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Discusses the importance of rice, which is grown almost exclusively for human consumption and is the main staple in the diet of 1.6 billion people. Differentiation of Asian rice (Oryza sativa); The African species, O. glaberrima; Various countries' contribution to the world total of rice produced; Ecogenetic differentiation of rice; Reasons why rice is adaptable to a range of environmental conditions; Advances in genetics and biotechnology that increased rice yields per acre; The history of rice, a member of the grass family; Terracing in mountainous regions to extend cultivation areas in Asia; Outlook for rice production in the Temperate Zone.

The emergency faced by the U.S. agriculture is one which calls for emergency remedies. It is perhaps true that an abolition of tariffs which favor our manufacturing group and operate disadvantageously to farmers would correct the worst artificial handicaps they suffer. So much may be taken for granted since it is a matter by now of almost universal recognition among economists. The enumeration of "basic agricultural products" included only cotton, wheat, corn, rice, tobacco, and swine. What is notable about such a list is, of course, its restriction.

Long-term study in China shows yields hold up and farmers save money and time.

Copyright of Bragantia is the property of Instituto Agronomico de Campinas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bragantia is the property of Instituto Agronomico de Campinas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bragantia is the property of Instituto Agronomico de Campinas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents information on nuts and seeds. Inside the seed is a baby plant which will grow into a plant. There is also food in every seed. Some seeds which are good to eat include rice, nuts and beans. Wheat seeds are the source of flour. Anything that has seeds in it is a fruit, such as apples, oranges and peppers. Quizzes and science experiments related to seeds are also provided.

A protocol was developed to measure the glass transition temperature (Tg) of brown rice kernels using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). In order to accommodate the sample requirements of the dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer and prevent moisture loss during experiments, kernels were first wrapped with a thin layer of parafilm and then a thin layer of aluminum foil. The wrapped kernels were then filed at both ends with fine sandpaper to produce 3 mm long rice cylinders with parallel ends. The dynamic mechanical properties of brown rice kernels were determined over a temperature range of-40°C to 120°C. During each DMTA test, the onset temperature of glass transition was measured as the Tg of a brown rice kernel, since moisture diffusion and other physical properties begin to change drastically above the onset temperature. No dramatic changes in both the storage modulus (E′) and the loss modulus (E″) of brown rice kernels were found around Tg, indicating that relaxation of the amorphous phase of the rice kernel was quite limited. However, E″/E′ (tanδ) showed a much better transition for brown rice kernels, and thus the E″/E′ vs. temperature curves were used to determine Tg values of rice kernels. It was found that the Tg values of rice kernels decreased linearly with increases in moisture content (MC) within the tested range. The Tg of rice kernels was not affected by variety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Speculates on the origin of grain agriculture and considers what genetic process human beings brought to bear on wild grasses to convert them into grains suitable for agriculture. The concept of harvest; Definition of a true crop; The process of shattering; How bread wheat evolved. INSET: Wheat berries.;Wheat berry kebabs (recipes)..

The majority of crops remain sensitive to salt stress despite the steady increase in salt concentration in agricultural soil. In this issue of The EMBO Journal, Wang et al (2020) screen hundreds of tomato accessions to identify SlHAK20 as a gene accounting for quantitative differences in salt tolerance between accessions. SlHAK20 is a potassium transporter belonging to a poorly studied clade in a large family of transporters, and its mutation induces salt susceptibility both in tomato and rice., (© 2020 The Authors.)

Highlights rice varieties and the ways of preparing them. Growing popularity of rice in fine dining restaurants; Leading rice recipes; Health benefits of brown rice.

Major crops that compete with cotton in the short term are maize, rice, wheat, sugar and soybeans. The U.S. is the largest producer of maize and maize prices are commonly used as an indicator of world prices. U.S. maize prizes averaged $113 per ton in the 1990s. U.S. maize prized dropped 64% from a high of $204 per ton in May 1996 to a low of $74 in August 2000. Prices averaged $105 per ton in 2003, up 6% from 2002. Wheat prices averaged $149 per ton during the 1990s. Prices fell by 61% from a peak of $262 per ton in May 1996 to $102 in December 1999. Prices recovered to $190 in October 2002. In 2003, wheat prices averaged $146 per ton, down 1% from 2002. Rice prices averaged $303 per ton during the 1990s. Prices plummeted from a high of $450 per ton in February 1999 to $164 per ton in April-May 2001, a 64% drop. Prices bounced back to $203 per ton in June 2002. In 2003 prices averaged $198 per ton, up 3% from 2002. Sugar prices averaged 23 cents per kilogram during the nineties and 15.6 cents in 2003, up 3% from 2002. Prices fell by 65% from 32.5 cents per kilogram in January 1995 to 11.3 cents per kilogram in March 2000. Sugar prices seesawed, rebounding to 23.7 cents per pound in October 2000.

Looks at the interest in Japanese Sake or rice wine, served chilled rather than warm. Sake lists of the Chanterelle restaurant in New York City; How Sake is served in San Francisco; Full stocking of sake wines by the Minnie's Barbeque in Memphis; Topic of the major exhibition running through June at the Pacific Asia Museum in Pasadena, California.

THe article reports that researchers in Southeast Missouri State University’s Department of Agriculture along with the Missouri Rice Research and Merchandising Council (MRRMC) have announced a new rice variety bred in southeast Missouri now available to growers for the coming season. MM17 is a semi-dwarf, mid-season, medium-grain variety with excellent yield potential developed by pedigree selection in Southeast’s Rice Research Greenhouse in Malden, Maryland.

This article comments on Japan's agreement to partially open its rice market to imports in December 1993. Ever since Japan agreed to partially open its rice market to imports in December 1994, Japanese television watchers and magazine readers have been treated to all kinds of taste tests and contests about whether Japanese rice really is better than the much cheaper California variety.

The article reports on a study by researchers at Monmouth University in New Jersey which found lead concentrations ranging from six to 12 milligrams per 2.2 pounds of rice in several samples of imported rice. The study found that lead levels are much higher than the tolerable safety limits set by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Tsanangurayi Tongesayi, an associate professor at Monmouth University, said the study has found alarming results.

Reflects on rice production in Japan. Discovery of the oldest cultivated rice grains in South Korea in October 2003; Significance of rice production to Japan's economic management.

The article focuses on the discussion during the USA Rice Outlook Conference in Austin, Texas wherein mid-South rice producers stated that 2011 rice crop was a definite improvement over 2010 but yield and quality are still mixed. The article indicated that normal hoard farms between 1,500 to 1,800 acres of rice but decrease to 700 acres in 2011 since corn was a more viable crop during the year. U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) outlook estimated 2011 crop yield at 7,167 pounds per acre.

The article reveals that rice produced in the Hunan province in south-central China is found to contain higher than maximum contaminant levels set by the Chinese Food Standards Agency. Paul Williams of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the University of Aberdeen in Scotland tested 122 samples from local markets and found that 80% contained high levels of cadmium while 33% had lead concentrations. Contamination is blamed on mining operations that are close to rice paddies which seep into the environment and travel as sediments.

Reports on the benefits that farmers get from genetically modified rice in China. Use of fewer pesticides; Changes of the rice at gene level.

Reports on the development of colored rice by the Taiwanese government's Council of Agriculture. Colors which will be used in the development of colored rice; Nutritional content of the rice varieties; Number of colors which the researchers plan to develop.

This article advices on health matters. As hunger pangs strike, the tired, stressed-out part of brain begs as "French fries!" Many people think that to eat healthier, they need to overhaul their whole diet. Flavored fluids encourage you to drink more, so add lemons, limes, or cucumbers to help people drink their fill. With skim milk, people's morning "pick-me-up" will save them 80 calories and 11 fat grams per 12 fluid ounces. A simple substitute with big benefits, like fewer calories and twice as much fiber, brown rice is a great way to get vitamins, minerals, and fiber, which keeps them feeling full.

Reports on the announcement made by Luo Lijun, director of Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, that Hanyou No. 3 has been developed at the center.

Discusses the reason for naming 2004 the International Year of Rice. Importance of rice to people; Efforts of the International Rice Research Institute in the Philippines to develop higher-yielding rice varieties; Possible effect of global warming on rice production.

Presents information on Uncle Ben's Ready Rice precooked brown rice. Health benefits of brown rice; Price.

The ultimate feed, attractant and feed topper, Wildgame Innovation's Buck Bran is composed of extruded rice bran, cracked com, molasses, soybean meal, Vitamins A, D, E and calcium carbonate as well as a yeast enzyme to aid digestibility.

Reports on developments in the crossbreeding of super rice strain in Shenyang, China as of May 2003. Characteristics of the crossbred rice strains; Hectares of land that were allocated for rice-growing activity in northern China.