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1. Donepezil Nanoemulsion Induces a Torpor-like State with Reduced Toxicity in Nonhibernating Xenopus laevisTadpoles

Author: Plaza Oliver, Maria, Gardner, Erica, Lin, Tiffany, Sheehan, Katherine, Sperry, Megan M., Lightbown, Shanda, Martínez, Manuel Ramsés, del Campo, Daniela, Fotowat, Haleh, Lewandowski, Michael, Takeda, Takako, C. Pauer, Alexander, Kaushal, Shruti, Gnyawali, Vaskar, Lozano, Maria V., Santander Ortega, Manuel J., Novak, Richard, Super, Michael, and Ingber, Donald E.
Abstract: Achieving a reversible decrease of metabolism and other physiological processes in the whole organism, as occurs in animals that experience torpor or hibernation, could contribute to increased survival after serious injury. Using a Bayesian network tool with transcriptomic data and chemical structure similarity assessments, we predicted that the Alzheimer’s disease drug donepezil (DNP) could be a promising candidate for a small molecule drug that might induce a torpor-like state. This was confirmed in a screening study with Xenopus laevistadpoles, a nonhibernator whole animal model. To improve the therapeutic performance of the drug and minimize its toxicity, we encapsulated DNP in a nanoemulsion formulated with low-toxicity materials. This formulation is composed of emulsified droplets <200 nm in diameter that contain 1.250 mM DNP, representing ≥95% encapsulation efficiency. The DNP nanoemulsion induced comparable torpor-like effects to those produced by the free drug in tadpoles, as indicated by reduced swimming motion, cardiac beating frequency, and oxygen consumption, but with an improved biodistribution. Use of the nanoemulsion resulted in a more controlled increase of DNP concentration in the whole organism compared to free DNP, and to a higher concentration in the brain, which reduced DNP toxicity and enabled induction of a longer torpor-like state that was fully reversible. These studies also demonstrate the potential use of Xenopustadpoles as a high-throughput in vivo screen to assess the efficacy, biodistribution, and toxicity of drug-loaded nanocarriers.
Published: 2024
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2. Distributed optical fiber sensors for real-time tracking of fouling buildup for tubular continuous polymerization reactors

Author: Klippert, Maria and Pauer, Werner
Abstract: Early online fouling detection is expected to be a real step forward in the operation of continuous tubular reactors. As an online technology, the Rayleigh backscatter based Distributed Optical Fiber Sensor (DOFS) technology was evaluated with respect to temperature measurement resolution, reproducibility and the best online calibration method. Different coatings and terminations were characterized for emulsion polymerization reactors. Commercially available sensors with acrylate primary coatings, dual acrylate coatings, and polyimide coatings were all compared with each other. It is shown that the presence of a secondary coating significantly alters sensor behaviour. Sensors with only a primary coating showed a temperature resolution of 0.1 °C. Online calibration for temperature readout was carried out and validation tested on segments of fiber integrated in a 3D-printed reactor channel (diameter 1.5 mm). Acrylate coated sensors showed a deviation of 20 % for the calibration coefficients when inside the reactor channel compared to the online calibration, leading to errors in temperature measurement. Polyimide coated sensors showed a deviation of just 0.6 % in this validation test, demonstrating good capabilities for online calibration with accurate temperature measurements. The possibility of spatial and temporal monitoring of fouling buildup through a heat exchanging wall equipped with DOFS was evaluated.
Published: 2024
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3. Is the Effect of Trust on Risk Perceptions a Matter of Knowledge, Control, and Time? An Extension and Direct-Replication Attempt of Siegrist and Cvetkovich (2000)

Author: Pauer, Shiva, Rutjens, Bastiaan T., Brick, Cameron, Lob, Aaron B., Buttlar, Benjamin, Noordewier, Marret K., Schneider, Iris K., and van Harreveld, Frenk
Abstract: The complexity of societal risks such as pandemics, artificial intelligence, and climate change may lead laypeople to rely on experts and authorities when evaluating these threats. While Siegrist and Cvetkovich showed that competence-based trust in authorities correlates with perceived societal risks and benefits only when people feel unknowledgeable, recent research has yielded mixed support for this foundational work. To address this discrepancy, we conducted a direct-replication study (preregistered; 1,070 participants, 33 risks, 35,310 observations). The results contradict the original findings. However, additional non-preregistered analyses indicate an alternative perspective aligning with compensatory control theory and the description-experience framework: experiences with insufficient personal control over a threat may amplify individuals’ dependency on powerful others for risk mitigation. These findings highlight the need to reevaluate how trust shapes risk perceptions. Recent societal and technological shifts might have heightened the desire for control compared to subjective knowledge in why people resort to trust.
Published: 2024
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4. From Intel & Qualcommto the new Art. 102 TFEU-Guidelines – Streamlining the Form- & Effects Based Approach

Author: Pauer, Nada Ina
Abstract: Rapid digital innovation has promoted a broad range of welfare aspects and created a myriad of new business models. While these benefits are uncontentious, the special characteristics of digital markets, such as strong network effects, have led to a substantial concentration of power among a few corporate actors. The increasing complexity of these market dynamics has rendered antitrust enforcement more challenging, particularly with regard to assessing the abuse of market dominance (Art. 102 TFEU). Particularly the European Commission has been confronted with criticism relating to its previously propagated “more economic approach”, which has led to a lack of timely and effective antitrust enforcement. While there is a consensus that a new approach to ascertaining the abuse of dominance is pertinent – which the Commission endorses – the underlying assessment parameters are still contentious. This article argues for a standard of dominance to notably reflect the digital transformation and include a comprehensive framework. While the predominant intervention aim must be based on sufficient innovation, a notion of economic fairness and sustainability considerations gain momentum in antitrust enforcement.
Published: 2024
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5. From Intel & Qualcomm to the new Art. 102 TFEU-Guidelines – Streamlining the Form- & Effects Based Approach.

Author: Pauer, Nada Ina
Published: 2024
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6. Efficacy and safety of aldosterone synthase inhibition with and without empagliflozin for chronic kidney disease: a randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial

Author: Tuttle, Katherine R, Hauske, Sibylle J, Canziani, Maria Eugenia, Caramori, Maria Luiza, Cherney, David, Cronin, Lisa, Heerspink, Hiddo J L, Hugo, Christian, Nangaku, Masaomi, Rotter, Ricardo Correa, Silva, Arnold, Shah, Shimoli V, Sun, Zhichao, Urbach, Dorothea, de Zeeuw, Dick, Rossing, Peter, Tuttle, Katherine R, Hauske, Sibylle J, Canziani, Maria Eugenia, Caramori, Maria Luiza, Cherney, David, Cronin, Lisa, Heerspink, Hiddo J L, Hugo, Christian, Nangaku, Masaomi, Rotter, Ricardo Correa, Silva, Arnold, Shah, Shimoli V, Sun, Zhichao, Urbach, Dorothea, de Zeeuw, Dick, Rossing, Peter, SZETO, Cheuk Chun, Echeverri, Diego, Martin, Edouard, Yee, Ming Li, Wah, William, Wang, Ray, Chacko, Bobby, Swaminathan, Shriram, MacIsaac, Richard, Hashimura, Hikaru, Ward, Glenn, De Vusser, Katrien, Claes, Kathleen, Kuypers, Dirk, Meijers, Björn, Van Craenenbroeck, Amaryllis, Hilbrands, Robert, Debroye, Corinne, Wissing, Karl Martin, Jadoul, Michel, Demoulin, Nathalie, Treille De Grandsaigne, Serge, Beklevic, Ishak, Marcoux, Diane, Liénart, Fabienne, Daper, Claude, De Brouckere, Véronique, Heureux, Mercédès, Felicio, Joao, Felicio, Karem Mileo, Leite, Daniella, Melo, Franciane, Queiroz, Natercia, Souza, Ana Carolina, Vieira, Jocyelle, Franco, Roberto, Mendes, Adriana, Picolli, Giovana, Canani, Luis Henrique, Sartori, Carla, Valenti, Adriana, Eliaschewitz, Freddy, Bona, Renata, Franco, Denise, Ludovico Costa de Castro, Denise, Magalhaes, Vanessa, Oliveira, Marcelo, Sampaio, Célia Regina, Visconti, Guilherme, Halpern, Bruno, Nihei, Camila, Pessoa, Bruna, Seraphim, Carlos, Santos, Daniel, Brito, Claudia, Douverny, Joao, Colella, Marina, Gazeta, Cristina, Vercia, Monique, Watanabe, Renato, Temelkova, Theodora, Kjurkchiev, Dimo, Statkova, Silviya, Popov, Iliya, Radeva, Radosveta, Arabadzhiev, Lachezar, Binova, Mariya, Bosilkov, Aleksandar, Koleva-Stoicheva, Neli, Ivanov, Ivaylo, Ivanova, Zornitsa, Kotseva, Viktoria, Spasov, Petar, Tsvetkov, Ivaylo, Jolly, Shivinder, Bailey, Gordon, Ye, Zhiming, Niu, Jianying, Li, Hongmei, Wu, Qing, Liao, Bing, Hao, Chuanming, Lai, Lingyun, Xu, Yunyu, Zhang, Min, Li, Yiwen, Liu, Bo, Shao, Lina, Chen, Wei, Wu, Haishan, Pirchala, Marian, Skarpova, Iva, Hraskova, Marketa, Soukupova, Simoneta, Veberova, Lucie, Drasnar, Tomas, Falc, Matej, Racz, Blazej, Votocek, Stepan, Weissova, Danica, Syc-Krivanova, Lenka, Slezak, Dagmar, Kantola, Ilkka, Nieminen, Sakari, Anttonen, Milla, Taurio, Jyrki, Lahtela, Jorma, Tsimihodimos, Vasileios, Balafa, Olga, Dounousi, Evangelia, Sakkou, Sissy, Tentolouris, Nikolaos, Siafarikas, Christos, Siami, Evangelia, Doupis, Ioannis, Angelopoulos, Theodoros, Georgoulias, Christodoulos, Pall, Denes, Esze, Regina, Kobling, Tamas, Varadi, Zita, Zsiros, Noemi, Vass, Viktor, Balo, Timea, Csanyi, Erika, Ory, Ivan, Pall, Istvan, Patai, Valentina, Zeak, Zsuzsanna, Takacs, Istvan, Petho, Akos, Szili, Balazs, Koranyi, Laszlo, Bezzegh, Katalin, Pauer, Jozsef, Peterfai, Eva, Konyves, Laszlo, Szoke, Brigitta, Hajdu, Csaba, Kalman, Krisztina, Yadav, Raj, Saxena, Navneet, Bhattacharya, Meenakshi, Sharma, Bal, Thomas, Nihal, K, Felix Jebasingh, Kapoor, Nitin, Kurian, Mathews E., Paul, Jinson, Ramesh, Priyadharshini, Varghese, Sheeba, Shibusawa, Nobuyuki, Nishi, Hiroshi, Noritake, Nobuyasu, Oda, Takashi, Okamoto, Hideki, Kasuga, Hirotake, Hori, Hiroshi, Ito, Yukiko, Mizukoshi, Toshihiro, Ishii, Hideto, Han, Seung Hyeok, Kim, Hyung Woo, Oh, Kook-Hwan, Han, Seung Seok, Han, Sang Youb, Cha, Dae Ryong, Cha, Jin Joo, Kwon, Soon-Kil, Cho, Hyunjeong, Kim, Hye-Young, Kim, Sun Moon, Lee, Jung Pyo, Lee, Jeonghwan, Lee, Li Yuan, Chang, Meng Lee, Laang, Shian Tuck, Tan, Zhao Zhi, Ahmad Rosdi, Hajar, Mohammad Ismail, Siti Hafizah, Simatherai, Devamalar, Tay, Ju Fan, Eddie, Wong, Fook Sem, Yakob, Suryati, Abdul Sukur, Noorhafini, Anuar, Amalina, Md. Rasid, Syaliza, Mushaddik, Irma Liyana, Mustafar, Ruslinda, Abu Shamsi, Muhammad Yusuf, Fong, Voon Ken, Kamaruzaman, Lydia, Mohd, Rozita, Wan Daud, Wan Rohaslizan, Wan Hassan, Wan Hasnul Halimi, Ab Hamid, Suhaidarwani, Abdullah, Muhammad Nabil, Yusoff, Mohd Yusran, Ramanathan, G R Letchuman, Lee, Kim Yen, Wan Ismail, Wan Fadhilah, Morales Villegas, Enrique, Ramirez Baez, Rubria, Vital Lopez, Jorge, Arias Delgadillo, Cristhian, Herrera Marmolejo, Marisol, Parra Perez, Rosa, Alpizar Salazar, Melchor, Flores Montealegre, Ana, Galvan Magaña, Jose, Gutierrez Tlapale, Minerva, Reyes Munguia, Daniela, Witczak, Bartlomiej, Gøransson, Lasse, Strand Thorsen, Inga, Caringal, Clodoaido, Villardo, Mario, Toledo, Ronaldo, Dijamco, Emerlinda Fausto, De Asis, Norman Cornelio, Kuizon, Angelica, Catindig, Elizabeth Ann, Perez, Ronald, Aquitania, Grace, Pableo, Jimrie David, Sanchez, Jay Karlou, Czernecka, Ewa, Cegiel, Aleksandra, Knychas, Dorota, Ochnio, Malgorzata, Kuligowska-Jakubowska, Monika, Cesarz, Marek, Kowalewska-Celejewska, Milena, Masajtis-Zagajewska, Anna, Jankowski, Lukasz, Ojrzanowski, Marcin, Olszewska-Jander, Magdalena, Skokowska, Ewa, Giermakowska-Samek, Malgorzata, Luchowska, Elzbieta, Patkowska, Renata, Sekulska, Marzenna, Marczuk-Krynicka, Dorota, Marciniak, Andrzej, Barwijuk, Michal, Myslicki, Marcin, Siek, Michal, Wronska, Danuta, Tomsia-Goncerz, Jadwiga, Wronski, Krzysztof, Junik, Roman, Dzialak, Szymon, Kurlapska, Ewelina, Malecha, Wieslaw, Suwala, Szymon, Branco, Patrícia, Birne, Rita, Raposo, João, Ferreira, Marta, Alexandrino, Henrique, Alves, Helena, Correia, Sara, Oliveira, Maria João, Ramalho, Diogo, Tavares, Patricia, Coetzee, Kathleen, Blignaut, Sue, Viljoen, Winifred, Potgieter, Elsje, Malherbe, Elmien, Ortiz Arduán, Alberto, Goma Garcés, Elena, Pérez, María, Santamaría, Rafael, López López, Isabel, Pendón de Mier, Victoria, Rodelo Haad, Cristian, Marques, María, Domènech, Esther, Portoles, Josep Maria, Soler, María José, Agraz, Irene, Azancot, María Antonieta, Bermejo, Sheila, Bolufer, Mónica, López, Marina, Ramos, Natalia, Toapanta, Néstor, Cigarrán Guldris, Secundino, Primo, Juan Carlos, Pérez, Luis Enrique, Rebollido Fernández, María, Holmer, Helene, Bruchfeld, Annette, Rofors, Justus, Tengmark, Bengt-Olov, Wuerzner, Gregoire, Leanizbarrutia, Garazi, Ozturk, Savas, Guler, Nurana, Safak, Seda, Lee, Keung, Campbell, Stephen, Siddiqui, Imran, Abbasi, Nadia, Tahir, Faiza, Azizad, Masoud, Jackson, Timothy, Everhart, Brian, Oliver, Michael, Rust, William, Sniezek, Matthew, Arif, Ahmed, Syed, Mohammed, Bhasin, Nitin, Bien, Michael, Gallego, Claudio, Jamal, Aamir, Moghadam, Mojtaba, Rizvi, Abid, Rizvi, Amna, Rizvi, Syed, Wong, Christopher, Lucas, Kathryn, Buery, Andrea, Chang, Ku-Lang, Presswood, Claire, Smith, Justin, Doshi, Ankur, Parikh, Manish, Wallace, Jeannine, Krishna, Arvind, Daugherty, Heidi, Fearday, Aaron, Keller, Christopher, Meng, Jerry, Nielsen, Alexandra, Rovner, Sergio, Almeida, Javier, Marranzini, Benito, Selby, Lisa, Yablon, Zachary, Jean-Louis, Daphne, Kotzker, Wayne, Perez, Chabely, Richards, Marc, Rosario, Reinaldo, Marcus, Roy, Okechukwu, Chike, Ross, Dennis, Gromala, Rachel, Reed, Matthew, Weber, Lisa, Nazeer, Imran, Kumar, Prashant, Mir, Muhammad, Shea, Heidi, Hart, Amanda, Wiebel, Jaime, Kooienga, Laura, Newsome, Britt, Suyumova, Irina, Alvarez, German, Bireddy, Venkata, Lansang, Maria, Mandry, Jose, Freire, Maria, Herrera Albornoz, Oscarina, Desai, Anant, Gandhi, Dayan, Rajan, Sibu, Raymond, Louis, Posada, Jorge, Garcia-Mayol, Luis, Gutierrez-Alsina, Rodolfo, Fernandez, Juan, Bruce, Kendaling, Cuellar, Juan, Ranz y Alvarez, Maria, Bartolacci, Ines, Pautasso, Mauro, Stoppa, Daniela, Riella, Miguel, Barbosa, Maria, Harcsa, Eleonora, Gulati, Yuvraj, Savalia, Denish, Khetan, Prakash, Sinha, Dhananjay, R, Niranjan, K, Srinivas, Pazos, Fabiola, Gacutan-Liwag, Aretha, Duszynska, Malgorzata, Antkowiak-Piatyszek, Karolina, Konieczny, Grzegorz, Sidorowicz-Bialynicka, Anna, Ciesiolkiewicz-Wojcik, Agnieszka, Dwojak, Marek, Szymkowiak, Katarzyna, Gorczyca-Siudak, Daria, Janik-Palazzolo, Marzena, Siudak, Lukasz, Opiela, Jaroslaw, Iwanow, Dariusz, Solkiewicz, Monika, Sipinska-Surzynska, Malgorzata, Olszanecka - Glinianowicz, Magdalena, Rozmilowska, Izabela, Trokis, Julian, Prozesky, Hans, Burgess, Lesley, Cyster, Henry, Jordaan, Jurie, Mohamed, Hawa, Naude, Christina, Sitsila, Thembie, Mehta, Arvind, Mocherla, Bharat, Lee, Sungchun, Boren, Kenneth, Rudolph, Lance, Benjamin, Sabrina, Sugimoto, Danny, Hammoud, Jamal, Bakleh, Muhammad, Hashish, Yaseen, Da Costa, Jonathan, Gold, Marina, Majul, Claudio, Buscema, Juan, Gatto, Maria, Lombardi, Facundo, Paez, Olga, Puleio, Pablo, Alvarisqueta, Andrés, Pajon, Vanessa, Suarez, Gabriel, Hernandez Gauna, Adrian, Pereyra, Alejandro, Reig, Moira, Gelersztein, Elizabeth, Campestri, Gina, Gonzalez Santos, Maria, Sambresqui, Julieta, Catalano, Gustavo, Igarzabal, Cecilia, Vallejos, Augusto, Escobari, Claudio, Marchetto, Rocio, Chahin, Mariano, Aguilera, Andrea, Comes, Ana, Rodriguez Segade, Silvia, Baccaro, Claudia, Larrieu Lacoste, María Verónica, Saurral, Ruben, Cristino, Alberto, Dran, Dario, Koretzky, Martin, Ponti, Juan, Porto, Alejandro, Tenaglia, Yasmin, Maldonado, Natacha, Bertollo, Natalia, Van Perdeck, Verónica, Lopau, Kai, Wanner, Christoph, Berfelo, Florieke, Contzen, Christel, Arbi, Abdulwahab, Lee-Barkey, Young Hee, Maciejewska, Aleksandra, Arelin, Katrin, Haller, Hermann, Kaufeld, Jessica, Schmidt-Ott, Kai, Heinrichs, Sven, Krüger, Thilo, Gebauer, Chris, Paliege, Alexander, Henkel, Elena, Axthelm, Christoph, Derwahl, Karl-Michael, Trevisan, Roberto, Bellante, Rosalia, Borrella, Nicolò, Corsi, Anna, Gesualdo, Loreto, Ardillo, Teodora, Ficarella, Maria, Fikry, Sameh, Mazza, Giuseppe, Poirier, Lysane, Bajaj, Harpreet, Hatziagelaki, Erifili, Katopodis, Sokratis, Katsoudas, Spiros, Yamaura, Shuichi, Shikano, Tsutomu, Tosaki, Takahiro, Miho, Otoya, Tachibana, Naoki, Yumita, Wataru, Kado, Hiroshi, Villarreal Martinez, Jesus, Soto Miranda, Ernesto, Gonzalez Rodriguez, David, Panelo, Araceli, Santos, Telma, Birne, Rita, Branco, Patrícia, Martins, Ana, Mateus, Catarina, Teixeira e Costa, Fernando, Barreto, Sara, Silva Costa, Joana, Ferrer, Francisco, Silva, Joana, Awad, Ahmed, Khaleel, Shatha, Lustig, Ryan, Maharjan, Gajendra, Moya, Jaynier, Johnsingh, Amit, Acosta, Idalia, Newman, George, Buckle, Anita, and Hendon, Kendra
Abstract: Excess aldosterone accelerates chronic kidney disease progression. This phase 2 clinical trial assessed BI 690517, an aldosterone synthase inhibitor, for efficacy, safety, and dose selection.
Published: 2024
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7. Precursor- and waste-free synthesis of spark-ablated nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic activity and stability towards airborne organic pollutant degradationElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d3en00348e

Author: Drdova, Sarka, Gao, Min, Sambalova, Olga, Pauer, Robin, Zhou, Zhouping, Dimitriadou, Sofia, Schmidt-Ott, Andreas, and Wang, Jing
Abstract: Photocatalyst synthesis typically involves multiple steps, expensive precursors, and solvents. In contrast, spark ablation offers a simple process of electrical discharges in a gap between two electrodes made from a desirable material. This enables a precursor- and waste-free generation of pure metal oxide nanoparticles or mixtures of various compositions. This study presents a two-step method for the production of photocatalytic filters with deposited airborne MnOx, TiO2, and ZnO nanoparticles using spark ablation and calcination processes. The resulting MnOxand TiO2filters demonstrated almost twice the activity with outstanding performance stability, as compared to sol–gel MnO2and commercial TiO2. The introduced method is not only simple, precursor- and waste-free, and leads to superior performance for the case studied, but it also has future potential due to its versatility. It can easily produce mixed and doped materials with further improved properties, making it an interesting avenue for future research.
Published: 2024
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8. Operando Electrochemical Liquid Cell Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy Investigation of the Growth and Evolution of the Mosaic Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Author: Dachraoui, Walid, Pauer, Robin, Battaglia, Corsin, and Erni, Rolf
Abstract: The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is a key component of a lithium-ion battery forming during the first few dischage/charge cycles at the interface between the anode and the electrolyte. The SEI passivates the anode–electrolyte interface by inhibiting further electrolyte decomposition, extending the battery’s cycle life. Insights into SEI growth and evolution in terms of structure and composition remain difficult to access. To unravel the formation of the SEI layer during the first cycles, operando electrochemical liquid cell scanning transmission electron microscopy (ec-LC-STEM) is employed to monitor in real time the nanoscale processes that occur at the anode–electrolyte interface in their native electrolyte environment. The results show that the formation of the SEI layer is not a one-step process but comprises multiple steps. The growth of the SEI is initiated at low potential during the first charge by decomposition of the electrolyte leading to the nucleation of inorganic nanoparticles. Thereafter, the growth continues during subsequent cycles by forming an island-like layer. Eventually, a dense layer is formed with a mosaic structure composed of larger inorganic patches embedded in a matrix of organic compounds. While the mosaic model for the structure of the SEI is generally accepted, our observations document in detail how the complex structure of the SEI is built up during discharge/charge cycling.
Published: 2023
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9. Symposium on Justifying Injustice. Legal Theory in Nazi Germany(CUP 2020): responses to critics

Author: Pauer-Studer, Herlinde
Published: 2023
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10. Cover crops affect soybean yield components, but not grain quality

Author: Euteneuer, Pia, Wagentristl, Helmut, Neugschwandtner, Reinhard W., Pauer, Stefan, Keimerl, Matthias, Piepho, Hans‐Peter, and Steinkellner, Siegrid
Abstract: Cover cropping is mainly used to prevent soil erosion, but the effects of individual cover crops on the subsequent soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] are hardly known. Therefore, two annual field trials with 15 cover crop species and bare fallow as control were conducted in semi‐arid East Austria in 2016 and 2017. Cover crops were sown in July in 3‐ × 10‐m plots in a randomized block design with three replicates and were incorporated in mid‐April before soybean were seeded. Cover crop biomass differed between plant species and year (2016, 626 ± 390; 2017, 84 ± 86.1 g m−2). Aboveground cover crop biomass did not affect soybean establishment, but single cover crop species such as ryegrass (Lolium multiflorumLam. var. westerwoldicumWittm.), kidney vetch (Anthyllis vulnerariaL.), and corn cockle (Agrostemma githagoL.) impeded soybean seeding due to high root densities and prevented germination or fostered outbreak of two‐spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticaeKoch). These three cover crops reduced soybean grain yield by 12–84%. Grain yield was a function of grain density m−2in a three‐way interaction with year and cover crop treatment, but not by plant or pod density. Protein, oil, and sucrose content of soybean were unaffected by cover crop treatments. Overall, with the exception of ryegrass, kidney vetch, and corn cockle, cover crops can be grown ahead of soybean without any yield loss and can be used for their versatile ecosystem services. Establishment of soybean was unaffected by cover crop biomass.Soybean yield was not linked to soil nitrate content after cover crops in April.Soybean yield is unrelated to leaf area index m–2or filled pods plant–1Soybean yield is a function of grain density m–2but not plant or pod density.
Published: 2022
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11. Operando Electrochemical Liquid Cell STEM Investigation of the Growth and Evolution of the Mosaic Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Author: Walid, Dachraoui, Pauer, Robin, Battaglia, Corsin, and Erni, Rolf
Published: 2024
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12. Protective Effect of Paraoxonase 1 Gene Variant Gln192Arg in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Author: Pauer, Gayle J.T., Sturgill, Gwen M., Peachey, Neal S., and Hagstrom, Stephanie A.
Subjects: Blindness -- Physiological aspects, Ophthalmology -- Physiological aspects, Macular degeneration -- Physiological aspects, Health
Abstract: To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2009.09.024 Byline: Gayle J.T. Pauer (a), Gwen M. Sturgill (b), Neal S. Peachey (a)(b)(c), Stephanie A. Hagstrom (a)(c) Abstract: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness among older adults, in which oxidative damage may play a pivotal role. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) protects against oxidative damage and has been evaluated for its involvement in aging diseases including AMD. This study investigated whether PON1 gene polymorphisms associate with AMD. Author Affiliation: (a) Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (b) Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (c) Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (d) Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio Article History: Accepted 30 September 2009
Published: 2010

13. Progress in Buffer Choice for the Villermaux–Dushman Reaction

Author: Arian, Elias and Pauer, Werner
Abstract: TRIS [tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane] is proposed as a new buffer with the advantages of being nontoxic and having only one conjugated acid. Moreover, it is well-established in biochemical applications, has good solubility in water (550 g/L), and is reasonably priced. Comparable micromixing experiments in a TRIS buffer and a borate buffer led to similar segregation indices with respective micromixing times. Furthermore, TRIS was successfully transferred to experiments in viscous glycerin–water solution. Comparable micromixing experiments with sulfuric acid in TRIS highlight the importance of including the ionic strength dependency of the second dissociation constant of sulfuric acid to obtain similar micromixing times. Micromixing experiments become thereby independent of the acid choice. The application and limitation of the phosphate buffer were investigated in more detail where comparable experiments have shown that HPO42–is the only species to be considered in micromixing time calculations when the HPO42–/H2PO4–ratio is over 20. It is shown whether and how the effect of the ionic strength on the pKa2value of phosphoric acid should be considered when micromixing experiments are conducted in a phosphate buffer as it is close to the dismutation pH* of iodine.
Published: 2022
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14. Tissue microarray analysis of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase protein expression in melanocytic skin tumors

Author: Wild, Peter J., Meyer, Stefanie, Bataille, Frauke, Woenckhaus, Matthias, Ameres, Markus, Vogt, Thomas, Landthaler, Michael, Pauer, Armin, Klinkhammer-Schalke, Monika, Hofstaedter, Ferdinand, and Bosserhoff, Anja K.
Subjects: Phosphorylase -- Analysis, Methyltransferases -- Analysis, Tissue microarrays -- Analysis, Gene expression -- Research, Skin tumors -- Genetic aspects, Skin tumors -- Research, Health
Published: 2006

15. Chirurgische Therapie des Adenokarzinoms des ösophagogastralen Übergangs Typ II

Author: Stürzl, Roman, Gerken, Michael, Bruns, Christiane, Klinkhammer-Schalke, Monika, Pauer, Armin, and Piso, Pompiliu
Abstract: Hintergrund: Trotz steigender Inzidenz ist die optimale chirurgische Versorgung des Adenokarzinoms des ösophagogastralen Übergangs (AEG) Typ II weiterhin Gegenstand aktueller Forschung. Ziel dieser Untersuchung ist es, Überlebens- und Rezidivraten von Patienten zu vergleichen, die sich entweder einer transhiatal erweiterten Gastrektomie (TEG) oder einer thorakoabdominellen Ösophagektomie (TAE) unterzogen. Material und Methoden: Es handelt es sich um eine retrospektive populationsbasierte Kohortenstudie (n= 272) auf der Basis von Krebsregisterdaten. Berücksichtigt wurden alle Patienten, die zwischen 2002 und 2020 an einem AEG Typ II erkrankten. Während 63 Patienten mittels TAE operiert wurden, gehören der Gruppe der TEG 209 Patienten an. Um das Gesamtüberleben, Rezidivraten und rezidivfreies Überleben zu untersuchen, wurden die Kaplan-Meier-Methode sowie uni- und multivariable Cox-Regressionen angewendet. Ergebnisse: Zwischen beiden Operationsgruppen gab es bezüglich des Gesamtüberlebens keinen signifikanten Unterschied (p= 0,333). Allerdings ließ die Richtung der HR im Zeitraum von 2016 bis 2020 eine mögliche Tendenz in Richtung der TAE erkennen (p= 0,058). Im Gegensatz dazu ergab der Kaplan-Meier-Schätzer ein signifikant höheres Risiko, nach einer TAE an einem Rezidiv zu erkranken (p= 0,049). Dies konnte nicht im Zeitraum 2016 bis 2020, der mehr als die Hälfte der TAE-Patienten umfasst, beobachtet werden (p= 0,993). Hinsichtlich des rezidivfreien Überlebens wurden keine signifikanten Unterschiede detektiert (p= 0,772). Diskussion: Die Ergebnisse dieser verhältnismäßig kleinen Kohorte decken sich mit den meisten Studien, die hinsichtlich des Gesamtüberlebens entweder keine Unterschiede oder eine Tendenz in Richtung der TAE fanden. Weitere Arbeiten kamen ebenfalls zu dem Ergebnis, dass es keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Operationsgruppen bezüglich des rezidivfreien Überlebens gibt. Zusammenfassend lässt sich festhalten, dass es keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen TEG und TAE in der Therapie des AEG Typ II gibt.
Published: 2022
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16. Bibi, Tina und Noah: Eltern können heute Kinderbücher bestellen, in denen ihr Kind sich selbst als Person findet. Eine liebe Idee? Oder narzisstisch?

Author: Pauer, Nina
Published: 2022

17. Sucrose solution as a new viscous test fluid with tunable viscosities up to 2 Pas for micromixing characterization by the Villermaux–Dushman reaction

Author: Arian, Elias and Pauer, Werner
Abstract: For the first time, micromixing characterization for the Villermaux–Dushman reaction could be performed with a non-reactive viscous medium at viscosities up to 2 Pas. As viscous medium, sucrose solution was used with the benefit of being a Newtonian fluid with tuneable viscosity. Due to the higher viscosities in comparison to established media for micromixing investigations, a new protocol for the experimental implementation was developed. Micromixing experiments were conducted and the applicability of viscous sucrose solutions was proven in a stirred tank reactor. Major challenges in characterizing micromixing efficiency in high viscous solution were consolidated.
Published: 2021
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18. What Factors Were Most Important to the Success of the Cleveland Clinic Employee Wellness Program?

Author: Pauer, David and O’Donnell, Michael P.
Published: 2020
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19. Dulaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes (REWIND): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial

Author: Gerstein, Hertzel C, Colhoun, Helen M, Dagenais, Gilles R, Diaz, Rafael, Lakshmanan, Mark, Pais, Prem, Probstfield, Jeffrey, Riesmeyer, Jeffrey S, Riddle, Matthew C, Rydén, Lars, Xavier, Denis, Atisso, Charles Messan, Dyal, Leanne, Hall, Stephanie, Rao-Melacini, Purnima, Wong, Gloria, Avezum, Alvaro, Basile, Jan, Chung, Namsik, Conget, Ignacio, Cushman, William C, Franek, Edward, Hancu, Nicolae, Hanefeld, Markolf, Holt, Shaun, Jansky, Petr, Keltai, Matyas, Lanas, Fernando, Leiter, Lawrence A, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Cardona Munoz, Ernesto German, Pirags, Valdis, Pogosova, Nana, Raubenheimer, Peter J, Shaw, Jonathan E, Sheu, Wayne H-H, Temelkova-Kurktschiev, Theodora, Abella, Mercedes, Alebuena, Andrea, Almagro, Sandra, Amoroso, Eduardo, Anadon, Paula, Andreu, Elizabeth, Aristimuño, Guillermo, Arzadun, Maria, Barbieri, Maria, Barcudi, Raul, Bartolacci, Ines, Bolobanich, Gabriel, Bordonava, Anselmo, Bustamante Labarta, Miguel, Bustos, Betina, Caccavo, Alberto, Camino, Alejandra, Cantero, Maria, Carignano, Maria, Cartasegna, Luis, Cipullo, Marcela, Commendatore, Víctor, Conosciuto, Victoria, Costamagna, Osvaldo, Crespo, Claudia, Cuello, Jose, Cuneo, Carlos, Cusimano, Sandra, Dean, Sofia, Dituro, Claudio, Dominguez, Andrea, Farah, Miguel, Fernandez, Alberto, Fernandez, Florencia, Ferrari, Adriana, Flammia, Patricia, Fuentealba, Jose, Gallardo, Karina Beatriz, Garcia, Celso, Garcia Duran, Ruben, Garrido, Marcelo, Gavicola, Rodolfo, Gerbaudo, Claudio, Gilli, Graciela, Giotto, Ana Paula, Godoy Bolzán, Pedro, Gomez Vilamajo, Oscar, Guerlloy, Fernando, Guridi, Cristian, Gutierrez Garrido, Narcisa, Hasbani, Eduardo, Hermida, Sonia, Hominal, Miguel, Hrabar, Adrian, Ingaramo, Adrián, Izzicupo, Alejandra, Krynski, Mario, Lagrutta, Mariana, Lanchiotti, Paulina, Langhe, Maria, Leonard, Veronica, Llanos, Javier, Lopez Santi, Ricardo, Lowenstein, Jorge, Luquez, Cecilia, Mackinnon, Ignacio, Mana, Melina, Manzur, Sara, Marino, Javier, Martella, Carolina, Martinez, Roger, Matias, Re, Matkovich, Javier, Meritano, Monica, Montaña, Oscar, Mulazzi, María, Ochoa, Juan, Paterlini, Gustavo, Pelagagge, María, Peralta Lopez, Maria Elena, Prado, Aldo, Pruyas, Lorena, Racca, Martín, Ricotti, Carola, Rodriguez, Carolina, Romero Vidomlansky, Mariano, Ronderos, Ricardo, Sadowski, Ana Laura, Sala, Jorgelina, Sánchez, Alejandro, Santoro, Andrea, Schiavi, Lilia, Sein, Mariano, Sernia, Virginia, Serra, Leonardo, Sicer, Maximiliano, Smith, Tomas, Soso, Leonardo, Sposetti, Georgina, Steinacher, Andrea, Stival, Jorge, Tedesco, Jorge, Tonin, Hugo, Tortolo, Mauro, Ulla, Maria, Vallejos, Julio, Vico, Marisa, Virgillito, Luciana, Visco, Virginia, Vogel, Daniel, Waisman, Florencia, Zaidman, César, Zucchiatti, Noemi, Badshah, Imran, Cohen, Neale, Colman, Peter, Colquhoun, David, Davis, Timothy, Fourlanos, Spiros, Fulcher, Greg, Hamlyn, Jane, Haywood, Cilla, Hocking, Samantha, Huchinson, Maeve, Jeffries, William, Kyl, Mervyn, Lo, Clement, Mah, PeakMann, Makepeace, Ashley, Marope, Dolly, Nanayakkar, Natalie, Nankervis, Alison, Palmer, Neil, Palolus, Barbara, Pillai, Satish, Price, Sarah, Price, Sarah, Proietto, Joseph, Reutens, Anne, Rodrigo, Natassia, Sheikh, Abdul, Smith, Greg, So, Michelle, Soldatos, Georgia, Stuckey, Bronwyn, Sumithran, Priya, Teede, Helena, Vora, Parind, Williams, Lyn, Abib, Eduardo, Adão Poço, Christiani, Alves, Érica Ferreira, Andreatta Bernardi Barea, Janaina, Avezum Oliveira, Livia, Castro, Denise Ludovico da Costa de, Correa da Cruz, Ivan, Costa, Midiã, Cruz, Ivan, Cunha, Sidney, Da Silva, Marco Antonio Vieira, de Carvalho Camara Bona, Renata, de Paula, Bruna, Eliaschewitz, Freddy, Fazolli, Guilherme, Ferreira Filho, Carlos Alberto, Fortes, Jose, França, Cesar, Franco, Denise Reis, Genestreti, Paulo Roberto, Giorgeto, Flavio, Gonçalves, Rodrigo Marques, Grossman, Michele Elka, Henrique Marcelino, Ana Claudia, Hernandes, Mauro, Horta, Ana, Jaeger, Cristiano, Kaneblai, Midia, Kauffman Rutenberg, Cecilia, Kerr Saraiva, Jose Francisco, Lemos, Maria Angelica, Maia, Lilia, Manenti, Euler Roberto, Marques, Mariana, Melissa Valerio, Cynthia, Moreira, Rodrigo, Mothé, Flávia, Mouco, Osana Maria, Moura, Philip, Moura Jorge, José Carlos, Nakashima, Carlos, Nakazone, Marcelo, Napoli, Thiago, Nunes, Cristiane, Nunes Salles, Joao Eduardo, Oliveira, Karla, Oliveira, Marcela, Pantano, Gracielly de Souza, Petri, Fabio, Piazza, Leonardo, Pires, Andreia Carla, Pizzato, Patricia, Prata, Sergio, Precoma, Dalton, Rech, Rafael, Reis, Gilmar, Reis, Heleno, Resende, Elisabete, Ribas Fortes, Jose, Rodovalho, Sylka, Rossi dos Santos, Fabio, Salles, Joao Eduardo, Sampaio, Célia Regina, Santos, Thiago, Santos dos Santos, Vanessa, Silva e Quadros, Tulio, Silveira, Daniel, Siqueira, Katia Nunes, Teireira, M, Uehara, Marcelo, Valerio, C, Vianna, Henrique, Vidotti, Maria Helena, Visconti, Guilherme de Lima, Zanella, Maria Teresa, Andreeva, Viktoriya, Borisov, Radoslav, Botushanov, Nikolay, Dimitrov, Georgi, Dimova, Kameliya, Dragoychev, Tsvetan, Grigorova, Valentina, Gushterova, Valentina, Ivanov, Ivaylo, Kocelova, Tatyana, Kurktschiev, Dimo, Miletieva, Milena, Nenkova-Gugusheva, Neli, Pancheva, Ralitsa, Pavlova, Maria, Raev, Dimitar, Spasova, Vesela, Stoikov, Anastas, Troev, Dimitar, Yanev, Todor, Yoncheva-Mihaylova, Mariana, Abitbol, Alexander, Ajala, Buki, Alguwaihes, Abdullh, Ardilouze, Jean-Luc, Aris-Jilwan, Nahla, Arnaout, Amel, Aronson, Ronnie, Aslam, Nadeem, Babin, Sandra, Bailargeon, Jean-Patrice, Bailey, Allan, Bajaj, Harpreet, Beauchesne, Christian, Beca, Sorin, Belanger, Andre, Bell, Alan, Bellabarba, Diego, Berard, Lori, Berenbaum, Brian, Bergeron, Vincent, Berlingieri, Joseph, Bernier, Frédéric, Bishara, Phoebe, Blank, David, Blumer, Ian, Brault, Suzanne, Breton, Donald, Carpentier, André, Cha, James, Chandra, Prakash, Chiasson, Jean-Louis, Conway, James R, Couture, Ghyslaine, Couture, Nathalie, Dagenais, Gilles, Datta, Dyotirmoy, D'Ignazio, Giuseppe, Dumas, Richard, Fay, Didier, Frechette, Andre, Frenette, Louise, Fung, Daisy, Gagnon, Nathalie, Galter, Meri, Garon, Jean, Gauthier, Jean Sebastien, Geadah, Christian, Gilbert, Jeremy, Girard, Ronald, Goldenberg, Ronald, Grossman, Loren David, Gupta, Nikhil, Halle, Jean-Pierre, Hivert, Marie-France, Houde, Ghislaine, Houlden, Robyn, Hramiak, Irene, Jablonski, Ted, Jain, Akshay Jain, Khandwala, Hasnain, Khosla, Munish, Lachance, C, Laflamme, Emilie, Langlois, Marie-France, Larivee, Luc, Liutkus, Joanne, Lochnan, Heather, Malik, Saleem, McDonald, Charlotte, Mehta, Pravinsagar, Mihailidis, John, Milot, Alain, Narula, Priya, Nault, Patrice, Nayar, Arun, Nisker, William, Ouellet, Gilles, Palardy, Jean, Patel, Minta, Paul, Terri, Pedersen, Sue, Perron, Patrice, Pesant, Marie-Hélène, Poirier, Paul, Poulin, Marie-Claude, Punthakee, Zubin, Rehman, Waheed, Ross, Stuart, Sagar, P, Saliba, Nouhad, Sandler, Sam, Schiffrin, Alicia, Schlosser, Robert, Seth-Sharma, Anila, Sherman, Mark, Sionit, David, Sivakumar, Tharsan, Soto, Juan, St-Amour, Eric, Steen, Oren, Sussman, Jack, Telner, Adam, Tobe, Sheldon, Twum-Barima, David-Yaw, Van Zanten, Audrey, VanRossum, Nicole, Vecchiarelli, Jonathan, Ward, Rick, Wessengel, John, Weisnagel, Stanley, Wilderman, Igor, Woo, Vincent, Yakubovich, Natalia, Yale, Jean-Francois, Yared, Zeina, Acevedo, Monica, Aguirre, Maria Loreto, Aizman, Andres, Barroso, Maria Soledad, Cobos, Leonardo, Danin Vargas, Alfredo, Descalzi, Barbara, Godoy, Gonzalo, Grumberg, Elio, Lahsen, Rodolfo, Larenas, Gladys, Ortiz, Eugenia, Paredes, Javier, Potthoff, Sergio, Retamal, Eva, Rojas, Luis, Salgado, Manuel, Santibanez, Claudio, Solis, Carmen, Stokins, Benjamin, Accini, Jose, Acebedo, Javier, Agudelo Baena, Lina Maria, Alarcon, Soraya, Angel, Juliana, Arcos, Edgar, Aroca Martinez, M, Atuesta, Leonor, Balaguera, Jose, Ballestas, Doris, Barrera, Sandra Isabel, Barrios Reyes, Rosmy, Bayona, Adolfo, Bermudez, Andres, Bernal, Diego Zarate, Blanquicett, Marco, Bravo, Victor, Bueno, Wendy, Burbano Delgado, Alvaro, Cadena, Alberto, Cadena, Andres, Caicedo, Sandra, Celemin, Carlos, Consuegra, Ricardo, Contreras Pimienta, Cristhian, Corredor, Kelly Johenis, Cure, Carlos, De La Hoz Rueda, Lizeth Dayana, Delgado, Erika, Diaz, Sarahy, Diego, Marta, Donado, Anabell, Encinales Sanabria, William, Escobar, Juliana, Escorcia, Gillian, Forero, Leonardo, Fuentes, Laura, Garcia, Maria, Garcia Lozada, Henry, Garcia Ortiz, Luis, Giraldo, Angela, Gomez Gonzalez, Laura, Granada, Javier, Gutierrez, Corina, Henao, Natalia, Hernandez, Edwin, Herrera Uejbe, Olga Maria, Higuera Cobos, Juan Diego, Ibarra Gómez, Jaime, Jaimes, Edwin Hernandez, Jaramillo, Monica, Jaramillo, Nicolas, Jaramillo Gomez, Carlos, Jaramillo Sanchez, Monica, Jarava Durán, Ivonne, Lopez Ceballos, Catalina, Madrid, Claudia, María Amastha, Elias, Mercado, Jennifer, Molina, Dora Ines, Molina Soto, Jessica, Montoya, Carlos, Morales, Alexander, Muñoz, Carolina, Orozco, Luis Alejandro, Osorio, Oscar, Palmera Sanchez, Jorge Mario, Peña, Adwar, Perez, Jose, Perez Agudelo, Juan, Pérez Amador, Germán, Pertuz, Carlos, Posada, Irina, Puerta, Carlos, Quintero, Adalberto, Quiroz, Diana, Rendon, Carmen, Reyes, Alberto, Reyes, Alvaro, Ripoll, Diana, Rivera, Carlos, Rocha, Maria, Rodriguez, Jose F, Rodriguez Villanueva, Kervis Asid, Rodriguez Zabala, Javier Emilio, Rojas, Sindy, Romero, Maria, Rosero, Ricardo, Rosillo Cardenas, Angelica Rocio, Rueda, Lina, Sanchez, Gregorio, Sanchez, Tatiana, Sotomayor Herazo, Arístides, Suarez, Monica, Torres, Mariana, Trujillo, Freddy, Urina, Miguel, Van Strahlen, Lazaro, Velandia, Carlos, Velasquez Guzman, Carolina, Velazquez, Elizabeth, Vidal Prada, Tatiana, Yepez Alvaran, Juan Pablo, Zarate, Diego, Andelova, Jana, Benesova, Radka, Buzova, Barbara, Cech, Vladimir, Chodova, Ida, Choura, Miroslav, Dufka, Antonin, Gamova, Andrea, Gorgol, Jakub, Hala, Tomas, Havlova, Hana, Hlavkova, Dagmar, Horanska, Petra, Ilcisin-Valova, Juliana, Jenickova, Petra, Jerabek, Ondrej, Kantorova, Ilona, Kolomaznikova, Katerina, Kopeckova, Iva, Kopeckova, Miroslava, Linhart, Karel, Linhart, Tomas, Malecha, Jan, Malicherova, Emilia, Neubauerova, Dana, Oznerova, Martina, Partys, Radan, Pederzoliova, Eva, Petrusova, Maria, Prymkova, Vera, Racicka, Eva, Reissova, Ida, Roderova, Eva, Stanek, Libor, Striova, Alena, Svarcova, Dana, Svoboda, Petr, Szeghy Malicharova, Emilia, Urge, Jan, Vesely, Ladislav, Wasserburger, Bedich, Wasserburgerova, Hilde, Zahumensky, Emil, Zamrazil, Vaclav, Alawi, Hasan, Anastasiadis, Ernestos, Axthelm, Elisabeth, Bieler, Tasso, Buhrig, Christina, Degtyareva, Elizaveta, Dellanna, Frank, Derwahl, Karl-Michael, Diessel, Stephan, Dogiami, Barbara, Dorn-Weitzel, Kirsten, Ernst, Monika, Faulmann, Grit, Fetscher, Baerbel, Forst, Thomas, Freyer-Lahres, Gabriele, Funke, Klaus, Ganz, Xenia, Gleixner, Christiane, Hanefeld, Christoph, Heinrichs, Sven, Helleberg, Stephanie, Henkel, Elena, Hetzel, Gerd Ruediger, Hoffmann, Caren, Jacob, Frohmut, Jacob, Stephan, John, Franziska, Jonczyk, Antonius, Kamke, Wolfram, Klein, Christiane, Kleinhardt, Martina, Kleophas, Werner, Kosch, Christine, Kreutzmann, Kristin, Kühn, Achim, Lee-Barkey, Young Hee, Lier, Alexander, Maatouk, Sarah, Minnich, Joachim, Mitry, Michael, Muessig, Ilona, Nicula, Diana, Niemann, Martina, Nothroff, Joerg, Ott, Petra, Pfuetzner, Andreas, Pfützner, Andreas, Pistrosch, Frank, Pohl, Wildgard, Prochazkova, Zdenka, Retkowska, Marlena, Rosin, Heiko, Sachsenheimer, Daniela, Samer, Holger, Sanuri, Mazin, Schaefer, Axel, Schaper, Frank, Schulze, Erik-Delf, Schulze, Marita, Schumann, Martina, Segiet, Thomas, Sowa, Veronika, Stahl, Hans-Detlev, Steinfeldt, Franziska, Teige, Madlen, Trieb, Bjoern, Tschoepe, Diethelm, Uebel, Peter, Warken, Bernd, Weigmann, Ingo, Weyland, Klaus, Wilhelm, Klara, Balo, Timea, Balsay, Miklos, Bende, Ilona, Bezzegh, Katalin, Birkus, Zita, Buday, Barbara, Csomai, Melinda, Deak, Laszlo, Dezso, Eniko, Faludi, Peter, Faluvegi, M, Fazekas, Ilona, Feher, Agota, Fejer, Csaba, Finta, Ervin, Fulcz, Agnes, Gaal, Zsolt, Gurzo, Mihaly, Hati, Krisztina, Herczeg, Gabriella, Jozsef, Ildiko, Juhasz, Marta, Keltai, Katalin, Koranyi, Laszlo, Kulcsar, Eniko, Kun, Krisztina, Laczko, Andrea, Literáti-Nagy, Botond, Mezo, Izabella, Mileder, Margit, Moricz, I, Nagy, Károly, Nagybaczoni, Bela, Nemeth, Csaba, Oze, Agnes, Pauer, Jozsef, Peterfai, Eva, Polocsanyi, Bela, Poor, Ferenc, Reiber, István, Salamon, Csaba, Sebestyen, Julia, Torok, Ildiko, Tuu, Marianna, Varga, Andrea, Vass, Viktor, Ahn, Chul Min, Ahn, Chulwoo, ByungWon, Park, Chang, Hyuk-Jae, Chang, Kiyuk, Choi, Eui-Young, Choi, Han Seok, Chung, Jin-Wook, Hong, Bum- Kee, Hong, Young Joon, Hyon, Min Su, Jeong, Myung Ho, Kang, Shinae, Kim, Byeong-Keuk, Kim, Ji-Hyun, Kim, Ju Han, Kim, Kee-Sik, Kim, Kee-Sik, Kim, Moo Hyun, Kim, Pum-Joon, Kim, Soon-Kil, Kim, Yong-Seok, Kim, Young Kwon, Koh, Yoon Seok, Kwon, Hyuck Moon, Lee, Byoung Kwon, Lee, Byung-Wan, Lee, Jin Bae, Lee, Myoung-Mook, Lim, Young-Mee, Min, Pil Ki, Park, Jong Sung, Park, Jongsuk, Park, Keun Ho, Park, Sungha, Pyun, Wook Bum, Rim, Se Joong, Ryu, Dong-Ryeol, Seo, Hong-Seog, Seung, Ki Bae, Shin, Dong-Ho, Sim, Doo Sun, Yoon, Young Won, Andersone, Ilze, Babicka, Kristine, Balcere, Inga, Barons, Roberts, Capkovska, Inguna, Geldnere, Kristine, Grigane, Inese, Jegere, Baiba, Lagzdina, Ilze, Mora, Lija, Pastare, Sigita, Ritenberga, Rota, Romanova, Janina, Saknite, Inta, Sidlovska, Natalja, Sokolova, Jelena, Steina, Sandra, Strizko, Iveta, Teterovska, Dace, Vizina, Brigita, Barsiene, Lina, Belozariene, Gintare, Daugintyte-Petrusiene, Laura, Drungiliene, Nijole, Garsviene, Nijole, Grigiene, Ala, Grizas, Vytautas, Jociene, Virginija, Kalvaitiene, Dalia, Kaupiene, Jugeta, Kavaliauskiene, Jurate, Kozloviene, Dalia, Lapteva, Ilona, Maneikiene, Birute, Marcinkeviciene, Jolanta, Markauskiene, Vaidilija, Meiluniene, Salomeja, Norkus, Almantas, Norviliene, Rita, Petrenko, Vladimiras, Radzeviciene, Ruta, Sakalyte, Gintare, Urbonas, Gediminas, Urbutiene, Skaiste, Vasiliauskas, Donatas, Velickiene, Dzilda, Aguilar, Carlos, Alcocer, Marco, Avalos-Ramirez, Juan Antonio, Banda-Elizondo, Ramiro, Bricio-Ramirez, Rubria, Cardenas Mejia, Karla, Cavazos, Francisco, Chapa, Jesus, Cienfuegos, Erika, De la Peña, Astrid, de la Peña Topete, Gilberto, De los Rios Ibarra, Manuel Odin, Elias, Daniel, Flores-Moreno, Claudia, Garcia Hernandez, Pedro, Gonzalez, Luis Gerardo, Guerra Moya, Rosa Linda, Guerra-Lopez, Arturo, Hernandez Baylon, Raymundo, Herrera Colorado, Carolina, Herrera-Marmolejo, Marisol, Islas-Palacios, Neri, Lopez, Esteban, Lopez, Fernando, Lopez Alvarado, Agustin, Luna Ceballos, Rosa Isela, Morales Villegas, Enrique, Moreno-Virgen, Gualberto, Parra Perez, Rosa Linda, Pascoe Gonzalez, Sara, Peralta-Cantu, Irving, Previn, Roopa, Ramirez, Rosa, Ramirez, Rubria, Ramos Zavala, Maria Guadalupe, Rodriguez, Monica, Salgado-Sedano, Rocio, Sanchez-Aguilar, Ana Claudia, Santa Rosa Franco, Edith, Sauque-Reyna, Leobardo, Suarez Otero, Rodrigo, Torres, Ivonne, Velarde-Harnandez, Enrique, Villagordoa, Juan, Villeda-Espinoza, Efrain, Vital-Lopez, Jorge, Zavala- Bello, Cristian Jair, Baker, John, Barrington-Ward, Elaine, Brownless, Thomas, Carroll, Richard, Carson, Simon, Choe, Michelle, Corin, Andrew, Corley, Brian, Cutfield, Richard, Dalaman, Neelam, Dixon, Paul, Drury, Paul, Dyson, Keith, Florkowski, Chris, Ford, Monica, Frengley, William, Helm, Colin, Katzen, Colin, Kerr, Jane, Khanolkar, Manish, Kim, David, Koops, Renata, Krebs, Jeremy, Leikis, Robert, Low, Kwan, Luckey, Alison, Luke, Richard, Macaulay, Susan, Marks, Rodney, McNamara, Catherine, Millar-Coote, Dean, Miller, Steven, Mottershead, Naomi, Reid, James, Robertson, Narcisa, Rosen, Ian, Rowe, David, Schmiedel, Ole, Scott, Russell, Sebastian, Jeffrey, Sheahan, Davitt, Stiebel, Victoria, Ternouth, Ian, Tofield, Chris, Venter, Dirk, Williams, Michael, Williams, Miles, Wu, Fiona, Young, Simon, Arciszewska, Malgorzata, Bochenek, Anna, Borkowski, Piotr, Borowy, Przemyslaw, Chrzanowski, Tomasz, Czerwinski, Edward, Dwojak, Marek, Grodzicka, Agnieszka, Janiec, Izabela, Jaruga, Joanna, Jazwinska-Tarnawska, Ewa Krystyna, Jedynasty, Krystyna, Juzwiak-Czapiewska, Danuta, Karczewicz-Janowska, Jadwiga, Konieczny, Jan, Konieczny, Marek, Korol, Marek, Kozina, Maciej, Krzyzagorska, Ewa, Kucharczyk-Petryka, Ewa, Laz, Roman, Majchrzak, Anna, Mrozowska, Zdzislawa, Mularczyk, Michal, Nowacka, Elzbieta, Peczynska, Jadwiga, Petryka, Robert, Pietrzak, Radoslaw, Pisarczyk-Wiza, Dorota, Rozanska, Aleksandra, Ruzga, Zofia, Rzeszotarska, Emilia, Sacha, Malgorzata, Sekulska, Marzenna, Sidorowicz-Bialynicka, Anna, Stasinska, Teresa, Strzelecka-Sosik, Agnieszka, Swierszcz, Teresa, Szymkowiak, Katarzyna Miroslawa, Turowska, Olga, Wisniewska, Krystyna, Wiza, Maciej, Wozniak, Iwona, Zelazowska, Katarzyna, Ziolkowska-Gawron, Bernadetta, Zytkiewicz-Jaruga, Danuta, Albota, Adrian, Alexandru, Carmina, Avram, Rodica, Bala, Cornelia, Barbonta, Diana, Barbu, Roxana, Braicu, Daniela, Calutiu, Nicoleta, Catrinoiu, Doina, Cerghizan, Anca, Ciorba, Alina, Craciun, Anca, Doros, Rodica, Duma, Livia, Dumitrache, Ancuta, Ferariu, Ioana, Ferician Moza, Anca, Ghergan, Alexandrina, Ghise, Gheorghe, Graur, Mariana, Gribovschi, Mihaela, Mihai, Bogdan, Mihalache, Laura, Mihalcea, Madalina, Mindrescu, Nicoleta, Morosanu, Magdalena, Morosoanu, Andrea, Mota, Maria, Moza, Anca, Nafornita, Valerica, Natea, Narcisa, Nicodim, Simona, Nita, Cristina, Onaca, Adriana, Onaca, Mircea, Pop, Cristina, Pop, Lavinia, Popa, Amorin, Popescu, Alexandrina, Pruna, Luchiana, Roman, Gabriela, Rosu, Mihaela, Sima, Alexandra, Sipciu, Doina, Sitterli-Natea, Carmen Narcisa, Szilagyi, Iosif, Tapurica, Minodora, Tase, Adrian, Tutescu, Adriana-Carmen, Vanghelie, Luminita, Verde, Ioana, Vlad, Adrian, Zarnescu, Mihaela, Akhmetov, Roman, Allenova, Irina, Avdeeva, Irina, Baturina, Oksana, Biserova, Irina, Bokovin, Nikolay, Bondar, Irina, Burova, Natalia, Chufeneva, Galina, Chumachek, Elena, Demidova, Marina, Demin, Alexander, 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Mattias, Bergström, Lisa, Binsell-Gerdin, Emil, Boman, Kurt, Botond, Fabian, Dotevall, Annika, Graipe, Anna, Jarnet, C, Kaminska, Jessica, Kempe, Anders, Korhonen, Michael, Linderfalk, Carina, Liu, Bo, Ljungstroem, Karl, Ljungström, Karl, Malmqvist, Lennart, Mellbin, Linda, Mooe, Thomas, Nicol, Peter, Norrby, Anders, Ohlsson, Ake, Rosengren, Annika, Saaf, Jan, Salmonsson, Staffan, Strandberg, Olof, Svensson, Karl-Axel, Tengmark, Bengt-Olov, Tsatsaris, Georgios, Ulvenstam, Anders, Vasko, Peter, Chang, Chwen-Tzuei, Chang, Hsin-Mei, Chen, Jung-Fu, Chen, To-Pang, Chung, Ming-Min, Fu, Chia-Po, Hsia, Te-Lin, Hua, Shih-Che, Kuo, Ming-Chun, Lee, Chia-ln, Lee, I-Te, Liang, Kae-Woei, Lin, Shih Yi, Lu, Chieh-Hsiang, Ma, Wen-Ya, Pei, Dee, Shen, Feng-Chih, Su, Ching-Chieh, Su, Shuo-Wei, Tai, Tsai-Sung, Tsai, Wan-Ni, Tsai, Yi-Ting, Tung, Shih-Chen, Wang, Jun-Sing, Yu, Hui-I, Al-Qaissi, Ahmed, Arutchelvam, Vijayaraman, Atkin, Stephen, Au, Simon, Aye, Myint Myint, Bain, Stephen, Bejnariu, Cristina, 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Omar, Ariani, Mehrdad Kevin, Arkin, David, Banarer, Salomon, Barchini, George, Bhan, Arti, Branch, Kelley, Brautigam, Donald, Brietzke, Stephen, Brinas, Maridez, Brito, Yudit, Carter, Casey, Casagni, Kimberely, Casula, Sabina, Chakko, Simon, Charatz, Seth, Childress, Dale, Chow, Lisa, Chustecka, Malgorzata, Clarke, Subha, Cohen, Lisa, Collins, Barry, Colon Vega, Gildred, Comulada-Rivera, Angel, Cortes-Maisonet, Gregorio, Davis, Matthew, de Souza, Jose, Desouza, Cyrus, Dinnan, Mary, Duffy-Hidalgo, Bobbi, Dunn, Barbara, Dunn, Julia, Elman, Marshall, Felicetta, James, Finkelstein, Stuart, Fitz-Patrick, David, Florez, Hermes, Forker, Alan, Fowler, Wayne, Fredrickson, Sonja, Freedman, Zachary, Gainey Narron, Brooke, Gainey-Ferree, Kristin, Gardner, Michael, Gastelum, Christian, Giddings, Stephen, Gillespie, Eve, Gimness, Michael Paul, Goldstein, Gary, Gomes, Maria, Gomez, Nelson, Gorman, Timothy, Goswami, Ketan, Graves, Arthur, Hacking, Scott, Hall, Charles, Hanson, Lenita, Harman, Sherman, Heber, David, Henry, Robert, Hiner, Janette, Hirsch, Irl, Hollander, Priscilla, Hooker, Thomas, Horowitz, Barry, Hoste, Laura, Huang, Loli, Huynh, Minh, Hyman, Dan, Idriss, Soha, Iranmanesh, Ali, Karounos, Dennis, Kashyap, Moti, Katz, Lois, Kaye, William, Khaiton, Yevgeniy, Khardori, Romesh, Kitchen, Timothy, Klein, Andrew, Knffem, Wendi, Kosiborod, Mikhail, Kreglinger, Nicola, Kruger, Davida, Kumar, Anubhav, Laboy, Ivan, Larrabee, Patricia, Larrick, Laura, Lawson, Donna, Ledet, Mike, Lenhard, James, Levy, James, Li, George, Li, Zhaoping, Lieb, David, Limcolioc, April, Lions-Patterson, Jane, Lorber, Daniel, Lorch, Daniel, Lorrello, Michael, Lu, Peter, Lucas, Kathryn Jean, Ma, Siu-Ling, MacAdams, Michael, Magee, Michelle, Magno, Alexander, Mahakala, Aparna Reddy, Marks, Jennifer, McCall, Anthony, McClanahan, William, McClary, Carole, Melendez, Lydia, Melish, John, Michaud, Deanna, Miller, Christopher, Miller, Neil, Mora, Pablo, Moten, Marriyam, Mudaliar, Sunder, Myrick, Gregory, Narayan, Puneet, Nassif, Mike, Neri, Karena, Newton, Tabitha, Niblack, Patricia, Nicol, Philip, Nyenwe, Ebenezer, Odugbesan, A. Ola, Okorocha, Yolanda, Ortiz Carrasquillo, Ramón, Osei, Kwame, Palermo, Coromoto, Patel, Hiren, Patel, Krishna, Pau, Cindy, Perley, Michael, Plevin, Sanford, Plummer, Elena, Powell, Richard, Qintar, Mohammed, Rawls, Rex, Reyes-Castano, John, Reynolds, Lillian, Richards, Robert, Rosenstock, Julio, Rowe, Caroline, Saleh, Jahandar, Sam, Sony, Sanchez, Alfredo, Sander, Donald, Sanderson, Bruce, Savin, Virginia, Seaquist, Elizabeth, Shah, Jayendra, Shi, Serena, Shivaswamy, Vijay, Shlotzhauer, Tammi, Shore, David, Skukowski, Bobbie, Soe, Kyaw, Solheim, Vesna, Soufer, Joseph, Steinberg, Helmut, Steinsapir, Jaime, Tarkington, Phillip, Thayer, Debra, Thomson, Stephen, Thrasher, James, Tibaldi, Joseph, Tjaden, Jeff, Tores, Oberto, Trence, Dace, Trikudanathan, Subbulaxmi, Ullal, Jagdeesh, Uwaifo, Gabriel, Vo, Anthony, Vu, Kenny, Walia, Damandeep, Weiland, Karen, Whitehouse, Fred, Wiegmann, Thomas, Wyne, Kathleen, Wynne, Alan, Yuen, Kevin, Zaretzky, Joel, Zebrack, James, Zieve, Franklin, and Zigrang, William
Abstract: Three different glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists reduce cardiovascular outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk with high glycated haemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) concentrations. We assessed the effect of the GLP-1 receptor agonist dulaglutide on major adverse cardiovascular events when added to the existing antihyperglycaemic regimens of individuals with type 2 diabetes with and without previous cardiovascular disease and a wide range of glycaemic control.
Published: 2019
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20. Dulaglutide and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: an exploratory analysis of the REWIND randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Author: Gerstein, Hertzel C, Colhoun, Helen M, Dagenais, Gilles R, Diaz, Rafael, Lakshmanan, Mark, Pais, Prem, Probstfield, Jeffrey, Botros, Fady T, Riddle, Matthew C, Rydén, Lars, Xavier, Denis, Atisso, Charles Messan, Dyal, Leanne, Hall, Stephanie, Rao-Melacini, Purnima, Wong, Gloria, Avezum, Alvaro, Basile, Jan, Chung, Namsik, Conget, Ignacio, Cushman, William C, Franek, Edward, Hancu, Nicolae, Hanefeld, Markolf, Holt, Shaun, Jansky, Petr, Keltai, Matyas, Lanas, Fernando, Leiter, Lawrence A, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Cardona Munoz, Ernesto German, Pirags, Valdis, Pogosova, Nana, Raubenheimer, Peter J, Shaw, Jonathan E, Sheu, Wayne H-H, Temelkova-Kurktschiev, Theodora, Abella, Mercedes, Alebuena, Andrea, Almagro, Sandra, Amoroso, Eduardo, Anadon, Paula, Andreu, Elizabeth, Aristimuño, Guillermo, Arzadun, Maria, Barbieri, Maria, Barcudi, Raul, Bartolacci, Ines, Bolobanich, Gabriel, Bordonava, Anselmo, Bustamante Labarta, Miguel, Bustos, Betina, Caccavo, Alberto, Camino, Alejandra, Cantero, Maria, Carignano, Maria, Cartasegna, Luis, Cipullo, Marcela, Commendatore, Víctor, Conosciuto, Victoria, Costamagna, Osvaldo, Crespo, Claudia, Cuello, Jose, Cuneo, Carlos, Cusimano, Sandra, Dean, Sofia, Dituro, Claudio, Dominguez, Andrea, Farah, Miguel, Fernandez, Alberto, Fernandez, Florencia, Ferrari, Adriana, Flammia, Patricia, Fuentealba, Jose, Gallardo, Karina Beatriz, Garcia, Celso, Garcia Duran, Ruben, Garrido, Marcelo, Gavicola, Rodolfo, Gerbaudo, Claudio, Gilli, Graciela, Giotto, Ana Paula, Godoy Bolzán, Pedro, Gomez Vilamajo, Oscar, Guerlloy, Fernando, Guridi, Cristian, Gutierrez Garrido, Narcisa, Hasbani, Eduardo, Hermida, Sonia, Hominal, Miguel, Hrabar, Adrian, Ingaramo, Adrián, Izzicupo, Alejandra, Krynski, Mario, Lagrutta, Mariana, Lanchiotti, Paulina, Langhe, Maria, Leonard, Veronica, Llanos, Javier, Lopez Santi, Ricardo, Lowenstein, Jorge, Luquez, Cecilia, Mackinnon, Ignacio, Mana, Melina, Manzur, Sara, Marino, Javier, Martella, Carolina, Martinez, Roger, Matias, Re, Matkovich, Javier, Meritano, Monica, Montaña, Oscar, Mulazzi, María, Ochoa, Juan, Paterlini, Gustavo, Pelagagge, María, Peralta Lopez, Maria Elena, Prado, Aldo, Pruyas, Lorena, Racca, Martín, Ricotti, Carola, Rodriguez, Carolina, Romero Vidomlansky, Mariano, Ronderos, Ricardo, Sadowski, Ana Laura, Sala, Jorgelina, Sánchez, Alejandro, Santoro, Andrea, Schiavi, Lilia, Sein, Mariano, Sernia, Virginia, Serra, Leonardo, Sicer, Maximiliano, Smith, Tomas, Soso, Leonardo, Sposetti, Georgina, Steinacher, Andrea, Stival, Jorge, Tedesco, Jorge, Tonin, Hugo, Tortolo, Mauro, Ulla, Maria, Vallejos, Julio, Vico, Marisa, Virgillito, Luciana, Visco, Virginia, Vogel, Daniel, Waisman, Florencia, Zaidman, César, Zucchiatti, Noemi, Badshah, Imran, Cohen, Neale, Colman, Peter, Colquhoun, David, Davis, Timothy, Fourlanos, Spiros, Fulcher, Greg, Hamlyn, Jane, Haywood, Cilla, Hocking, Samantha, Huchinson, Maeve, Jeffries, William, Kyl, Mervyn, Lo, Clement, Mah, PeakMann, Makepeace, Ashley, Marope, 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Lemos, Maria Angelica, Maia, Lilia, Manenti, Euler Roberto, Marques, Mariana, Melissa Valerio, Cynthia, Moreira, Rodrigo, Mothé, Flávia, Mouco, Osana Maria, Moura, Philip, Moura Jorge, José Carlos, Nakashima, Carlos, Nakazone, Marcelo, Napoli, Thiago, Nunes, Cristiane, Nunes Salles, Joao Eduardo, Oliveira, Karla, Oliveira, Marcela, Pantano, Gracielly de Souza, Petri, Fabio, Piazza, Leonardo, Pires, Andreia Carla, Pizzato, Patricia, Prata, Sergio, Precoma, Dalton, Rech, Rafael, Reis, Gilmar, Reis, Heleno, Resende, Elisabete, Ribas Fortes, Jose, Rodovalho, Sylka, Rossi dos Santos, Fabio, Salles, Joao Eduardo, Sampaio, Célia Regina, Santos, Thiago, Santos dos Santos, Vanessa, Silva e Quadros, Tulio, Silveira, Daniel, Siqueira, Katia Nunes, Teireira, M, Uehara, Marcelo, Valerio, C, Vianna, Henrique, Vidotti, Maria Helena, Visconti, Guilherme de Lima, Zanella, Maria Teresa, Andreeva, Viktoriya, Borisov, Radoslav, Botushanov, Nikolay, Dimitrov, Georgi, Dimova, Kameliya, Dragoychev, Tsvetan, 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Agudelo, Juan, Pérez Amador, Germán, Pertuz, Carlos, Posada, Irina, Puerta, Carlos, Quintero, Adalberto, Quiroz, Diana, Rendon, Carmen, Reyes, Alberto, Reyes, Alvaro, Ripoll, Diana, Rivera, Carlos, Rocha, Maria, Rodriguez, Jose F, Rodriguez Villanueva, Kervis Asid, Rodriguez Zabala, Javier Emilio, Rojas, Sindy, Romero, Maria, Rosero, Ricardo, Rosillo Cardenas, Angelica Rocio, Rueda, Lina, Sanchez, Gregorio, Sanchez, Tatiana, Sotomayor Herazo, Arístides, Suarez, Monica, Torres, Mariana, Trujillo, Freddy, Urina, Miguel, Van Strahlen, Lazaro, Velandia, Carlos, Velasquez Guzman, Carolina, Velazquez, Elizabeth, Vidal Prada, Tatiana, Yepez Alvaran, Juan Pablo, Zarate, Diego, Andelova, Jana, Benesova, Radka, Buzova, Barbara, Cech, Vladimir, Chodova, Ida, Choura, Miroslav, Dufka, Antonin, Gamova, Andrea, Gorgol, Jakub, Hala, Tomas, Havlova, Hana, Hlavkova, Dagmar, Horanska, Petra, Ilcisin-Valova, Juliana, Jenickova, Petra, Jerabek, Ondrej, Kantorova, Ilona, Kolomaznikova, Katerina, Kopeckova, Iva, Kopeckova, Miroslava, Linhart, Karel, Linhart, Tomas, Malecha, Jan, Malicherova, Emilia, Neubauerova, Dana, Oznerova, Martina, Partys, Radan, Pederzoliova, Eva, Petrusova, Maria, Prymkova, Vera, Racicka, Eva, Reissova, Ida, Roderova, Eva, Stanek, Libor, Striova, Alena, Svarcova, Dana, Svoboda, Petr, Szeghy Malicharova, Emilia, Urge, Jan, Vesely, Ladislav, Wasserburger, Bedich, Wasserburgerova, Hilde, Zahumensky, Emil, Zamrazil, Vaclav, Alawi, Hasan, Anastasiadis, Ernestos, Axthelm, Elisabeth, Bieler, Tasso, Buhrig, Christina, Degtyareva, Elizaveta, Dellanna, Frank, Derwahl, Karl-Michael, Diessel, Stephan, Dogiami, Barbara, Dorn-Weitzel, Kirsten, Ernst, Monika, Faulmann, Grit, Fetscher, Baerbel, Forst, Thomas, Freyer-Lahres, Gabriele, Funke, Klaus, Ganz, Xenia, Gleixner, Christiane, Hanefeld, Christoph, Heinrichs, Sven, Helleberg, Stephanie, Henkel, Elena, Hetzel, Gerd Ruediger, Hoffmann, Caren, Jacob, Frohmut, Jacob, Stephan, John, Franziska, Jonczyk, Antonius, Kamke, Wolfram, Klein, Christiane, Kleinhardt, Martina, Kleophas, Werner, Kosch, Christine, Kreutzmann, Kristin, Kühn, Achim, Lee-Barkey, Young Hee, Lier, Alexander, Maatouk, Sarah, Minnich, Joachim, Mitry, Michael, Muessig, Ilona, Nicula, Diana, Niemann, Martina, Nothroff, Joerg, Ott, Petra, Pfuetzner, Andreas, Pfützner, Andreas, Pistrosch, Frank, Pohl, Wildgard, Prochazkova, Zdenka, Retkowska, Marlena, Rosin, Heiko, Sachsenheimer, Daniela, Samer, Holger, Sanuri, Mazin, Schaefer, Axel, Schaper, Frank, Schulze, Erik-Delf, Schulze, Marita, Schumann, Martina, Segiet, Thomas, Sowa, Veronika, Stahl, Hans-Detlev, Steinfeldt, Franziska, Teige, Madlen, Trieb, Bjoern, Tschoepe, Diethelm, Uebel, Peter, Warken, Bernd, Weigmann, Ingo, Weyland, Klaus, Wilhelm, Klara, Balo, Timea, Balsay, Miklos, Bende, Ilona, Bezzegh, Katalin, Birkus, Zita, Buday, Barbara, Csomai, Melinda, Deak, Laszlo, Dezso, Eniko, Faludi, Peter, Faluvegi, M, Fazekas, Ilona, Feher, Agota, Fejer, Csaba, Finta, Ervin, Fulcz, Agnes, Gaal, Zsolt, Gurzo, Mihaly, Hati, Krisztina, Herczeg, Gabriella, Jozsef, Ildiko, Juhasz, Marta, Keltai, Katalin, Koranyi, Laszlo, Kulcsar, Eniko, Kun, Krisztina, Laczko, Andrea, Literáti-Nagy, Botond, Mezo, Izabella, Mileder, Margit, Moricz, I, Nagy, Károly, Nagybaczoni, Bela, Nemeth, Csaba, Oze, Agnes, Pauer, Jozsef, Peterfai, Eva, Polocsanyi, Bela, Poor, Ferenc, Reiber, István, Salamon, Csaba, Sebestyen, Julia, Torok, Ildiko, Tuu, Marianna, Varga, Andrea, Vass, Viktor, Ahn, Chul Min, Ahn, Chulwoo, ByungWon, Park, Chang, Hyuk-Jae, Chang, Kiyuk, Choi, Eui-Young, Choi, Han Seok, Chung, Jin-Wook, Hong, Bum- Kee, Hong, Young Joon, Hyon, Min Su, Jeong, Myung Ho, Kang, Shinae, Kim, Byeong-Keuk, Kim, Ji-Hyun, Kim, Ju Han, Kim, Kee-Sik, Kim, Kee-Sik, Kim, Moo Hyun, Kim, Pum-Joon, Kim, Soon-Kil, Kim, Yong-Seok, Kim, Young Kwon, Koh, Yoon Seok, Kwon, Hyuck Moon, Lee, Byoung Kwon, Lee, Byung-Wan, Lee, Jin Bae, Lee, Myoung-Mook, Lim, Young-Mee, Min, Pil Ki, Park, Jong Sung, Park, Jongsuk, Park, Keun Ho, Park, Sungha, Pyun, Wook Bum, Rim, Se Joong, Ryu, Dong-Ryeol, Seo, Hong-Seog, Seung, Ki Bae, Shin, Dong-Ho, Sim, Doo Sun, Yoon, Young Won, Andersone, Ilze, Babicka, Kristine, Balcere, Inga, Barons, Roberts, Capkovska, Inguna, Geldnere, Kristine, Grigane, Inese, Jegere, Baiba, Lagzdina, Ilze, Mora, Lija, Pastare, Sigita, Ritenberga, Rota, Romanova, Janina, Saknite, Inta, Sidlovska, Natalja, Sokolova, Jelena, Steina, Sandra, Strizko, Iveta, Teterovska, Dace, Vizina, Brigita, Barsiene, Lina, Belozariene, Gintare, Daugintyte-Petrusiene, Laura, Drungiliene, Nijole, Garsviene, Nijole, Grigiene, Ala, Grizas, Vytautas, Jociene, Virginija, Kalvaitiene, Dalia, Kaupiene, Jugeta, Kavaliauskiene, Jurate, Kozloviene, Dalia, Lapteva, Ilona, Maneikiene, Birute, Marcinkeviciene, Jolanta, Markauskiene, Vaidilija, Meiluniene, Salomeja, Norkus, Almantas, Norviliene, Rita, Petrenko, Vladimiras, Radzeviciene, Ruta, Sakalyte, Gintare, Urbonas, Gediminas, Urbutiene, Skaiste, Vasiliauskas, Donatas, Velickiene, Dzilda, Aguilar, Carlos, Alcocer, Marco, Avalos-Ramirez, Juan Antonio, Banda-Elizondo, Ramiro, Bricio-Ramirez, Rubria, Cardenas Mejia, Karla, Cavazos, Francisco, Chapa, Jesus, Cienfuegos, Erika, De la Peña, Astrid, de la Peña Topete, Gilberto, De los Rios Ibarra, Manuel Odin, Elias, Daniel, Flores-Moreno, Claudia, Garcia Hernandez, Pedro, Gonzalez, Luis Gerardo, Guerra Moya, Rosa Linda, Guerra-Lopez, Arturo, Hernandez Baylon, Raymundo, Herrera Colorado, Carolina, Herrera-Marmolejo, Marisol, Islas-Palacios, Neri, Lopez, Esteban, Lopez, Fernando, Lopez Alvarado, Agustin, Luna Ceballos, Rosa Isela, Morales Villegas, Enrique, Moreno-Virgen, Gualberto, Parra Perez, Rosa Linda, Pascoe Gonzalez, Sara, Peralta-Cantu, Irving, Previn, Roopa, Ramirez, Rosa, Ramirez, Rubria, Ramos Zavala, Maria Guadalupe, Rodriguez, Monica, Salgado-Sedano, Rocio, Sanchez-Aguilar, Ana Claudia, Santa Rosa Franco, Edith, Sauque-Reyna, Leobardo, Suarez Otero, Rodrigo, Torres, Ivonne, Velarde-Harnandez, Enrique, Villagordoa, Juan, Villeda-Espinoza, Efrain, Vital-Lopez, Jorge, Zavala- Bello, Cristian Jair, Baker, John, Barrington-Ward, Elaine, Brownless, Thomas, Carroll, Richard, Carson, Simon, Choe, Michelle, Corin, Andrew, Corley, Brian, Cutfield, Richard, Dalaman, Neelam, Dixon, Paul, Drury, Paul, Dyson, Keith, Florkowski, Chris, Ford, Monica, Frengley, William, Helm, Colin, Katzen, Colin, Kerr, Jane, Khanolkar, Manish, Kim, David, Koops, Renata, Krebs, Jeremy, Leikis, Robert, Low, Kwan, Luckey, Alison, Luke, Richard, Macaulay, Susan, Marks, Rodney, McNamara, Catherine, Millar-Coote, Dean, Miller, Steven, Mottershead, Naomi, Reid, James, Robertson, Narcisa, Rosen, Ian, Rowe, David, Schmiedel, Ole, Scott, Russell, Sebastian, Jeffrey, Sheahan, Davitt, Stiebel, Victoria, Ternouth, Ian, Tofield, Chris, Venter, Dirk, Williams, Michael, Williams, Miles, Wu, Fiona, Young, Simon, Arciszewska, Malgorzata, Bochenek, Anna, Borkowski, Piotr, Borowy, Przemyslaw, Chrzanowski, Tomasz, Czerwinski, Edward, Dwojak, Marek, Grodzicka, Agnieszka, Janiec, Izabela, Jaruga, Joanna, Jazwinska-Tarnawska, Ewa Krystyna, Jedynasty, Krystyna, Juzwiak-Czapiewska, Danuta, Karczewicz-Janowska, Jadwiga, Konieczny, Jan, Konieczny, Marek, Korol, Marek, Kozina, Maciej, Krzyzagorska, Ewa, Kucharczyk-Petryka, Ewa, Laz, Roman, Majchrzak, Anna, Mrozowska, Zdzislawa, Mularczyk, Michal, Nowacka, Elzbieta, Peczynska, Jadwiga, Petryka, Robert, Pietrzak, Radoslaw, Pisarczyk-Wiza, Dorota, Rozanska, Aleksandra, Ruzga, Zofia, Rzeszotarska, Emilia, Sacha, Malgorzata, Sekulska, Marzenna, Sidorowicz-Bialynicka, Anna, Stasinska, Teresa, Strzelecka-Sosik, Agnieszka, Swierszcz, Teresa, Szymkowiak, Katarzyna Miroslawa, Turowska, Olga, Wisniewska, Krystyna, Wiza, Maciej, Wozniak, Iwona, Zelazowska, Katarzyna, Ziolkowska-Gawron, Bernadetta, Zytkiewicz-Jaruga, Danuta, Albota, Adrian, Alexandru, Carmina, Avram, Rodica, Bala, Cornelia, Barbonta, Diana, Barbu, Roxana, Braicu, Daniela, Calutiu, Nicoleta, Catrinoiu, Doina, Cerghizan, Anca, Ciorba, Alina, Craciun, Anca, Doros, Rodica, Duma, Livia, Dumitrache, Ancuta, Ferariu, Ioana, Ferician Moza, Anca, Ghergan, Alexandrina, Ghise, Gheorghe, Graur, Mariana, Gribovschi, Mihaela, Mihai, Bogdan, Mihalache, Laura, Mihalcea, Madalina, Mindrescu, Nicoleta, Morosanu, Magdalena, Morosoanu, Andrea, Mota, Maria, Moza, Anca, Nafornita, Valerica, Natea, Narcisa, Nicodim, Simona, Nita, Cristina, Onaca, Adriana, Onaca, Mircea, Pop, Cristina, Pop, Lavinia, Popa, Amorin, Popescu, Alexandrina, Pruna, Luchiana, Roman, Gabriela, Rosu, Mihaela, Sima, Alexandra, Sipciu, Doina, Sitterli-Natea, Carmen Narcisa, Szilagyi, Iosif, Tapurica, Minodora, Tase, Adrian, Tutescu, Adriana-Carmen, Vanghelie, Luminita, Verde, Ioana, Vlad, Adrian, Zarnescu, Mihaela, Akhmetov, Roman, Allenova, Irina, Avdeeva, Irina, Baturina, Oksana, Biserova, Irina, Bokovin, Nikolay, Bondar, Irina, Burova, Natalia, Chufeneva, Galina, Chumachek, Elena, Demidova, Marina, Demin, Alexander, Drobysheva, Vera, Egorova, Irina, Esenyan, Lev, Gelig, Ekaterina, Gilyarevsky, Sergey, Golshmid, Maria, Goncharov, Arseniy, Gorbunova, Anastasia, Gordeev, Ivan, Gorelysheva, Vera, Goryunova, Tatiana, Grebenshchikova, Irina, Ilchenko, Roman, Ivannikova, Maria, Karabalieva, Saule, Karpeeva, Juliya, Khaykina, Elena, Kobalava, Zhanna, Kononenko, Irina, Korolik, Oxana, Korshunova, Anna, Kostenko, Victor, Krasnopevtseva, Irina, Krylova, Ludmila, Kulkova, Polina, Kuzmina, Irina, Ledyaeva, Alla, Levashov, Sergey, Lokhovinina, Natalia, Lvov, Vadim, Martirosyan, Narine, Nedogoda, Sergey, Nilk, Rostislav, Osmolovskaya, Yulia, Panov, Alexey, Paramonova, Olga, Pavlova, Ekaterina, Pekareva, Elena, Petunina, Nina, Ponamareva, Svetlana, Reshedko, Galina, Salasyuk, Alla, Sepkhanyan, Malvina, Serebrov, Alexandr, Shabelnikova, Olesya, Skvortsov, Andrey, Smirnova, Olga, Spiridonova, Oxana, Strogova, Svetlana, Taratukhin, Evgeny, Tereschenko, Sergey, Trukhina, Lubov, Tsarkova, Olga, Tsoma, Vera, Tumarov, Farid, Tyan, Natalya, Tyurina, Tatiana, Villevalde, Svetlana, Yankovaya, Elena, Zarutskaya, Ludmila, Zenkova, Elena, Badat, Aysha, Bester, Frederik, Blignaut, Suzanne, Blom, Dirk, Booysen, Susan, Boyd, Warren, Brice, Brigitte, Brown, Susan, Burgess, Lesley, Cawood, Reina, Coetzee, Kathleen, Conradie, Hillet, Cronje, Tanja, de Jong, Douwe, Ellis, Graham, Emanuel, Shaunagh, Engelbrecht, Ingrid, Foulkes, Sharne, Fourie, Done, Gibson, Gilbert, Govender, Thirumani, Hansa, Sumayah, Hemus, Allana Colleen, Hendricks, Firzana, Heradien, Marshall, Holmgren, Chantelle, Hoosain, Zaheer, Horak, Emile, Howard, Johannes, Immink, Ignatius, Janari, E., Jivan, Daksha, Klusmann, Karl, Labuschagne, Weik, Lai, Yen-yu, Latiff, Gulam, Lombaard, J., Lottering, Hanlie, Meeding, Ronel, Middlemost, Shirley, Mitha, Haroon, Mitha, Ismail, Mkhwanazi, Sandile, Moodley, Rajendran, Murray, Almeri, Musungaie, Dany, Osman, Yasmin, Peacey, Kirsten, Pillay-Ramaya, Larisha, Pretorius, Catharina, Prozesky, Hans, Sarvan, Mahomed, Scholtz, E, Sebesteny, Attila, Skinner, Bianca, Skriker, Michael, Smit, M, Stapelberg, Anna-Marie, Swanepoel, Nicolaas, Urbach, Dorothea, van Aswegen, Dina, van Zyl, Francois, Van Zyl, Louis, Venter, Esme, Wadvalla, Shahid, Wing, Jeffrey, Wolmarans, Karen, Abreu, Cristina, Aguilà, Pilar, Aguilera, Eva, Alonso, Nuria, Alvarez, Carmen, Cajas, Priscila, Castro, Jose Carlos, Codinachs, Roger, Contreras, Jose, Coves, Maria Jose, Fajardo, Carmen, Ferrer, Juan Carlos, Font, Neus, Garcia, Mar, Gil, Maria Apolonia, Gomez, Fernando, Gomez, Lluis Alberto, Gonzalbez, Jose, Griera, Jose Luis, Masmiquel, Luís, Mauricio, Didac, Narejos Perez, Silvia, Nicolau, Juana Ana, Noheda Contreras, Olga, Olivan, Josefina, Olivares, Josefina, Ortega, Emilio, Pellitero, Silvia, Pertusa, Salvador, Rius, Ferran, Rodriguez, Irene, Sánchez-Juan, Carlos, Santos, Dolores, Soldevila, Berta, Subias, David, Terns, Manel, Trescoli, Carlos, Vilaplana, Judith, Villanueva, Alicia, Albo, Jaan, Antus, Kjell, Axelsson, Mattias, Bergström, Lisa, Binsell-Gerdin, Emil, Boman, Kurt, Botond, Fabian, Dotevall, Annika, Graipe, Anna, Jarnet, C, Kaminska, Jessica, Kempe, Anders, Korhonen, Michael, Linderfalk, Carina, Liu, Bo, Ljungstroem, Karl, Ljungström, Karl, Malmqvist, Lennart, Mellbin, Linda, Mooe, Thomas, Nicol, Peter, Norrby, Anders, Ohlsson, Ake, Rosengren, Annika, Saaf, Jan, Salmonsson, Staffan, Strandberg, Olof, Svensson, Karl-Axel, Tengmark, Bengt-Olov, Tsatsaris, Georgios, Ulvenstam, Anders, Vasko, Peter, Chang, Chwen-Tzuei, Chang, Hsin-Mei, Chen, Jung-Fu, Chen, To-Pang, Chung, Ming-Min, Fu, Chia-Po, Hsia, Te-Lin, Hua, Shih-Che, Kuo, Ming-Chun, Lee, Chia-ln, Lee, I-Te, Liang, Kae-Woei, Lin, Shih Yi, Lu, Chieh-Hsiang, Ma, Wen-Ya, Pei, Dee, Shen, Feng-Chih, Su, Ching-Chieh, Su, Shuo-Wei, Tai, Tsai-Sung, Tsai, Wan-Ni, Tsai, Yi-Ting, Tung, Shih-Chen, Wang, Jun-Sing, Yu, Hui-I, Al-Qaissi, Ahmed, Arutchelvam, Vijayaraman, Atkin, Stephen, Au, Simon, Aye, Myint Myint, Bain, Stephen, Bejnariu, Cristina, Bell, Patrick, Bhatnagar, Deepak, Bilous, Rudy, Black, Neil, Brennan, Ursula, Brett, Barbara, Bujanova, Jana, Chow, Elaine, Collier, Andrew, Combe, Amanda, Courtney, Christopher, Courtney, Hamish, Crothers, James, Eavis, Patrick, Elliott, Jackie, Febbraro, Salvatore, Finlayson, Jim, Gandhi, Rajiv, Gillings, Sharon, Hamling, Jonathan, Harper, Roy, Harris, Tim, Hassan, Kahal, Heller, Simon, Jane, Alison, Javed, Zeeshan, Johnson, Tim, Jones, Stephen, Kennedy, Adele, Kerr, David, Kilgallon, Brian, Konya, Judith, Lindsay, John, Lomova-Williams, Lina, Looker, Helen, MacFarlane, David, Macrury, Sandra, Malik, Iqbal, McCrimmon, Rory, McKeith, Douglas, McKnight, John, Mishra, Biswa, Mukhtar, Racha, Mulligan, Ciara, O'Kane, Maurice, Olateju, Tolu, Orpen, Ian, Richardson, Tristan, Rooney, Desmond, Ross, Shorsha Bae, Sathyapalan, Thozhukat, Siddaramaiah, Naveen, Sit, Lee Euan, Stephens, Jeffrey, Turtle, Frances, Wakil, Ammar, Walkinshaw, Emma, Ali, Asem, Anderson, Robert, Arakaki, Richard, Aref, Omar, Ariani, Mehrdad Kevin, Arkin, David, Banarer, Salomon, Barchini, George, Bhan, Arti, Branch, Kelley, Brautigam, Donald, Brietzke, Stephen, Brinas, Maridez, Brito, Yudit, Carter, Casey, Casagni, Kimberely, Casula, Sabina, Chakko, Simon, Charatz, Seth, Childress, Dale, Chow, Lisa, Chustecka, Malgorzata, Clarke, Subha, Cohen, Lisa, Collins, Barry, Colon Vega, Gildred, Comulada-Rivera, Angel, Cortes-Maisonet, Gregorio, Davis, Matthew, de Souza, Jose, Desouza, Cyrus, Dinnan, Mary, Duffy-Hidalgo, Bobbi, Dunn, Barbara, Dunn, Julia, Elman, Marshall, Felicetta, James, Finkelstein, Stuart, Fitz-Patrick, David, Florez, Hermes, Forker, Alan, Fowler, Wayne, Fredrickson, Sonja, Freedman, Zachary, Gainey Narron, Brooke, Gainey-Ferree, Kristin, Gardner, Michael, Gastelum, Christian, Giddings, Stephen, Gillespie, Eve, Gimness, Michael Paul, Goldstein, Gary, Gomes, Maria, Gomez, Nelson, Gorman, Timothy, Goswami, Ketan, Graves, Arthur, Hacking, Scott, Hall, Charles, Hanson, Lenita, Harman, Sherman, Heber, David, Henry, Robert, Hiner, Janette, Hirsch, Irl, Hollander, Priscilla, Hooker, Thomas, Horowitz, Barry, Hoste, Laura, Huang, Loli, Huynh, Minh, Hyman, Dan, Idriss, Soha, Iranmanesh, Ali, Karounos, Dennis, Kashyap, Moti, Katz, Lois, Kaye, William, Khaiton, Yevgeniy, Khardori, Romesh, Kitchen, Timothy, Klein, Andrew, Knffem, Wendi, Kosiborod, Mikhail, Kreglinger, Nicola, Kruger, Davida, Kumar, Anubhav, Laboy, Ivan, Larrabee, Patricia, Larrick, Laura, Lawson, Donna, Ledet, Mike, Lenhard, James, Levy, James, Li, George, Li, Zhaoping, Lieb, David, Limcolioc, April, Lions-Patterson, Jane, Lorber, Daniel, Lorch, Daniel, Lorrello, Michael, Lu, Peter, Lucas, Kathryn Jean, Ma, Siu-Ling, MacAdams, Michael, Magee, Michelle, Magno, Alexander, Mahakala, Aparna Reddy, Marks, Jennifer, McCall, Anthony, McClanahan, William, McClary, Carole, Melendez, Lydia, Melish, John, Michaud, Deanna, Miller, Christopher, Miller, Neil, Mora, Pablo, Moten, Marriyam, Mudaliar, Sunder, Myrick, Gregory, Narayan, Puneet, Nassif, Mike, Neri, Karena, Newton, Tabitha, Niblack, Patricia, Nicol, Philip, Nyenwe, Ebenezer, Odugbesan, A. Ola, Okorocha, Yolanda, Ortiz Carrasquillo, Ramón, Osei, Kwame, Palermo, Coromoto, Patel, Hiren, Patel, Krishna, Pau, Cindy, Perley, Michael, Plevin, Sanford, Plummer, Elena, Powell, Richard, Qintar, Mohammed, Rawls, Rex, Reyes-Castano, John, Reynolds, Lillian, Richards, Robert, Rosenstock, Julio, Rowe, Caroline, Saleh, Jahandar, Sam, Sony, Sanchez, Alfredo, Sander, Donald, Sanderson, Bruce, Savin, Virginia, Seaquist, Elizabeth, Shah, Jayendra, Shi, Serena, Shivaswamy, Vijay, Shlotzhauer, Tammi, Shore, David, Skukowski, Bobbie, Soe, Kyaw, Solheim, Vesna, Soufer, Joseph, Steinberg, Helmut, Steinsapir, Jaime, Tarkington, Phillip, Thayer, Debra, Thomson, Stephen, Thrasher, James, Tibaldi, Joseph, Tjaden, Jeff, Tores, Oberto, Trence, Dace, Trikudanathan, Subbulaxmi, Ullal, Jagdeesh, Uwaifo, Gabriel, Vo, Anthony, Vu, Kenny, Walia, Damandeep, Weiland, Karen, Whitehouse, Fred, Wiegmann, Thomas, Wyne, Kathleen, Wynne, Alan, Yuen, Kevin, Zaretzky, Joel, Zebrack, James, Zieve, Franklin, and Zigrang, William
Abstract: Two glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists reduced renal outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes at risk for cardiovascular disease. We assessed the long-term effect of the GLP-1 receptor agonist dulaglutide on renal outcomes in an exploratory analysis of the REWIND trial of the effect of dulaglutide on cardiovascular disease.
Published: 2019
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21. Kinetic Description of Ascorbic Acid Decomposition in Redox Initiator Systems for Polymerization Processes

Author: Schroeter, Baldur, Bettermann, Sven, Semken, Henning, Melchin, Timo, Weitzel, Hans-Peter, and Pauer, Werner
Abstract: The temperature dependent redox decomposition rate constants of ascorbic acid (AsAc) in aqueous solutions were quantified in the presence of ammonium iron(III) sulfate dodecahydrate (Fe-cat) and tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP). Decomposition rates were determined in a temperature range from 35–75 °C with respect to the component ratios. First-order kinetics were observed up to specific conversions (∼20–80%) for AsAc decomposition. The application of a flexible Weibull model provided a good and comparable description (R2≥ 0.992) of decomposition processes up to high AsAc conversions (96%) at all studied reaction conditions. The activation energy was determined as a function of AsAc and Fe-cat ratios (38–79 kJ mol–1). Statistical modeling facilitated the prediction of rate constants. Thus, it was possible to adjust the reaction rate of emulsion copolymerizations of vinyl acetate and Versa10 in a broad temperature range (10–70 °C) by variation of the Fe-cat content.
Published: 2019
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22. In Vitro Endothelialization of Surface-Integrated Nanofiber Networks for Stretchable Blood Interfaces

Author: Weidenbacher, Lukas, Müller, Eike, Guex, Anne Géraldine, Zündel, Manuel, Schweizer, Peter, Marina, Vita, Adlhart, Christian, Vejsadová, Lucie, Pauer, Robin, Spiecker, Erdmann, Maniura-Weber, Katharina, Ferguson, Stephen J., Rossi, René M., Rottmar, Markus, and Fortunato, Giuseppino
Abstract: Despite major technological advances within the field of cardiovascular engineering, the risk of thromboembolic events on artificial surfaces in contact with blood remains a major challenge and limits the functionality of ventricular assist devices (VADs) during mid- or long-term therapy. Here, a biomimetic blood–material interface is created via a nanofiber-based approach that promotes the endothelialization capability of elastic silicone surfaces for next-generation VADs under elevated hemodynamic loads. A blend fiber membrane made of elastic polyurethane and low-thrombogenic poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) was partially embedded into the surface of silicone films. These blend membranes resist fundamental irreversible deformation of the internal structure and are stably attached to the surface, while also exhibiting enhanced antithrombotic properties when compared to bare silicone. The composite material supports the formation of a stable monolayer of endothelial cells within a pulsatile flow bioreactor, resembling the physiological in vivo situation in a VAD. The nanofiber surface modification concept thus presents a promising approach for the future design of advanced elastic composite materials that are particularly interesting for applications in contact with blood.
Published: 2019
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23. Normalizing fibromyalgia as a chronic illness

Author: Clauw, Daniel J., D’Arcy, Yvonne, Gebke, Kevin, Semel, David, Pauer, Lynne, and Jones, Kim D.
Abstract: ABSTRACTFibromyalgia (FM) is a complex chronic disease that affects 3–10% of the general adult population and is principally characterized by widespread pain, and is often associated with disrupted sleep, fatigue, and comorbidities, among other symptoms. There are many gaps in our knowledge of FM, such that, compared with other chronic illnesses including diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and asthma, it is far behind in terms of provider understanding and therapeutic approaches. The experience that healthcare professionals (HCPs) historically gained in developing approaches to manage and treat patients with these chronic illnesses may help show how they can address similar problems in patients with FM. In this review, we examine some of the issues around the management and treatment of FM, and discuss how HCPs can implement appropriate strategies for the benefit of patients with FM. These issues include understanding that FM is a legitimate condition, the benefits of prompt diagnosis, use of non-drug and pharmacotherapies, patient and HCP education, watchful waiting, and assessing patients by FM domain so as not to focus exclusively on one symptom to the detriment of others. Developing successful approaches is of particular importance for HCPs in the primary care setting who are in the ideal position to provide long-term care for patients with FM. In this way, FM may be normalized as a chronic illness to the benefit of both patients and HCPs.
Published: 2018
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24. Dose–response of pregabalin for diabetic peripheral neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, and fibromyalgia

Author: Arnold, Lesley M., McCarberg, Bill H., Clair, Andrew G., Whalen, Ed, Thomas, Neal, Jorga, Anamaria, Pauer, Lynne, Vissing, Richard, and Park, Peter W.
Abstract: ABSTRACTObjectives: The pregabalin dose–response for pain, Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC), and sleep quality measures in painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (pDPN), postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), and fibromyalgia (FM) is relevant for physicians treating these patients. This analysis aimed to demonstrate the dose–response of pregabalin for each indication and describe the onset (incidence), onset/continuation (prevalence), and resolution of adverse events (AEs) occurring during treatment.Methods: Data from 14 placebo-controlled, fixed-dose pregabalin trials in pDPN, PHN, and FM were pooled within each indication. Patients had mean baseline pain scores ≥6 on an 11-point numeric rating scale. A hyperbolic Emaxdose–response model examined the dose–response of pregabalin for pain, PGIC, and sleep quality. Safety assessments included onset and prevalence of common AEs each week, and resolution in the first 2 months of treatment.Results: In all indications, the likelihood of patients experiencing pain relief and improvements in PGIC and sleep quality increased in a dose-dependent manner with increasing doses. In all indications, new incidences of dizziness and somnolence were highest after 1 week of treatment, with few subsequent new reports at a given dose. Prevalence rates decreased steadily after 1 week of treatment. In FM, new onset weight gain emerged 6–8 weeks following treatment; prevalence rates generally increased then remained steady over time. With the exception of weight gain, many AEs resolved in month 1.Conclusion: The dose–response of pregabalin for pain, PGIC, and sleep quality was demonstrated, highlighting the benefit of achieving the maximum recommended dose of 300 mg/day for pDPN, 300–600 mg/day for PHN, and 300–450 mg/day for FM. Common AEs are generally seen within 1 week of starting treatment, with few subsequent new reports at a given dose. New onset weight gain occurs after 6 weeks of treatment, reinforcing the need for regular monitoring of weight.
Published: 2017
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25. No beneficiary principle for Liechtenstein’s discretionary trusts?

Author: Bösch, Harald and Pauer, Nada
Abstract: In recent court decisions in the Principality of Liechtenstein, it was held that the beneficiary principle does not apply to discretionary trusts. This is criticized by the authors, who argue that a correct understanding of Liechtenstein's trust code also entitles discretionary beneficiaries to request a court review.
Published: 2017
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26. Development Potentials and Strategic Objectives of Intelligent Transport Systems Improving Road Safety

Author: Pauer, Gábor
Abstract: Reducing the number of road accident victims is a declared purpose of the European Union. Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are able to contribute to this by warning and supporting the drivers, therefore improving road safety. The aim of our research was to analyze the safety aspects of ITS systems, structuring the solutions, analyzing and exploring the opportunities for development. Strategic objectives have been evaluated and relevant processes for achieving them have been summarized. The research efficiently contributes to the utilization of development potentials of ITS systems.
Published: 2017
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27. Polymer planar waveguide Bragg gratings: fabrication, characterization, and sensing applications

Author: García-Blanco, Sonia M., Nunzi Conti, Gualtiero, Rosenberger, M., Hessler, S., Pauer, H., Girschikofsky, M., Roth, G. L., Adelmann, B., Woern, H., Schmauss, B., and Hellmann, R.
Published: 2017
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28. Die Versorgung von Menschen mit seltenen Erkrankungen in Niedersachsen: Ergebnisse einer Ärztebefragung

Author: Pauer, Frédéric, Pflaum, Uljana, Lührs, Verena, Frank, Martin, and Graf von der Schulenburg, J.-Matthias
Abstract: In der Europäischen Union leiden etwa 30 Millionen Menschen an einer der 7.000 bis 8.000 seltenen Erkrankungen, von denen allein in Deutschland etwa vier Millionen Menschen betroffen sind. Bei seltenen Erkrankungen sind dabei nicht nur die Therapiemöglichkeiten, sondern auch das Wissen um die Erkrankungen unter den Medizinern stark begrenzt.
Published: 2016
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29. DEMAPPING WATERS BY DESIGN.

Author: PAUER, LUKAS
Abstract: The article focuses on the South China Sea, which has become the subject of contradictory territorial claims by countries close to it such as China. Topics include the artificial islands built by China in the South China Sea, the Spratly Islands archipelago of the South China Sea and its subsurface sea features, and the relevance of architecture in terms of a larger field of urbanization.
Published: 2015

30. Sub-aperture EUV collector with dual-wavelength spectral purity filter

Author: Wood, Obert R., Panning, Eric M., Feigl, Torsten, Perske, Marco, Pauer, Hagen, Fiedler, Tobias, Zeitner, Uwe, Leitel, Robert, Eckstein, Hans-Christoph, Schleicher, Philipp, Schröder, Sven, Trost, Marcus, Risse, Stefan, Steinkopf, Ralf, Scholze, Frank, and Laubis, Christian
Published: 2015
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31. Efficacy and Safety of Pregabalin in Patients with Fibromyalgia and Comorbid Depression Taking Concurrent Antidepressant Medication: A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Study

Author: Arnold, Lesley M., Sarzi-Puttini, Piercarlo, Arsenault, Pierre, Khan, Tahira, Bhadra Brown, Pritha, Clair, Andrew, Scavone, Joseph M., Driscoll, Joseph, Landen, Jaren, and Pauer, Lynne
Abstract: Objective.To assess pregabalin efficacy and safety in patients with fibromyalgia (FM) with comorbid depression taking concurrent antidepressant medication.Methods.This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, 2-period, 2-way crossover study was composed of two 6-week treatment periods separated by a 2-week taper/washout phase. Patients with FM (aged ≥ 18 yrs) taking a stable dose of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) or a serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) for depression were randomized 1:1 to receive pregabalin/placebo or placebo/pregabalin (optimized to 300 or 450 mg/day). Antidepressant medication was continued throughout the study. The primary efficacy outcome was the mean pain score on an 11-point numerical rating scale. Secondary efficacy outcomes included measures of anxiety, depression, patient function, and sleep.Results.Of 197 patients randomized to treatment, 181 and 177 received ≥ 1 dose of pregabalin and placebo, respectively. At baseline, 52.3% of patients were taking an SSRI and 47.7% an SNRI, and mean pain score was 6.7. Mean pain scores at endpoint were statistically significantly reduced with pregabalin (least squares mean difference from placebo −0.61, 95% CI −0.91 – −0.31, p = 0.0001). Pregabalin significantly improved Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety (difference −0.95, p < 0.0001) and -Depression (difference −0.88, p = 0.0005) scores, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire total score (difference −6.60, p < 0.0001), and sleep quality (difference 0.57, p < 0.0001), but not EuroQol 5-Dimensions score (difference 0.02, p = 0.3854). Pregabalin safety was consistent with previous studies and current product labeling.Conclusion.Compared with placebo, pregabalin statistically significantly improved FM pain and other symptoms in patients taking antidepressant medication for comorbid depression. ClinicalTrials.govidentifier: NCT01432236.
Published: 2015
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32. El español y las tecnologías de la comunicación: el español en la Red

Author: Sánchez, Mercedes and Pauer González, María Gabriela
Published: 2014
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33. VEGFA and VEGFR2 Gene Polymorphisms and Response to Anti–Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy: Comparison of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials (CATT)

Author: Hagstrom, Stephanie A., Ying, Gui-shuang, Pauer, Gayle J. T., Sturgill-Short, Gwen M., Huang, Jiayan, Maguire, Maureen G., and Martin, Daniel F.
Abstract: IMPORTANCE Individual variation in response and duration of anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy is seen among patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Identification of genetic markers that affect clinical response may result in optimization of anti-VEGF therapy. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the pharmacogenetic relationship between genotypes of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the VEGF signaling pathway and response to treatment with ranibizumab or bevacizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In total, 835 of 1149 patients (72.7%) participating in the Comparison of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials (CATT) at 43 CATT clinical centers. INTERVENTION Each patient was genotyped for 7 SNPs in VEGFA (rs699946, rs699947, rs833069, rs833070, rs1413711, rs2010963, and rs2146323) and 1 SNP in VEGFR2 (rs2071559) using TaqMan SNP genotyping assays. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Genotypic frequencies were compared with clinical measures of response to therapy at 1 year, including the mean visual acuity, mean change in visual acuity, at least a 15-letter increase, retinal thickness, mean change in total foveal thickness, presence of fluid on optical coherence tomography, presence of leakage on fluorescein angiography, mean change in lesion size, and mean number of injections administered. Differences in response by genotype were evaluated with tests of linear trend calculated from logistic regression models for categorical outcomes and linear regression models for continuous outcomes. The method of controlling the false discovery rate was used to adjust for multiple comparisons. RESULTS For each of the measures of visual acuity evaluated, no association was observed with any of the genotypes or with the number of risk alleles. Four VEGFA SNPs demonstrated an association with retinal thickness: rs699947 (P = .03), rs833070 (P = .04), rs1413711 (P = .045), and rs2146323 (P = .006). However, adjusted P values for these associations were all statistically nonsignificant (range, P = .24 to P = .45). Among the participants in 2 as-needed groups, no association was found in the number of injections among the different genotypes or for the total number of risk alleles. The effect of risk alleles on each clinical measure did not differ by treatment group, drug, or dosing regimen (P > .01 for all). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study provides evidence that no pharmacogenetic associations exist between the studied VEGFA and VEGFR2 SNPs and response to anti-VEGF therapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00593450
Published: 2014
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34. Lifetime and refurbishment of multilayer LPP collector mirrors

Author: Naulleau, Patrick P., Feigl, Torsten, Perske, Marco, Pauer, Hagen, Fiedler, Tobias, Yulin, Sergiy, Kaiser, Norbert, Tünnermann, Andreas, Böwering, Norbert R., Ershov, Alex I., de Dea, Silvia, Hoffmann, Kay, La Fontaine, Bruno, Fomenkov, Igor V., and Brandt, David C.
Published: 2013
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35. A Symposium on Nazi Law

Author: Benson, Carolyn, Fink, Julian, Critch, Raymond, Pauer-Studer, Herlinde, Fraser, David, Rundle, Kristen, Benson, Carolyn, and Fink, Julian
Published: 2012
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36. An International, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Phase III Trial of Pregabalin Monotherapy in Treatment of Patients with Fibromyalgia

Author: PAUER, LYNNE, WINKELMANN, ANDREAS, ARSENAULT, PIERRE, JESPERSEN, ANDERS, WHELAN, LAURENCE, ATKINSON, GARY, LEON, TERESA, and ZEIHER, BERNHARDT
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pregabalin monotherapy versus placebo for symptomatic pain relief and improvement of patient global assessment in patients with fibromyalgia (FM) enrolled from countries outside the United States. METHODS: This international, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial randomly assigned 747 patients with FM to placebo or 300, 450, or 600 mg/day pregabalin twice daily for 14 weeks. Primary efficacy measures were endpoint mean pain scores and Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC). Secondary outcomes included assessments of sleep and function. RESULTS: Patients in the 450 mg/day pregabalin group showed significant improvements versus placebo in endpoint mean pain score (–0.56; p = 0.0132), PGIC (73% improved vs 56% placebo; p = 0.0017), and function [Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) total score –5.85; p = 0.0012]. PGIC was also significant for 600 mg/day pregabalin (69% improved; p = 0.0227). Results for these endpoints were nonsignificant for pregabalin at 300 mg/day and for pain and FIQ score at 600 mg/day. Early onset of pain relief was seen, with separation from placebo detected by Week 1 in all pregabalin groups. All pregabalin doses demonstrated superiority to placebo on the Medical Outcomes Study-Sleep Scale Sleep Disturbance subscale and the Sleep Quality diary. Dizziness and somnolence were the most frequently reported adverse events. CONCLUSION: Pregabalin demonstrated modest efficacy in pain, global assessment, and function in FM at 450 mg/day, and improved sleep across all dose levels, but it did not provide consistent evidence of benefit at 300 and 600 mg/day in this study. Pregabalin was generally well tolerated for the treatment of FM. (Clinical trial registry NCT00333866).
Published: 2011

37. Effect of Sodium dodecyl sulfate on the Mass Transfer Rate between Styrene and Water

Author: Katzer, Johannes, Pauer, Werner, and Moritz, Hans‐Ulrich
Abstract: Summary:The effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the mass transfer rate between styrene and water has been investigated. SDS increases the solubility of styrene in water even below the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and therefore increases the thermodynamic driving force for the mass transfer. The mass transfer coefficient however is not altered by SDS, even if the interface is almost saturated with emulsifier.
Published: 2011
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38. Experimental Investigation and Numerical Simulation of Spray Processes

Author: Laackmann, Julian, Säckel, Winfried, Cepelyte, Lina, Walag, Kamil, Sedelmayer, Robert, Keller, Franz, Pauer, Werner, Moritz, Hans‐Ulrich, and Nieken, Ulrich
Abstract: Summary:Acoustic levitation was investigated as a model for spray processes. The influence of different parameters on the drying process of aqueous polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solutions was studied and compared to the evaporation of water. The adequacy of acoustic levitation as model for spray processes was demonstrated. Experiments with water and aqueous PVP solutions indicated no dependency of the droplet size on the drying process for droplets with a diameter between 300 µm and 1.5 mm. Particles dried in an acoustic levitator displayed good accordance of morphology with those obtained in a spray tower. Surprisingly the addition of PVP to water resulted in faster evaporation of the solvent. Mathematical models of single droplets within a spray process typically refer to spherically symmetric droplet geometries. The simulation of other morphologies and their evolution throughout the process is still very challenging. A new drying model based on a fully three‐dimensional meshfree approach is under development and shows good agreement to basic established models regarding the drying of a single droplet.
Published: 2011
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39. Kollektorbeschichtungen für die EUV‐Lithografie

Author: Perske, Marco, Pauer, Hagen, Yulin, Sergiy, Trost, Marcus, Schröder, Sven, Duparré, Angela, Feigl, Torsten, and Kaiser, Norbert
Abstract: Die Extrem‐Ultraviolett‐Lithografie (EUVL) bei einer Wellenlänge von 13,5 nm (14‐mal kleiner als bei aktuellen Lithografiesystemen) stellt eine innovative Methode dar, integrierte Schaltkreise mit strukturbreiten ≤ 22 nm herzustellen [1]. Die vorliegende Arbeit demonstriert die erfolgreiche Beschichtung des derzeit weltgrößten Kollektorspiegels für die EUVL mit einem Durchmesser von 660 mm (Abb. 1). Um den geforderten Reflexionsgrad von mehr als 65 % auf dem Kollektor zu realisieren, wurde dieser mit einem hochreflektierenden Interferenzschichtsystem versehen. Die Beschichtung ist mittels DC‐Magnetronsputtertechnologie an der Beschichtungsanlage „NESSY”︁ durchgeführt worden. Der erzielte Reflexionsgrad lag bei mehr als 65 % für Radien bis zu 220 mm. Für Radien zwischen 230 mm und 320 mm nahm der Reflexionsgrad auf 58 % ab. Die angestrebte Wellenlänge blieb über die gesamte Kollektoroberfläche konstant bei (13,50 ± 0,05) nm und liegt somit innerhalb der Spezifikation für die kommerzielle Nutzung.
Published: 2010
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40. Assessing Susceptibility to Age-related Macular Degeneration with Proteomic and Genomic Biomarkers

Author: Gu, Jiayin, Pauer, Gayle J. T., Yue, Xiuzhen, Narendra, Umadevi, Sturgill, Gwen M., Bena, James, Gu, Xiaorong, Peachey, Neal S., Salomon, Robert G., Hagstrom, Stephanie A., and Crabb, John W.
Abstract: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive disease and major cause of severe visual loss. Toward the discovery of tools for early identification of AMD susceptibility, we evaluated the combined predictive capability of proteomic and genomic AMD biomarkers. We quantified plasma carboxyethylpyrrole (CEP) oxidative protein modifications and CEP autoantibodies by ELISA in 916 AMD and 488 control donors. CEP adducts are uniquely generated from oxidation of docosahexaenoate-containing lipids that are abundant in the retina. Mean CEP adduct and autoantibody levels were found to be elevated in AMD plasma by ∼60 and ∼30%, respectively. The odds ratio for both CEP markers elevated was 3-fold greater or more in AMD than in control patients. Genotyping was performed for AMD risk polymorphisms associated with age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 (ARMS2), high temperature requirement factor A1 (HTRA1), complement factor H, and complement C3, and the risk of AMD was predicted based on genotype alone or in combination with the CEP markers. The AMD risk predicted for those exhibiting elevated CEP markers and risk genotypes was 2–3-fold greater than the risk based on genotype alone. AMD donors carrying the ARMS2 and HTRA1 risk alleles were the most likely to exhibit elevated CEP markers. The results compellingly demonstrate higher mean CEP marker levels in AMD plasma over a broad age range. Receiver operating characteristic curves suggest that CEP markers alone can discriminate between AMD and control plasma donors with ∼76% accuracy and in combination with genomic markers provide up to ∼80% discrimination accuracy. Plasma CEP marker levels were altered slightly by several demographic and health factors that warrant further study. We conclude that CEP plasma biomarkers, particularly in combination with genomic markers, offer a potential early warning system for assessing susceptibility to this blinding, multifactorial disease.
Published: 2009

41. Friction Induces Anisotropic Propulsion in Sliding Magnetic Microtriangles

Author: Junot, Gaspard, Leyva, Sergi G., Pauer, Christoph, Calero, Carles, Pagonabarraga, Ignacio, Liedl, Tim, Tavacoli, Joe, and Tierno, Pietro
Abstract: In viscous fluids, motile microentities such as bacteria or artificial swimmers often display different transport modes than macroscopic ones. A current challenge in the field aims at using friction asymmetry to steer the motion of microscopic particles. Here we show that lithographically shaped magnetic microtriangles undergo a series of complex transport modes when driven by a precessing magnetic field, including a surfing-like drift close to the bottom plane. In this regime, we exploit the triangle asymmetric shape to obtain a transversal drift which is later used to transport the microtriangle in any direction along the plane. We explain this friction-induced anisotropic sliding with a minimal numerical model capable to reproduce the experimental results. Due to the flexibility offered by soft-lithographic sculpturing, our method to guide anisotropic-shaped magnetic microcomposites can be potentially extended to many other field responsive structures operating in fluid media.
Published: 2022
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42. Solvent-Free One-Pot Synthesis of Epoxy Nanocomposites Containing Mg(OH)2Nanocrystal–Nanoparticle Formation Mechanism

Author: Branda, Francesco, Passaro, Jessica, Pauer, Robin, Gaan, Sabyasachi, and Bifulco, Aurelio
Abstract: Epoxy nanocomposites containing Mg(OH)2nanocrystals (MgNCs, 5.3 wt %) were produced via an eco-friendly “solvent-free one-pot” process. X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirm the presence of well-dispersed MgNCs. HRTEM reveals the presence also of multisheet-silica-based nanoparticles and a tendency of MgNCs to intergrow, leading to complex nanometric structures with an intersheet size of ∼0.43 nm, which is in agreement with the lattice spacing of the Mg(OH)2(001) planes. The synthesis of MgNCs was designed on the basis of a mechanism initially proposed for the preparation of multisheet-silica-based/epoxy nanocomposites. The successful “in situ” generation of MgNCs in the epoxy via a “solvent-free one-pot” process confirms the validity of the earlier disclosed mechanism and thus opens up possibilities of new NCs with different fillers and polymer matrix. The condition would be the availability of a nanoparticle precursor soluble in the hydrophobic resin, giving the desired phase through hydrolysis and polycondensation.
Published: 2022
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43. Comparing Methods for Calculating the Heat Flow Rate of Reactions in Different Bench‐Scale Calorimeters

Author: Gaulke, Arnd‐Lüder, Pauer, Werner, and Moritz, Hans‐Ulrich
Abstract: Summary:A transfer function of the RC1e™ (Mettler‐Toledo) calorimeter was obtained by calibration with a heating cartridge. With this function it was possible to determine the heat flow rate and total heat of different polymerization reactions. The calorimeter operates in isothermal as well as in isoperibolic mode. Additionally, 1‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone and acrylic acid were polymerized in a three‐neck flask. In this common laboratory device the heat flow rate was obtained by using a transfer function calculated by calibration with a heating cartridge. Thus, the heat of polymerization can be obtained without using a calorimeter and without solving the heat balance equation.
Published: 2007
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44. Temperature and pH Dependency of Copolymerization Parameters of Acrylic Acid and 2‐Hydroxypropyl Acrylate

Author: Blaszk, Christoph, Grünitz, Jan, Möller, Maike, Pauer, Werner, Moritz, Hans‐Ulrich, and Schwede, Christian
Abstract: Summary:Since copolymerization parameters of acrylic acid (AA) and 2‐hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA) in aqueous solutions are scarcely investigated a new method and different experimental setups were developed to run copolymerization experiments at different temperatures and pH values. The experiments were done with UV‐ or azo‐ initiation and analyzed by residual monomer analytics with HPLC and GPC methods. Based on the data obtained the conversion and copolymerization parameters were calculated with different mathematical models.
Published: 2007
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45. Characterization of Mixing Efficiency in Polymerization Reactors Using Competitive‐Parallel Reactions

Author: Kunowa, Kathrin, Schmidt‐Lehr, Sebastian, Pauer, Werner, Moritz, Hans‐Ulrich, and Schwede, Christian
Abstract: Summary:In this article particular attention is paid to processes of mixing fluids with different viscosities relevant for polymerization where the reaction is fast and mixing is the limiting factor. Apart from this, mixing fluids with different viscosities is still one of the challenging tasks in industrial chemistry. Therefore, the characterization of mixing elements is another important topic.
Published: 2007
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46. Process Intensification of Emulsion Polymerization in the Continuous TaylorReactor

Author: Rüttgers, Dana, Negoita, Iuliana, Pauer, Werner, and Moritz, Hans‐Ulrich
Abstract: Summary:Process intensification is investigated by the emulsion polymerization of styrene in the continuous Taylorreactor. The result is an increase in space time yield up to a factor 200 in comparison to a semi‐batch polymerization process. This is obtained by a fast emulsion polymerization with a mean residence time, which is reduced to 60 seconds. The article presented the results of the process and the economical aspects of the Taylorreactor plant.
Published: 2007
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47. Paola Pacchioni-Becker: Matelda e il Paradiso terrestre nella »Commedia« di Dante Alighieri, Frankfurt am Main [et. al.], Peter Lang 2004 (Studien und Dokumente zur Geschichte der Romanischen Literaturen; 53), 198 S

Author: Pauer, Monika
Published: 2006
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48. Continuous Reactor Concepts with Superimposed Secondary Flow – Polymerization Process Intensification

Author: Pauer, Werner and Moritz, Hans‐Ulrich
Abstract: Different unconventional continuous polymerization reactor concepts with superimposed secondary flow are presented. Exemplary polymerization reactions and the residence time distributions are discussed. In the case of the Taylor reactor polymerization process intensification is demonstrated by examples of emulsion and micro‐emulsion polymerization which actually results in an increase in space time yield of up to a factor of 50.
Published: 2006
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49. Urethral hypermobility after anti-incontinence surgery—a prognostic indicator?

Author: Viereck, Volker, Pauer, Hans-Ulrich, Hesse, Oda, Bader, Werner, Tunn, Ralf, Lange, Rainer, Hilgers, Reinhard, and Emons, Günter
Abstract: Abstract: The aim of this study was to define the concept of hypermobility of the bladder neck and determine its effects on the cure rate and postoperative complications in patients undergoing colposuspension. In a retrospective study, 310 patients who underwent primary colposuspension for urodynamically proven genuine stress urinary incontinence were assessed by introital ultrasound before surgery and during follow-up for up to 48 months postoperatively. A total of 152 women completed 48 months of follow-up. Mobility of the bladder neck during straining was described as linear dorsocaudal movement (LDM) with LDM >15 mm being defined as hypermobility. The overall objective cure rate was 90.0% at 6-month follow-up vs 76.8% at 48-month follow-up (Kaplan–Meier estimators). Urge symptoms occurred in 12.6% (39/310) of the women and de novo urge incontinence in 2.3% (7/310). Bladder neck hypermobility was significantly reduced after anti-incontinence surgery, from 67.1% (208/310) before surgery to 5.5% (17/310) immediately after surgery (P<0.0001). Postoperative hypermobility was associated with a higher recurrence rate. In the hypermobility group, 52.9 and 34.0% of the patients were continent for up to 6 and 48 months, respectively, as opposed to 92.2 and 79.2% in the group without hypermobility (P<0.0001). Women with postoperative hypermobility had a 3.2-fold higher risk of recurrence within 48 months. Bladder neck hypermobility after surgery was also associated with postoperative voiding difficulty (P=0.0278). Patients in whom hypermobility of the bladder neck diagnosed before surgery persists after colposuspension have a higher risk of recurrence and are more likely to develop postoperative complications than those without this hypermobility.
Published: 2006
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50. Using the Transfer Function of an Isoperibolic Reaction Calorimeter for Thermo‐kinetic Analysis

Author: Gaulke, Arnd‐Lüder, Pauer, Werner, and Moritz, Hans‐Ulrich
Abstract: It is an aim of the present work to determine the chemical heat flow rate of a reaction without explicitly solving the heat balance equations. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the heat flow rate directly from the temperature course of an experimentally determined reaction. For this transformation the transfer function of the calorimeter is needed1. An isoperibol reaction calorimeter was used for the experiments. With different calibrations and gained transfer functions, it is shown that the chemical heat flow rate can be determined from the temperature course of a reaction. The evaluation is fast and easy to use, which improves automation and prevents possible input errors.
Published: 2006
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