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Supplemental digital content is available in the text.Alomari and colleagues described in 2014 for the first time a distinct combination of vascular malformation, fibrofatty muscular infiltration and contracture which was termed fibroadipose vascular anomaly(FAVA) (J Pediatr Orthoped 34, 109–117 (2014). So far only few publications (J Pediatr Orthoped (2014) 34, 109–117; J Hand Surg (2020). 45, 68.e1, 68.e13; Ann Vasc Dis (2014) 7, 316–319; Pediatr Radiol 46, 1179–1186 (2016)) concerning this newly described disease have been published, covering only a limited number of cases. We present a case of a 19-year-old male patient suffering from a FAVA of the proximal forearm with a severe contracture of the infiltrated flexor musculature. Upon surgery, we observed infiltration of the ulnar nerve. We were able to successfully resect the vascular malformation. Secondary tendon transfer was performed after extensive resection of the flexor musculature.FAVA presents a differential diagnosis in patients with solid growth of the upper or lower extremity and contracture of the involved extremity. We conclude that patients suffering from FAVA of the upper extremity should be referred to a center specialized in oncologic extremity surgery and reconstructive hand and microsurgery.

Vascular anomalies are included in the 30 000 rare diseases worldwide affecting less than 5/10 000 people. Depending on their morphology and biological properties, they can cause varied disorders with organ involvement. Almost 60% of vascular anomalies have a predilection for the head and neck region in children. Clinical and scientific effort to establish interdisciplinary management concepts for vascular anomalies is increasing worldwide.

To prospectively evaluate the diagnostic value and radiation dose of time-resolved CT-Angiography (4D-CTA) in pediatric patients with venous malformations using 3rd generation dual-source CT (DSCT) at 70kVp tube voltage.

OBJECTIVES:We analyzed the effects of anti-hedgehog signaling on the 18F-FDG uptake of pancreatic cancer xenografts (PCXs) using a clinically implemented positron emission tomography (PET)-computer tomography (CT) scanner with high-resolution reconstruction. METHODS:PCXs from two pancreatic cancer cell lines were developed subcutaneously in nude mice and injected intraperitoneally with a low dose of cyclopamine for 1 week. 18F-FDG PET-CT was performed using a new-generation clinical PET-CT scanner with minor modifications of the scanning protocol to adapt for small-animal imaging. The data set was reconstructed and quantified using a three-dimensional workstation. RESULTS:MiaPaCa-2 cells, which respond to cyclopamine, showed decreased 18F-FDG uptake without a change in tumor size. For hip tumors, the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was reduced by -24.5 ± 9.2%, the average SUV (SUVavg) by -33.5 ± 7.0%, and the minimum SUV (SUVmin) by -54.4 ± 11.5% (P< .05). For shoulder tumors, SUVmaxwas reduced by -14.7 ± 7.5%, SUVavgby -12.6 ± 6.3, and SUVminby -30.3 ± 16.7% (P< .05). Capan-1 cells, which do not respond to cyclopamine, did not show significant SUV changes. CONCLUSIONS:The new generations of clinically implemented PET-CT scanners with high-resolution reconstruction detect a minimal response of PCX to low-dose short-term cyclopamine therapy without changes in tumor size and offer potential for preclinical translational imaging.

Morphologic and dynamic renal imaging is necessary for characterization of kidney function in renal insufficiency. Assessment of renal perfusion and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are essential, as the serum creatinine level and urea are not sensitive at an early stage of kidney damage. Currently available GFR estimation methods are time consuming, expensive, and lead to radiation exposure for the patient. Therefore, the aim was to determine the feasibility of morphologic and contrast-enhanced dynamic magnetic resonance imaging for GFR assessment in pcy (polycystic kidneys and fibrosis) mice, using a clinical 3.0 Tesla scanner.

Sadick M, Diehl SJ, Lehmann KJ, Gaa J, Möckel R, Georgi M. Evaluation of breath-hold contrast-enhanced 3D magnetic resonance angiography technique for imaging visceral abdominal arteries and veins. Invest Radiol 2000;35111–117.