Author: "Otterlund, I" / Publication Type: Magazines - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

1. Heavy ion collisions at collider energies—Insights from PHENIX

Author: Drees, A., Adcox, K., Adler, S. S., Ajitanand, N. N., Akiba, Y., Alexander, J., Aphecetche, L., Arai, Y., Aronson, S. H., Averbeck, R., Awes, T. C., Barish, K. N., Barnes, P. D., Barrette, J., Bassalleck, B., Bathe, S., Baublis, V., Bazilevsky, A., Belikov, S., Bellaiche, F. G., Belyaev, S. T., Bennett, M. J., Berdnikov, Y., Botelho, S., Brooks, M. L., Brown, D. S., Bruner, N., Bucher, D., Buesching, H., Bumazhnov, V., Bunce, G., Burward-Hoy, J., Butsyk, S., Carey, T. A., Chand, P., Chang, J., Chang, W. C., Chavez, L. L., Chernichenko, S., Chi, C. Y., Chiba, J., Chiu, M., Choudhury, R. K., Christ, T., Chujo, T., Chung, M. S., Chung, P., Cianciolo, V., Cole, B. A., D’Enterria, D. G., David, G., Delagrange, H., Denisov, A., Deshpande, A., Desmond, E. J., Dietzsch, O., Dinesh, B. V., Drees, A., Durum, A., Dutta, D., Ebisu, K., Efremenko, Y. V., Chenawi, K. El., Enokizono, A., En’yo, H., Esumi, S., Frawley, A. D., Fung, S. -Y., Garpman, S., Ghosh, T. K., Glenn, A., Godoi, A. L., Goto, Y., Greene, S. V., Perdekamp, M. Grosse, Gupta, S. K., Guryn, W., Gustafsson, H.-Å, Hachiya, T., Haggerty, J. S., Hamagaki, H., Hansen, A. G., Hara, H., Hartouni, E. P., Hayano, R., Hayashi, N., He, X., Hemmick, T. K., Heuser, J. M., Hibino, M., Hill, J. C., Ho, D. S., Homma, K., Hong, B., Hoover, A., Ichihara, T., Imai, K., Ippolitov, M. S., Ishihara, M., Jacak, B. V., Jang, W. Y., Jia, J., Johnson, B. M., Johnson, S. C., Joo, K. S., Kametani, S., Kang, J. H., Kann, M., Kapoor, S. S., Kelly, S., Khachaturov, B., Khanzadeev, A., Kikuchi, J., Kim, D. J., Kim, H. J., Kim, S. Y., Kim, Y. G., Kinnison, W. W., Kistenev, E., Kiyomichi, A., Klein-Boesing, C., Klinksiek, S., Kochenda, L., Kochetkov, V., Koehler, D., Kohama, T., Kotchetkov, D., Kozlov, A., Kroon, P. J., Kurita, K., Kweon, M. J., Kwon, Y., Kyle, G. S., Lacey, R., Lajoie, J. G., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, D. M., Leitch, M. J., Li, X. H., Li, Z., Lim, D. J., Liu, M. X., Liu, X., Liu, Z., Maguire, C. F., Mahon, J., Makdisi, Y. I., Manko, V. I., Mao, Y., Mark, S. K., Markacs, S., Martinez, G., Marx, M. D., Masaike, A., Matathias, F., Matsumoto, T., McGaughey, P. L., Melnikov, E., Merschmeyer, M., Messer, F., Messer, M., Miake, Y., Miller, T. E., Milov, A., Mioduszewski, S., Mischke, R. E., Mishra, G. C., Mitchell, J. T., Mohanty, A. K., Morrison, D. P., Moss, J. M., Mühlbacher, F., Muniruzzaman, M., Murata, J., Nagamiya, S., Nagasaka, Y., Nagle, J. L., Nakada, Y., Nandi, B. K., Newby, J., Nikkinen, L., Nilsson, P., Nishimura, S., Nyanin, A. S., Nystrand, J., O’Brien, E., Ogilvie, C. A., Ohnishi, H., Ojha, I. D., Ono, M., Onuchin, V., Oskarsson, A., Österman, L., Otterlund, I., Oyama, K., Paffrath, L., Palounek, A. P T., Pantuev, V. S., Papavassiliou, V., Pate, S. F., Peitzmann, T., Petridis, A. N., Pinkenburg, C., Pisani, R. P., Pitukhin, P., Plasil, F., Pollack, M., Pope, K., Purschke, M. L., Ravinovich, I., Read, K. F., Reygers, K., Riabov, V., Riabov, Y., Rosati, M., Rose, A. A., Ryu, S. S., Saito, N., Sakaguchi, A., Sakaguchi, T., Sako, H., Sakuma, T., Samsonov, V., Sangster, T. C., Santo, R., Sato, H. D., Sato, S., Sawada, S., Schlei, B. R., Schutz, Y., Semenov, V., Seto, R., Shea, T. K., Shein, I., Shibata, T. -A., Shigaki, K., Shiina, T., Shin, Y. H., Sibiriak, I. G., Silvermyr, D., Sim, K. S., Simon-Gillo, J., Singh, C. P., Singh, V., Sivertz, M., Soldatov, A., Soltz, R. A., Sorensen, S., Stankus, P. W., Starinsky, N., Steinberg, P., Stenlund, E., Ster, A., Stoll, S. P., Sugioka, M., Sugitate, T., Sullivan, J. P., Sumi, Y., Sun, Z., Suzuki, M., Takagui, E. M., Taketani, A., Tamai, M., Tanaka, K. H., Tanaka, Y., Taniguchi, E., Tannenbaum, M. J., Thomas, J., Thomas, J. H., Thomas, T. L., Tian, W., Tojo, J., Torii, H., Towell, R. S., Tserruya, I., Tsuruoka, H., Tsvetkov, A. A., Tuli, S. K., Tydesjö, H., Tyurin, N., Ushiroda, T., van Hecke, H. W., Velissaris, C., Velkovska, J., Velkovsky, M., Vinogradov, A. A., Volkov, M. A., Vorobyov, A., Vznuzdaev, E., Wang, H., Watanabe, Y., White, S. N., Witzig, C., Wohn, F. K., Woody, C. L., Xie, W., Yagi, K., Yokkaichi, S., Young, G. R., Yushmanov, I. E., Zajc, W. A., Zhang, Z., and Zhou, S.
Published: 2003
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2. Multiplicity distributions and charged-neutral fluctuations

Author: Nayak, Tapan, Aggarwal, MM, Agnihotri, A, Ahammed, Z, Angelis, ALS, Antonenko, V, Arefiev, V, Astakhov, V, Avdeitchikov, V, Awes, TC, Baba, PVKS, Badyal, SK, Baldine, A, Barabach, L, Barlag, C, Bathe, S, Batiounia, B, Bernier, T, Bhalla, KB, Bhatia, VS, Blume, C, Bock, R, Bohne, E-M, Bucher, D, Buijs, A, Buis, E-J, Büsching, H, Carlen, L, Chalyshev, V, Chattopadhyay, S, Chenawi, KE, Cherbatchev, R, Chujo, T, Claussen, A, Das, AC, Decowski, MP, Djordjadze, V, Donni, P, Doubovik, I, Dubey, AK, Dutta Majumdar, MR, Eliseev, S, Enosawa, K, Feldmann, H, Foka, P, Fokin, S, Frolov, V, Ganti, MS, Garpman, S, Gavrishchuk, O, Geurts, FJM, Ghosh, TK, Glasow, R, Gupta, SK, Guskov, B, Gustafsson, HA, Gutbrod, HH, Higuchi, R, Hrivanacova, I, Ippolitov, M, Kalechofsky, H, Kamermans, R, Kampert, K-H, Karadjev, K, Karpio, K, Kato, S, Kees, S, Kim, H, Kolb, BW, Kosarev, I, Koutcheryaev, I, Kugler, A, Kulinich, P, Kumar, V, Kurata, M, Kurita, K, Kuzmin, N, Langbein, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, YY, Löhner, H, Mahapatra, DP, Manko, V, Martin, M, Maximov, A, Mehdiyev, R, Mgebrichvili, G, Miake, Y, Mikhalev, D, Mishra, GC, Miyamoto, Y, Mohanty, B, Morrison, D, Mukhopadhyay, DS, Myalkovski, V, Naef, H, Nandi, BK, Nayak, SK, Nayak, TK, Neumaier, S, Nianine, A, Nikitine, V, Nikolaev, S, Nishimura, S, Nomokov, P, Nystrand, J, Obenshain, FE, Oskarsson, A, Otterlund, I, Pachr, M, Parfenov, A, Pavliouk, S, Peitzmann, T, Petracek, V, Plasil, F, Purschke, ML, Raeven, B, Rak, J, Raniwala, R, Raniwala, S, Ramamurthy, VS, Rao, NK, Retiere, F, Reygers, K, Roland, G, Rosselet, L, Roufanov, I, Rubio, JM, Sambyal, SS, Santo, R, Sato, S, Schlagheck, H, Schmidt, H-R, Shabratova, G, Sibiriak, I, Siemiarczuk, T, Sinha, BC, Slavine, N, Söderström, K, Solomey, N, Sood, G, Sørensen, SP, Stankus, P, Stefanek, G, Steinberg, P, Stenlund, E, Stüken, D, Sumbera, M, Svensson, T, Trivedi, MD, Tsvetkov, A, Twenhöfel, C, Tykarski, L, Urbahn, J, Eijndhoven, NV, Heeringen, WHV, Nieuwenhuizen, GJV, Vinogradov, A, Viyogi, YP, Vodopianov, A, Vörös, S, Vos, MA, Wyslouch, B, Yagi, K, Yokota, Y, and Young, GR
Abstract: Abstract: Results from the multiplicity distributions of inclusive photons and charged particles, scaling of particle multiplicities, event-by-event multiplicity fluctuations, and charged-neutral fluctuations in 158A GeV Pb+Pb collisions are presented and discussed. A scaling of charged particle multiplicity as N part1.07±0.05 and photos as N part1.12±0.03 have been observed, indicating violation of naive wounded nucleon model. The analysis of localized charged-neutral fluctuation indicates a model-independent demonstration of non-statistical fluctuations in both charged particles and photons in limited azimuthal regions. However, no correlated charged-neutral fluctuations are observed.
Published: 2001
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3. First results from RHIC-PHENIX

Author: Ghosh, Tarun Kanti, Adcox, K, Adler, S S, Ajitanand, N, Akiba, Y, Alexander, J, Aphecetche, L, Arai, Y, Aronson, S H, Averbeck, R, Awes, T C, Barish, K N, Barnes, P D, Barrette, J, Bassalleck, B, Bathe, S, Baublis, V, Bazilevsky, A, Belikov, S, Bellaiche, F G, Belyaev, S T, Bennett, M J, Berdnikov, Y, Botelho, S, Brooks, M L, Brown, D S, Bruner, N, Bucher, D, Buesching, H, Bumazhnov, V, Bunce, G, Burward-Hoy, J, Butsyk, S, Carey, T A, Chand, P, Chang, J, Chang, W C, Chavez, L L, Chernichenko, S, Chi, C Y, Chiba, J, Chiu, M, Choudhury, R K, Christ, T, Chujo, T, Chung, M S, Chung, P, Cianciolo, V, Cole, B A, D’Enterria, D G, David, G, Delagrange, H, Denisov, A, Deshpande, A, Desmond, E J, Dietzsch, O, Dinesh, B V, Drees, A, Durum, A, Dutta, D, Ebisu, K, Efremenko, Y V, Chenawi, K El, En’yo, H, Esumi, S, Ewell, L, Ferdousi, T, Fields, D E, Fokin, S L, Fraenkel, Z, Franz, A, Frawley, A D, Fung, S-Y, Garpman, S, Ghosh, T K, Glenn, A, Godoi, A L, Goto, Y, Greene, S V, Perdekamp, M Grosse, Gupta, S K, Guryn, W, Gustafsson, H-Å, Haggerty, J S, Hamagaki, H, Hansen, A G, Hara, H, Hartouni, E P, Hayano, R, Hayashi, N, He, X, Hemmick, T K, Heuser, J, Hill, J C, Ho, D S, Homma, K, Hong, B, Hoover, A, Ichihara, T, Imai, K, Ippolitov, M S, Ishihara, M, Jacak, B V, Jang, W Y, Jia, J, Johnson, B M, Johnson, S C, Joo, K S, Kametani, S, Kang, J H, Kann, M, Kapoor, S S, Kelly, S, Khachaturov, B, Khanzadeev, A, Kikuchi, J, Kim, D J, Kim, H J, Kim, S Y, Kim, Y G, Kinnison, W W, Kistenev, E, Kiyomichi, A, Klein-Boesing, C, Klinksiek, S, Kochenda, L, Kochetkov, D, Kochetkov, V, Koehler, D, Kohama, T, Kozlov, A, Kroon, P J, Kurita, K, Kweon, M J, Kwon, Y, Kyle, G S, Lacey, R, Lajoie, J G, Lauret, J, Lebedev, A, Lee, D M, Leitch, M J, Li, X H, Li, Z, Lim, D J, Liu, M X, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Maguire, C F, Mahon, J, Makdisi, Y I, Manko, V I, Mao, Y, Mark, S K, Markacs, S, Martinez, G, Marx, M D, Masaike, A, Matathias, F, Matsumoto, T, McGaughey, P L, Melnikov, E, Merschmeier, M, Messer, F, Messer, M, Miake, Y, Miller, T E, Milov, A, Mioduszewski, S, Mischke, R E, Mishra, G C, Mitchell, J T, Mohanty, A K, Morrison, D P, Moss, J M, Mühlbacher, F, Muniruzzaman, M, Murata, J, Nagamiya, S, Nagasaka, Y, Nagle, J L, Nakada, Y, Nandi, B K, Newby, J, Nikkinen, L, Nilsson, P, Nishimura, S, Nyanin, A S, Nystrand, J, O’Brien, E, Ogilvie, C A, Ohnishi, H, Ojha, I D, Ono, M, Onuchin, V, Oskarsson, A, Österman, L, Otterlund, I, Oyama, K, Paffrath, L, Palounek, A P T, Pantuev, V S, Papavassiliou, V, Pate, S F, Peitzmann, T, Petridis, A N, Pinkenburg, C, Pisani, R P, Pitukhin, P, Plasil, F, Pollack, M, Pope, K, Purschke, M L, Ravinovich, I, Read, K F, Reygers, K, Riabov, V, Riabov, Y, Rosati, M, Rose, A A, Ryu, S S, Saito, N, Sakaguchi, A, Sakaguchi, T, Sako, H, Sakuma, T, Samsonov, V, Sangster, T C, Santo, R, Sato, H D, Sato, S, Sawada, S, Schlei, B R, Schutz, Y, Semenov, V, Seto, R, Shea, T K, Shein, I, Shibata, T-A, Shigaki, K, Shiina, T, Shin, Y H, Sibiriak, I G, Silvermyr, D, Sim, K S, Simon-Gillo, J, Singh, C P, Singh, V, Sivertz, M, Soldatov, A, Soltz, R A, Sorensen, S, Stankus, P W, Starinsky, N, Steinberg, P, Stenlund, E, Ster, A, Stoll, S P, Sugioka, M, Sugitate, T, Sullivan, J P, Sumi, Y, Sun, Z, Suzuki, M, Takagui, E M, Taketani, A, Tamai, M, Tanaka, K H, Tanaka, Y, Taniguchi, E, Tannenbaum, M J, Thomas, J, Thomas, J H, Thomas, T L, Tian, W, Tojo, J, Torii, H, Towell, R S, Tserruya, I, Tsuruoka, H, Tsvetkov, A A, Tuli, S K, Tydesjö, H, Tyurin, N, Ushiroda, T, van Hecke, H W, Velissaris, C, Velkovska, J, Velkovsky, M, Vinogradov, A A, Volkov, M A, Vorobyov, A, Vznuzdaev, E, Wang, H, Watanabe, Y, White, S N, Witzig, C, Wohn, F K, Woody, C L, Xie, W, Yagi, K, Yokkaichi, S, Young, G R, Yushmanov, I E, Zajc, W A, Zhang, Z, and Zhou, S
Abstract: The PHENIX experiment consists of a large detector system located at the newly commissioned relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC) at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. The primary goal of the PHENIX experiment is to look for signatures of the QCD prediction of a deconfined high-energy-density phase of nuclear matter quark gluon plasma. PHENIX started data taking for Au+Au collisions at √sNN=130 GeV in June 2000. The signals from the beam-beam counter (BBC) and zero degree calorimeter (ZDC) are used to determine the centrality of the collision. A Glauber model reproduces the ZDC spectrum reasonably well to determine the participants in a collision. Charged particle multiplicity distribution from the first PHENIX paper is compared with the other RHIC experiment and the CERN, SPS results. Transverse momentum of photons are measured in the electro-magnetic calorimeter (EMCal) and preliminary results are presented. Particle identification is made by a time of flight (TOF) detector and the results show clear separation of the charged hadrons from each other.
Published: 2001
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4. Collective flow and HBT in Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN-SPS

Author: Nishimura, Shunji, Aggarwal, M.M., Agnihotri, A., Ahammed, Z., Angelis, A.L.S., Antonenko, V., Arefiev, V., Astakhov, V., Avdeitchikov, V., Awes, T.C., Baba, P.V.K.S., Badyal, S.K., Baldine, A., Barabach, L., Barlag, C., Bathe, S., Batiounia, B., Bernier, T., Bhalla, K.B., Bhatia, V.S., Blume, C., Bock, R., Bohne, E.-M., Böröcz, Z., Bucher, D., Buijs, A., Büsching, H., Carlen, L., Chalyshev, V., Chattopadhyay, S., Cherbatchev, R., Chujo, T., Claussen, A., Das, A.C., Decowski, M.P., Djordjadze, V., Donni, P., Doubovik, I., Dutt, S., Dutta Majumdar, M.R., Chenawi, K.El, Eliseev, S., Enosawa, K., Foka, P., Fokin, S., Frolov, V., Ganti, M.S., Garpman, S., Gavrishchuk, O., Geurts, F.J.M., Ghosh, T.K., Glasow, R., Gupta, S.K., Guskov, B., Gustafeson, H.Å., Gutbrod, H.H., Higuchi, R., Hrivnacova, I., Ippolitov, M., Kalechofeky, H., Kamermans, R., Kampert, K.-H., Karadjev, K., Karpio, K., Kato, S., Kees, S., Kim, H., Kolb, B.W., Kosarev, I., Koutcheryaev, I., Krümpel, T., Kugler, A., Kulinich, P., Kurata, M., Kurita, K., Kuzmin, N., Langbein, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, Y.Y., Löhner, H., Luquin, L., Mahapatra, D.P., Manko, V., Martin, M., Maximov, A., Mehdiyev, R., Mgebrichvili, G., Miake, Y., Mikhalev, D., Mir, Md.F., Mishra, G.C., Miyamoto, Y., Morrison, D., Mukhopadhyay, D.S., Myalkovski, V., Naef, H., Nandi, B.K., Nayak, S.K., Nayak, T.K., Neumaier, S., Nianine, A., Nikitine, V., Nikolaev, S., Nilsson, P., Nishimura, S., Nomokonov, P., Nystrand, J., Obenshain, F.E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Pachr, M., Parfenov, A., Pavliouk, S., Peitzmann, T., Petracek, V., Plasil, F., Pinanaud, W., Purschke, M.L., Raeven, B., Rak, J., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Ramamurthy, V.S., Rao, N.K., Retiere, F., Reygers, K., Roland, G., Rosselet, L., Roufanov, I., Roy, C., Rubio, J.M., Sako, H., Sambyal, S.S., Santo, R., Sato, S., Schlagheck, H., Schmidt, H.-R., Shabratova, G., Shah, T.H., Sibiriak, I., Siemiarczuk, T., Silvermyr, D., Sinha, B.C., Slavine, N., Söderström, K., Solomey, N., Sørensen, S.P., Stankus, P., Stefanek, G., Steinberg, P., Stenlund, E., Stüken, D., Sumbera, M., Svensson, T., Trivedi, M.D., Tsvetkov, A., Tykarski, L., Urbahn, J., Pijll, E.C.v.d., Eijndhoven, N.v., Nieuwenhuizen, G.J.v., Vinogradov, A., Viyogi, Y.P., Vodopianov, A., Vörös, S., Wyslouch, B., Yagi, K., Yokota, Y., and Young, G.R.
Published: 2000
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5. Search for disoriented chiral condensates in 158·A GeV Pb+Pb collisions

Author: Nayak, Tapan K., Aggarwal, M.M., Agnihotri, A., Ahammed, Z., Angelis, A.L.S., Antonenko, V., Arefiev, V., Astakhov, V., Avdeitchikov, V., Awes, T.C., Baba, P.V.K.S., Badyal, S.K., Baldine, A., Barabach, L., Barlag, C., Bathe, S., Batiounia, B., Bernier, T., Bhalla, K.B., Bhatia, V.S., Blume, C., Bock, R., Bohne, E.-M., Bucher, D., Buijs, A., Buis, E.-J., Büsching, H., Carlen, L., Chalyshev, V., Chattopadhyay, S., Chenawi, K.E., Cherbatchev, R., Chujo, T., Claussen, A., Das, A.C., Decowski, M.P., Djordjadze, V., Donni, P., Doubovik, I., Dutta Majumdar, M.R., Eliseev, S., Enosawa, K., Feldmann, H., Foka, P., Fokin, S., Frolov, V., Ganti, M.S., Garpman, S., Gavrishchuk, O., Geurts, F.J.M., Ghosh, T.K., Glasow, R., Gupta, S.K., Guskov, B., Gustafsson, H.A., Gutbrod, H.H., Higuchi, R., Hrivnacova, I., Ippolitov, M., Kalechofsky, H., Kamermans, R., Kampert, K.-H., Karadjev, K., Karpio, K., Kato, S., Kees, S., Kim, H., Kolb, B.W., Kosarev, I., Koutcheryaev, I., Kugler, A., Kulinich, P., Kumar, V., Kurata, M., Kurita, K., Kuzmin, N., Langbein, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, Y.Y., Löhner, H., Mahapatra, D.P., Manko, V., Martin, M., Maximov, A., Mehdiyev, R., Mgebrichvili, G., Miake, Y., Mikhalev, D., Mishra, G.C., Miyamoto, Y., Mohanty, B., Morrison, D., Mukhopadhyay, D.S., Myalkovski, V., Naef, H., Nandi, B.K., Nayak, S.K., Nayak, T.K., Neumaier, S., Nianine, A., Nikitine, V., Nikolaev, S., Nishimura, S., Nomokov, P., Nystrand, J., Obenshain, F.E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Pachr, M., Parfenov, A., Pavliouk, S., Peitzmann, T., Petracek, V., Plasil, F., Purschke, M.L., Raeven, B., Rak, J., Raniwala, S., Ramamurthy, V.S., Rao, N.K., Retiere, F., Reygers, K., Roland, G., Rosselet, L., Roufanov, I., Rubio, J.M., Sambyal, S.S., Santo, R., Sato, S., Schlagheck, H., Schmidt, H.-R., Shabratova, G., Sibiriak, I., Siemiarczuk, T., Sinha, B.C., Slavine, N., Söderström, K., Solomey, N., Sørensen, S.P., Stankus, P., Stefanek, G., Steinberg, P., Stenlund, E., Stüken, D., Sumbera, M., Svensson, T., Trivedi, M.D., Tsvetkov, A., Twenhöfel, C., Tykarski, L., Urbahn, J., Eijndhoven, N.v., Heeringen, W.H.v., Nieuwenhuizen, G.J.v., Vinogradov, A., Viyogi, Y.P., Vodopianov, A., Vörös, S., Vos, M.A., Wyslouch, B., Yagi, K., Yokota, Y., and Young, G.R.
Published: 2000
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6. Direct photon production in high-energy heavy-ion collisions

Author: Manko, V., Aggarwal, M.M., Agnihotri, A., Ahammed, Z., Angelis, A.L.S., Antonenko, V., Arefiev, V., Astakhov, V., Avdeitchikov, V., Awes, T.C., Baba, P.V.K.S., Badyal, S.K., Baldine, A., Barabach, L., Barlag, C., Bathe, S., Batiounia, B., Bernier, T., Bhalla, K.B., Bhatia, V.S., Blume, C., Bock, R., Bohne, E.-M., Böröcz, Z., Bucher, D., Buijs, A., Büsching, H., Carlen, L., Chalyshev, V., Chattopadhyay, S., Cherbatchev, R., Chujo, T., Claussen, A., Das, A.C., Decowski, M.P., Djordjadze, V., Donni, P., Doubovik, I., Dutt, S., Majumdar, M.R. Dutta, El Chenawi, K., Eliseev, S., Enosawa, K., Foka, P., Fokin, S., Frolov, V., Ganti, M.S., Garpman, S., Gavrishchuk, O., Geurts, F.J.M., Ghosh, T.K., Glasow, R., Gupta, S.K., Guskov, B., Gustafsson, H.A, Gutbrod, H.H., Higuchi, R., Hrivnacova, I., Ippolitov, M., Kalechofsky, H., Kamermans, R., Kampert, K.-H., Karadjev, K., Karpio, K., Kato, S., Kees, S., Kim, H., Kolb, B.W., Kosarev, I., Koutcheryaev, I., Krümpel, T., Kugler, A., Kulinich, P., Kurata, M., Kurita, K., Kuzmin, N., Langbein, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, Y.Y., Löhner, H., Luquin, L., Mahapatra, D.P., Manko, V., Martin, M., Maximov, A., Mehdiyev, R., Mgebrichvili, G., Miake, Y., Mikhalev, D., Mir, Md.F., Mishra, G.C., Miyamoto, Y., Morrison, D., Mukhopadhyay, D.S., Myalkovski, V., Naef, H., Nandi, B.K., Nayak, S.K., Nayak, T.K., Neumaier, S., Nianine, A., Nikitine, V., Nikolaev, S., Nilsson, P., Nishimura, S., Nomokonov, P., Nystrand, J., Obenshain, F.E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Pachr, M., Parfenov, A., Pavliouk, S., Peitzmann, T., Petracek, V., Plasil, F., Pinanaud, W., Purschke, M.L., Raeven, B., Rak, J., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Ramamurthy, V.S., Rao, N.K., Retiere, F., Reygers, K., Roland, G., Rosselet, L., Roufanov, I., Roy, C., Rubio, J.M., Sako, H., Sambyal, S.S., Santo, R., Sato, S., Schlagheck, H., Schmidt, H.-R., Shabratova, G., Shah, T.H., Sibiriak, I., Siemiarczuk, T., Silvermyr, D., Sinha, B.C., Slavine, N., Söderström, K., Solomey, N., Sørensen, S.P., Stankus, P., Stefanek, G., Steinberg, P., Stenlund, E., Stüken, D., Sumbera, M., Svensson, T., Trivedi, M.D., Tsvetkov, A., Tykarski, L., Urbahn, J., Pijll, E.C.v.d., Eijndhoven, N.v., Nieuwenhuizen, G.J.v., Vinogradov, A., Viyogi, Y.P., Vodopianov, A., Vörös, S., Wyslouch, B., Yagi, K., Yokota, Y., and Young, G.R.
Published: 1999
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7. Fragmentation and multifragmentation of 10.6A GeV gold nuclei

Author: Adamovich, M.I., Aggarwal, M.M., Alexandrov, Y.A., Amirikas, R., Andreeva, N.P., Badyal, S.K., Bakich, A.M., Basova, E.S., Bhalla, K.B., Bhasin, A., Bhatia, V.S., Bradnova, V., Bubnov, V.I., Cai, X., Chasnikov, I.Y., Chen, G.M., Chernova, L.P., Chernyavsky, M.M., Dhamija, S., El Chenawi, K., Felea, D., Feng, S.Q., Filippova, L.N., Gaitinov, A.S., Ganssauge, E.R., Garpman, S., Gerassimov, S.G., Gheata, A., Gheata, M., Grote, J., Gulamov, K.G., Gupta, S.K., Gupta, V.K., Haiduc, M., Hasegan, D., Henjes, U., Jakobsson, B., Just, L., Kanygina, E.K., Kharlamov, S.P., Kovalenko, A.D., Krasnov, S.A., Kumar, V., Larionova, V.G., Lebedev, I.A., Li, Y.X., Liu, L.S., Liu, Z.G., Lord, J.J., Lukicheva, N.S., Lu, Y., Luo, S.B., Mangotra, L.K., Manhas, I., Mittra, I.S., Musaeva, A.K., Nasyrov, S.Z., Navotny, V.S., Nystrand, J., Orlova, G.I., Otterlund, I., Peak, L.S., Peresadko, N.G., Petrov, N.V., Plyushchev, V.A., Qian, W.Y., Qin, Y.M., Raniwala, R., Rao, N.K., Rhee, J.T., Roeper, M., Rusakova, V.V., Saidkhanov, N., Salmanova, N.A., Seitimbetov, A.M., Sethi, R., Singh, B., Skelding, D., Skorobogatova, V.I., Söderström, K., Stenlund, E., Svechnikova, L.N., Svensson, T., Tawfik, A.M., Rao, N.K., Rhee, J.T., Roeper, M., Rusakova, V.V., Saidkhanov, N., Salmanova, N.A., Seitimbetov, A.M., Sethi, R., Singh, B., Skelding, D., Skorobogatova, V.I., Söderström, K., Stenlund, E., Svechnikova, L.N., Svensson, T., Tawfik, A.M., Topor Pop, V., Tretyakova, M.I., Trofimova, T.P., Tuleeva, U.I., Tursunov, B.P., Vashisht, Vani, Vokal, S., Vrlakova, J., Wang, H.Q., Wang, S.H., Wang, X.R., Wang, J.G., Weng, Z.Q., Wilkes, R.J., Yang, C.B., Yin, Z.B., Yu, L.Z., Zgura, I.S., Zhang, D.H., Zheng, P.Y., Zhokhova, S.I., and Zhou, D.C.
Abstract: Abstract:: The experimental data on the interactions of 10.6A GeV gold nuclei in nuclear emulsions are analyzed with particular emphasis of target separation interactions and study of critical exponents. Charged fragment moments, conditional moments as well as two and three – body asymmetries of the fast moving projectile particles are determined in terms of the total charge remaining bound in the multiply charged projectile fragments. Some differences in the average yields of helium nuclei and heavier fragments are observed, which may be attributed to a target effect. However, two and three-body asymmetries and conditional moments indicate that the breakup mechanism of the projectile seems to be independent of target mass. We looked for evidence of critical point observable in finite nuclei by study the resulting charged fragments distributions. We have obtained the values for the critical exponents γ, β and τ and compare our results with those at lower energy experiment (1.0A GeV data). The values suggest that a phase transition like behavior, is observed.
Published: 1999
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8. The pixel readout system for the PHENIX pad chambers

Author: Nilsson, Paul B, Barrette, J., Bryan, W., Fraenkel, Z., Greene, V., Garpman, S., Gustafsson, H.-A˚., Jagadish, U., Nikkinen, L., Lacey, R., Lauret, J., Mark, S.K., Milov, A., O'Brien, E., Oskarsson, A., O¨sterman, L., Otterlund, I., Pinkenburg, C., Ravinovich, I., Rose, A., Silvermyr, D., Sivertz, M., Smith, M., Stenlund, E., Svensson, T., Teodorescu, O., Tserruya, I., Xie, W., and Young, G.R.
Abstract: A new concept for two-dimensional position readout of wire chambers is described. The basic idea is to use a cathode segmented into small pixels that are read out in specific groups (pads). The electronics is mounted on the outer face of the chamber with a chip-on-board technique, pushing the material thickness to a minimum. The system described here, containing 210 000 readout channels, will be used to read out the pad chambers in the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC).
Published: 1999
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9. Elliptic emission of K in 158A GeV Pb+Pb collisions

Author: Nishimura, Shunji, Aggarwal, M.M., Agnihotri, A., Ahammed, Z., Angelis, A.L.S., Antonenko, V., Arefiev, V., Astakhov, V., Avdeitchikov, V., Awes, T.C., Baba, P.V.K.S., Badyal, S.K., Baldine, A., Barabach, L., Barlag, C., Bathe, S., Batiounia, B., Bernier, T., Bhalla, K.B., Bhatia, V.S., Blume, C., Bock, R., Bohne, E.-M., Bo¨ro¨cz, Z., Bucher, D., Buijs, A., Bu¨sching, H., Carlen, L., Chalyshev, V., Chattopadhyay, S., Cherbatchev, R., Chujo, T., Claussen, A., Das, A.C., Decowski, M.P., Djordjadze, V., Donni, P., Doubovik, I., Dutt, S., Majumdar, M.R. Dutta, Chenawi, K.El, Eliseev, S., Enosawa, K., Foka, P., Fokin, S., Frolov, V., Ganti, M.S., Garpman, S., Gavrishchuk, O., Geurts, F.J.M., Ghosh, T.K., Glasow, R., Gupta, S.K., Guskov, B., Gustafsson, H.A˚., Gutbrod, H.H., Higuchi, R., Hrivnacova, I., Ippolitov, M., Kalechofsky, H., Kamermans, R., Kampert, K.-H., Karadjev, K., Karpio, K., Kato, S., Kees, S., Kim, H., Kolb, B.W., Kosarev, I., Koutcheryaev, I., Kru¨mpel, T., Kugler, A., Kulinich, P., Kurata, M., Kurita, K., Kuzmin, N., Langbein, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, Y.Y., Lo¨hner, H., Luquin, L., Mahapatra, D.P., Manko, V., Martin, M., Maximov, A., Mehdiyev, R., Mgebrichvili, G., Miake, Y., Mikhalev, D., Mir, Md.F., Mishra, G.C., Miyamoto, Y., Morrison, D., Mukhopadhyay, D.S., Myalkovski, V., Naef, H., Nandi, B.K., Nayak, S.K., Nayak, T.K., Neumaier, S., Nianine, A., Nikitine, V., Nikolaev, S., Nilsson, P., Nomokonov, P., Nystrand, J., Obenshain, F.E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Pachr, M., Parfenov, A., Pavliouk, S., Peitzmann, T., Petracek, V., Plasil, F., Pinanaud, W., Purschke, M.L., Raeven, B., Rak, J., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Ramamurthy, V.S., Rao, N.K., Retiere, F., Reygers, K., Roland, G., Rosselet, L., Roufanov, I., Roy, C., Rubio, J.M., Sako, H., Sambyal, S.S., Santo, R., Sato, S., Schlagheck, H., Schmidt, H.-R., Shabratova, G., Shah, T.H., Sibiriak, I., Siemiarczuk, T., Silvermyr, D., Sinha, B.C., Slavine, N., So¨derstro¨m, K., Solomey, N., Sørensen, S.P., Stankus, P., Stefanek, G., Steinberg, P., Stenlund, E., Stu¨ken, D., Sumbera, M., Svensson, T., Trivedi, M.D., Tsvetkov, A., Tykarski, L., Urbahn, J., Pijll, E.C.v.d., Eijndhoven, N.v., Nieuwenhuizen, G.J.v., Vinogradov, A., Viyogi, Y.P., Vodopianov, A., Vo¨ro¨s, S., Wys, B., Yagi, K., Yokota, Y., and Young, G.R.
Abstract: We have studied the azimuthal angle distributions of identified charged particles near mid-rapidity region in semi-central Pb+Pb collisions at SPS energies. Our preliminary results show that π mesons and protons seem to be emitted in the reaction plane, while out-of-plane for K mesons. This phenomenon might be explained by the existence of another possible effect such as in-medium potential as well as the collective motion.
Published: 1999
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10. Two-particle correlations in 158 A GeV collisions

Author: Vo¨ro¨s, Sa´ndor, Aggarwal, M.M., Agnihotri, A., Ahammed, Z., Angelis, A.L.S., Antonenko, V., Arefiev, V., Astakhov, V., Avdeitchikov, V., Awes, T.C., Baba, P.V.K.S., Badyal, S.K., Baldine, A., Barabach, L., Barlag, C., Bathe, S., Batiounia, B., Bernier, T., Bhalla, K.B., Bhatia, V.S., Blume, C., Bohne, E.-M., Bo¨ro¨cz, Z.K., Bucher, D., Buijs, A., Bu¨sching, H., Carlen, L., Chalyshev, V., Chattopadhyay, S., Cherbatchev, R., Chujo, T., Claussen, A., Das, A.C., Decowski, M.P., Delagrange, H., Djordjadze, V., Donni, P., Doubovik, I., Dutt, S., Majumdar, M.R. Dutta, Chenawi, K. El, Eliseev, S., Enosawa, K., Foka, P., Fokin, S., Frolov, V., Ganti, M.S., Garpman, S., Gavrishchuk, O., Geurts, F.J.M., Ghosh, T.K., Glasow, R., Gupta, S.K., Guskov, B., Gustafsson, H.A˚., Gutbrod, H.H., Higuchi, R., Hrivnacova, I., Ippolitov, M., Kalechofsky, H., Kamermans, R., Kampert, K.-H., Karadjev, K., Karpio, K., Kato, S., Kees, S., Kim, H., Kolb, B.W., Kosarev, I., Koutcheryaev, I., Kru¨mpel, T., Kugler, A., Kulinich, P., Kurata, M., Kurita, K., Kuzmin, N., Langbein, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, Y.Y., Lo¨hner, H., Luquin, L., Mahapatra, D.P., Manko, V., Martin, M., Marti´nez, G., Maximov, A., Mehdiyev, R., Mgebrichvili, G., Miake, Y., Mikhalev, D., Mir, Md.F., Mishra, G.C., Miyamoto, Y., Morrison, D., Mukhopadhyay, D.S., Myalkovski, V., Naef, H., Nandi, B.K., Nayak, S.K., Nayak, T.K., Neumaier, S., Nianine, A., Nikitine, V., Nikolaev, S., Nilsson, P., Nishimura, S., Nomokonov, P., Nystrand, J., Obenshain, F.E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Pachr, M., Parfenov, A., Pavliouk, S., Peitzmann, T., Petracek, V., Plasil, F., Pinganaud, W., Purschke, M.L., Raeven, B., Rak, J., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Ramamurthy, V.S., Rao, N.K., Retiere, F., Reygers, K., Roland, G., Rosselet, L., Roufanov, I., Roy, C., Rubio, J.M., Sako, H., Sambyal, S.S., Santo, R., Sato, S., Schlagheck, H., Schmidt, H.-R., Schutz, Y., Shabratova, G., Shah, T.H., Sibiriak, I., Siemiarczuk, T., Silvermyr, D., Sinha, B.C., Slavine, N., So¨derstro¨m, K., Solomey, N., Sørensen, S.P., Stankus, P., Stefanek, G., Steinberg, P., Stenlund, E., Stu¨ken, D., Sumbera, M., Svensson, T., Trivedi, M.D., Tsvetkov, A., Tykarski, L., Urbahn, J., Pijll, E.C.v.d., Eijndhoven, N.v., Nieuwenhuizen, G.J.v., Vinogradov, A., Viyogi, Y.P., Vodopianov, A., Wys, B., Yagi, K., Yokota, Y., and Young, G.R.
Published: 1999
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11. Recent results from the WA98 experiment

Author: Peitzmann, T., Aggarwal, M.M., Agnihotri, A., Ahammed, Z., Angelis, A.L.S., Antonenko, V., Arefiev, V., Astakhov, V., Avdeitchikov, V., Awes, T.C., Baba, P.V.K.S., Badyal, S.K., Baldine, A., Barabach, L., Barlag, C., Bathe, S., Batiounia, B., Bernier, T., Bhalla, K.B., Bhatia, V.S., Blume, C., Bohne, E.-M., Bucher, D., Buijs, A., Bu¨sching, H., Carlen, L., Chalyshev, V., Chattopadhyay, S., Cherbatchev, R., Chujo, T., Claussen, A., Das, A.C., Decowski, M.P., Delagrange, H., Djordjadze, V., Donni, P., Doubovik, I., Dutt, S., Majumdar, M.R. Dutta, Chenawi, K. El, Eliseev, S., Enosawa, K., Foka, P., Fokin, S., Frolov, V., Ganti, M.S., Garpman, S., Gavrishchuk, O., Geurts, F.J.M., Ghosh, T.K., Glasow, R., Gupta, S.K., Guskov, B., Gustafsson, H.A˚., Gutbrod, H.H., Higuchi, R., Hrivnacova, I., Ippolitov, M., Kalechofsky, H., Kamermans, R., Kampert, K.-H., Karadjev, K., Karpio, K., Kato, S., Kim, H., Kolb, B.W., Kosarev, I., Koutcheryaev, I., Kugler, A., Kulinich, P., Kurata, M., Kurita, K., Kuzmin, N., Langbein, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, Y.Y., Lo¨hner, H., Luquin, L., Mahapatra, D.P., Manko, V., Martin, M., Marti´nez, G., Maximov, A., Mehdiyev, R., Mgebrichvili, G., Miake, Y., Mikhalev, D., Mir, Md.F., Mishra, G.C., Miyamoto, Y., Mohanty, B., Morrison, D., Mukhopadhyay, D.S., Myalkovski, V., Naef, H., Nandi, B.K., Nayak, S.K., Nayak, T.K., Neumaier, S., Nianine, A., Nikitine, V., Nikolaev, S., Nilsson, P., Nishimura, S., Nomokonov, P., Nystrand, J., Obenshain, F.E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Pachr, M., Parfenov, A., Pavliouk, S., Petracek, V., Plasil, F., Pinganaud, W., Purschke, M.L., Raeven, B., Rak, J., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Ramamurthy, V.S., Rao, N.K., Retiere, F., Reygers, K., Roland, G., Rosselet, L., Roufanov, I., Roy, C., Rubio, J.M., Sako, H., Sambyal, S.S., Santo, R., Sato, S., Schlagheck, H., Schmidt, H.-R., Schutz, Y., Shabratova, G., Shah, T.H., Sibiriak, I., Siemiarczuk, T., Silvermyr, D., Sinha, B.C., Slavine, N., So¨derstro¨m, K., Solomey, N., Sørensen, S.P., Stankus, P., Stefanek, G., Steinberg, P., Stenlund, E., Sumbera, M., Svensson, T., Trivedi, M.D., Tsvetkov, A., Tykarski, L., Urbahn, J., Pijll, E.C.v.d., Eijndhoven, N.v., Nieuwenhuizen, G.J.v., Vinogradov, A., Viyogi, Y.P., Vodopianov, A., Vo¨ro¨s, S., Wys, B., Yagi, K., Yokota, Y., and Young, G.R.
Abstract: Recent results of the WA98 experiment with Pb induced reactions at 158. A GeV are presented. The scaling properties of the transverse energy and the charged particle multiplicity at midrapidity with the number of participants is studied. Neutral pion spectra are compared to hydrodynamical parameterizations. The analysis of collective flow at target rapidity and at midrapidity is presented. The status of the study of direct photons and the search for isospin fluctuations is discussed.
Published: 1999
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12. On the production of slow particles in high energy heavy ion collisions

Author: Adamovich, M. J., Aggarwal, M. M., Alexandrov, Y. A., Amirikas, R., Andreeva, N. P., Anzon, Z. V., Arora, R., Avetyan, F. A., Badyal, S. K., Bakich, A. M., Basova, E. S., Bazarov, I. K., Bhalla, K. B., Bhasin, A., Bhatia, V. S., Bogdanov, V. G., Bradnova, V., Bubnov, V. I., Burnett, T. H., Cai, X., Carshiev, D. A., Chasnikov, I. Y., Chernova, L. P., Chernyavski, M. M., Dhamija, S., Eligbaeva, G. Z., Fremenko, L. E., Gaitinov, A. S., Ganssauge, E. R., Garpman, S., Gerassimov, S. G., Graf, C., Grote, J., Gulamov, K. G., Gupta, S. K., Gupta, V. K., Jakobsson, B., Just, L., Kachroo, S., Kalyachkina, G. S., Kanygina, E. K., Karabova, M., Kitroo, S., Kharlamov, S. P., Kovalenko, A. D., Krasnov, S. A., Kumar, V., Larionova, V. G., Li, Y. D., Liu, L. S., Lokanathan, S., Lord, J. J., Lukicheva, N. S., Luo, S. B., Mangotra, L. K., Marutyan, N. A., Mashkov, A. Y., Maslennikova, N. V., Mittra, I. S., Mokerjee, S., Nasyrov, S. Z., Navotny, V. S., Nystrand, J., Ochs, M., Orlova, G. I., Otterlund, I., Peak, L. S., Peresadko, N. G., Petrov, N. V., Plyushchev, V. A., Qian, W. Y., Qin, Y. M., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Rao, N. K., Roeper, M., Rusakova, V. V., Saidkhanov, N., Salmanova, N. A., Sarkisova, L. G., Sarkisyan, V. R., Seitimbetov, A. M., Shabratova, G. S., Shakhova, C. I., Shpilev, S. N., Skelding, D., Söderström, K., Solovieva, Z. I., Stenlund, E., Svechnikova, L. N., Tothova, M., Tretyakova, M. I., Trofimova, T. P., Tuleeva, U. I., Tursunov, B. P., Vokal, S., Vrlakova, J., Wang, H. Q., Weng, Z. Q., Wilkes, R. J., Xia, Y. L., Yang, C. B., Zhang, D. H., Zheng, P. Y., Zhokhova, S. I., and Zhou, D. C.
Abstract: The mechanism for producing slow, target associated particles in high energy heavy ion collisions is investigated. It is shown that the same mechanism which was proposed for hadron induced interactions is likely to appear also for heavy-ion reactions. The results indicate however a much weaker correlation between impact parameter and yield of slow particles.
Published: 1995
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13. Two-proton correlations in the target fragmentation region of nuclear collisions at 200A GeV

Author: Awes, T. C., Barlag, C., Berger, F., Bloomer, M. A., Blume, C., Bock, D., Bock, R., Bohne, E. -M., Bucher, D., Claussen, A., Clewing, G., Dragon, L., Eklund, A., Garpman, S., Glasow, R., Gustafsson, H., Gutbrod, H. H., Hölker, G., Idh, J., Jacobs, P., Kampert, K. H., Kolb, B. W., Löhner, H., Lund, I., Obenshain, F. E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Peitzmann, T., Plasil, F., Poskanzer, A. M., Purschke, M., Roters, B., Saini, S., Santo, R., Schmidt, H. R., Sørensen, S. P., Steffens, K., Steinhaeuser, P., Stenlund, E., Stüken, D., and Young, G. R.
Abstract: Correlations between protons are studied in the target fragmentation region of reactions of protons and16O with C, Cu, Ag, Au and of32S with Al and Au at 200A GeV. The emitted protons were measured with the Plastic Ball detector in the WA80 experiment at the CERN SPS. The comparison of the correlation function with calculations, assuming a spherical, gaussian shaped source with a lifetime t=0 fm/c, allows the extraction of radius parameters. The values are very close to those expected from the geometry of the target nuclei and increase with the target mass as aATarget1/3. Even in proton induced reactions the whole target nucleus is involved. The dependence of the radii on centrality, polar angle?lab, and energy, and their relation to measured proton yields are presented.
Published: 1995
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14. Production of slow singly charged fragments in 200 GeV/c hadron nucleus interactions

Author: Albrecht, R., Awes, T. C., Baktash, C., Beckmann, P., Berger, F., Bloomer, M. A., Bock, D., Bock, R., Claesson, G., Clewing, G., Dragon, L., Eklund, A., Ferguson, R., Franz, A., Garpman, S. I. A., Glasow, R., Gustafsson, H. -Å., Gutbrod, H. H., Hölker, G., Idh, J., Jacobs, P., Kampert, K. -H., Kolb, B. W., Löhner, H., Lund, I., Obenshain, F. E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Peitzmann, T., Plasil, F., Poskanzer, A. M., Purschke, M. L., Ritter, H. -G., Roters, B., Saini, S., Santo, R., Schmidt, H. R., Sorensen, S. P., Steinhaeuser, P., Steffens, K., Stenlund, E., Stüken, D., and Young, G. R.
Abstract: Measurements of slow, singly charged fragments in the target rapidity region have been performed for proton and pion induced reactions with various nuclei at 200 GeV/c. Multiplicity, angular and energy distributions are examined and used to study the effects of rescattering in the nuclear medium. Data are compared to a “geometric cascade model” and to simulations with the VENUS 3.11 and the FRITIOF 1.7 Monte Carlo codes.
Published: 1993
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15. Local particle densities and global multiplicities in central heavy ion interactions at 3.7, 14.6, 60 and 200A GeV

Author: Adamovich, M. I., Aggarwal, M. M., Alexandrov, Y. A., Andreeva, N. P., Anson, Z. V., Arora, R., Avetyan, F. A., Badyal, S. K., Basova, E., Bhalla, K. B., Bhasin, A., Bhatia, V. S., Bogdanov, V. G., Bubnov, V. I., Burnett, T. H., Cai, X., Chasnikov, I. Y., Chernova, L. P., Chernyavsky, M. M., Eligbaeva, G. Z., Eremenko, L. E., Gaitinov, A. S., Ganssauge, E. R., Garpman, S., Gerassimov, S. G., Grote, J., Gulamov, K. G., Gupta, S. K., Gupta, V. K., Heckman, H. H., Huang, H., Jakobsson, B., Judek, B., Just, L., Kachroo, S., Kalyachkina, G. S., Kanygina, E. K., Karabova, M., Kaul, G. L., Kitroo, S., Kharlamov, S. P., Krasnov, S. A., Kulikova, S., Kumar, V., Lal, P., Larionova, V. G., Lepetan, V. N., Liu, L. S., Lokanathan, S., Lord, J., Lukicheva, N. S., Luo, S. B., Maksimkina, T. N., Mangotra, L. K., Marutyan, N. A., Maslennikova, N. V., Mittra, I. S., Mookerjee, S., Nasrulaeva, H., Nasyrov, S. H., Navotny, V. S., Nystrand, J., Orlova, G. I., Otterlund, I., Palsania, H. S., Peresadko, N. G., Petrov, N. V., Plyushchev, V. A., Qarshiev, D. A., Qian, W. Y., Qin, Y. M., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Rao, N. K., Rappoport, V. M., Rhee, J. T., Saidkhanov, N., Salmanova, N. A., Sarkisova, L. G., Sarkisyan, V. R., Shabratova, G. S., Shakhova, T. I., Shpilev, S. N., Skelding, D., Söderström, K., Solovjeva, Z. I., Stenlund, E., Surin, E. L., Svechnikova, L. N., Tolstov, K. D., Tothova, M., Tretyakova, M. I., Trofimova, T. P., Tuleeva, U., Vokal, S., Wang, H. Q., Weng, Z. Q., Wilkes, R. J., Xia, Y. L., Xu, G. F., Zhang, D. H., Zheng, P. Y., Zhochova, S. I., and Zhou, D. C.
Abstract: The energy and centrality dependence of local particle pseudorapidity densities as well as validity of various parametrizations of the distributions are examined. The dispersion, s, of the rapidity density distribution of produced particles varies slowly with centrality and is 0.80, 0.98, 1.21 and 1.41 for central interactions at 3.7, 14.6, 60 and 200A GeV incident energy, respectively, s is found to be independent of the size of the interacting system at fixed energy. A novel way of representing the window dependence of the multiplicity as normalized variance versus inverse average multiplicity is outlined.
Published: 1992
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16. Bose-einstein correlations in the target fragmentation region in 200A GeV16O+nucleus collisions

Author: Albrecht, R., Awes, T. C., Beckmann, P., Berger, F., Bloomer, M. A., Bock, D., Bock, R., Claesson, G., Clewing, G., Dragon, L., Eklund, A., Ferguson, R. L., Franz, A., Garpman, S., Glasow, R., Gustafsson, H. Å., Gutbrod, H. H., Hartig, M., Hölker, G., Idh, J., Jacobs, P., Kampert, K. H., Kolb, B. W., Kristiansson, P., Löhner, H., Lund, I., Obenshain, F. E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Peitzmann, T., Persson, S., Plasil, F., Poskanzer, A. M., Purschke, M., Ritter, H. G., Roters, B., Saini, S., Santo, R., Schmidt, H. R., Schmidt, R., Sørensen, S. P., Steffens, K., Steinhauser, P., Stenlund, E., Stüken, D., Tincknell, M. L., Twyhues, A., and Young, G. R.
Abstract: Correlations between positive pions are investigated in the target fragmentation region of 200A GeV16O+nucleus collisions. The pions are measured with the Plastic Ball detector in the WA80 experiment at the CERN SPS. The target mass dependence of the radii and the correlation strength extracted by interferometry is studied. A new approach to the fit of the correlation function is introduced. The correlation strength and both invariant and transverse radii increase with decreasing target mass. The transverse radius for16O+C reactions appears to be much larger than the geometrical radius of the nuclei involved. For the Au target only a small fraction of the measured pions contributes to the apparent correlation. Hints for a much larger second component in16O+Au reactions are observed. Rescattering phenomena may provide a clue to understand these phenomena.
Published: 1992
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17. Upper limit for thermal direct photon production in heavy-ion collisions at 60 and 200A·GeV

Author: Albrecht, R., Awes, T. C., Beckmann, P., Berger, F., Bock, D., Bock, R., Claesson, G., Clewing, G., Dragon, L., Eklund, A., Ferguson, R. L., Franz, A., Garpman, S., Glasow, R., Gustafsson, H. Å., Gutbrod, H. H., Hölker, G., Idh, J., Jacobs, P., Kampert, K. H., Kolb, B. W., Kristiansson, P., Löhner, H., Lund, I., Obenshain, F. E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Peitzmann, T., Plasil, F., Poskanzer, A. M., Purschke, M., Ritter, H. G., Santo, R., Saini, S., Schmidt, H. R., Sørensen, S. P., Steffens, K., Stüken, D., Stenlund, E., Tincknell, M., and Young, G. R.
Abstract: The production of direct photons has been investigated in reactions ofp and16O projectiles at 60 and 200A·GeV with C and Au nuclei. Photon and p0 spectra have been measured in the pseudorapidity range 1.5???2.1 for the transverse momentum region 0.4 GeV/c?pT?2.8 GeV/c employing the lead-glass spectrometer SAPHIR. An upper limit of 15% at the 90% confidence level for the direct photon signal relative to the neutral pion production is obtained from the comparison of measured photon spectra with Monte Carlo simulations of the hadronic background based on the reconstructed yield of p0 and ? mesons. Consequences for a possible phase transition to a quark-gluon plasma are discussed.
Published: 1991
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18. Transverse momentum distributions of neutral pions from central and peripheral16O+Au collisions at 200A·GeV

Author: Albrecht, R., Awes, T. C., Baktash, C., Beckmann, P., Berger, F., Bock, R., Claesson, G., Clewing, G., Dragon, L., Ferguson, R. L., Franz, A., Garpman, S., Glasow, R., Gustafsson, H. Å., Gutbrod, H. H., Kampert, K. H., Kolb, B. W., Kristiansson, P., Lee, I. Y., Löhner, H., Lund, I., Obershain, F. E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Peitzmann, T., Persson, S., Plasil, F., Poskanzer, A. M., Purschke, M., Ritter, H. G., Santo, R., Schmidt, H. R., Siemiarczuk, T., Sørensen, S. P., Stenlund, E., and Young, G. R.
Abstract: The production of neutral pions by the interaction of 200A·GeV p and16O projectiles with a Au target has been studied in the pseudorapidity range 1.5???2.1. Transverse momentum spectra have been measured between 0.4 GeV/c and 3.6 GeV/c and their dependence on the centrality of the collision has been investigated. The peripheral-collision spectra display a marked change of slope with a hard component starting at about 1.8 GeV/c, in contrast to central-collision data. The data are discussed in comparison to p+p and a+a data from the ISR.
Published: 1990
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19. Composition of particles emitted at largepT and medium angles inpp, dd, andαα collisions at the CERN intersecting storage rings

Author: Breakstone, A., Claesson, G., Crawley, H. B., Dallavalle, G. M., Doroba, K., Drijard, D., Fabbri, F., Firestone, A., Faessler, M. A., Fischer, H. G., Fung, S. Y., Garpman, S., Geist, W., Giacomelli, G., Gokieli, R., Gorbics, M., Gruhn, C. R., Hanke, P., Heiden, M., Herr, W., Ketel, T. J., Kluge, E. E., Lamsa, J. W., Lohse, T., Lund, I., Mankel, R., Meyer, W. T., Mornacchi, G., Nakada, T., Otterlund, I., Panter, M., Pugh, H., Putzer, A., Rauschnabel, K., Rensch, B., Rimondi, F., Schmelling, M., Siroli, G. P., Sosnowski, R., Stenlund, E., Szczekowski, M., Szwed, R., Ullaland, O., Walczak, R., Wegener, D., and Wunsch, M.
Abstract: The relative yields of kaons and protons compared with the yield of pions at highpT and polar angles ? away from 90° (in the range from 10° to 45°) are presented forpp, dd, and aa interactions at a centre-of-mass energy GeV per nucleon-nucleon collision. The measured particle ratios depend on the atomic mass numberA of the beam particles and on ?. TheA dependence of the ratios becomes stronger for largerpT and is more pronounced at smaller polar angles.
Published: 1986
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20. High-pTαα andαp interactions

Author: Bell, W., Braune, K., Claesson, G., Drijard, D., Faessler, M. A., Fischer, H. G., Frehse, H., Frey, R. W., Garpman, S., Geist, W., Gruhn, C., Hanke, P., Heiden, M., Herr, W., Innocenti, P. G., Ketel, T. J., Kluge, E. E., Lund, I., Mornacchi, G., Nakada, T., Otterlund, I., Panter, M., Povh, B., Putzer, A., Stenlund, E., Symons, T. J. M., Szwed, R., and Ullaland, O.
Abstract: Properties of secondaries associated with a high-pT charged trigger particle (3T<5 GeV/c) were studied for ap and aa interactions at c.m. energies GeV and 125 GeV, respectively. ThepT distributions of secondaries in the away-jet and trigger-jet regions were compared with those for high-pT pp interactions. No statistically significant differences were seen, except at lowpT. Momentum and angular distributions of spectator and leading protons were studied as a function of charge and rapidity of the trigger hadron. The observed correlations between trigger charge and number of spectator protons provide evidence of valence quark contributions to the trigger jet.
Published: 1986
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21. Two particle rapidity correlation in proton-emulsion nucleus interactions at 400 GeV

Author: Simić, Lj., Rak, L., Adamović, O., Jurić, M., Chü, Tsai, Kim, C. O., Lory, J., Willot, B., Schune, D., Meton, C., Kaiser, R., Otterlund, I., Stenlund, E., Areti, H., Hébert, C. J., Hébert, J., Baumann, G., Devienne, R., Schmidt, R., Bravo, L., Niembro, R., Ruiz, A., Villar, E., Bolta, J. M., and Sanchis, M. A.
Abstract: We present a study of two-particle correlations in proton-emulsion nucleus reactions at 400 GeV. In particular the correlations at different nuclear excitations and different rapidity regions are treated. Positive correlations, depending on nuclear excitation, are observed in the rapidity region ?<1.5.
Published: 1979
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22. Charged particle spectra in αα and αp collisions at the CERN ISR

Author: Bell, W., Braune, K., Glaesson, G., Drijard, D., Faessler, M. A., Fischer, H. G., Frehse, H., Garpman, S., Geist, W., Gruhn, C., Hanke, P., Heiden, M., Herr, W., Innocenti, P. G., Ketel, T. J., Kluge, E. E., Lund, I., Mornacchi, G., Nakada, T., Otterlund, I., Povh, B., Putzer, A., Rensch, B., Stenlund, E., Symons, T. J. M., Szczekowski, M., Szwed, R., Ullaland, O., and Wunsch, M.
Abstract: Momenta of charged particles produced in inelastic aa, ap, andpp collisions were measured using the Split-Field-Magnet detector at the CERN Intersecting Storage Rings. Inclusive and semi-in-clusive spectra are presented as a function of rapidityy, Feynman-x, and transverse momentumpT. The inclusivey distributions agree well with predictions of the dual parton model; the highest particle densities are reached aty?0 and the momenta of leading protons decrease significantly for increasing total multiplicity. ‘Temperatures’ are equal in aa, ap, andpp interactions. ThepT distributions depend weakly on the multiplicity.
Published: 1985
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23. Nuclear interaction of 300 GeV negative poins in emulsion

Author: Jurić, M., Krmpotić, Dj., Adamović, O., Gerc, V., Rak, L., Lory, J., Schune, D., Tsai-Chü, Willot, B., Hong, K. P., Kim, C. O., Kim, S. N., Moon, K. A., Schmidt, R., Otterlund, I., Baumann, G., Agüera, M. Lopez, Niembro, R., Ruiz, A., and Villa, E.
Abstract: Experimental data are presented on charged particle multiplicities production in interactions of 300 GeV/c negative poins with emulsion nuclei. Correlations were established and the obtained parameters of multiplicity distributions compared with those obtained from proton-nucleus interaction data at 300 GeV/c.
Published: 1984
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24. Two-particle rapidity correlations in αα, αp, andp p interactions at the CERN intersecting storage rings

Author: Bell, W., Braune, K., Claesson, G., Drijard, D., Faessler, M. A., Fischer, H. G., Frehse, H., Frey, R. W., Garpman, S., Geist, W., Gruhn, C., Hanke, P., Heiden, M., Herr, W., Innocenti, P. G., Ketel, T. J., Kluge, E. E., Lund, I., Mornacchi, G., Nakada, T., Otterlund, I., Povh, B., Putzer, A., Rensch, B., Stenlund, E., Symons, T. J. M., Szwed, R., Ullaland, O., and Wunsch, M.
Abstract: Two-particle rapidity correlations have been studied for aa, ap, andp p interactions at the CERN ISR using the Split-Field Magnet (SFM) detector. In order to isolate the true two-particle correlations, the analysis was performed at fixed charged multiplicity. In the framework of a simple cluster model, it is found that cluster widths as well as cluster multiplicities are the same for aa, ap, andp p interactions, and both decrease with increasing charged multiplicity.
Published: 1984
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25. Energy, target, projectile and multiplicity dependences of intermittency behaviour in high energy O(Si, S) induced interactions

Author: Adamovich, M. I., Aggarwal, M. M., Alexandrov, Y. A., Ameeva, Z. U., Andreeva, N. P., Anzon, Z. V., Arora, R., Badyal, S. K., Bhalla, K. B., Bhasin, A., Bhatia, V. S., Bubnov, V. I., Burnett, T. H., Cai, X., Chasnikov, I. Y., Chernova, L. P., Chernyavski, M. M., Dressel, B., Eligbaeva, G. Z., Eremenko, G. Z., Friedlander, E. M., Gadzhieva, S. I., Gaitinov, A. S., Ganssauge, E. R., Garpman, S., Gerassimov, S. G., Grote, J., Gulamov, K. G., Gupta, S. K., Gupta, V., Heckman, H. H., Huang, H., Jakobsson, B., Judek, B., Kachroo, S., Kadyrov, F. G., Kalyachkina, G. S., Kanygina, E. K., Kaul, G. L., Kaur, M., Kharlamov, S. P., Koss, T., Kumar, V., Lal, P., Larionova, V. G., Lindstrom, P. J., Liu, L. S., Lokanathan, S., Lord, J., Lukicheva, N. S., Luo, S. B., Mangotra, L. K., Maslennikova, N. V., Mitrra, I. S., Mookerjee, S., Mueller, C., Nasyrov, S. H., Navotny, V. S., Orlova, G. I., Otterlund, I., Palsania, H. S., Peresadko, N. G., Persson, S., Petrov, N. V., Qian, W. Y., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Rao, N. K., Rhee, J. T., Salmanova, N. A., Shultz, W., Skakhova, C. I., Singh, B., Skelding, D., Söderström, K., Stenlund, E., Strausz, S. C., Sun, J. F., Svechnikova, L. N., Tretyakova, M. I., Wang, H. Q., Weng, Z. O., Wilkes, R. J., Xu, G. F., Zhang, D. H., Zheng, P. Y., Zhou, D. C., and Zhou, J. C.
Abstract: Fluctuations of charged particles in high energy oxygen, silicon and sulphur induced interactions are investigated with the method of scaled factorial moments. It is found that for decreasing bin size down to d?~0.1 the EMU01 data exhibits intermittent behaviour. The intermittency indexes are found to decrease with increasing incident energy and multiplicity and to increase with increasing target mass. It seems also to increase as the projectile mass increases.
Published: 1991
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26. Many-particle rapidity correlations in light-ion interactions at the CERN intersecting storage rings

Author: Bell, W., Breakstone, A., Claesson, G., Crawley, H. B., Dallavalle, G. M., Doroba, K., Drijard, D., Fabbri, F., Firestone, A., Faessler, M. A., Fischer, H. G., Fung, S. Y., Garpman, S., Geist, W., Giacomelli, G., Gokieli, R., Gorbics, M., Gruhn, C. R., Hanke, P., Heiden, M., Herr, W., Ketel, T. J., Kluge, E. E., Lamsa, J. W., Lohse, T., Lund, I., Mangotra, L. K., Mankel, R., Meyer, W. T., Mornacchi, G., Nakada, T., Otterlund, I., Panter, M., Pugh, H., Putzer, A., Rauschnabel, K., Rensch, B., Rimondi, F., Schmelling, M., Schroeder, L., Sosnowski, R., Stenlund, E., Symons, T. J. M., Szczekowski, M., Szwed, R., Ullaland, O., Walczak, R., Wegener, D., and Wunsch, M.
Abstract: Many-particle rapidity correlations have been studied for aa,dd, andpp interactions at the CERN Intersecting Storage Rings using the Split-Field Magnet detector, and basing the investigating on the distributions of rapidity gaps between particles. In the framework of a simple cluster model, it is found that all the data samples have similar features and that the events contain clusters of two different types.
Published: 1986
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27. Multiplicity and pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles from32S induced heavy ion interactions at 200A GeV

Author: Albrecht, R., Awes, T. C., Baktash, C., Beckmann, P., Berger, F., Bloomer, M. A., Bock, D., Bock, R., Claesson, G., Clewing, G., Dragon, L., Eklund, A., Ferguson, R., Franz, A., Garpman, S. I. A., Glasow, R., Gustafsson, H- Å., Gutbrod, H. H., Hölker, G., Idh, J., Jacobs, P., Kampert, K. -H., Kolb, B. W., Löhner, H., Lund, I., Obenshain, F. E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Peitzmann, T., Plasil, F., Poskanzer, A. M., Purschke, M. L., Ritter, H. -G., Roters, B., Saini, S., Santo, R., Schmidt, H. R., Sorensen, S. P., Steinhaeuser, P., Steffens, K., Stenlund, E., Stüken, D., and Young, G. R.
Abstract: Multiplicity and pseudorapidity distributions have been measured for32S+Al, Cu, Ag and Au at 200A GeV. The widths of the pseudorapidity distributions increase from central to peripheral collisions. The main contribution is assumed to come from the increasing fraction of charged particles stemming from the fragmentation of the target for peripheral collisions as compared to central collisions. On the average 170–180 charged particles per unit of pseudorapidity are attained for the most central32S+Au events at the maximum of the distribution. The target dependence of the yield of charged particles for central collisions is investigated. In the target rapidity region the yield is directly proportional to the target mass. The transverse energy per charged particle has been studied as a function of centrality and pseudorapidity. The experimental results are compared to the results from the Monte-Carlo model VENUS 3.11 which includes rescattering among secondaries. A comparison between different centrality triggers is made.
Published: 1992
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28. Transverse energy production in the target fragmentation region in16O-nucleus reactions at 60 and 200A GeV

Author: Albrecht, R., Awes, T. C., Baktash, C., Beckmann, P., Berger, F., Bock, R., Claesson, G., Clewing, G., Dragon, L., Eklund, A., Ferguson, R. L., Franz, A., Garpman, S., Glasow, R., Gustafsson, H. Å., Gutbrod, H. H., Idh, J., Jacobs, P., Kampert, K. H., Kolb, B. W., Kristiansson, P., Lee, I. Y., Löhner, H., Lund, I., Obenshain, F. E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Peitzmann, T., Persson, S., Plasil, F., Poskanzer, A. M., Purschke, M., Ritter, H. G., Saini, S., Santo, R., Schmidt, H. R., Siemiarczuk, T., Sorenseh, S. P., Stenlund, E., Tincknell, M., and Young, G. R.
Abstract: Charged pion yields and transverse energies of baryons are measured for the reaction16O+Cu, Ag, Au at 60 and 200A GeV bombarding energy in the target fragmentation region employing the Plastic Ball detector. Only little dependence of the measured quantities on the bombarding energy is found. The data are compared with the multi-chain fragmentation model of Ranft. As a result it turns out that a leading order formation zone cascade is not sufficient to explain the baryon yield and the transverse energies of baryons in the target fragmentation region.
Published: 1990
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29. Charged particle spectra in16O induced nuclear collisions at the CERN SPS

Author: Albrecht, R., Awes, T. C., Baktash, C., Beckmann, P., Berger, F., Bock, R., Claesson, G., Dragon, L., Ferguson, R. L., Franz, A., Garpman, S. I. A., Glasow, R., Gustafsson, H. Å., Gutbrod, H. H., Johnson, J. W., Kampert, K. -H., Kolb, B. W., Kristiansson, P., Lee, I. Y., Löhner, H., Lund, I., Obenshain, F. E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Peitzmann, T., Persson, S., Plasil, F., Poskanzer, A. M., Purschke, M., Ritter, H. G., Santo, R., Schmidt, H. R., Siemiarczuk, T., Sorensen, S. P., Stenlund, E., and Young, G. R.
Abstract: Charged particle multiplicity distributions and pseudo-rapidity density distributions from16O induced nuclear collisions at 200 and 60A GeV are presented. The data were taken, using a minimumbias trigger, with the WA80 set-up at the CERN SPS. In this presentation we focus on how the yield of charged particles depends on the projectile energy, the mass number of the target nucleus and the energy measured in a uranium-plastic sampling calorimeter covering angles close to zero degrees. The data are compared to simulations from the event generator FRITIOF.
Published: 1988
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30. Review of high energy heavy ion reactions in emulsion

Author: Otterlund, I.
Abstract: Results from experiments on high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions in emulsion are reviewed. Comparisons with hadron-nucleus collisions and with the Lund model FRITIOF for nucleus-nucleus collisions are presented. Correlation between hadronization and nuclear fragmentation is discussed.
Published: 1988
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31. Target fragmentation in proton-nucleus and16O-nucleus reactions at 60 and 200 GeV/nucleon

Author: Albrecht, R., Awes, T. C., Baktash, C., Beckmann, P., Claesson, G., Berger, F., Bock, R., Dragon, L., Ferguson, R. L., Franz, A., Garpman, S., Glasow, R., Gustafsson, H. Å., Gutbrod, H. H., Kampert, K. H., Kolb, B. W., Kristiansson, P., Lee, I. Y., Löhner, H., Lund, I., Obenshain, F. E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Peitzmann, T., Persson, S., Plasil, F., Poskanzer, A. M., Purschke, M., Ritter, H. G., Santo, R., Schmidt, H. R., Siemiarczuk, T., Sorensen, S. P., Stenlund, E., and Young, G. R.
Abstract: Target remnants withZ<3 from proton-nucleus and16O-nucleus reactions at 60 and 200 GeV/nucleon were measured in the angular range from 30° to 160° (-1.716O-induced reactions (˜300 MeV/c) than in proton-induced reactions (˜130 MeV/c). The baryon rapidity distributions are roughly in agreement with one-fluid hydrodynamical calculations at 60 GeV/nucleon16O+Au but are in disagreement at 200 GeV/nucleon, indicating the higher degree of transparency at the higher bombarding energy. Both, the transverse momenta of target spectators and the entropy produced in the target fragmentation region are compared to those attained in head-on collisions of two heavy nuclei at Bevalac energies. They are found to be comparable or do even exceed the values for the participant matter at beam energies of about 1–2 GeV/nucleon.
Published: 1988
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32. Oxygen-induced reactions at 60A GeV and 200A GeV studied by calorimetry

Author: Albrecht, R., Awes, T. C., Baktash, C., Beckmann, P., Berger, F., Bock, R., Claesson, G., Dragon, L., Ferguson, R. L., Franz, A., Garpmann, S., Glasow, R., Gustafsson, H. A., Gutbrod, H. H., Kampert, K. H., Kolb, B. W., Kristiansson, P., Lee, I. Y., Lohner, H., Lund, I., Obenshain, F. E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Peitzmann, T., Persson, S., Plasil, F., Poskanzer, A. M., Purschke, M., Ritter, H. G., Santo, R., Schmidt, H. R., Siemiarczuk, T., Sorensen, S. P., Stenlund, E., and Young, G. R.
Abstract: Results based on calorimetric measurements are presented from reactions of 60A GeV and 200A GeV16O projectiles with C, Cu, Ag, and Au nuclei. Minimum-bias cross sections are discussed. Energy spectra measured at zero degrees and transverse-energy distributions for the pseudorapidity range 2.4??=5.5 are shown. An analysis of the average transverse energy in terms of the number of participating nucleons and the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions is presented. Estimates of nuclear stopping and of attained energy densities are made.
Published: 1988
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33. A study of recoil protons in ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions

Author: Adamovich, M.I., Aggarwal, M.M., Arora, R., Alexandrov, Y.A., Basova, E., Bhalla, K.B., Bhasin, A., Bhatia, V.S., Bondarenko, R.A., Burnett, T.H., Cai, X., Chernova, L.P., Chernyavsky, M.M., Dressel, B., Friedlander, E.M., Gadzhieva, S.I., Ganssauge, E.R., Garpman, S., Gerassimov, S.G., Gill, A., Grote, J., Gulamov, K.G., Gulyamov, U.G., Hackel, S., Heckman, H.H., Judek, B., Kachroo, S., Kadyrov, F.G., Kallies, H., Kaul, G.L., Kaur, M., Kharlamov, S.P., Kumar, V., Lal, P., Larionova, V.G., Lindstrom, P.J., Liu, L.S., Lokanathan, S., Lord, J., Lukicheva, N.S., Mangotra, L.K., Maslennikova, N.V., Mittra, I.S., Mookerjee, S., Mueller, C., Nasyrov, S.H., Navotny, V.S., Orlova, G.I., Otterlund, I., Peresadko, N.G., Persson, S., Petrov, N.V., Qian, W.Y., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Rao, N.K., Rhee, J.T., Saidkhanov, N., Salmanova, N.A., Schultz, W., Shukla, V.S., Skelding, D., Söderström, K., Stenlund, E., Storey, R.S., Sun, J.F., Svechnikova, L.N., Tretyakova, M.I., Trofimova, T.P., Wang, H.Q., Weng, Z.O., Wilkes, R.J., Xu, G.F., Zhang, D.H., Zheng, P.Y., Zhou, D.C., and Zhou, J.C.
Abstract: An investigation of the energy dependence of grey prong producing particles in 16O+ emulsion interactions at energies from 2.1 to 200 AGeV is reported. Many of the features of these particles, known from hadron-induced interactions, are shown to be of importance also in heavy-ion interactions, i.e. multiplicity and angular distributions as well as the impact parameter dependence are energy independent. Furthermore the angular distribution seems to be independent of the projectile and target masses as well as centrality of the interactions. Both the Fritiof and Ranft models fail to reproduce this general angular shape.
Published: 1989
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34. Bounce - off in <SUP>197</SUP>Au induced collisions with Ag(Br) nuclei at 11.6 A GeV/c

Author: Adamovich, M.I., Aggarwal, M.M., Alexandrov, Y.A., Amirikas, R., Andreeva, N.P., Anzon, Z.V., Avetyan, F.A., Badyal, S.K., Bakich, A.M., Basova, E., Bhalla, K.B., Bhasin, A., Bhatia, V.S., Bogdanov, V.G., Bradnova, V., Bubnov, V.I., Cai, X., Chasnikov, I.Y., Chen, G.M., Chernova, L.P., Chernyavsky, M.M., Dhamija, S., El Chenawi, K., Eligbaeva, G.Z., Eremenko, L.E., Felea, D., Feng, S.Q., Gaitinov, A.S., Ganssauge, E.R., Garpman, S., Gerassimov, S.G., Gheata, A., Gheata, M., Grote, J., Gulamov, K.G., Gupta, S.K., Gupta, V.K., Haiduc, M., Hasegan, D., Henjes, U., Jakobsson, B., Just, L., Kalyachkina, G.S., Kanygina, E.K., Karabová, M., Kharlamov, S.P., Kim, I.C., Kovalenko, A.D., Krasnov, S.A., Kumar, V., Larionova, V.G., Lee, C.G., Li, Y.X., Liu, L.S., Liu, Z.G., Lokanatan, S., Lord, J.J., Lu, Y., Lukicheva, N.S., Luo, S.B., Mangotra, L.K., Manhas, I., Marutyan, N.A., Mashkov, Y.A., Maslennikova, N.V., Mittra, I.S., Musaeva, A.K., Nasyrov, S.Z., Navotny, V.S., Nystrand, J., Orlova, G.I., Otterlund, I., Pavuková, A., Peak, L.S., Peresadko, N.G., Petrov, N.V., Plyushchev, V.A., Qian, W.Y., Qin, Y.M., Raniwala, R., Rao, N.K., Rhee, J.-T., Roeper, M., Rusakova, V.V., Saidkhanov, N., Salmanova, N.A., Sarkisova, L.G., Sarkisyan, V.R., Seitimbetov, A.M., Sethi, R., Shakhova, C.I., Singh, B., Skelding, D., Söderström, K., Stenlund, E., Svechnikova, L.N., Tawfik, A.M., Tretyakova, M.I., Trofimova, T.P., Tuleeva, U.I., Tursunov, B.P., Vashisht, V., Vokál, S., Vrláková, J., Wang, H.Q., Wang, H.S., Wang, X.R., Weng, Z.Q., Wilkes, R.J., Yang, C.B., Yin, Z.B., Yu, L.Z., Zhang, D.H., Zheng, P.Y., Zhokhova, S.I., and Zhou, D.C.
Abstract: Using emulsion detectors a transverse-momentum analysis of projectile fragments has been performed in Au induced nuclear interactions at 11.6 A GeV/c. Evidence for collective flow of the projectile fragments has been obtained. Angular distributions of the principal vectors of projectile and target fragments have shown strong azimuthal correlation.
Published: 1998
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35. Critical behaviour in Au fragmentation at 10.7A GeV

Author: Adamovich, M.I., Aggarwal, M.M., Alexandrov, Y.A., Amirikas, R., Andreeva, N.P., Avetyan, F.A., Badyal, S.K., Bakich, A.M., Basova, E.S., Bhalla, K.B., Bhasin, A., Bhatia, V.S., Bogdanov, V.G., Bradnova, V., Bubnov, V.I., Cai, X., Chasnikov, I.Y., Chen, G.M., Chernova, L.P., Chernyavski, M.M., Dhamija, S., Gaitinov, A.S., Ganssauge, E.R., Garpman, S., Gerassimov, S.G., Grote, J., Gulamov, K.G., Gupta, S.K., Gupta, V.K., Haiduc, M., Henjes, U., Jakobsson, B., Just, L., Kanygina, E.K., Karabova, M., Karlsson, L., Kharlamov, S.P., Kovalenko, A.D., Krasnov, S.A., Kumar, V., Larionova, V.G., Li, Y.X., Liu, L.S., Liu, Z.G., Lokanathan, S., Lord, J.J., Lukicheva, N.S., Lu, Y., Luo, S.B., Mangotra, L.K., Manhas, I., Marutyan, N.A., Musaeva, A.K., Nasyrov, S.Z., Navotny, V.S., Nystrand, J., Orlova, G.I., Otterlund, I., Peak, L.S., Peresadko, N.G., Plyushchev, V.A., Qian, W.Y., Qin, Y.M., Raniwala, R., Rao, N.K., Rhee, J.-T., Roeper, M., Rusakova, V.V., Saidkhanov, N., Salmanova, N.A., Sarkisova, L.G., Sarkisyan, V.R., Seitimbetov, A.M., Sethi, R., Shakhova, C.I., Singh, B., Skelding, D., Söderström, K., Stenlund, E., Svechnikova, L.N., Tawfik, N.A., Tothova, M., Tretyakova, M.I., Trofimova, T.P., Tuleeva, U.I., Vokal, S., Vrlakova, J., Wang, H.Q., Wang, S.H., Wang, X.R., Weng, Z.Q., Wilkes, R.J., Yang, C.B., Zhang, D.H., Zheng, P.Y., Zhokhova, S.I., and Zhou, D.C.
Abstract: Abstract.: The complete charge distribution of products from Au nuclei fragmenting in nuclear emulsion at 10.7A GeV has been measured. Multiplicities of produced particles and particles associated with the target source are used to select peripheral and central events. A statistical analysis, based on event-by-event charge distributions, show that a population of subcritical, critical and supercritical events, i.e. a phase transition like behaviour, is observed among peripheral collisions.
Published: 1998
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36. A systematic study of the energy independent behaviour of the fragmentation regions in16O-Em interactions from 3.7 to 200A GeV

Author: Adamovich, M. I., Aggarwal, M. M., Alexandrov, Y. A., Andreeva, N. P., Anson, Z. V., Arora, R., Avetyan, F. A., Badyal, S. K., Basova, E., Bhalla, K. B., Bhasin, A., Bhatia, V. S., Bogdanov, V. G., Bubnov, V. I., Burnett, T. H., Cai, X., Chasnikov, I. Y., Chernova, L. P., Chernyavski, M. M., Eligbaeva, G. Z., Eremenko, L. E., Gaitinov, A. S., Ganssauge, E. R., Garpman, S., Gerassimov, S. G., Grote, J., Gulamov, K. G., Gupta, S. K., Heckman, H. H., Jakobsson, B., Judek, B., Kachroo, S., Kadyrov, F. G., Kalyachkina, G. S., Kanygina, E. K., Karabova, M., Kaul, G. L., Kharlamov, S. P., Koss, T., Krasnov, S. A., Kumar, V., Lal, P., Larionova, V. G., Lepetan, V. N., Liu, L. S., Liu, Y. Z., Lokanathan, S., Lord, J., Lukicheva, N. S., Luo, S. B., Mangotra, L. K., Marutyan, N. A., Maslennikova, N. V., Mittra, I. S., Mookerjee, S., Nasrulaeva, H., Nasyrov, S. H., Navotny, V. S., Orlova, G. I., Otterlund, I., Palsania, H. S., Peresadko, N. G., Petrov, N. V., Plyushchev, V. A., Qian, W. Y., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Rao, N. K., Rappoport, V. M., Ravina, J., Rhee, J. T., Saidkhanov, N., Salmanova, N. A., Sarkisova, L. G., Sarkisyan, V. R., Shabratova, G. S., Shakhova, T. I., Skelding, D., Söderström, K., Solovjeva, Z. I., Stenlund, E., Strausz, S. C., Svechnikova, L. N., Tolstov, K. D., Tretyakova, M. I., Trofimova, T. P., Tuleeva, U., Vokal, S., Wang, H. O., Weng, Z. O., Wilkes, R. J., Xu, G. F., Zhang, D. H., Zheng, P. Y., Zhochova, S. I., and Zhou, D. C.
Abstract: The scaling behaviour in the fragmentation regions is investigated for16O-Em interactions from 3.7 to 200A GeV. It is found that in both the projectile- and the target-fragmentation regions, the multiplicity and pseudo-rapidity distributions as well as the two-particle pseudo-rapidity correlations are independent of incident energy. The intermittency indices at 14.6, 60 and 200A GeV are the same within the experimental errors, indicating that the limiting fragmentation hypothesis works with regard to dynamical as well as statistical fluctuations.
Published: 1992
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37. Two-dimensional pixel readout of wire chambers

Author: Carlen, L., Garpman, S., Gustafsson, H.-A., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Stenlund, E., Svensson, T., and Soederstroem, K.
Published: 1997
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38. 28Si(32S) fragmentation at 3.7 A, 14.6 A and 200 A GeV

Author: Adamovich, M. I., Aggarwal, M. M., Alexandrov, Y. A., Amirikas, R., Andreeva, N. P., Anzon, Z. V., Arora, R., Avetyan, F. A., Badayal, S. K., Bakich, A. M., Basova, E. S., Bazarov, I. K., Bhalla, K. B., Bhasin, A., Bhatia, V. S., Bogdanov, V. G., Bradnova, V., Bubnov, V. I., Burnett, T. H., Cai, X., Carshiev, D. A., Chasnikov, I. Y., Chernova, L. P., Chernyavski, M. M., Dhamia, S., Eligbaeva, G. Z., Eremenko, L. E., Gaitinov, A. S., Ganssauge, E. R., Garpman, S., Gerassimov, S. G., Graf, C., Grote, J., Gulamov, K. G., Gupta, S. K., Gupta, V. K., Jakobsson, B., Just, L., Kachroo, S., Kalyachkina, G. S., Kanygina, E. K., Karabova, M., Kitroo, S., Kharlamov, S. P., Kovalenko, A. D., Karsnov, S. A., Kumar, V., Larionova, V. G., Li, Y. D., Liu, L. S., Lokanathan, S., Lord, J. J., Lukicheva, N. S., Luo, S. B., Mangotra, L. K., Marutyan, N. A., Mashkov, A. Y., Maslennikova, N. V., Mittra, I. S., Mokerjee, S., Nasyrov, S. Z., Navotny, V. S., Nystrand, J., Ochs, M., Orlova, G. I., Otterlund, I., Peak, L. S., Peresadko, N. G., Petrov, N. V., Plyushchev, V. A., Qian, W. Y., Qin, Y. M., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Rao, N. K., Roeper, M., Rusakova, V. V., Saidkhanov, N., Salmanova, N. A., Sarkisova, L. G., Sarkisyan, V. R., Seitimbetov, A. M., Shabratova, G. S., Shakhova, C. I., Shpilev, S. N., Skelding, D., Söderström, K., Solovieva, Z. I., Stenlund, E., Svechnikova, L. N., Tothova, M., Tretyakova, M. I., Trofimova, T. P., Tuleeva, U. I., Tursunov, B. P., Vokal, S., Vrlakova, J., Wang, H. Q., Weng, Z. Q., Wilkes, R. J., Xia, Y. L., Yang, C. B., Zhang, D. H., Zheng, P. Y., Zhokhova, S. I., and Zhou, D. C.
Abstract: The fragmentation topology of28Si at 3.7A GeV and 14.6A GeV and32S at 200A GeV in reactions with emulsion nuclei is presented. The fragmentation cross sections are very similar at all three energies. A statistical percolation model can qualitatively describe the data forZ= 6. The He production is underestimated and the 3 =Z = 5 fragments overestimated by this model.
Published: 1995
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39. Search for anomalous interaction mean free paths of charge, 2≦Z≦18 projectile fragments in emulsions exposed to 1.8 A GeV40Ar ions

Author: Beri, S. B., Bhalla, K. B., Bhanja, R., Bharti, A., Bhatia, V. S., Claesson, G., Garpman, S., Gupta, S. K., Gupta, V. K., Herrstrom, N. Y., Jakobsson, B., Joseph, R., Kaul, G. L., Kaur, G., Kaur, M., Kitroo, S., Kumar, V., Lokanathan, S., Lund, I., Mangotra, L. K., Mitra, I. S., Mookerjee, S., Norén, B., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Prakash, Y., Persson, S., Rao, N. K., Sankhyadhar, S., Satti, S., Sherif, M. M., Söderström, K., and Tuli, S. K.
Abstract: 40Ar-emulsion interactions are studied, to investigate the question of anomalons, in twoG- 5 emulsion stacks. In about 4600 primary interactions, projectile fragments of Z≧2 for all generations have been followed until they interact or leave the stack. After careful estimation of charges of these fragments, variation of their mean free paths is studied as a function of distance from the preceding interaction. Generation effect,Nh dependence and production angle effect are investigated. In addition multi-chain events are analysed separately. Our results do not show anomalons at the 6% level and are consistent with non-occurrence of anomalons. However, this experiment is not sensitive enough to rule out anomalons (with a mfp of the order of 2 to 3 cm) produced at about 1% (or less) level.
Published: 1987
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40. Nuclear stopping power in αα anddd collisions

Author: Bell, W., Breakstone, A., Claesson, G., Crawley, H. B., Dallavalle, G. M., Doroba, K., Drijard, D., Fabbri, F., Firestone, A., Faessler, M. A., Fischer, H. G., Fung, S. Y., Garpman, S., Geist, W., Giacomelli, G., Gokieli, R., Gorbics, M., Gruhn, C. R., Hanke, P., Heiden, M., Herr, W., Ketel, T. J., Kluge, E. E., Lamsa, J. W., Lohse, T., Lund, I., Mankel, R., Meyer, W. T., Mornacchi, G., Nakada, T., Otterlund, I., Panter, M., Pugh, H., Putzer, A., Rauschnabel, K., Rensch, B., Rimondi, F., Schmelling, M., Schroeder, L., Sosnowski, R., Stenlund, E., Symons, T. J. M., Szczekowski, M., Szwed, R., Ullaland, O., Walczak, R., Wegener, D., and Wunsch, M.
Abstract: Inelasticaa anddd collisions were studied at a centre-of-mass energy vSNN=31.2 GeV per nucleon-nucleon collision, using the Split-Field Magnet (SFM) detector at the CERN ISR. In this paper we show the inclusive and semi-inclusive rapidity distributions of protons, compare them with predictions of the Lund model, and calculate the average rapidity loss for participant protons. From the negative particles we calculate the inelasticity of the interaction, the average energy per particle, and the degree of isotropy of the produced hadrons.
Published: 1986
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41. Evidence for directp p interactions in the fragmentation channelp +α →p + pX at √s=88 GeV

Author: Bell, W., Braune, K., Claesson, G., Drijard, D., Faessler, M. A., Fischer, H. G., Frehse, H., Frey, R. W., Garpman, S., Geist, W., Gruhn, C., Hanke, P., Heiden, M., Herr, W., Innocenti, P. G., Ketel, T. J., Kluge, E. E., Lund, I., Mornacchi, G., Nakada, T., Otterlund, I., Panter, M., Povh, B., Putzer, A., Stenlund, E., Symons, T. J. M., Szwed, R., and Ullaland, O.
Abstract: We have investigated kinematical correlations between the outgoing beam proton and the proton emerging from the fragmentingα-particle inpα collisions at . Strong correlations are seen, indicating the dominance of quasi-elasticpp scattering in the fragmentation channelp+α→p+pX, for the ¦t¦ range 0.05–1.00 (GeV/c)2. A Monte Carlo simulation of this process can explain the observed correlation spectra assuming an admixture of about 16% spectator protons.
Published: 1986
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42. Two-dimensional electronic readout system for multi-step-avalanche chambers

Author: Carlen, L., Garpman, S., Gustafson, H.-A., Loehner, H., Nystrand, J., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Svensson, T., Stenlund, E., and Soederstroem, K.
Published: 1997
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43. Bose-einstein correlations of soft pions in ultrarelativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions

Author: Awes, T. C., Bloomer, M. A., Blume, C., Bock, D., Bock, R., Bucher, D., Clewing, G., Garpman, S., Glasow, R., Gustafsson, H. Å., Gutbrod, H. H., Hölker, G., Idh, J., Jacobs, P., Kampert, K. H., Kolb, B. W., Löhner, H., Obenshain, F. E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Peitzmann, T., Plasil, F., Poskanzer, A. M., Purschke, M., Roters, B., Saini, S., Santo, R., Schmidt, H. R., Sørensen, S. P., Steffens, K., Steinhaeuser, P., Stenlund, E., Stüken, D., and Young, G. R.
Abstract: A detailed analysis of pair correlations of positive pions in the target fragmentation region is presented. Data on nuclear collisions at 200 GeV per nucleon were measured with the Plastic Ball in the WA80 experiment at the CERN SPS. The correlation functions are compared with analytical functions and with simulations incorporating Bose-Einstein symmetrization, final-state interactions and detector resolution. Source radii are shown to increase with increasing target size and with centrality. For central collisions the radii are larger than the geometrical sizes of the involved nuclei.
Published: 1995
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44. A study of angular correlations of projectile and target fragments in 1.4 A GeV Kr+Ag(Br) collisions

Author: Arora, R., Beri, S., Bhatia, V. S., Kaur, M., Mittra, I. S., Bhalla, K. B., Kumar, V., Lokanathan, S., Mookerjee, S., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Badyal, S. K., Bhasin, A., Gupta, V. K., Kitroo, S., Mangotra, L. K., Rao, N. K., Sankhyadhar, S., Garpman, S., Otterlund, I., Persson, S., Soderstrom, K., and Stenlund, E.
Abstract: A sample of high multiplicity quasi-central Kr84+Ag(Br) interactions has been'analysed in terms of angular correlations between projectile and target fragments. The azimuthal correlation of PFs and TFs suggests the presence of a weak collective (bounce-off) effect. Other observations like, target recoil velocity,F/B ratio of TFs with respect to direction of their source etc. are interpreted in terms of a simple two body quasi-elastic scattering and a modified Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution.
Published: 1989
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45. Evidence for azimuthal correlations in inelastic interactions of56Fe nuclei in emulsion at 2.5A GeV/c

Author: Azimov, S. A., Bengus, L. E., Boudarenko, A. I., Chernov, G. M., Gulamov, K. G., Gulyamov, U. G., Navotny, V. Sh., Petrov, N. V., Garpman, S., Jakobsson, B., Oskarsson, A., and Otterlund, I.
Abstract: Azimuthal correlations in angles between various types of charged secondary particles from inelastic interactions of relativistic56Fe nuclei with the nuclei of nuclear emulsions have been investigated. It is observed that all types of charged secondaries produced are emitted asymmetrically in the azimuthal plane. The degree of azimuthal asymmetry increases with the decrease of impact parameter.
Published: 1985
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46. Pion and proton emission in interactions induced by relativistic heavy nuclei withZ≧12

Author: Jakobsson, B., Kullberg, R., and Otterlund, I.
Abstract: The emission of pions and protons in interactions between heavy nuclei from the cosmic radiation (12≦Z≦26) and photoemulsion nuclei has been studied. The angular and energy distributions of target protons are similar to corresponding distributions in proton-nucleus interactions for emission angles >30°. In heavy ion interactions a forward peak of high energy target protons (E>200 MeV)is observed. The energy spectrum of target protons for angles <30° is remarkably flat for heavy ion interactions.
Published: 1975
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47. Fast helium nuclei in interactions induced by very heavy nuclei

Author: Jakobsson, B., Kullberg, R., and Otterlund, I.
Abstract: Fast helium nuclei emitted in interactions between heavy cosmic ray nuclei (12?Z?26) and photoemulsion nuclei at energies >1 GeV/nucleon have been studied. Comparisons with interactions where the incident particles are protons, pions or light nuclei reveal some characteristic features of nucleus-nucleus interactions. The frequency of fast target helium nuclei is much larger and the high energy tail of the energy spectrum of these helium nuclei is more pronounced in nucleus-nucleus interactions than in proton-nucleus and pion-nucleus interactions. The number of helium nuclei emitted depends on the size and disintegration of the interacting nuclei. In order to explain our experimental data several possible production mechanisms have to be considered. Some characteristics of the emission of multiply-charged projectile fragments have-also been studied.
Published: 1974
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48. Particle densities in ultrarelativistic heavy ion reactions extrapolated from proton-nucleus collisions

Author: Otterlund, I., Garpman, S., Lund, I., and Stenlund, E.
Abstract: Rapidity density distributions in central ultra-relativistic heavy ion reactions are estimated from high energy proton-nucleus collisions and compared with some cosmic ray events. Deviations from a simple scaling ofpA reactions are observed.
Published: 1983
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49. Global and local fluctuations in multiplicity and transverse energy for central ultra-relativistic heavy-ion interactions

Author: Albrecht, R., Awes, T. C., Baktash, C., Beckmann, P., Berger, F., Bock, R., Claesson, G., Clewing, G., Dragon, L., Eklund, A., Ferguson, R., Franz, A., Garpman, S. I. A., Glasow, R., Gustafsson, H. -Å., Gutbrod, H. H., Idh, J., Jacobs, P., Kampert, K. -H., Kolb, B. W., Kristiansson, P., Lee, I. Y., Löhner, H., Lund, I., Obensham, F. E., Oskarsson, A., Otterlund, I., Peitzmann, T., Persson, S., Plasil, F., Poskanzer, A. M., Purschke, M., Ritter, H. -G., Saini, S., Santo, R., Schmidt, H. R., Siemiarczuk, T., Sorensen, S. P., Steffens, K., Stenlund, E., Stüken, D., Tincknell, M., and Young, G. R.
Abstract: We present results from a comparison between experimental data and model calculations, in this case represented by the Fritiof model, regarding global and local fluctuations in the distributions of transverse energy and charged particle multiplicity. The results indicate that the observed fluctuations originate predominantly from the distribution of emitting sources, i.e. either the number of participating nucleons or the number of binary collisions. The apparently larger widths of the distributions observed in restricted regions of phase space, are explained to be of purely statistical nature. As a result of the analysis the cross section for events with energy densities much larger than the typical value for a central collision is limited. The very small scales, normally associated with studies of intermittent behaviour, are not within the scope of this paper. The results of the analysis are essentially independent of whether intermittence is of importance in the reactions or not.
Published: 1989
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50. Transverse-momentum distributions of multiply charged fragments in16O emulsion-nucleus interactions at 2.0 GeV/nucleon

Author: Jakobsson, B., Kullberg, R., and Otterlund, I.
Published: 1976
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