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Over decades, nanozyme has served as a better replacement of bioenzymes and fulfills most of the shortcomings and intrinsic disadvantages of bioenzymes. Recently, manganese-based nanomaterials have been highly noticed for redox-modulated multienzyme mimicking activity and wide applications in biosensing and biomedical science. The redox-modulated multienzyme mimicking activity was highly in tune with their size, surface functionalization, and charge on the surface and phases. On the subject of calcination temperature to Mn3O4nanoparticles (NPs), its phase has been transformed to Mn2O3NPs and Mn5O8NPs upon different calcination temperatures. Assigning precise structure–property connections is made easier by preparing the various manganese oxides in a single step. The present study has focused on the variation of multienzyme mimicking activity with different phases of Mn3O4NPs, so that they can be equipped for multifunctional activity with greater potential. Herein, spherical Mn3O4NPs have been synthesized via a one-step coprecipitation method, and other phases are obtained by direct calcination. The calcination temperature varies to 100, 200, 400, and 600 °C and the corresponding manganese oxide NPs are named M-100, M-200, M-400, and M-600, respectively. The phase transformation and crystalline structure are evaluated by powder X-ray diffraction and selected-area electron diffraction analysis. The different surface morphologies are easily navigated by Fourier transform infrared, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis. Fortunately, for the mixed valence state of Mn3O4NPs, all phases of manganese oxide NPs showed multienzyme mimicking activity including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, oxidase (OD), and peroxidase; therefore, it offers a synergistic antioxidant ability to overexpose reactive oxygen species. Mn3O4NPs exhibited good SOD-like enzyme activity, which allowed it to effectively remove the active oxygen (O2•–) from cigarette smoke. A sensitive colorimetric sensor with a low detection limit and a promising linear range has been designed to detect two isomeric phenolic pollutants, hydroquinone (H2Q) and catechol (CA), by utilizing optimized OD activity. The current probe has outstanding sensitivity and selectivity as well as the ability to visually detect two isomers with the unaided eye.

Our modern study is going to inspect new inclusion phenomena between the 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [Bdmim]BF4ionic liquid (IL) and the host α-Cyclodextrin (α-CD) by a 1:1 ratio and newly formed inclusion complex was further explored by the 1H-NMR, FT-IR, UV–vis spectroscopy, PXRD, DSC, and SEM analysis. Molecular docking was also performed to investigate the encapsulation of the inclusion complex in which orientation and it have been seen that the IL [Bdmim]BF4enters into the α-CD cavity with a 1:1 ratio was further established with the help of Job’s plot. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of [Bdmim]BF4IL and its inclusion complex was verified against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains.

In this experimental study, we studied the molecular interactions of l-valine and l-leucine in separate aqueous solutions of D-mannitol at various temperatures and concentrations. The derived parameters, such as apparent molar volume (ϕv), limiting apparent molar volume (ϕv0), viscosity B-coefficient, and Gibbs free energies of activation per mole of solvent and solute, conductance, have been used to predict solute–solvent and solute–solute interactions based on the transition state theory and cosphere overlap model. By adjusting the concentration of l-valine and l-leucine, fluorescence spectra were measured, and the association constant was computed. Hydrophobic–hydrophobic interactions were seen in the 1H NMR experiments, and these findings were supported by computational research. The primary goal of this research is to comprehend how biologically important D-mannitol interacts with significant amino acids in aqueous solutions, which could be suitable for the pharmaceutical sector. These results are anticipated to offer important foundational knowledge for comprehending how sugar alcohol affects protein conformational stability.

Solid rebamipide based inclusion complexes were achieved by freeze-dry method and characterized by FTIR, UV–visible, 1H-NMR, 2D-ROESY, fluorescence spectroscopy, SEM and conductance. The enzyme substituted emission spectrum of the two comparative inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and HP-β-CD in the diverse solvent systems determined the controlled release of the drug were the mid of interest. Amylase increased the stability of the inclusion complexation, proved that if it is taken together with the inclusion complex, the effectiveness and impact of the inclusion complexes will have a prolonged effect in the body. It could significantly improve the bioavailability of rebamipide.

In the recent era, nanotechnology, a rapidly emerging field, has been explored as the most studied field worldwide. The goal of this study is to use neem leaves extract as an effective ‘reducing agent’ and ‘stabilizing agent’ in the green synthesis of bio-medically important Zn1-XNiXO (X = 0.00, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12) nanoparticles. The molar concentrations of nickel nitrate and zinc nitrate are varied to produce nickel-doped ZnO nanoparticles. Color change is the first indicator of nanoparticle formation during this biosynthesis. The hexagonal wurtzite structure with good crystallinity is confirmed by X-ray diffraction. FTIR analysis reveals the fact that the Zn–O stretching vibration shifts with the introduction of impurities into the ZnO matrix. UV–Vis spectra show the typical surface plasma resonance around 370 nm and the hydrodynamic diameter is larger than the size calculated from the XRD value, according to DLS. The main finding of this study is that Ni0.12Zn0.88O has a strong antifungal activity against and a significant growth rate after treating wheat seeds with biologically synthesized Ni0.12Zn0.88O nanoparticles.

Different physicochemical parameters of the food additive azo dye, viz., tartrazine (TZ), were thoroughly examined using three important ionic liquids (ILs) in aqueous solutions, viz., benzyltrimethylammonium chloride (BTMAC), benzyltriethylammonium chloride (BTEAC), and benzyltributylammonium chloride (BTBAC). In order to understand the plausible interactions of TZ with the ILs, various physicochemical properties have been studied, including viscosity (η), density (ρ), refractive index (nD), surface tension, and conductance at different temperatures. Moreover, molar refraction (RM), the apparent molar volume (ΦV) derived from the Masson equation, limiting molar refraction (RM0) from the Lorentz–Lorenz equation, and coefficient of viscosity (B) from the Jones–Dole equation were used to evaluate the molecular interactions between TZ and the ILs at various temperatures and concentrations. Various thermodynamic parameters, such as Δμ10⧧, Δμ20⧧, TΔS20⧧, and ΔH20⧧suggest the strong interactions observed in these systems. Gibbs’s free energy change suggests the spontaneity of the system. The 1H NMR and UV–vis spectroscopy data also support our theoretical and experimental findings. Density functional theory was used to determine the optimum energies with optimized geometries for the molecular assembly of the ternary system (TZ + IL + H2O) in order to validate the experimental observations.

Ionic liquids (ILs) play an important role in modifying the conformational stability of proteins. The alternation of protein conformation is connected with the accumulation of ILs around the amino acid (AA) side chains and the nature of interactions between them. To understand the nature of the interactions between them, we focused on the physicochemical, spectroscopic, and computational investigation of two essential AAs, namely, l-valine and l-leucine, in the aqueous medium of an IL within the range of molality of the IL (0.001, 0.003, and 0.005 mol kg–1) at three different temperatures (298.15, 303.15, and 308.15 K). Thermodynamic parameters are crucial to understanding the intermolecular interaction that is happening in a solution medium. Experimental data of apparent molar volume (ϕv), limiting partial molar volume (ϕv0), limiting partial molar volume of transfer (Δϕv0), viscosity B-coefficient, limiting molar refraction (RM0), molar conductance, and surface tension indicating that the solute–solvent interaction is happening here, and the extent of solute–solvent interaction is found to be much greater for the l-leucine system compared to the l-valine system. The experimental values of Hepler’s constant (∂ϕE0/∂T) and the temperature derivative of B-coefficient (dB/dT) indicate the structure-breaking nature of the AA in the aqueous solution of [EMIM][PF6]. Free activation energy of the solvent and solute (Δμ10≠and Δμ20≠) showed that the transition state is favorable when the temperature is low and the molality of the AA is low. UV–visible absorbance of the AA was recorded by varying the molality of l-valine and l-leucine, and the association constant is calculated. The main motive of this study is to understand the ability of essential AAs to interact with an aqueous solution of a biologically active IL which may be helpful for the pharmaceutical industry. These findings are likely to provide valuable fundamental information toward understanding the effects of ILs on protein conformational stability.

In order to comprehend the various properties of two amino acids (AAs), l-asparagine and l-glutamine, we have studied a number of physicochemical parameters, including density (ρ), absolute viscosity (η), refractive index (nD), conductivity (σ), and surface tension (γ) in the aqueous solution of an ionic liquid (IL), benzyl-tributyl ammonium chloride (BTBAC), in (0.001, 0.003, and 0.005) molalities and five temperatures of 293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K at atmospheric pressure of 0.1 MPa. Limiting apparent molar volumes (Vφ0) derived from the Masson equation, coefficient of viscosity (B) from the Jones–Doles equation, and limiting molar refraction (RM0) from the Lorentz–Lorenz equation are applied to criticize the molecular interactions involving the AAs and the IL at different concentrations and temperatures. Transfer limiting apparent molar volume, Vφ0tr, has been calculated to determine the solute–solvent interaction in an aqueous medium. The thermodynamic parameters such as Δμ10⧧, Δμ20⧧, ΔS20⧧, and ΔH20⧧also suggest that the intermolecular interaction in the ground state is more significant compared to that in the transition state of two ternary systems. The UV–vis and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy data also supported our experimental and theoretical observations. Optimization energy calculation obtained from the computational technique leads to the consequence of stability of the ternary system (IL + AA + H2O) at the molecular level.

A biosensor comprising crystalline CuS nanoparticles (NPs) was synthesized via a one-step simple coprecipitation route without involvement of a surfactant. The powder X-ray diffraction method has been used to evaluate the crystalline nature and different phases consist of the formation of CuS NPs. Mainly hexagonal unit cells consist of the formation of CuS NP unit cells. Most of the surfaces are covered with rhombohedral microparticles with a smooth exterior and surface clustering, examined by SEM images, and the shape of NPs was spherical, having an average size of 23 nm, as confirmed by TEM analysis. This study has focused on the peroxidase-mimicking activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-mimicking activity, and chemosensor-based colorimetric determination and detection of epinephrine (EP) neurotransmitters with excellent selectivity. The CuS NPs catalyzed the oxidation of the oxidase substrate 3, 3-5, 5 tetramethyl benzidine (TMB) with the help of supplementary H2O2that followed Michaelis–Menten kinetics with excellent Kmand Vmaxvalues calculated by the Lineweaver–Burk plot. Taking advantage of the drop in absorbance upon introduction of EP for the CuS NPs-TMB/H2O2system, a colorimetric route has been developed for selective and real-time detection of EP. The sensitivity of the new colorimetric probe was vibrant, having a linear range of 0–16 μM, and achieved a low limit of detection of 457 nM. Moreover, the present nanosystem exhibited appreciable SOD-mimicking activity which could effectively remove O2•–from commercial cigarette smoke, along with it acting as a potential radical scavenger as well. The new nanosystem effectively scavenged •OH, O2.–, and metal chelation which were investigated calorimetrically.

•The TCP-β-CD complex was found to have 1:1 stoichiometry.•The complexation process was found to be thermodynamically favorable.•Inclusion into β-CD enhances the thermal stability of TCP.•Molecular level interactions in TCP-β-CD complex were studied by molecular docking method.•TCP-β-CD complex showed better antibacterial efficacy and cytotoxic effect than pure TCP.

It is generally believed that mature erythrocytes cannot synthesize proteins. However, this is not consistent with their long life (115 days) in circulation. Here, multiple lines of evidence are provided for low-level translation in human mature erythrocytes.

Translation control plays a key role in variety of cellular processes. Translation initiation factors augment translation, whereas translation repressor proteins inhibit translation. Different repressors act by distinct mechanisms to accomplish the repression process. Although messenger RNAs (mRNAs) can be repressed at various steps of translation, most repressors have been reported to target the initiation step. We focus on one such translation repressor, an Arginine–Glycine–Glycine (RGG)‐motif containing protein Scd6. Using this protein as a model, we present a discourse on the known and possible functions of this repressor, its mechanism of action and its recently reported regulation. We suggest a case for conservation of the mechanism employed by Scd6 along with its regulation in orthologs, and propose that Scd6 family of proteins will be an ideal tool to understand translation control and mRNA fate decision mechanisms across biological systems. This article is categorized under: Translation > Translation RegulationRNA Turnover and Surveillance > Turnover/Surveillance MechanismsRNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA–Protein Complexes Scd6 is an evolutionarily conserved protein with three domains Lsm, FDF, and, RGG. Scd6 family proteins have been implicated in three main functions, translation repression of mRNAs, decapping, and ER organization/intracellular protein trafficking. Here, we list existing facets about this protein family and processes. It is involved in highlighting its significance in the cellular milieu.