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Botrytis cinereais an important fungal pathogen that causes gray mold disease in plants. Previously, Bacillus velezensisTCS001 live culture presented broad-spectrum antifungal activity against various plant pathogenic fungi and oomycetes, particularly B. cinerea. Here, the bioactivity of lipopeptides produced by TCS001 against B. cinereawas investigated. The IC50values of the crude lipopeptide extract (CLE) from TCS001 to suppress mycelial growth and conidial germination were 14.20 and 49.39 mg/L, respectively. SEM and TEM imaging revealed that CLE caused morphological deformities and ultrastructural changes in the mycelium. Transcriptomic analyses combined with ΔBcpsdmutant construction demonstrated that the CLE could confer antifungal activity via suppressing Bcpsdexpression in the pathogen. In addition, the CLE activated the plant immune system by increasing the content of defense-related enzymes and the expression of marker genes in immunity signaling pathways in cucumber plants. Therefore, TCS001 CLE could be potentially developed into biopesticides for the biocontrol of gray mold disease.

The imbalance between osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis is a feature of bone metabolic disease. Cadmium (Cd) exposure causes human bone loss and osteoporosis (OP) through bioaccumulation of the food chain. However, the impact of Cd on bone tissues and the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well-characterized. In the current study, we found that the Cd concentration in bone tissues of OP patients was higher than normal subjects; meanwhile, the nuclear silent information regulator of transcription 1 (SIRT1) protein expression level was significantly decreased, which is a new star molecule to treat OP. It is further revealed that SIRT1 activation markedly reprograms bone metabolic and stress-response pathways that incline with osteoblast (OB) apoptosis. Suppressing reactive oxygen species (ROS) release with N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) abolished Cd-induced reduction of SIRT1 protein, deacetylation of P53, OB apoptosis, and attenuated OP. Conversely, overexpression of SIRT1 suppressed Cd-induced ROS release. SIRT1 overexpression in vivoand in vitrodampened PGC-1α protein, acetylation of P53 at lysine 382, and caspase-dependent apoptosis. These results reveal that ROS/SIRT1 controls P53 acetylation and coordinates OB apoptosis involved in the onset of OP.

•Lut diminishes Cd-caused renal oxidative stress.•Lut alleviates Cd-induced renal inflammatory.•Lut improves Cd-induced renal glycolipid metabolism disorder.•Lut attenuated kidney damage by activating AMPK/SIRT1/FOXO1 pathway.

To determine if severity of osteoarthritis‐related knee pain is associated with a willingness to undergo total knee replacement (TKR) and whether this association is confounded or modified by components of socioeconomic status and health care coverage. Cross‐sectional analysis was conducted among 3,530 Osteoarthritis Initiative study participants. Logistic regression models were used to assess the effect of knee pain severity (where 0 = none, 1–3 = mild, 4–7 = moderate, and 8–10 = severe) on willingness to undergo TKR. Stratified analyses were conducted to evaluate whether socioeconomic status and health care coverage modify the effect of knee pain severity on willingness. Participants with severe knee pain, compared to participants without pain, were less willing to undergo TKR (odds ratio [OR] 0.73, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.57–0.93). This association was attenuated when adjusted for age, sex, comorbidity, depression, health insurance coverage, prescription medicine coverage, health care source, education, income, employment, race, and marital status (adjusted OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.68–1.24). The odds of willingness to undergo TKR were significantly lower in those with the highest level of pain, compared to those without pain, among participants without health insurance (adjusted OR 0.08, 95% CI 0.01–0.56), but not among those with health insurance (adjusted OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.73–1.38), when adjusted for demographic, clinical, health care access, and socioeconomic factors (P= 0.015). However, <5% of participants were without health insurance. Among participants without health insurance, severe knee pain was paradoxically associated with less willingness to undergo TKR. Policies that improve access to quality health care may affect patient preferences and increase utilization of TKR surgery among vulnerable populations.

The adsorption studies of 4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxy nitrobenzene (CDNB) from aqueous solution on pyrolytic char activated by ammonium dihydrogen phosphate from pine sawdust have been performed. Several experimental parameters like initial pH, NaCl concentration, contact time solution temperature were evaluated. Solution pH within 2-7 is favor of adsorption and it is advantage of adsorption at higher temperature. Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models were used to fit the experimental data and Temkin model was better. The adsorption capacity was up to 33.8 mg·g1 at 323 K. The process is spontaneous and endothermic and physical action is major mechanism.

Electron trapping materials SrS:Eu2+,Sm3+ were prepared by hydrothermal method at 200 ℃ for 5 h. The phase structure, microstructure and optical properties were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDAX, PL, PSL, and TL, respectively. The sample was stimulated by a 980 nm infrared laser after exposing to the sun light, It can be seen that the PSL emission spectra was a band spectrum with one peak at 605 nm, and this emission was ascribed to characteristic 5d → 4f transition of Eu2+, and the photo stimulated luminescence phenomenon was observed.