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The Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) gained attention as a versatile mild oxidizing agent, finding extensive uses in several activities such as bleaching, wastewater treatment, medical applications, and chemical transformations. Besides this, it is also prominently considered as a potential candidate for new liquid fuel therefore, its production is garnering attention of scientific fraternity. However, the conventional method of producing H2O2through anthraquinone oxidation is often viewed as inefficient and less environmentally friendly, as it is high energy process and generates a lot of harmful organic waste products. This review article highlights recent advancements in metal-free photocatalytic systems for sustainable production of H2O2. Over the last decade, significant advancement has been made in developing ecological benign protocols for the synthesis of H2O2to meet UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This comprehensive review showcases key findings and refinements in metal-free light-mediated H2O2production, offering promising strategies to acquire SDGs viamore eco-friendly and cost-effective approach, utilizing only H2O and gaseous O2as primary inputs and harnessing solar energy as its sustainable energy source. Nevertheless, practical applications of photocatalytic H2O2production continue to face challenges such as high electron-hole (e--h+) pair recombination rates, limited utilization of visible light, and suboptimal product selectivity. While progress has been achieved in improving the photocatalytic activity for generating H2O2, it remains primarily within the realm of laboratory research due to its currently unsatisfactory productivity levels. Given the significance of H2O2, we have also considered the prevailing hurdles and potential breakthroughs in photocatalytic production. The review is wrapped up with a concise summary and visionary viewpoint on the potential forthcoming developments in this burgeoning research domain.

The aim of this scale was to understand the emotional effects of trolling on internet users, as well as coping strategies. Pilot testing was conducted with 26 students and one expert who is a professor of public health and psychiatry. The results of the pilot were used to develop the 22-item scale. Data were collected from 347 participants via social media platforms and analysed using SPSS. The Toronto empathy scale was used as a validity index. Three sub-scales were developed: emotional experience of trolled targets, emotional experience of bystanders, and action of bystanders. Reliability among the five items of the emotional experience of trolled targets sub-scale was 0.779, among the three items of the emotional experience of bystanders sub-scale was 0.678, and among the two item of the action of bystanders sub-scale was 0.594. The Toronto empathy scale was significantly correlated with each of the three sub-scales.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are one of the most important and dynamic members of the porous organic materials and are constructed using reticular chemistry with the building blocks being connected viacovalent bonds. Due to their fascinating properties such as large surface area; structural versatility; effortless surface modification; and high chemical stability, COFs are being widely deployed in catalytic; sensing; adsorption; gas storage; and many other valuable applications. This review summarizes selected and most recent espoused synthetic methodologies for their assembly including the formation of magnetic COFs. Potential insights in the field of catalysis; electrocatalysis; and photocatalysis, where COFs can serve as excellent platforms for supporting catalytic species, are also illustrated.

Background: Suaahara, a large-scale integrated program, aimed to improve diets and nutritional status among women and children, in part by facilitating enhanced homestead food production (EHFP).Objective: This study examines associations between EHFP and maternal and child dietary diversity and variations by season and agroecological zone (AEZ): mountains and terai.Methods: We used data from household monitoring surveys (n = 2101 mothers; n = 994 children, 6-23 months), which included a 7-day dietary recall and maternal report on participation in 5 EHFP activities—received vegetable seeds, chicks, and technical support and participated in training and EHFP groups. We constructed binary variables for each activity and a scale (0-5) summing participation. For dietary diversity, we used the Women’s Dietary Diversity Score using 10 food groups and 7 food groups for child diets. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to assess associations between EHFP participation and dietary diversity by season and AEZ, controlling for potential confounders and clustering.Results: In adjusted models, we found positive associations between dietary diversity and chicks, technical support, and EHFP beneficiary groups; the magnitude of the associations varied by season and AEZ. The degree of participation in 5 EHFP activities was positively associated with maternal dietary diversity in the terai (β = .24, P< .001) and mountains (β = .12, P= .01) and child dietary diversity in the terai (β = .35, P< .001) during the winter. No associations were found in the rainy season.Conclusion: Our findings highlight the potential for EHFP to address dietary diversity constraints among this population. Variation by subnational setting and seasonality suggest that policies and programs should be contextualized.

This paper explores the drivers of Nepal's maternal and child nutrition success using document review, interviews with mothers, and quantitative analysis of DHS datasets. Our qualitative and quantitative analyses both highlight similar policy and community level changes but limited improvements in child feeding and care practices. Improvements in four key drivers of nutritional change emerged: health services, sanitation, education, and wealth. However, the relative contributions of each factor varied by indicator, with health services more important for linear growth among children, and sanitation more important for weight gain among both children and mothers. We conclude with a discussion bringing the qualitative and quantitative findings together into key lessons from Nepal's success.

Electronic and magnetic properties of PrNi and PrNi–H have been investigated by using first principles approach. Calculations are performed using full potential linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbitals method including spin-polarization within the frame work of density functional theory. The electronic exchange–correlation energy is described by generalized gradient approximation. The ground state of both the compounds is base-centered orthorhombic CrB structure. The hydrogen stored in PrNi, i.e., PrNi–H has been studied to analyze the effective changes in magnetic moments and electronic structures in comparison with PrNi. The total cell energy of the hydrogenated PrNi compound has been found to be lower than in PrNi compound. The decrease in the cell energy shows more stability of the hydrogenated PrNi at ambient conditions. The values for total and local magnetic moments decrease on hydrogen insertion in PrNi. A comparative study of the projected density of states in both the compounds has also been presented. Both the compounds are found metallic in nature.

Present work is influenced by the requirement of investigation of rare earth intermetallics due to the nonavailability of theoretical details and least information from experimental results. An attempt has been made to analyse the structural, electronic, magnetic and thermal properties of DyNi using full potential linear augmented plane wave method based on density functional theory. DyNi differs from other members of lanthanides nickelates as in ground state it crystallizes in FeB phase rather than orthorhombic CrB structure. The equilibrium lattice constant, bulk modulus, and pressure derivative of bulk modulus are presented in four polymorphs (FeB, CrB, CsCl and NaCl) of DyNi. At equilibrium the cell volume of DyNi for FeB structure has been calculated as 1098.16 Bohr3 which is comparable well with the experimental value 1074.75 Bohr3. The electronic band structure has been presented for FeB phase. The results for thermal properties, namely, thermal expansion coefficient, Gruneisen parameter, specific heat and Debye temperature at higher pressure and temperatures have been reported. The magnetic moments at equilibrium lattice constants have also been tabulated as the rare earth ions associated with large magnetic moments increase their utility in industrial field for the fabrication of electronic devices due to their magnetocaloric effect used in magnetic refrigeration.