Search

Fungal activity in stored wheat grains can lead to quality deterioration, especially in the form of mycotoxin accumulation. This study proposes an approach for assessing wheat quality by analyzing the wheat grain mycobiome using high-throughput sequencing technology. Wheat grain samples were collected from China's major production areas during both the harvest and storage stages to investigate the temporal and spatial trends in fungal distribution. The results revealed significant differences in the fungal diversity and communities during different stages of wheat processing, with a more complex fungal co-occurrence network in stored wheat than in harvested wheat. Aspergilluswas the keystone taxon in the network of the stored wheat mycobiome. It was assigned to the “Unspecified_saprotroph” group and was found to contribute significantly to the differences in fungal community structure between harvested and stored wheat. We also constructed a Random Forest (RF) model to predict the freshness of the wheat grains. The RF model exhibited a strong ability to correctly determine the wheat grain stage based on the mycobiome present on the surface of the wheat grains, achieving a 98.28% accuracy rate, which confirmed the potential of mycobiome analysis for assessing wheat grain quality. This study provides a new perspective for assessing grain quality and sanitation security, which is significant for the supervision of food safety.

The application of the serpentine mesh layout in stretchable electronics provides a feasible method to achieve the desired stretchability by structural design instead of modifying the intrinsic mechanical properties of the applied materials. However, previous works using the serpentine layout mainly focused on the optimization of structural stretchability. In this paper, the serpentine mesh design concept is used to transform the high-performance but hard-to-stretch piezoelectric film into a stretchable form. The serpentine layout design strategies for the piezoelectric film, which aim at not only desired stretchability but also high utilization of the strain in the piezoelectric film during deformation, are discussed with experimental and computational results. A stretchable micromotion sensor with high sensitivity is realized using the piezoelectric film with a serpentine layout. Human voice recognition applications of the sensor, including speech pattern recognition with machine learning, are demonstrated with the sensor integrated with a wireless module. The stretchable micromotion sensor with a serpentine layout illustrates the broader application of serpentine layout design in the functional materials of stretchable electronics, which can further extend the range of available functional materials for novel stretchable electronic devices.

Grain mildew is a significant hazard that causes food loss and poses a serious threat to human health when severe. Therefore, effective prediction and determination of mildew grade is essential for the prevention and control of mildew and global food security. In the present study, a model for predicting and determining the mildew grade of rice was constructed using logistic regression, back propagation neural network and GS-SVM (a grid search-based support vector machine algorithm) based on laboratory culture data and actual data from a granary, respectively. The results show that the GS-SVM model has a better prediction effect, but the model cannot automatically adjust the parameters and is more subjective, and the accuracy may decrease when the data set changes. Therefore, this paper establishes a new model for a support vector machine based on a fruit fly optimization algorithm (FOA-SVM), which can achieve automatic parameter search and automatically adjust its parameters to find the best result when the data set changes, with a strong ability of self-adjustment of parameters. In addition, the FOA-SVM converges quickly and the model is stable. The results of this study provide a technical method for early identification of mildew grade during grain storage, which is beneficial for the prevention and control of rice mildew during grain storage.

The paper systematically researches a new method for non-abrasive cryogenic polishing on camshaft, which includes laboratory furniture, ice wheel making and modifying, experimental device vibration analysis, polishing experiment on camshaft surface in different conditions and measurement of the polished surface. Results show that the process of non-abrasive cryogenic polishing on camshaft can effectively reduce the surface roughness of workpieces.