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Eurya chinensis has been recorded as a folk medicine traditionally used for treatment of a variety of symptoms. However, the phytochemical and pharmacological investigations of this plant are still scarce. A novel phenolic glycoside named Euryachincoside (ECS) was isolated by chromatographic separation from E. chinensis, and its chemical structure was identified by analysis of HRMS and NMR data. Its anti-hepatic fibrosis effects were evaluated in both HSC-T6 (rat hepatic stellate cells) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced mice with Silybin (SLB) as the positive control. In an in vitro study, ECS showed little cytotoxicity and inhibited transforming growth factor-beta (TGF- β)-induced Collagen I (Col1) along with alpha-smooth muscle actin (α -SMA) expressions in HSC-T6. An in vivo study suggested ECS significantly ameliorated hepatic injury, secretions of inflammatory cytokines, and collagen depositions. Moreover, ECS markedly mediated Smad2/3, nuclear factor kappa B (NF- κ B) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathways both in vitro and vivo. These present findings confirmed that ECS is a novel phenolic glycoside from E. chinensis with promising curative effects on hepatic fibrosis, and its mechanisms may include decreasing extracellular matrix accumulation, reducing inflammation and attenuating free radicals via Smad2/3, NF- κ B and Nrf2 signaling pathways, which may shed light on the exploration of more effective phenolic glycoside-based anti-fibrotic agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cajaninstilbene acid (CSA), longistylin A (LLA), and longistylin C (LLC) are three characteristic stilbenes isolated from pigeon pea. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of these stilbenes against Staphylococcus aureusand even methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) and test the possibility of inhibiting biofilm formation. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of these stilbenes were evaluated. And the results showed that LLA was most effective against tested strains with MIC and MBC values of 1.56 μg/mL followed by LLC with MIC and MBC values of 3.12 μg/mL and 6.25 μg/mL as well as CSA with MIC and MBC values of 6.25 μg/mL and 6.25–12.5 μg/mL. Through growth curve and cytotoxicity analysis, the concentrations of these stilbenes were determined to be set at their respective 1/4 MIC in the follow-up research. In an anti-biofilm formation assay, these stilbenes were found to be effectively inhibited bacterial proliferation, biofilm formation, and key gene expressions related to the adhesion and virulence of MRSA. It is the first time that the anti-S. aureusand MRSA activities of the three stilbenes have been systematically reported. Conclusively, these findings provide insight into the anti-MRSA mechanism of stilbenes from pigeon pea, indicating these compounds may be used as antimicrobial agents or additives for food with health functions, and contribute to the development as well as application of pigeon pea in food science.

In order to solve the problem which is very common when we use a solar water heater for a shower but the hot water can not come immediately because of the cooled water remained in the pipeline, a no-pump cycling water-saving equipment is designed based on a pressure-regulated suction device, temperature acquisition control circuit and a water-saving box. The kinematics and mechanics parameters are confirmed on the result of calculation and software simulation, and are tested by doing physical experiment. It can make it come true to economize the water and energy for solar power heater.

In this paper we discuss the fundamental principle of defect analysis, introduce the basic framework of Orthogonal Defect Classification（ODC）, and summarize the principle and features of defect analysis based on ODC. Using software defect metric, defect baseline and inference rules to do software process analysis, we propose a novel defect analysis model based on ODC. Combined with practical projects, the principle of this model is discussed in details, and this model can improve the objectivity and effectiveness of defect analysis, which is favorable for the automated defect analysis.

High-speed impact threats and terrorist actions on the battlefield require the development of more effective protective materials and structures, and various protective structure is designed according their energy-absorbing characteristics. In this research, the deformation behavior, microscopic failure modes and energy absorption characteristics of re-entrant hexagonal structure, regular hexagonal structure and regular quadrilateral structure are studied under different strain rates impact. The re-entrant hexagonal structure forms a “X”-shaped deformation zone, the regular quadrilateral and regular hexagonal structure form an “I”-shaped deformation zone. The microscopic appearance of the section is a mixed fracture form. The effects of the topological shape, cell angle, and cell height on the impact behavior of the structure were evaluated. When the cell height is fixed and the cell angle is changed, the energy absorption of the structure increase and then decrease as the relative density increase. The mechanical properties of the structure are optimal when the relative density is about 18.6% and the cell angle is 22.5°. When the cell angle is fixed and the cell height is changed, as the relative density increases, the energy absorption of the structure gradually increases. The regular quadrilateral structure and the re-entrant hexagonal structure experienced clear strain rate effects under dynamic impact conditions; the regular hexagonal structure did not exhibit obvious strain rate effects. The results presented herein provide a basis for further rational design and selection of shock-resistant protective structures that perform well in high-speed impact environments.

With the development of ordnance technology, the survival and safety of individual combatants in high-tech warfare are under serious threat, and the Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), as an important guarantee to reduce casualties and maintain military combat effectiveness, is widely developed. This paper systematically reviewed various PPE based on individual combat through literature research and comprehensive discussion, and introduced in detail the latest application progress of PPE in terms of material and technology from three aspects: individual integrated protection system, traditional protection equipment, and intelligent protection equipment, respectively, and discussed in depth the functional improvement and optimization status brought by advanced technology for PPE, focusing on the achievements of individual equipment technology application. Finally, the problems and technical bottlenecks in the development of PPE were analyzed and summarized, and the development trend of PPE were pointed out. The results of the review will provide a forward-looking reference for the current development of individual PPE, and are important guidance for the design and technological innovation of advanced equipment based on the future technological battlefield.