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Like all departments in an organization, internal audit is an investment expected to yield a meaningful return. But unlike departments where return on investment (ROI) is easily calculated and traceable [...]

Aesop's Fable, 'The Miller, His Son, and Their Donkey,' recounts the trios perilous journey to the market where, along the way, the man and his son face various criticisms for [...]

The saying, 'a jack of all trades is a master of none, but oftentimes better than a master of one,' provokes debate between specialists and generalists. This discussion extends to [...]

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe growing body of real-life data on maintenance treatment with durvalumab suggests that immunological markers of the cancer host interplay may have significant effects on the efficacy of multimodal therapy in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC.Areas coveredWe summarize real-world clinical data regarding this new tri-modal approach and report on potential biomarker landscape.Expert opinionThe obvious question posed in this context of a very heterogeneous inoperable stage III NSCLC disease is: How can we augment an ability to predict checkpoint inhibition success or failure? Which tools and biomarkers, which clinical metadata and genetic background are relevant and feasible? No single biomarker will ever fully dominate the unresectable stage III NSCLC space, so we advocate multilevel and multivariate analysis of biomarkers. In this particular opinion piece, we explore the impact of PD-L1 expression on tumor cells, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, EGFR and STK11 mutational status, interferon-gamma signature, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes among others.

The insufficient capacity of interchange has negative impact on environment in terms of emission production in urban areas. We are limited by dense urban development that force us to look for the new construction designs in terms of the interchange renovation.

Over the next two years, the Heroes Earnings Assistance and Relief Tax Act of 2008 (HEART) requires changes in employee benefit plan operations and amendments to qualified retirement plans for the nation's servicemembers. This article summarizes what employees must do for compliance. Withholding issues for certain businesses employing foreign nationals and/or U.S. nationals through related foreign entities are also discussed.

A study is conducted to evaluate the quantification of fetomaternal hemorrhage by the manual and automated microscopic analysis of Kleihauer-Betke stained slides and by flow cytometry. Accurate quantification is provided by automated microscopic detection of fetal blood cells in clinical samples, which is comparable to the manual Kleihauer-Betke in both small and large fetomaternal hemorrhage.

A three-phase pump control panel is the interface between the incoming three-phase power and the pump. A pump control panel has four major components that provide four basic functions in [...]

Submersible pump accessories are the plumbing and electrical components of a pumped water system that are particular to a submersible pump system vs. a jet pump system. For simplicity's sake, [...]

Controlling the amount of air in a conventional pressure tank is crucial in providing an efficient and reliable pumped water system. Last month, we described the compressor-based air-charging systems that [...]

So far in this series, we have examined two of the three factors to be considered when determining the pressure requirements of a pump household working pressure and lift pressure. [...]

This article presents a model of breast cancer screening programs. The model shows the effects of the screening threshold, screen sensitivity, and false-negative assurance on the cumulative mortality rate in the screened population. It shows that factors of screen design and a penalty associated with false-negative assurance can result in excess mortality rates in screened populations-especially in those age classes in which the incidence of rapidly growing tumors is high. Factors related to the magnitude of this effect are described. Cancer 1993; 71:1998-2005.

This month's article takes us back to the basics. In this and the articles to follow, we will be talking about pumped water systems. Because this is a ground water [...]

Windmills have been used for pumping water for hundreds of years, and they remain a viable alternative to electrically driven pumps in remote areas. This article will present a brief [...]

Last month, we began a discussion on variable-frequency drives with a look at how three-phase AC induction motors work and how they are controlled by a VFD. We said the [...]

The last two articles in this series on electricity focused on single-phase pumped water systems. This article will be the first of several on three-phase systems. This month, we will [...]

During the next few months, we will focus on the electrical side of pumped water systems. We'll start by looking at the components in two-wire and three-wire single-phase systems, explaining [...]

A few years ago, I was asked to look at a booster system that pumped hot water from a non-pressurized, solar-heated storage tank into a large pressure tank at a [...]

We began this section on friction loss pressure drop last month with a look at the factors that contribute to friction loss--flow velocity, pipe size, length of pipe, viscosity of [...]

Why do pump motors fail? In 1987, the publishers of the Electric Motor Manual studied 9,000 motor failures and categorized the failures into seven types: overload, single-phasing, old age, bearing [...]

Microorganisms in marine sediments play major roles in marine biogeochemical cycles by mineralizing substantial quantities of organic matter from decaying cells. Proteins and lipids are abundant components of necromass, yet the taxonomic identities of microorganisms that actively degrade them remain poorly resolved. Here, we revealed identities, trophic interactions, and genomic features of bacteria that degraded 13C-labeled proteins and lipids in cold anoxic microcosms containing sulfidic subarctic marine sediment. Supplemented proteins and lipids were rapidly fermented to various volatile fatty acids within 5 days. DNA-stable isotope probing (SIP) suggested Psychrilyobacter atlanticuswas an important primary degrader of proteins, and Psychromonasmembers were important primary degraders of both proteins and lipids. Closely related Psychromonaspopulations, as represented by distinct 16S rRNA gene variants, differentially utilized either proteins or lipids. DNA-SIP also showed 13C-labeling of various Deltaproteobacteriawithin 10 days, indicating trophic transfer of carbon to putative sulfate-reducers. Metagenome-assembled genomes revealed the primary hydrolyzers encoded secreted peptidases or lipases, and enzymes for catabolism of protein or lipid degradation products. Psychromonasspecies are prevalent in diverse marine sediments, suggesting they are important players in organic carbon processing in situ. Together, this study provides new insights into the identities, functions, and genomes of bacteria that actively degrade abundant necromass macromolecules in the seafloor.

The Proper Dedication Day Two directors who have been there review excruciatingly correct behavior for the uninitiated First things first. The dedication ceremony for the new building is at 10 [...]

As researchers from different nationalities and disciplines collaborate in research projects with joint grants, science becomes more and more global. For conducting the research, project members from several different professional and national backgrounds work together on a daily basis using English as lingua franca (ELF). This results in a very heterogenic linguistic setting, influenced by several mother tongues and languages for specific purposes (LSPs). Systematic approaches have been neglected during the last years while LSP research moved more and more towards applied approaches working on concrete case studies. The present study follows an alternative approach. Applied linguistics and further development of systematic approaches shall here be seen as a circular flow. For instance, communication optimisation during a case study benefits from system-thinking and vice versa. How could the project language of a case study be structured and which long established classifications need to be revised based on these data? Is there a need for a new understanding of applied LSP research?

Many of the ideas for my column are inspired by questions I get from readers and friends in the industry. A few weeks ago, someone asked how to wire in [...]

There are three factors that go into the determination of the pressure required from a pump a residential water system. Lift Pressure pressure required to get the water from down [...]

Heat is a motors worst nightmare. Submersible motors are rugged devices that will last many years with proper treatment. Their primary enemy is excessive heat that can melt the motor [...]

During the last several years, much has been written about constant pressure systems. Most of the information has come from the manufacturers of pump systems with variable speed motors. These [...]

Most water well owners are lucky enough to have wells that out-produce their pumps day-in, day-out, year after year. Their pumping level may vary some, but they generally stay about [...]

You're a pump person. You install submersible pumps. Some of your jobs involve installing a new pump in a new well. Others are repair jobs, where you troubleshoot and repair [...]

Check valves permit water flow in one direction only and generally are recommended for all submersible pump installations. Their purpose is to prevent the water in the column above the [...]

Compressor-type air charging systems with a water level probe are normally used on larger conventional tanks for economic reasons. In smaller residential systems, simpler, less expensive air charging devices are [...]

Several years ago, I wrote an article about drop pipe: the pipe that connects to a submersible pump and carries the well water to the well head. In that article, [...]

I was visiting with a pump contractor a few weeks ago and was interested to learn that his business has nearly doubled this year over last year. I asked why [...]

Last month, we looked at using non-pressurized storage tanks with booster pumps to provide usable amounts of water when you have a slow-producing well. We mentioned several ways of communicating [...]

There are many situations where the water demand on a well water system exceeds the production capacity of the well. For instance, 10 gpm is typically considered the minimum flow [...]