Search

The article reviews the photography exhibition "Juergen Teller: I Need to Live", by Juergen Teller, in Paris, France, from December 16, 2023, to January 9, 2024.

ABSTRACT:It has been common to associate Victorian speculative literature—a broad literary genre characterized by supernatural, fantastical, or futuristic themes—with liberal religious movements, such as deism. Despite the cultural significance of evangelicalism during the Victorian era, evangelical works have been excluded from the genre. The late religious works of Philip Henry Gosse, especially his collection The Mysteries of God (1884), expand our understanding of speculative literature in late 19th-century British culture. At a time when the rapid pace of political, scientific, and technological developments spurred Jules Verne and H. G. Wells to imagine the future of human civilization, evangelicals such as Gosse turned an alternative speculative lens on the deep future. In essays such as "The Colonization of Worlds" and "The New Jerusalem," Gosse fused emergent narratives of secular progress and technological mastery with older eschatological traditions anticipating the millennial reign of Christ. While many late-Victorian evangelicals abandoned postmillennial hope for premillennial anxiety, Gosse exuded confidence in his ability to harmonize biblical literalism with speculative schemes of interplanetary colonization directed by Providence. This visionary spirit drew upon habits of spiritual eclecticism common to 19th-century evangelicalism, which combined biblical literalism, natural science, poetic imagination, and even esoteric traditions, such as pyramidology. Gosse's writings also illuminate broader cultural tensions of the period, between Romanticism and rationalism, observation and imagination, naturalism and supernaturalism, revelation and naturalism. For all of these reasons, his fantastic and idiosyncratic literary visions deserve to be remembered alongside other works of Victorian speculative literature.

Abstract

AbstractThe European zoanthid (Cnidaria: Zoanthidea) Isozoanthus sulcatus(Gosse, 1859), hitherto of uncertain taxonomic position, is redescribed. Zoanthus sulcatusGosse, 1859 (≅ Isozoanthus sulcatus(Gosse, 1859)), one of the species originally included in the genus TaeniothoaAndres, 1883, is here designated as its type species, making it a senior subjective synonym of IsozoanthusCarlgren inChun, Nevertheless, according to the rule of reversal of precedence, the better-known name Isozoanthusmust take priority over Taeniothoa. A colony has small (2–3 mm diameter, 5–10 mm high) brown polyps (up to ≈17 cm-2) and an irregular bandlike or reticular coenenchyme. Each polyp has ≈16–30 (most often 20–24) short, blunt tentacles (total span ≈5 mm) in two usually equal cycles, each primary tentacle corresponding with a marginal tooth. Clarification of this positional relationship between tentacles and teeth has now settled the taxonomic position of I. sulcatus. The sulci are sharply defined, but shallow; no scapular ridges are present. The cnidome comprises spirocysts, holotrichs, microbasic p-mastigophores, microbasic b-mastigophores and basitrichs. The brown colour of the polyps is due to endodermal zooxanthellae, which may be expelled under adverse conditions. Bright silvery markings on the disk and marginal teeth are due to tiny sand grains embedded in the ectoderm. The habitat is in shallow water, from about mid-tide level down to ≈42 m, on sublittoral, horizontal silt-covered rocks, empty mollusc shells, etc., or intertidally with other epibiota in rock-pools. Polyps are orientated upwards and open when exposed to the light. New records are given, including the first for Portugal, which extends the previously known geographical distribution southwards by about 700 km. I. sulcatushas been recorded only from the North-east Atlantic, on the coasts of Norway (Skagerrak), Denmark (Limfjord), Ireland, the United Kingdom, the Channel Islands, western France and Portugal. Being of cryptic habit and often sublittoral, it is much commoner than generally believed.

The ephemeral paper wrappers on parts issues of scientific journals and books are often valuable for establishing publication dates and other bibliographical details. It seems to be less well known that wrappers sometimes also carry primary text that was not reprinted within the pages proper of the publication when it was reissued as a complete volume. Examples of such parts issue wrappers from the journal, The zoologist, and the book, A manual of British butterflies and moths(by H.T. Stainton) are given herein. This recognition led to the discovery of three unrecorded publications (short letters) by P. H. Gosse on the wrappers of two issues of The zoologistfor 1860. They were not reprinted in the definitive volume for the year, nor were they listed in the index. Hence, they are untraceable in runs of The zoologistwithout wrappers bound in. To facilitate the accurate bibliographical description of material printed on wrappers of parts issues of journals and books, a scheme is proposed for the notional pagination of wrappers to distinguish them, when necessary, from the text proper.

Vertical distribution of the rotifer Keratella cochlearis in stratified water columns of mesotrophic and eutrophic lakes during summer stagnation has been studied. Coexisting morphs K. cochlearis hispida (Lauterborn, 1898), K. c. tecta (Gosse, 1851) and K. c. cochlearis (Gosse, 1851) inhabit different layers in the water column and are vertically subdivided. The distribution of morph abundance and reproductive potential indicate that substitution of morphs within the vertical water column may be due to trophic conditions. The maximum population productivity is observed at the epi-metalimnion border. The maximum density zone lies below the zone of the highest productivity. The principle of ‘sliced functioning’ is used to explain the adaptive significance of the morphological structure of populations under heterogeneous environmental conditions.

The formerly little-known burrowing sea anemone Isoedwardsia lucifuga (Fischer) has been rediscovered in several localities. A study of this species has shown that it is conspecific with Scolanthus callimorphus Gosse, which has until now been confused with a common species of Edwardsia. This has resulted in the following nomenclatural changes: (1) Scolanthus callimorphus Gosse, 1853 is recognized as a valid species with a number of junior synonyms, including I. lucifuga. (2) The genera Isoedwardsia Carlgren, 1921 and Alfredus Schmidt, 1979 are shown to be junior synonyms of Scolanthus Gosse, 1853. (3) Edwardsia claparedii (Panceri, 1869) is now regarded as the valid name of the anemone hitherto known as E. callimorpha.A full synonymy and brief description of S. callimorphus are provided, together with notes on its burrowing behaviour.

Philip Henry Gosse (1810–1888) was one of the most popular naturalists of the Victorian era. Not only is he recognized as the co-inventor of the marine aquarium, and for initiating the marine biology craze that swept England during the 1850s, but he is remembered for a series of popular natural history books that opened up a new field of scientific literature. Gosse is probably best known for his opposition to evolutionary theory, notably in his book Omphalos(1857), the publication of which was dramatically documented in his son's book Father and Son(1907). Yet what is most remarkable about Gosse is the fact that he was a completely self-educated naturalist. This paper examines his development as a naturalist during his stay in Newfoundland and Lower Canada, over the period 1827–38. In addition the books he produced during these years, namely the unpublished Entomologia Terrae Novaeand The Canadian Naturalist, are reassessed and their importance in the development of Canadian science discussed. Finally, Gosse's religious development during these years is also examined in an attempt to understand the reasons behind his subsequent rejection of evolutionism.

The evidence for a significant Neoglacial ice advance in the Rio Atuel valley has important consequences for the paleoclimatic interpretation, i. e. the climatic history of this transitional region between the Patagonian humid zone of the westerlies and the semiarid to arid subtropical zone of the High Andes of Cuyo. Therefore the discussion of this topic, partly initiated by our publication (Stingl & Garleff 1978), continued by further investigations (Garleff & Stingl 1984 etc.) and the above mentioned investigation of Gosse & Evenson, may find some interest. A fundamental question in the argumentation of Gosse & Evenson is the interpretation of forms and materials damming up a mid-Holocene lake in the Atuel valley as debris slides, whereas we are convinced that essential parts of these phenomena are of glacial origin.

The orthopyroxenes of Gosse Pile, a layered ultramafic sequence within the Giles Complex of central Australia, show unusual exsolution features such as the development of 'hour-glass' shapes by clinopyroxene lamellae, and also the exsolution of spinel and rutile. Both orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene have high R2O3 contents and their distribution coefficients for Mg and Fe are high (average KD = 0.88). Some, if not all, of these features are considered to indicate that the Gosse Pile rocks crystallized under high pressure. This interpretation also explains the predominance of orthopyroxene over olivine as an early cumulus phase. Estimated conditions during crystallization are 10-14 kilobars and between 1,200-l,400°C.

An investigation of plagioclases from the Gosse Pile ultramafic layered intrusion has shown a negative correlation between strontium and anorthite content, irrespective of rock type or whether the plagioclases are cumulus or intercumulus. This general trend is regarded as reflecting the relative ease of entry of strontium into the plagioclase lattice with change in composition.Comparison of G values (Smith & Gay, 1958) of these plagioclases with those from other layered intrusions has shown that G values, measured using unheated plagioclases, cannot be used to construct a universal determinative curve. However, G values measured on heated samples can be used to determine indirectly compositions between about An45 and An86, irrespective of the source of the feldspar.The rocks from Gosse Pile show the development of antiperthite, an unusual and rare feature in layered basic intrusions, so far found only in parts of the Giles Complex. Although the cause of this is not known, especially as the K2O contents are comparable with those of "normal" plagioclases from other layered intrusions, it is suggested that high pressure may be a significant factor in promoting the exsolution of potassium feldspar.

Abstract: The existence of separated forms within the population of Keratella cochlearis (Gosse) from Lake Plusee was demonstrated on the basis of a biometric analysis. The morphs cochlearis, hispida and tecta were definitely not connected by transitional forms. Micracantha and tecta were not links of a macracantha-micracantha-tecta-series. Hence, the general validity of Lauterborn-cycles is questioned. In this connection, the taxonomy of this species is also involved, because it is derived from the idea of phenotypic cycles in the sense of Lauterborn.

Keratella cochlearis (Gosse) was cultured non-axenically in Carefoot medium diluted with Erken water at 5 °C, 15 °C and 20 °C with Rhodomonas minuta (Skuja) as a food alga. The rotifer reached ca. 120 ind. ml-1, having generation times of 2–7 days, a Q10-value of ca. 2, and at the lowest temperature >20% longer posterior spines. When co-cultured with Chlorella sp., at 0–30 mg Ca l-1 and 1.6 meq NaHCO3 l-1 in medium L 11 at 20 °C, the maximum generation time and individual numbers were 3–4 days and up to 100 ind. ml-1, respectively. Animal numbers increased in relation to nutrient multiples, up to two multiples, of the culture medium L 16. Growth and length were reduced, although the width increased above two multiples of this culture medium. The trace metal tolerance was broad and increased additions of a metal mixture (L 11) slightly increased the length of the rotifers. No major changes in the length were observed when HCO3 or Ca were varied in the culture medium (L 11), although a decrease in the length was noted in old cultures.

Evidence is presented for the primary high pressure crystallization of the Ewarara, Kalka and Gosse Pile layered intrusions which form part of the Giles Complex in central Australia. These pressures are estimated at 10 to 12 kb. The high pressure characteristics include subsolidus reactions between olivine and plagioclase, orthopyroxene and plagioclase, and orthopyroxene and spinel; spinel and rutile exsolution in both ortho- and clino-pyroxene; spinel exsolution in plagioclase; high Al2O3 and Cr2O3 contents of both ortho- and clinopyroxene; high AlVI in clinopyroxene; dominance of orthopyroxene as an early crystallizing phase; high distribution coefficients for co-existing pyroxene pairs; and thin chilled margins. Such phenomena are rare in documented layered basic intrusions.

During a monitoring programme the diet composition of Asplanchna priodontawas studied. Samples were collected every month from the deepest part of the Dobczycki dam reservoir (Southern Poland). The diet of A. priodonta, which included colonial cyanobacteria, diatoms, dinoflagelates and protozoa, indicated that it is both a grazer and a predator. These results support the hypothesis that A. priodontais an opportunistic feeder. Additionally these results include the first observations of the protozoan Tintinnopsissp. as a food source of Asplanchna.

Mapping has shown Gosse Pile, a near-vertical uitramafic part of the Giles Complex, to be a multiple intrusion. The first rocks form a layered sequence of cumulates, dominated by orthopyroxenite, in which cyclic units can be recognised. Following deformation, which has removed most of the more felsic units of the layered sequence, there have been intrusions of noritic rocks, including mafic pegmatites, picrites and several generations of dolerite.

The population dynamics of phytoplankton and zooplankton in a fertilized enclosure were studied from April 1977 to June 1978. During the first spring period, the rotifers Keratella cochlearis, Kellicottia longispina, and Polyarthra vulgaris were scarce. During the following spring, all three species were abundant. An attempt is made to explain these differences. Food resource competition from cladocerans, and the low food quality and possible inhibitory effects of Coccomyxa sp. were found to be the most likely factors limiting the growth of these rotifers during the first spring period.

Keratella cochlearisand K. earlinaewere found to coexist in a shallow eutrophic lake in western Canada. Differences between the two populations were found with respect to size, shape, seasonal abundance, birth rate, and vertical distribution. Results suggest that the two populations represent stable species and not ecophenotypes as suggested by recent literature.

Keratella cochlearis occurs over the complete latitudinal range of Africa, and over a considerable altitudinal range, but not in the highest mountain tarns. Physical, chemical, and biological factors may affect the distribution of this species. Lack of suitable food, and competition or predation by larger zooplankters are probably important limiting factors. Morphometric variation in samples from Zimbabwe is much less than in samples from the Auvergne. In particular, posterior spine length shows a much lower relative growth in relation to lorica size.

Procedures for the continuous laboratory culture of Keratella cochlearis in a defined medium and upon an algal food are described. Culturing success appears to be a function of food availability as well as composition. This availability requirement is satisfied by the use of test tubes and inverted titration plate concavities as culture vessels. The satisfactory culture medium contains an ammonia compound as a nitrogen source.

The length of the lorica (LL) of Keratella cochlearis cochlearis and of K. cochlearis tecta and the length of posterior spine (PSL) of the latter morphotype were measured in the strongly eutrophic basin and also in the mesotrophic basin of Lake Biwa, Japan, from September to December, 1980. In the population from the mesotrophic basin, the individuals with longer PSL prevail and the tecta forms are extremely rare. The LL values of both morphotypes from one sample do not differ. In December the LL increased to 95 µm in both morphotypes from 80 µm observed in September, while the PSL values decreased abrubtly in both basins in the middle of this period. It is suggested that the observed increase of LL could be related to the thermic factor, i.e. a steady decrease of water temperature, and the changes of PSL are correlated with the increase of nannoplankton and detritus aggregates noted in November. In this month an increase in fecundity and in the total numbers of rotifers took place as well (Hillbricht-Ilkowska, in press).

The papal bull Universalis Ecclesiaeof 1850 set up a hierarchy of bishops with ordinary power to replace the vicars apostolic who had ruled the catholic church in England since 1688. It stated explicitly that the new bishops were to have all the necessary powers to rule their dioceses in the same way as titular bishops elsewhere, and it spoke clearly about the resumption of the ‘common law of the church’ in England. Yet the commitment of the Roman authorities to a fully independent hierarchy was not wholehearted. The church in England was to remain under the aegis of the Congregation of the Propagation of the Faith (Propaganda), whose normal brief was to look after missionary territories not stable enough to have properly constituted hierarchies. According to the bull, the English bishops were to send regular reports on the state of their dioceses to Rome, and were to be diligent in informing Propaganda ‘of everything which they shall think profitable for the spiritual good of their flocks’.

A culture containing the rotifer Keratella cochlearis was divided into two aliquots, one reared at + 20°C and the second at + 5°C, all other conditions being identical. The experimentl lasted 74 days. At 20°C the animals did not undergo any noticeable morphological changes, while at 5°C the posterior spines grew longer, a development which had nearly reached its maximum as early as 30 days after the experiment began, i.e. after very few generations. The experiment shows that the temperature (and its direct consequences, such as slower growth) plays an important role in causing seasonal morphological variation in this rotifer. The results are in accordance with field experience as well as with culture experiments on other brachionid rotifers.

This article from History Ireland examines the concept of "whiteness" in Ireland after gaining independence. It acknowledges that Irish leaders and public discourse often perpetuated racist attitudes and language, while also recognizing that overt racism was viewed as un-Irish by many in Irish society. The article also explores the complex relationship between Irish Americans and African Americans, with some Irish Americans either ignoring or supporting Jim Crow segregation in the United States. It presents a nuanced view of racism in Ireland, acknowledging its presence while also highlighting instances of anti-colonialism and admiration for individual African Americans. The article emphasizes the importance of acknowledging and addressing the legacies of racial exclusion in both the US and Ireland. [Extracted from the article]

The article provides information on the most powerful church tower of Zurich, Switzerland with small terrace, church bells and piano music.

The first specimens from the west coast of Scotland of the lysianassid amphipod Acidostoma neglectum Dahl are recorded, and the distribution of this species is mapped. The two specimens, from Loch Ewe, Wester Ross, and Kames Bay, Millport, were collected in association with the anthozoan Peachia hastata Gosse, thus adding further evidence to support recent suggestions that members of the genus Acidostoma are ectoparasites of anthozoans.

AbstractCrohn’s disease patients frequently develop perianal fistulas during their life. They are also at higher risk to develop cancers. Rarely, those cancers appear within a prior chronic fistula. The main types are adenocarcinoma mostly mucinous and squamous cell carcinoma. They are generally discovered at an advanced stage with a poor prognosis because symptoms are generally the same as those of the fistula itself. Regular follow-up of chronic fistulas is then important for an early diagnosis as well as histological analysis of the fistula during surgery. There is no consensus on the ideal treatment but abdominoperineal resection is the corner stone with or without neo or adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy. This paper presents a rare case of mucinous adenocarcinoma in a chronic perianal fistula in a Crohn’s disease female and provides a review of the literature.