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Mechanical properties of petroleum reservoirs can be determined via static techniques based on laboratory triaxial tests under reservoir conditions. Dynamic approaches represent an alternative in cases where such static laboratory data are unavailable. Dynamic elastic properties are calculated using ultrasonic wave measurements in the laboratory or in situ well logging. Different relationships have been proposed to estimate static properties from dynamic ones based on the available data from a particular reservoir. However, these relationships are often reservoir-specific, making them inadequate for general seismic inversion purposes. This research proposes a method for developing relationships between seismic parameters and static Young’s modulus in carbonate reservoirs by integrating ultrasonic measurements, well logging data, and rock mechanic tests. A multistage triaxial test simulating the reservoir conditions was used to fully control the stress and strain during the geomechanical experiments. Static Young’s modulus was cross-correlated with a broad spectrum of seismic parameters that can be extracted from seismic inversion (e.g., acoustic impedance, shear impedance, Lambda–rho, and mu–rho). Separate analytic relationships were proposed to convert dynamic Young’s modulus and seismic parameters into static Young’s modulus. Analysis of variance was used to evaluate the results and study the applicability and reliability of the obtained relationships. Furthermore, the reliability of the obtained relationships was successfully confirmed by well logging data and blind well analysis. The proposed methodology can be used to predict rock behavior for geomechanical and structural modeling.

In Bangladesh, the poultry products are now severely contaminated with toxic heavy metals from different means including natural and man-made pollutions. Interestingly, poultry-based fast foods, which have a quicker preparation time, low price, good taste and easy availability, are very famous among people of all ages. Therefore, burger, sandwich, samosa, shingara, sauce, and noodles were analyzed for the detection of Lead (Pb), Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd), Arsenic (As) and Nickel (Ni) by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. It has been found that chicken burger contains the highest concentration of Pb (1.14 mg/kg fresh weight), Ni (0.31 mg/kg fw), and As (0.28 mg/kg fw). On the other hand, the highest concentration of Cr (0.101 mg/kg fw) and Cd (0.04 mg/kg fw) was found in the sauce. Unfortunately, all the examined foods contained the heavy metals to an extent that crosses the safety level for human consumption set by different international public health agencies like WHO. Moreover, evaluation of poultry feeds showed high amounts of Pb (range 1.40–6.59 mg/kg fw), which exceeds the safety level set by WHO (0.5 mg/kg). When Pb containing poultry feed was supplied to the chicks and sacrificed after 6 months, Pb was found in all the tissues examined that cross the safety limit. Afterwards, burgers were made from these chickens and high amount of Pb was observed in those burgers too. All these results showed that heavy metals from different sources could make access to the human food chain and impose an immense health risk.

The environmental changes in the wetlands are one of the major problems facing us in recent decades. Lately, many fluctuations have been observed in Wadi El-Rayan lakes. The geo-spatial analysis plays a great role in detecting the changes in Wadi El-Rayan lakes. The aim of the current study is to enrich the knowledge about Wadi El-Rayan Depression and to identify the changes in its lakes (Upper Lake and Lower Lake) and land cover by integration between RS and GIS techniques. The Upper Lake has become completely full with relative stability in its water area of around 53.61 (±2%) million m2, but the Lower Lake is markedly decreasing by 1.92 million m2per year. It should be noted that it is hard to manage those artificial lakes because of human activities. These activities include reusing drainage water, land reclamation, and rapidly expanding aquaculture. Therefore, the optimum solution to this problem is to adjust water allocation within Wadi El-Rayan lakes by reducing the amount of water diverted for reuse, agriculture, and fish farms, or at least resecting the growth in these water uses to help stop or slow the decrease in Wadi El-Rayan lakes.