Search

Some crown ethers were found to show significant antifungal activity against some wood-decay fungi, phytopathogenic fungi and eumycetes,Trichophytons for dermatomycosis. Their toxicity was evaluated by the paper disc method as well as by determining the values of ED50, i.e., the concentration which inhibits the mycelium growth by 50%. The fungi examined areTyromyces palustris, Picnoporous coccineus, Coriolous versicolor, Pyricularia filamentosa, Fusarium sp., Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton sp., etc. Among the 26 crown ethers tested, 3,5-di-t-butyl-benzo-15-crown-5 showed relatively high activity, the highest ED50 value of which being 8 µM or 3 ppm. Other alkylbenzocrown ethers, dicyclohexyl crown ethers and Kryptofix 22DD also showed considerable activity. On the other hand, unsubstituted crown ethers, benzocrown ethers with a polar substituent, Kryptofix 222B and Kryptofix 221 were inactive.

Abstract: Breast cancer in male is uncommon and 60% of the cases are presented in advanced stadiums of the disease. Malignant pleural effusion is a frequent form of presentation of breast cancer in women, being uncommon in males. We describe the case of a malignant pleural effusion and metastatic endobronchial of a ductal carcinoma of breast in male. A fifty five years old male, non-smoker, without other pathological recards, consulted our hospital because of a medical profile of 1 month of evolution of dyspnea of effort and dry cough. In the physical examination he only emphasized a hypophonesis in left side of chest and an exofitc injury in the right nipple. The blood analysis detected a mild normocitic anaemia and an ESR of 76 mm/h. The radiology of the chest showed a massive left pleural effusion, that was confirmed subsequently in a thoracic computed tomography scan. A bronchoscopy was practiced finding a tumor in the left principal bronchus which obstructed the light of the lumen. At the same time a mammography was accomplished, showing a nodule in the right breast suggestive of carcinoma whose aspirative puncture was positive for infiltrating ductal carcinoma moderately differentiated. Also, the result of the endobrochial biopsy was compatible with metastatic ductal carcinoma of the breast. No other metastasis were detected. The patient began chemoterapy during 6 cycles, appreciated a symptomatic improvement and a partial response in the thoracic computed tomography scan. After 6 months of follow-up the patient stays stable and without symptoms. The basic study of a cancer of metastatic presentation, a clinic history, physical examination, general analysis with tumors markers and a chest X-ray must be included. If this study and anatomopatologic examination of the metastasis doesn’t guide us toward the primary tumor, most series recommend an additional study with an abdominal-pelvic computed tomography scan and a mammography in women. In males, prevalence of breast cancer is very low (less than 1%). In this case, we recommend a breast examination as an screening initial before any sophisticated explorations can be made.