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The development of perianal ulcers related to the use of a hemorrhoidal ointment has not been reported in the literature. We describe a series of 11 patients who were treated for perianal ulcers in 10 Spanish hospitals after they used the same ointment containing the active ingredients triamcinolone acetonide, lidocaine, and pentosan polysulfate sodium. No prior or concomitant conditions suggesting an alternative cause for the condition could be identified, and after the patients stopped using the ointment, their ulcers cleared completely in 8 weeks on average. This case series shows the damage that can be caused by an over-the-counter pharmaceutical product used without medical follow-up. It also illustrates the need to ask patients with perianal ulcers about any topical agents used before the lesions appeared.

El penfigoide gestacional (PG) o herpes gestationises una rara enfermedad cutánea autoinmune, que generalmente aparece en el segundo y tercer trimestre, y durante el puerperio, y que puede afectar al curso de la gestación y producir afectación neonatal. Presentamos el caso de una secundigesta con gestación gemelar y pénfigo gestacional. Se describe el proceso de diagnóstico, tratamiento y evolución.

Enamel acid etching plays an important role in treatment on direct bracket bonding. Several studies have been carried out concerning the damage this procedure causes to the enamel. A valuable alternative seems to be the use of photopolymerizable resin-reinforced glass ionomer without acid etching of enamel. This study compares the strength of bracket debonding, the amount of remnant adhesive on the tooth, and the enamel condition in 3 adhesive systems. Three groups were set; in the first group, a glass ionomer with a photopolymerizable resin reinforce and enamel etching with orthophosphoric acid at 37% was used; in the second group, the same ionomer was used but without acid etching; and in the third group, a photopolymerizable resin was used after etching enamel with orthophosphoric acid at 37%. Debonding strength was determined in MPa; a stereoscopic microscope was used to determine the amount of remnant adhesive on the tooth in accordance to ARI and a scanning electron microscope study was made to observe the enamel conditions, existing in debonding among groups (P < .0001), with etching and without etching. The remnant adhesive on the tooth did not show a significant difference (P = 1.000); greater irregularities were found in the enamel in the etching groups. It was demonstrated that the etching was a critical factor in obtaining adequate adhesion strength and that it alters the enamel conditions. Teeth with ionomer and etching had a greater material remnant. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1999;116:514-7)

Electroretinogram (ERG) changes with age have been studied widely, but there is no general agreement about the age at which ERG parameters reach adult values. We studied 296 eyes from 148 healthy subjects, divided into 14 age groups, ranging from 1 week to 21 years. Although most of the maturational changes or ERG take place during the first six months, the a wave completes development at three years of age and the b component shows a smooth increase in latency between 3 and 18–21 years. The latter component also shows an increase in amplitude from 7–8 to 12–14 years. During the first period of maturation the b wave parameters follow a multiplicative model. These data are discussed in relation to previously reported findings on ERG maturation and to morphological and functional eye changes with age.

La aparición de úlceras perianales (UP) en relación a una pomada hemorroidal (PH) es una condición nunca antes reportada en la literatura. Presentamos una serie de 11 casos de 10 hospitales españoles con diagnóstico de UP tras la aplicación de una misma PH con acetónido de triamcinolona, lidocaína y pentosano polisulfato sódico como principios activos. No se ha podido identificar ninguna condición previa o enfermedad concomitante que pudiera justificar un diagnóstico etiológico alternativo y tras retirar la PH se ha evidenciado una resolución completa de las úlceras en un periodo medio de 8 semanas. Esta serie de casos evidencia el potencial efecto dañino de un producto farmacéutico no sujeto a prescripción ni seguimiento médico y la necesidad de interrogar por el uso de agentes tópicos ante la aparición de UP.

Serum amino acids were determined in 22 epileptic children treated with valproic acid. This treatment caused hypocarnitinemia in all, and hyperammonemia in 16. Regardless of the blood ammonia levels, values for glutamic acid, arginine, glycine, serine and alanine were higher than those of normal controls, while aspartic acid and ornithine were lower. These findings suggest that valproate causes intramitochondrial dysfunction of the urea cycle.

Dynamic simulations of homogeneous, heterogeneous and bimaterial fault rupture using modified slip‐weakening frictional laws with static restrengthening are presented giving rise to both crack‐like and pulse‐like rupture. We demonstrate that pulse‐like rupture is possible by making a modification of classical slip‐weakening friction to include static restrengthening. We employ various slip‐weakening frictional laws to examine their effect on the resulting earthquake rupture speed, size and mode. More complex rupture characteristics were produced with more strongly slip‐weakening frictional laws, and the degree of slip‐weakening had to be finely tuned to reproduce realistic earthquake rupture characteristics. Rupture propagation on a fault is controlled by the constitutive properties of the fault. We provide benchmark tests of our method against other reported solutions in the literature. We demonstrate the applicability of our elastoplastic fault model for modeling dynamic rupture and wave propagation in fault systems, and the rich array of dynamic properties produced by our elastoplastic finite element fault model. These are governed by a number of model parameters including: the spatial heterogeneity and material contrast across the fault, the fault strength, and not least of all the frictional law employed. Asymmetric bilateral fault rupture was produced for the bimaterial case, where the degree of material contrast influenced the rupture speed in the different propagation directions.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.