrations on d 28 tended to increase (quadratic, P< .10) with increasing dietary lysine level. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Influence of Lysocellin and Monensin on Mineral Metabolism of Steers Fed Forage-Based Diets1
- Author
-
Spears, J. W., Schricker, B. R., and Burns, J. C.
- Abstract
Studies were conducted to determine the effects of lysocellin and monensin on mineral metabolism of steers fed forage-based diets. In each study treatments consisted of 1) control, 2) 100 mg lysocellin/d, 3) 200 mg lysocellin/d and 4) 200 mg monensin/d. Twenty-four growing Hereford steers were used in each of two experiments to evaluate the effects of ionophore feeding on plasma and ruminal soluble mineral concentrations. Steers were fed individually greenchop (tall fescue and bermudagrass) ad libitum and .91 kg/d of a corn-trace mineral salt-ionophore supplement. Plasma and ruminal fluid samples were obtained on d 28 and 84 in both studies. Ruminal concentrations of soluble phosphorus (P) and iron (Fe) were higher (P< .05), whereas soluble manganese (Mn) was lower (P< .01), in steers fed lysocellin than in controls. Steers fed lysocellin had higher (P< .05) plasma magnesium (Mg) concentrations than control steers. Plasma and ruminal soluble mineral concentrations generally were similar for the monensin and 200 mg lysocellin treatments. Two additional studies were conducted to determine the effects of lysocellin and monensin on macromineral apparent absorption and retention in steers fed tall fescue greenchop. Steers were adjusted to their diets for 28 d and then placed in metabolism crates for a 6-d acclimation followed by a 5-d collection of urine and feces. Percent apparent absorption of calcium (Ca), potassium (K), Mg and P was higher (P< .05), whereas sodium (Na) absorption was lower (P< .05), in steers fed lysocellin than in controls. Mineral absorption was similar in steers fed 200 mg lysocellin or monensin. Calcium (P< .05) and K (P< .10) retention (percent of intake) was increased by ionophore feeding. Results indicate that lysocellin and monensin alter apparent absorption and retention of certain minerals in steers fed forage-based diets.
- Published
- 1989
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Effect of Dietary Potassium Chloride on Feeder Pig Performance, Market Shrink, Carcass Traits and Selected Blood Parameters
- Author
-
Brumm, M. C. and Schricker, B. R.
- Abstract
A total of 288 commingled crossbred feeder pigs were purchased and transported 1,050 km in two trials to investigate the effect of added dietary potassium chloride in receiving and finishing diets on feeder pig shrink recovery, performance and pre-slaughter shrink. Diets containing 0, .48%, .96% or 1.44% added potassium chloride were fed for 2 wk post-arrival and again from 12 wk post- arrival until slaughter. There was no effect (P> .1) on gain (22.9 kg pay weight) or feed conversion or on plasma or red blood cell potassium for the 2-wk post-arrival period due to the inclusion of potassium chloride in the 2-wk receiving diet. Also, there was no effect (P> .1) of potassium chloride in diets from 12 wk post-arrival until slaughter on gain, feed conversion, market shrink, carcass dressing percentage and plasma or red blood cell potassium concentration at slaughter. These results suggest that corn-soybean meal-based diets contain sufficient potassium for pigs following a period of stress associated with marketing and transport.
- Published
- 1989
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Calorimetric investigations of the different castes of honey bees, Apis mellifera carnica
- Author
-
Fahrenholz, L., Lamprecht, I., and Schricker, B.
- Abstract
Honey bees of different age and castes were investigated calorimetrically at 20, 25 and 30 °C. Experiments were completed by endoscopic observation of the insects in the visible and the near infrared range and by acoustical monitoring and subsequent frequency analysis of various locomotor activities. Direct calorimetric results of this paper are compared with data of indirect calorimetry from the literature using a respiratory quotient of 1.00 and 21.13 J consumed. Agreements between both methods are generally good. The results show that weight-specific heat production rates increase with age of worker bees by a factor of 5.6 at 30 °C, 3.7 at 25 °C and 40.0 at 20 °C. In groups of foragers the heat production decreases with growing group size to around 6% of the value for an isolated bee. The presence of a fertile queen or of brood reduces the heat output of a small worker group significantly. Adult drones exhibit a much higher metabolic rate (up to 19.7-fold at 20 °C) than juveniles with strong fluctuations in the power-time curves. Fertile queens show a less pronounced heat production rate than virgin queens (54% at 30 °C, 87% at 25 °C and 77% at 20 °C). Calorimetric unrest is much higher for young than for adult queens. Heat production is very low in both uncapped and capped brood and less than 30% of that of a newly emerged worker. In most cases temperature showed a significant influence on the metabolic level, although its sign was not homogeneous between the castes or even within them. Locomotor activities are easily recorded by the acoustic frequency spectrum (0–7.5 kHz) and in good agreement with endoscopic observations and calorimetric traces.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Direct Carousel Flight Calorimeter for Metabolic Investigations of Small Insects
- Author
-
Schmolz, E., Schricker, B., and Lamprecht, I.
- Abstract
An isoperibolic heat flow calorimeter is described for the determination of heat production rates during the tethered flight of small insects such as flies, honeybees or hornets. The insects are fixed with their thoraces to one arm of a low-friction carousel. A sensor counts the number of revolutions per time and determines the speed of flight. Wing sound is monitored by a microphone with an audio recorder, so that wing beat frequencies and hence locomotor activities can be determined. Different illumination means are incorporated to guarantee the illumination levels necessary for flight.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Calorimetric investigations on social thermogenesis in the hornet Vespa crabro L. (Hymenoptera: Vespinae)
- Author
-
Schmolz, E., Lamprecht, I., and Schricker, B.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Effect of dietary potassium sources on apparent absorption and retention of potassium, magnesium and sodium
- Author
-
Schricker, B. R.
- Published
- 1985
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.