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Standard 24-hour antibiotic prophylaxis is widely employed to minimize the risk of infection complications within 30 days following radical cystectomy. However, a considerable variety of protocols and drug combinations don’t prevent a high complication rate, ranging from 37 to 67%. This paper presents the interim analysis of the MACS clinical trial, comparing antibiotic prophylaxis regimens by duration. To evaluate the rate of infection complications within 30 days following radical cystectomy by comparing standard 24-hour antibiotic prophylaxis (Group A) with a prolonged 120-hour regimen (Group B). Patients were randomized in a 1 : 1 ratio. The primary endpoint was the evaluation of the frequency of infection complications. The secondary endpoints were the rate of re-administrating antibiotics and the dynamics of the inflammation biomarker. A total of 78 patients (85.0% of the sample size) were enrolled (Group A: 40 and Group B: 38). The baseline and perioperative features were balanced between groups. The overall complication rate was higher in Group A (65.0% vs. 41.1%, p = 0.043). The infection complication rate was 2.7 times higher in the standard antibiotic prophylaxis group: 37.5% compared to 18.4% cases in Group B (p = 0.041), and upper urinary tract infection was more frequent in Group A (22.5% vs. 2.6%). The prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis reduced the overall frequency of infection complications compared with standard 24-hour prophylaxis (RR = 0.12; 95% CI 0.02–0.88; p = 0.037). In this interim analysis, the administration of prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis over 120 hours appears to be safe and feasible, demonstrating a reduction in the total number of complications, particularly infection complications.

This article presents an experimental confirmation of the decomposition of the ultrashort pulses (USP) in three structures based on folded meander microstrip lines. It was found that additional folding of the folded turn allows increasing the USP attenuation. The analysis of N-norms revealed that such folding allows the probability of electrical breakdown to be additionally reduced. Besides, the likelihood of arc discharge can be decreased. Meanwhile, the probability of equipment damage increases due to the total energy of the pulse, as well as the likelihood of dielectric breakdown. The maximum USP attenuation at the output of the folded turn was 6.94 times. Simulation results show acceptable agreement with measurements. The useful signal integrity was analyzed using a source of pseudorandom binary sequences of 10 000 bits at bitrate transfer rates of 50 and 100 Mbps. Based on this analysis, we recommend to use a folded turn in conjunction with a multiblock generator with a PLL1707 phase lock. We also propose to use the folded turn in conjunction with a gas discharge device to improve protective characteristics.

Triaxial HTS AC power cables, that incorporates three HTS phases wound around a single core within a single cable is considering the optimal solution for low and medium voltages power cables. To increase the power transmitted by a triaxial cable with keeping a cable diameter small enough, it is possible to increase an operation current by using a multilayer structure in each phase of a cable. This task demands a complicated optimization analysis to provide the proper current distribution between phases and tape layers in each phase. Recently, we developed and tested the triaxial cable where each phases had two layers made of 2G HTS tapes. The cable demonstrated all parameters coincided with the calculated ones. With an outer diameter of ∼24 mm, this is the most compact triaxial HTS power cable manufactured and tested up to date with currents up to ∼4 kA per phase. Measurement of AC losses by our standard digital electrical method turned out to be difficult for this cable. It was due to the problems by taking into account the distribution and phase shift of currents between all layers of the cable. To perform AC loss measurements, we have developed a test set-up for measuring losses by the calorimetric method. In this paper, we present the details of the test set-up and results of calorimetric measurements AC losses at different frequencies in the triaxial HTS cable with two layers per phase. Calculated AC losses by standard models are presented also and compared with the measured ones.

The paper analyzes ultrashort pulse (USP) decomposition in the meander microstrip line (MSL) turns when the distance (sn) between the non-core turns changes, both separately and simultaneously. It was found that the decrease in sn strengthens the distortion effect on the line output voltage waveform and decreases its amplitude. The results of N-norm analysis demonstrate that the reduction of sn decreases the probabilities of electrical breakdown, arc discharge, and component burnout. At the same time, due to total pulse energy, the probability of dielectric breakdown does not change, and the probability of component damage increases. The maximum attenuation of the USP at the output of the folded turn was 4.95 times. The results obtained in different software products show an acceptable agreement. The signal integrity was analyzed using a pseudo-random binary sequence source (PRBS) of 10.000 bits and bitrates of 50 Mbit/s and 100 Mbit/s. The effect of sn on the useful signal integrity is demonstrated. It is shown that at 50 Mbit/s some characteristics are improved. Based on the useful signal integrity analysis, it was pro-posed to use a folded turn with a phase locked oscillator PLL1707. It was also proposed to use the folded turn together with a gas-dis-charge device to improve the protective characteristics.

The paper analyzes ultrashort pulse (USP) decomposition in the meander microstrip line (MSL) turns when the distance (Sn) between the non-core turns changes, both separately and simultaneously. It was found that the decrease in Sn strengthens the distortion effect on the line output voltage waveform and decreases its amplitude. The results of N-norm analysis demonstrate that the reduction of Sn decreases the probabilities of electrical breakdown, arc discharge, and component burnout. At the same time, due to total pulse energy, the probability of dielectric breakdown does not change, and the probability of component damage increases. The maximum attenuation of the USP at the output of the folded turn was 4.95 times. The results obtained in different software products show an acceptable agreement. The signal integrity was analyzed using a pseudo-random binary sequence source (PRBS) of 10.000 bits and bitrates of 50 Mbit/s and 100 Mbit/s. The effect of Sn on the useful signal integrity is demonstrated. It is shown that at 50 Mbit/s some characteristics are improved. Based on the useful signal integrity analysis, it was proposed to use a folded turn with a phase locked oscillator PLL1707. It was also proposed to use the folded turn together with a gas-discharge device to improve the protective characteristics.

Multiferroic composites of (x)NiFe2O4 + (1-x)BaTiO3 with x = 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 and (x)CoFe2O4 + (1-x)BaTiO3 with x = 0.2, and 0.4 have been synthesized by mixing NiFe2O4 (CoFe2O4) spinel and BaTiO3 piezoelectric. Distribution of Ni (Co) ions on 8a and 16d positions of spinel lattice (space group F d-3m) is determined by neutron powder diffraction. Wave vector of magnetic structure of the spinel is k = 0. The dielectric permittivity of the composites was measured for the frequency range 102 – 105 Hz. At low frequencies the dielectric permittivity decreased from ~940 for x = 0.2 to ~360 for 0.4.

Using transmission electronic microscopy and mass spectrometry electron-dense thylakoids of chloroplasts of Stevia rebaudianaleaves during active vegetable growth of this plant were studied in relation to the biosynthesis of diterpenoid glycosides (DGs). It was found that these compounds are absent in these thylakoids, but they contain a water-insoluble weakly polar ent-kauren, a known biosynthetic precursor of DGs as well as gibberellins. This finding provides a base for the suggestion that similar, electron-dense, thylakoids were observed earlier by other authors in other plant species. These data allowed us to conclude that an intensive biosynthesis of ent-kauren is likely related to adaptation of the short-day plants including Stevia rebaudianato vegetable growth under the long day conditions.

Using transmission electronic microscopy and mass spectrometry electron-dense thylakoids of chloroplasts of Stevia rebaudiana leaves during active vegetable growth of this plant were studied in relation to the biosynthesis of diterpenoid glycosides (DGs). It was found that these compounds are absent in these thylakoids, but they contain a water-insoluble weakly polar ent-kauren, a known biosynthetic precursor of DGs as well as gibberellins. This finding provides a base for the suggestion that similar, electron-dense, thylakoids were observed earlier by other authors in other plant species. These data allowed us to conclude that an intensive biosynthesis of ent-kauren is likely related to adaptation of the short-day plants including Stevia rebaudiana to vegetable growth under the long day conditions.

Chemical diversity of secondary metabolites provides a considerable variety of pharmacological actions with a significant extension due to their combinations in plant extracts. Production of plant‐derived medicinal products in cell cultures has advantages because of the efficient use of different biotic and abiotic elicitors and better control of the developmental processes. Using PASS software, we predicted biological activity spectra for phytoconstituents identified in cell cultures of Panax japonicus(12 molecules), Tribulus terrestris(4 molecules), and Dioscorea deltoidea(3 molecules). Mechanisms of action associated with the antihypoxic effect were predicted for the majority of molecules. PharmaExpert software allowed analyzing possible synergistic or additive effects of the combinations of phytoconstituents associated with the antihypoxic action. Experimental studies of the antihypoxic effect of the plants′ extracts in water and ethanol have been performed in 3 animal models: Acute asphyctic hypoxia (AAH), Acute haemic hypoxia (AHeH), and Acute histotoxic hypoxia (AHtH). Effects of Panax japonicusand Tribulus terrestrispreparations exceeded the activity of the reference drug Mexidol in the AHtH model. In the AHeH model, all preparations demonstrated moderate activity; the most potent has been observed for Dioscorea deltoidea. Thus, we found that experimental studies in animal models have confirmed the in silicoprediction.