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Charles Desmarais 'Environmental Portraits' Afterimage 3, no. 4 (October 1975): 14 https://doi.org/10.1525/aft.1975.3.4.14 Since the migration of Afterimage to the University of California Press in 2019 and the launch of peer [...]

Additive manufacturing is an expanding multidisciplinary field encompassing applications including medical devices1, aerospace components2, microfabrication strategies3,4and artificial organs5. Among additive manufacturing approaches, light-based printing technologies, including two-photon polymerization6, projection micro stereolithography7,8and volumetric printing9–14, have garnered significant attention due to their speed, resolution or potential applications for biofabrication. Here we introduce dynamic interface printing, a new 3D printing approach that leverages an acoustically modulated, constrained air–liquid boundary to rapidly generate centimetre-scale 3D structures within tens of seconds. Unlike volumetric approaches, this process eliminates the need for intricate feedback systems, specialized chemistry or complex optics while maintaining rapid printing speeds. We demonstrate the versatility of this technique across a broad array of materials and intricate geometries, including those that would be impossible to print with conventional layer-by-layer methods. In doing so, we demonstrate the rapid fabrication of complex structures in situ, overprinting, structural parallelization and biofabrication utility. Moreover, we show that the formation of surface waves at the air–liquid boundary enables enhanced mass transport, improves material flexibility and permits 3D particle patterning. We, therefore, anticipate that this approach will be invaluable for applications where high-resolution, scalable throughput and biocompatible printing is required.

The article discusses the potential of emerging technologies, particularly Artificial Intelligence (AI), to revolutionize government agencies and human services. It highlights how AI can automate operations, provide data-driven insights, and modernize outdated processes. The article emphasizes the importance of starting small and gradually scaling up AI initiatives, while also measuring their impact and aligning them with business goals. It also emphasizes the need for executive commitment and collaboration between the business and IT departments. The article provides examples of successful AI initiatives in state health agencies and child welfare agencies. Overall, it encourages human services agencies to embrace AI and outlines key factors for achieving successful AI implementation. [Extracted from the article]

Natural ion channels are proteins embedded in the cell membrane that control many aspects of cell and human physiology by acting as gatekeepers, regulating the flow of ions in and out of cells. Advances in nanotechnology have influenced the methods for studying ion channels in vitro, as well as ways to unlock the delivery of therapeutics by modulating them in vivo. This review provides an overview of nanotechnology-enabled approaches for ion channel research with a focus on the synthesis and applications of synthetic ion channels. Further, the uses of nanotechnology for therapeutic applications are critically analyzed. Finally, we provide an outlook on the opportunities and challenges at the intersection of nanotechnology and ion channels. This work highlights the key role of nanoscale interactions in the operation and modulation of ion channels, which may prompt insights into nanotechnology-enabled mechanisms to study and exploit these systems in the near future.

In this work, we describe the construction and application of a repurposed 3D-printer as a fraction collector. We utilize a nano-LC to ensure minimal volumes and surfaces although any LC can be coupled. The setup operates as a high-pH fractionation system capable of effectively working with nanogram scales of lysate digests. The 2D RP–RP system demonstrated superior proteome coverage over single-shot data-dependent acquisition (DDA) analysis using only 5 ng of human cell lysate digest with performance increasing with increasing amounts of material. We found that the fractionation system allowed over 60% signal recovery at the peptide level and, more importantly, we observed improved protein level intensity coverage, which indicates the complexity reduction afforded by the system outweighs the sample losses endured. The application of data-independent acquisition (DIA) and wide window acquisition (WWA) to fractionated samples allowed nearly 8000 proteins to be identified from 50 ng of the material. The utility of the 2D system was further investigated for phosphoproteomics (>21 000 phosphosites from 50 μg starting material) and pull-down type experiments and showed substantial improvements over single-shot experiments. We show that the 2D RP–RP system is a highly versatile and powerful tool for many proteomics workflows.

In 1912, the lawyer and amateur archaeologist Charles Dawson sent a letter to his friend Arthur Smith Woodward, head of geology at the prestigious British Museum. He told Woodward about [...]

This column is adapted from a speech delivered at the 2019 American Climate Leadership Summit held in Washington, D.C., May 1-2, 2019. Robbers Cave State Park in Oklahoma may be [...]

We sought to identify seasonal, spatial, and water level predictors of black bass angler catch rates and effort densities (i.e., angler‐hours/ha) within Texas reservoirs. We tested for predictors of effort density and catch rate while building generalized additive models with responses derived from a long‐term creel data set and explanatory variables derived from the season of the creel survey, geoposition of the reservoir, and water level data obtained from the Texas Water Development Board. Season significantly affected models, with strong positive effects on catch rates during the spring and fall and strong positive effects on effort densities during the spring. Spatially, the strongest positive effects were observed for catch rates in the southern and eastern portions of the state and for effort densities in the northern and western portions of the state. Quarterly (i.e., 3 months) fluctuations in water level were identified as environmental drivers of catch rates and effort density during the springtime. Percent full (i.e., surface area relative to full pool) was also identified as a significant predictor, with increasing effort densities and catch rates at higher levels of percent full. Our study provides a comparative baseline for future evaluations of black bass fisheries in Texas and a depiction of key factors influencing black bass angler catch rates and effort densities using a modeling approach that may be applied within a variety of fisheries research applications. Impact statementTexas black bass reservoir fisheries are incredibly important both economically and culturally. Identifying drivers of catch and effort within these fisheries allows managers to better understand mechanisms influencing fishery performance and utilization. Texas black bass reservoir fisheries are incredibly important both economically and culturally. Identifying drivers of catch and effort within these fisheries allows managers to better understand mechanisms influencing fishery performance and utilization.

We conducted a longitudinal study during the 2022 U.S. midterm elections, investigating the real-world impacts of uncertainty visualizations. Using our forecast model of the governor elections in 33 states, we created a website and deployed four uncertainty visualizations for the election forecasts: single quantile dotplot (1-Dotplot), dual quantile dotplots (2-Dotplot), dual histogram intervals (2-Interval), and Plinko quantile dotplot (Plinko), an animated design with a physical and probabilistic analogy. Our online experiment ran from Oct. 18, 2022, to Nov. 23, 2022, involving 1,327 participants from 15 states. We use Bayesian multilevel modeling and post-stratification to produce demographically-representative estimates of people's emotions, trust in forecasts, and political participation intention. We find that election forecast visualizations can heighten emotions, increase trust, and slightly affect people's intentions to participate in elections. 2-Interval shows the strongest effects across all measures; 1-Dotplot increases trust the most after elections. Both visualizations create emotional and trust gaps between different partisan identities, especially when a Republican candidate is predicted to win. Our qualitative analysis uncovers the complex political and social contexts of election forecast visualizations, showcasing that visualizations may provoke polarization. This intriguing interplay between visualization types, partisanship, and trust exemplifies the fundamental challenge of disentangling visualization from its context, underscoring a need for deeper investigation into the real-world impacts of visualizations. Our preprint and supplements are available at https://doi.org/osf.io/ajq8f.

From scientific meetings to corporate boardrooms, many societal leaders are deeply concerned about what they perceive as a loss of public faith in technological innovation and the scientific enterprise. Rising [...]

'Genetic Code of Human Life Cracked by Scientists' was the June 27, 2000, front-page headline of The New York Times. The previous day, in an event held at the White [...]

I had been practicing yoga for a decade, but it took an unexplained injury to push me toward turning yoga into a daily routine. I had spent a brutally cold [...]

Over the past two decades, high profile debates over human origins, abortion, and stem cell research have distracted from the opportunities that scientists, skeptics, and religious Americans have to forge [...]

Purpose: Radiosurgery with the Gamma Knife is the golden standard for the treatment of brain metastasis cases but its accessibility however in many countries is limited. Modern radiotherapy has made this treatment possible using other equipment such as linear accelerator and Cyberknife. The objective of this study was to explore the distribution of available radiotherapy equipment for brain metastasis treatment in Africa and provide practical guidelines to the establishment of a Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) Program. Materials and methods: The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)’s Division of Human Health’s Directory for Radiotherapy Centres (DIRAC), served as the primary source for the distribution of radiotherapy equipment throughout Africa and worldwide. Data on megavoltage radiotherapy equipment for the 54 African countries were extracted from this database. Cancer incidence and brain metastasis assumption were made using data from the GLOBOCAN 2020 database and country’s income was assessed using the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita on the world economics database. Further literature search was also carried out in PubMed on the price and availability of dedicated equipment for brain metastasis management in Africa. All these searches were done in April, 2023. Results: There was increase in the number of brain metastasis cases. There were only two Gamma Knife machines in Africa. Three Cyberknife; two in Egypt and one in Kenya and 432 other megavoltage units (66 Cobalt-60s, 366 Linacs) distributed across the continent. The cost of a Gamma Knife machine could be up to 7 million United States Dollars (USD) compared to that of Linac between 2.4 and 2.8 million USD and Cyberknife between 3 and 5 million USD. A country’s (GDP) per capita was a vital determinant of the number of these machines in countries which did not have any machines to ones which have at least one machine. Conclusion: Access to radiosurgery treatment for brain metastasis with the Gamma Knife or Cyberknife is limited due to the low number of these equipment. With the increase in radiotherapy expansion with linear accelerators, it is likely that the continent will be able to increase its stereotactic radiosurgery treatment centers by implementing Linac-based SRS following suitable guidelines. This will help provide comprehensive care to patients and promote quality of life.

New Zealand has always been a technologically advanced country. With its relatively small size and population, New Zealand accepts new technology rapidly. In late 1977, personal computers finally became available to the public and to schools. The opportunity for the Government to provide schools with clear guidance on purchasing and use of computers, both for teaching purposes and for students to learn to use computers was delayed by a lack of focus and understanding for several years. Two New Zealand academics recognized this opportunity and produced two computers in 1981 designed for education, the Poly series of computers and the Aamber Pegasus. This article examines their place in New Zealand history and in the context of other country's approaches to computers in education, particularly in the years 1977 to 1983. A brief discussion follows of New Zealand designed computer peripherals for the visually impaired that contributed significant technology for this community.

The article examines the difference between the British Army medal cards of the Great War already on Ancestry.com and those of World War II. Cited are the difference in how the medal cards were compiled, the information per line showing on the card, and how the stars claimed by officers appear on the cards.

Objective Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) report extremely frequent and varied exposures to potentially psychologically traumatic events (PPTEs). While occupational exposures to PPTEs may be one explanation for the symptoms of mental disorders prevalent among serving RCMP, exposures occurring prior to service may also play a role. The objective of the current study was to provide estimates of lifetime PPTE exposures among RCMP cadets in training and assess for associations with mental disorders or sociodemographic variables.Methods RCMP cadets (n=  772; 72.0% male) beginning the Cadet Training Program (CTP) completed a survey assessing self-reported PPTE exposures as measured by the Life Events Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition-Extended. Binomial tests were conducted to compare the current results to previously collected data from the general population, a diverse sample of public safety personnel (PSP) and serving RCMP.Results Cadets reported statistically significantly fewer PPTE exposures for all PPTE types than serving RCMP (all p’s < 0.001) and PSP (all p’s < 0.001) but more PPTE exposures for all PPTE types than the general population (all p’s < 0.001). Cadets also endorsed fewer PPTE types (6.00  ±  4.47) than serving RCMP (11.64  ±  3.40; p< 0.001) and other PSP (11.08  ±  3.23) but more types than the general population (2.31  ±  2.33; p< 0.001). Participants who reported being exposed to any PPTE type reported the exposures occurred 1–5 times (29.1% of participants), 6–10 times (18.3%) or 10  +  times (43.1%) before starting the CTP. Several PPTE types were associated with positive screens for one or more mental disorders. There were associations between PPTE types and increased odds of screening positive for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) (all p’s< 0.05). Serious transport accident (11.1%), physical assault (9.5%) and sudden accidental death (8.4%) were the PPTEs most identified as the worst event, and all were associated with positive screens for one or more mental disorders.Conclusion The current results provide the first information describing PPTE histories of cadets, evidencing exposure frequencies and types much higher than the general population. PPTE exposures may have contributed to the cadet's vocational choices. The current results support the growing evidence that PPTEs can be associated with diverse mental disorders; however, the results also suggest cadets may be uncommonly resilient, based on how few screened positive for mental disorders, despite reporting higher frequencies of PPTE exposures prior to CTP than the general population.

Objective Serving Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) have screened positive for one or more mental disorders based on self-reported symptoms with substantial prevalence (i.e., 50.2%). Mental health challenges for military and paramilitary populations have historically been attributed to insufficient recruit screening; however, cadet mental health when starting the Cadet Training Program (CTP) was unknown. Our objective was to estimate RCMP Cadet mental health when starting the CTP and test for sociodemographic differences.Method Cadets starting the CTP completed a survey assessing self-reported mental health symptoms (n= 772, 72.0% male) and a clinical interview (n= 736, 74.4% male) with a clinician or supervised trainee using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview to assess current and past mental health.Results The percentage of participants screening positive for one or more current mental disorders based on self-reported symptoms (15.0%) was higher than the diagnostic prevalence for the general population (10.1%); however, based on clinical interviews, participants were less likely to screen positive for any current mental disorder (6.3%) than the general population. Participants were also less likely to screen positive for any past mental disorder based on self-report (3.9%) and clinical interviews (12.5%) than the general population (33.1%). Females were more likely to score higher than males (all ps<.01; Cohen's ds .23 to .32) on several self-report mental disorder symptom measures.Conclusions The current results are the first to describe RCMP cadet mental health when starting the CTP. The data evidenced a lower prevalence of anxiety, depressive, and trauma-related mental disorders than the general population based on clinical interviews, contrasting notions that more rigorous mental health screening would reduce the high prevalence of mental disorders among serving RCMP. Instead, protecting RCMP mental health may require ongoing efforts to mitigate operational and organizational stressors.

Background Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) report diverse occupational stressors and repeated exposures to potentially psychologically traumatic events, which may increase the odds of screening positive for a mental disorder, and increase the risk of death by suicide. The current study was designed to provide prevalence information regarding suicidal behaviours (i.e., ideation, planning, attempts) and assess for sociodemographic differences among cadets at the start of the RCMP Cadet Training Program (CTP).Method Cadets (n= 736, 74.0% male) were administered the structured Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview by a mental health clinician or a supervised clinical psychologist trainee. The interview includes an assessment of past month suicidal ideation, planning, attempts and lifetime suicide attempts.Results Within 1 month of starting the CTP, a small percentage of cadets reported past month suicidal ideation (1.6%) and no cadets reported any suicidal planning (0%) or attempts (0%). Lifetime suicide attempts were reported by (1.5%) of cadets.Conclusions The current results provide the first information describing the prevalence of suicidal ideation, planning, and attempts among RCMP cadets starting the CTP. The estimates of suicidal behaviours appear lower than the general population and lower than reports from serving RCMP. Higher prevalence estimates of suicidal behaviours reported by serving RCMP, relative to lower estimates among cadets starting the CTP in the current study, may be related to age, cumulative experiences or protracted exposures to operational and organizational stressors, rather than insufficient screening of recruits.

In January 2016, Campbell Soup generated headlines by announcing that it would voluntarily label its products containing genetically modified (GM) com, soy, beets, and other crops. Like most food industry [...]

Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder. The disease, characterized by motor, cognitive, and psychiatric impairments, is caused by the expansion of a CAG repeat in the huntingtin gene. Despite the discovery of the mutation in 1993, no disease-modifying treatments are yet available. Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in HD is therefore crucial for the development of novel treatments. Emerging research has found that HD might be classified as a secondary tauopathy, with the presence of tau insoluble aggregates in late HD. Increased total tau protein levels have been observed in both HD patients and animal models of HD. Tau hyperphosphorylation, the main feature of tau pathology, has also been investigated and our own published results suggest that the protein phosphorylation machinery is dysregulated in the early stages of HD in R6/1 transgenic mice, primarily in the cortex and striatum. Protein phosphorylation, catalysed by kinases, regulates numerous cellular mechanisms and has been shown to be dysregulated in other neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease. While it is still unclear how the mutation in the huntingtin gene leads to tau dysregulation in HD, several hypotheses have been explored. Evidence suggests that the mutant huntingtin does not directly interact with tau, but instead interacts with tau kinases, phosphatases, and proteins involved in tau alternative splicing, which could result in tau dysregulation as observed in HD. Altogether, there is increasing evidence that tau is undergoing pathological changes in HD and may be a good therapeutic target.

For most American college students, their first serious encounter with the theory of evolution may come as part of an introductory biology course. As surprising as this might sound, the [...]

Afew years ago, I took up the regular practice of meditation. Sitting in a quiet room, outside at a park, or on the train to work, I would assume an [...]

Across a few weeks in mid-March, American life was remade--whether temporarily or permanently, no one could say for sure. To stem the spread of the COVID-19 virus, states and cities [...]

Afterimages recent relaunch with the University of California Press integrates the journal's legacy of contemporary arts and media criticism with an expanded commitment to scholarly essays. As part of this [...]

In a new column focused on 'The Examined Life,' Matthew Nisbet investigates the twisted messages about human happiness and flourishing that dominate popular culture, offering readers a skeptical dose of [...]

I spend most of my time studying and writing about climate change politics. It is often a paralyzing experience; not only is climate change a grave threat, but it is [...]

BARBARA KING: You call yourself' The Color Whisperer. That's a rather colorful title, if I may be allowed the unintended pun. AMANDA NISBET: You're right, it is. The reason I [...]

Using an integrative approach in which genetic variation, gene expression, and clinical phenotypes are assessed in relevant tissues may help functionally characterize the contribution of genetics to disease susceptibility. We sought to identify genetic variation influencing skeletal muscle gene expression (expression quantitative trait loci [eQTLs]) as well as expression associated with measures of insulin sensitivity. We investigated associations of 3,799,401 genetic variants in expression of >7,000 genes from three cohorts (n = 104). We identified 287 genes with cis-acting eQTLs (false discovery rate [FDR] DOI: 10.2337/db13-1301, Although genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with traits and diseases, the molecular mechanisms underlying these associations remain largely unknown. Changes in gene [...]

Recent research shows that Dicranumspecies can be used to ameliorate the negative effects of honeybee bacterial diseases and that novel compounds isolated from these species may have the potential to treat bacterial diseases. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of Dicranum polysetumSw. against American Foulbrood using toxicity and larval model. The effectiveness of D. polysetumSw. ethanol extract in combating AFB was investigated in vitro and in vivo. This study is important in finding an alternative treatment or prophylactic method to prevent American Foulbrood disease in honey bee colonies. Spore and vegetative forms of Paenibacillus larvaePB31B with ethanol extract of D. polysetumwere tested on 2040 honey bee larvae under controlled conditions. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of D. polysetumethanol extracts were determined as 80.72 mg/GAE(Gallic acid equivalent) and 303.20 µg/mL, respectively. DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging percent inhibition value was calculated as 4.32%. In Spodoptera frugiperda(Sf9) and Lymantria dispar(LD652) cell lines, the cytotoxic activities of D. polysetumextract were below 20% at 50 µg/mL. The extract was shown to considerably decrease infection in the larvae, and the infection was clinically halted when the extract was administered during the first 24 h after spore contamination. The fact that the extract contains potent antimicrobial/antioxidant activity does not reduce larval viability and live weight, and does not interact with royal jelly is a promising development, particularly regarding its use to treat early-stage AFB infection.

Quantum atomic technologies, such as optical clocks and atom interferometers, have demonstrated their potential in laboratory settings; however, their widespread deployment for real-world applications requires significant improvement in their size, weight, power, and cost (SWaP-C). We have fabricated compact laser avionics suitable for laser cooling and spectroscopy applications. The system employs a commercial laser diode, fiber-coupled optics, current and temperature controllers, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), and all-digital signal processing, and operates on a single 5-V power supply. Using these components, a 780-nm laser has been stabilized to the Rb D2 transition via frequency modulation (FM) spectroscopy, with a SWaP budget of 1 L, 300 g, and less than 10 W. Due to its modular design and digital reprogrammability, the low-SWaP-C system developed here can be applied to devices across the quantum technology sector.

Keratin, in the form of coarse sheep wool, has been identified as an undervalued natural resource, which with the appropriate tools (e.g.a keratinase biocatalyst) can be repurposed for various textile and industrial biotechnology applications. For these purposes, we describe a novel method for identifying keratinase activity through the use of α-keratin azure (KA), an anthraquinone dyed substrate. A colourimetric method monitored the keratinase activity of Proteinase K (PK), which degrades the KA substrate and releases soluble products that are observed at 595 nm. Initially, the azure dye standard, Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR), was used to calibrate the assay and allowed the kinetics of the keratinase-catalysed reaction to be determined. The assay was also used to investigate substrate pre-treatment, as well as different reaction quenching/work up conditions. Milling and washing of the KA substrate provided the best reproducibility and centrifugation was the most effective method for removing unreacted starting material. This assay was then applied to investigate the reduction of the keratin disulfide bond on keratinase-catalysed degradation. This optimised, improved and robust method will enable identification of keratinases ideally suited for application in the valorisation of the α-keratin found in natural wool fibres.

This article from History Scotland Magazine discusses the benefits of using Family Search, a genealogy website, to access rare historical records that are not available online. These records include statutory birth, marriage, and death records from 1855 to 1875, census images from the 19th century, parish registers of the Church of Scotland before 1855, and other church records. The article also mentions that Ancestry.com has recently released burial, school, and poor law records for the North East Scotland area. The author recommends regularly checking commercial genealogy websites for new records and suggests following Chris Paton's Scottish GENES blog for updates on Scottish records. The article concludes with an example of how poor law records can provide valuable information for family history research. [Extracted from the article]

Since the 1960s, high rates of childhood vaccination in the United States have led to dramatic declines in cases of polio; measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR); chicken pox; and other [...]

When presented with contradictory evidence about a politically contentious issue, it's easy to fall into the trap of reacting emotionally and negatively to that information rather than responding with an [...]

In the lead up to the 2016 Olympics in Brazil, global news attention has focused on the impact of the Zika virus in the country, including efforts to halt the [...]

Late last year at the United Nations climate change summit in Paris, world leaders reached a historic accord committing their countries to lowering greenhouse gas emissions over the next two [...]

Introduction The right subclavian artery normally arises as the first vessel from the brachiocephalic trunk. An aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) arises directly from the aortic arch and crosses behind the trachea towards the right arm. This variant occurs in approximately 1–2% of the population; however, the frequency increases in individuals with chromosomal abnormalities such as trisomy 21 and 22q11.2 microdeletion. Prenatal identification of ARSA therefore has a role in screening for such conditions.Methods Databases were searched for studies reporting the prenatal ultrasound evaluation of ARSA and its frequency in normal fetuses and in those with chromosomal abnormalities.Results A total of 23 studies were evaluated. Feasibility for the ultrasound evaluation of ARSA was 85–95%. The sonographic detection of ARSA is best in the three-vessel trachea view; however, sagittal and coronal imaging of the aortic arch may be useful. ARSA in isolation was not found to be associated with chromosomal abnormalities. The prevalence of ARSA in chromosomally abnormal fetuses was up to 24-fold higher than in normal fetuses, but the majority of chromosomally abnormal fetuses with ARSA had additional abnormal ultrasound findings, particularly cardiac abnormalities.Conclusions The prenatal detection of ARSA is a clinically useful prenatal marker for chromosomal abnormalities. In isolation, it is unlikely to be associated with pathogenic genetic variants. The ultrasound diagnosis of ARSA should prompt meticulous assessment of associated abnormalities. Invasive diagnostic testing should be offered to patients with non-isolated ARSA or in the presence of non-reassuring screening results or other risk factors.

Animal health is a prerequisite for global health, economic development, food security, food quality, and poverty reduction, while mitigating against climate change and biodiversity loss. We did a qualitative review of 53 infectious diseases in terrestrial animals with data from DISCONTOOLS, a specialist database and prioritisation model focusing on research gaps for improving infectious disease control in animals. Many diseases do not have any appropriate control tools, but the prioritisation model suggests that we should focus international efforts on Nipah virus infection, African swine fever, contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, peste des petits ruminants, sheeppox and goatpox, avian influenza, Rift Valley fever, foot and mouth disease, and bovine tuberculosis, for the greatest impact on the UN's Sustainable Development Goals. Easy to use and accurate diagnostics are available for many animal diseases. However, there is an urgent need for the development of stable and durable diagnostics that can differentiate infected animals from vaccinated animals, to exploit rapid technological advances, and to make diagnostics widely available and affordable. Veterinary vaccines are important for dealing with endemic, new, and emerging diseases. However, fundamental research is needed to improve the convenience of use and duration of immunity, and to establish performant marker vaccines. The largest gap in animal pharmaceuticals is the threat of pathogens developing resistance to available drugs, in particular for bacterial and parasitic (protozoal, helminth, and arthropod) pathogens. We propose and discuss five research priorities for animal health that will help to deliver a sustainable and healthy planet: vaccinology, antimicrobial resistance, climate mitigation and adaptation, digital health, and epidemic preparedness.