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Depuis plus de 40 ans, les chercheurs portent une attention particulière au rôle des pères au sein des familles, en particulier sous l’angle de l’engagement paternel. Il est reconnu que l’engagement des pères contribue au développement cognitif et langagier de l’enfant, de même qu’à son développement social et affectif. L’engagement paternel contribue aussi au bien-être des deux parents en diminuant le stress ressenti par les mères et les affects dépressifs chez les pères. Cet engagement génère de saines trajectoires de développement pour les enfants, les pères, leur partenaire et leur famille. Force est de constater toutefois qu’en dépit de la pertinence scientifique et sociale de la promotion de l’engagement paternel, les pères déplorent le peu d’espace accordé à leurs préoccupations, à leur vécu et à leurs ressources lors de leurs interactions avec le personnel soignant en périnatalité. Le programme novateur « Initiative Amis des pères au sein des familles » (IAP) fut développé et implanté dans trois régions du Québec (Canada), afin d’accompagner les intervenants de la santé, des services sociaux et communautaires, ainsi que leurs gestionnaires dans le développement ou la consolidation de pratiques, de services et d’environnements Amis des pères. Cet article décrira le contexte théorique et social appuyant le développement de ce programme. Le programme IAP sera présenté en s’attardant sur les activités réalisées et à leur portée et en portant une attention particulière aux ateliers implantés auprès des médecins obstétriciens et gynécologues. Quelques constats émanant des effets de ce programme sur la place des pères en périnatalité concluront ce texte. For more than forty years, researchers have paid special attention to the role of fathers within families, particularly in terms of father involvement. It is recognized that father’s engagement helps in children’s cognitive and language development, as well as their social and emotional development. Paternal engagement also contributes to the well-being of both parents by reducing stress among mothers and depressive effects among fathers. This engagement leads to healthy developmental trajectories for children, fathers, their partners, and their families. It is clear, however, that despite the scientific and social relevance of promoting paternal engagement, fathers still lament the little space given to their concerns, experience, and resources in their interactions with perinatal caregivers. The innovative and original program, Father-Friendly Initiative within Families (FFIF) was developed and implemented in three regions of Quebec (Canada) in order to support stakeholders from the health, community and social services, as well as their managers, in the development and consolidation of Father-Friendly practices, services, and environments. This article presents a brief description of the theoretical and social context supporting the development of this program. The FFIF program is described, with special attention to workshops held with doctors, obstetricians, and gynecologists. The text concludes with some observations emerging from the effects of this program on the role of fathers in the perinatal period.

Background The COVID-19 pandemic and the quarantine measures implemented have profoundly impacted parents and families. The stress and uncertainty generated by the COVID-19 virus, as well as the disruption of routines and social relationships, have weakened both individual and family health and functioning.Objective The present research is part of a larger study that aims to understand, with a family systems theory, the longitudinal effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on school-aged children, adolescents, and their parents. More specifically, this paper aims to investigate parents’ experience of the first months of the pandemic as a predictor of perceived social support, parental ill-being (aggregate score of well-established poor psychological functioning indicators), parental satisfaction, and family functioning.Method During the first lockdown (April-May 2020), 203 parents of school-aged children living in Quebec completed an online questionnaire.Results Path analysis indicates that the impact of COVID-19 and health preoccupation due to COVID-19 are both positively associated with individual parental ill-being, which in turn detracts from family functioning and parental satisfaction. Furthermore, perceptions about positive effects of the pandemic are negatively associated with parental ill-being, and positively with perceived social support, which in turn significantly contributes to family functioning and parental satisfaction.Conclusion The findings highlight the importance of adopting a systemic perspective to best understand the effects of the pandemic and the social and health measures on individuals, families, and systems, as well as to better support parents and family health through periods of uncertainty.

The rapid expansion of distributed energy resources and variable renewable energy is occurring in most utilities around the world, pertaining to the clean energy transition. These technologies have brought new challenges and opportunities to transmission grid planners. In this context, the planning process cannot continue to focus solely on the instant of the peak demand to make decisions regarding the evolution of the grid. The OSER simulator (Outil de simulation de l’exploitation du réseau) presented in this paper allows the planning engineers to consider operational and transversal aspects (transmission and distribution view) of the system. OSER is composed of several modules, each of which is related to different parts of the utility. The load, interconnection, and production modules prepare profiles for each substation, interconnection, and generating unit, respectively. The virtual operator module models the actions and mitigation means of the grid operators. These include the generation load balance, voltage, reactive power control, and interconnection management. Thereby, OSER can simulate the reaction of the transmission system for all relevant scenarios by using the guidance of the transmission system operator. The results obtained by simulation validate the performance of the OSER simulator by comparing them with historical data. This tool enables transmission grid planners to include non-wire alternatives in their planning process. Further work will be conducted to extend the simulation modes towards year-long and stochastic simulations for better planning robustness.

Electrically charged particles can be created by the decay of strong enough electric fields, a phenomenon known as the Schwinger mechanism1. By electromagnetic duality, a sufficiently strong magnetic field would similarly produce magnetic monopoles, if they exist2. Magnetic monopoles are hypothetical fundamental particles that are predicted by several theories beyond the standard model3–7but have never been experimentally detected. Searching for the existence of magnetic monopoles via the Schwinger mechanism has not yet been attempted, but it is advantageous, owing to the possibility of calculating its rate through semi-classical techniques without perturbation theory, as well as that the production of the magnetic monopoles should be enhanced by their finite size8,9and strong coupling to photons2,10. Here we present a search for magnetic monopole production by the Schwinger mechanism in Pb–Pb heavy ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, producing the strongest known magnetic fields in the current Universe11. It was conducted by the MoEDAL experiment, whose trapping detectors were exposed to 0.235 per nanobarn, or approximately 1.8 × 109, of Pb–Pb collisions with 5.02-teraelectronvolt center-of-mass energy per collision in November 2018. A superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer scanned the trapping detectors of MoEDAL for the presence of magnetic charge, which would induce a persistent current in the SQUID. Magnetic monopoles with integer Dirac charges of 1, 2 and 3 and masses up to 75 gigaelectronvolts per speed of light squared were excluded by the analysis at the 95% confidence level. This provides a lower mass limit for finite-size magnetic monopoles from a collider search and greatly extends previous mass bounds.

Patients with stable coronary artery disease and diabetes with previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), particularly those with previous stenting, are at high risk of ischaemic events. These patients are generally treated with aspirin. In this trial, we aimed to investigate if these patients would benefit from treatment with aspirin plus ticagrelor.

Type 4 P-type ATPases (P4-ATPases) are lipid flippases that drive the active transport of phospholipids from exoplasmic or luminal leaflets to cytosolic leaflets of eukaryotic membranes. The molecular architecture of P4-ATPases and the mechanism through which they recognize and transport lipids have remained unknown. Here we describe the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the P4-ATPase Drs2p–Cdc50p, a Saccharomyces cerevisiaelipid flippase that is specific to phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Drs2p–Cdc50p is autoinhibited by the C-terminal tail of Drs2p, and activated by the lipid phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PtdIns4P or PI4P). We present three structures that represent the complex in an autoinhibited, an intermediate and a fully activated state. The analysis highlights specific features of P4-ATPases and reveals sites of autoinhibition and PI4P-dependent activation. We also observe a putative lipid translocation pathway in this flippase that involves a conserved PISL motif in transmembrane segment 4 and polar residues of transmembrane segments 2 and 5, in particular Lys1018, in the centre of the lipid bilayer.

La fistule anastomotique est une complication grave de la chirurgie colique. Le but de notre étude a été d’évaluer l’impact des calcifications du tronc cœliaque et de l’artère mésentérique supérieure chez les patients ayant une colectomie droite programmée et en particulier sur le risque de fistule anastomotique.

According to clinical trials, the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) with second-generation direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs) is highly efficient and well tolerated. The goal of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of various combinations of these drugs during their first 2 years of use in the real-world practice of French general hospitals.

Sufficient oil supply of all machine elements in gearboxes is usually required to avoid damage during operation. Quite frequently, transmissions are conservatively designed with an oversupply of oil to guarantee operational reliability. An oversupply of oil results in an unnecessarily high amount of oil being kept in motion, which in turn leads to excessive hydraulic gear power losses. In high-speed gearboxes in particular, churning losses can contribute greatly to the total power losses. Further detailed information on the oil distribution in gearboxes is needed in order to increase the efficiency and operational reliability of gearboxes. Computational Fluid Dynamics methods provide a flexible way of investigating oil behaviour in transmissions with almost no restrictions regarding geometry and operating conditions. Generally, there are two main methods of computational fluid dynamics simulation in gearboxes: the traditional finite-volume based method (Eulerian approach) and the mesh-free particle-based method (Lagrangian approach). In this work, a computational fluid dynamics model based on the particle-based smoothed particle hydrodynamics method is built to investigate the oil distribution and churning losses of a dip-lubricated single stage gearbox on an efficiency gear test rig. Results are shown and discussed for different rotational speeds and oil temperatures. The smoothed particle hydrodynamics method provides a high potential of predicting the oil distribution of modern dip-lubricated transmission systems. Comparisons with high-speed camera recordings show good agreement. However, the method shows a need for improvement in churning loss prediction.

Die Interoperabilität – also das Zusammenspiel verschiedener Systeme, Techniken und Organisationen im Maschinen‐ und Anlagenbau ermöglicht, neue Geschäftsmodelle sowie Produktionssysteme in ihrer Gesamtheit durchgängig zu etablieren. Die VDMA Fachabteilung Luftreinhaltung entwickelt ein universelles herstellerunabhängiges OPC UA Informationsmodell für Prozessluftabsaug‐ und Filtrationssysteme (PAEFS). Vergleichbares wird auch für Trockner entwickelt.

Friedreich ataxia (FA) is a rare mitochondrial disease characterized by sensory and spinocerebellar ataxia, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and diabetes, for which there is no treatment. FA is caused by reduced levels of frataxin (FXN), an essential mitochondrial protein involved in the biosynthesis of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters. Despite significant progress in recent years, to date, there are no good models to explore and test therapeutic approaches to stop or reverse the ganglionopathy and the sensory neuropathy associated to frataxin deficiency. Here, we report a new conditional mouse model with complete frataxin deletion in parvalbumin-positive cells that recapitulate the sensory ataxia and neuropathy associated to FA, albeit with a more rapid and severe course. Interestingly, although fully dysfunctional, proprioceptive neurons can survive for many weeks without frataxin. Furthermore, we demonstrate that post-symptomatic delivery of frataxin-expressing AAV allows for rapid and complete rescue of the sensory neuropathy associated with frataxin deficiency, thus establishing the pre-clinical proof of concept for the potential of gene therapy in treating FA neuropathy.

The aim of this study was to describe the phenomenon of sperm donation offered in informal settings and, more specifically, by contacts through the Internet. It documented the perceptions, experiences, and practices of a sample of Canadian donors and explored their motivations for becoming involved in the family projects of others. Eight semistructured interviews were conducted with men who had offered their sperm to couples or single women through one or more introduction websites. The results showed that the process leading to sperm donation outside fertility clinics is influenced by a variety of factors, such as the motives of those involved, logistics, and health concerns, as well as the possibility of having access to information on the genetic heritage of children conceived from these donations. The men applied different strategies to achieve their donations, engaging in a process of negotiation with the recipients, based on mutual trust and acceptance of the risks involved.

AbstractIntroductionRapid access to defibrillation is a key element in the management of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs). Public automated external defibrillators (PAEDs) are becoming increasingly available, but little information exists regarding the relation between the proximity to the arrest and their usage in urban areas.MethodsThis study is a retrospective, observational, cross-sectional analysis of non-traumatic OHCA during a 24-month period in the greater Montreal area (Quebec, Canada). Using logistic regression, bystander shock odds are described with regards to distance from the OHCA scene to the nearest PAED, adjusted for prehospital care arrival delay and time of day, and stratifying for type of location.ResultsOut of a total of 2,443 OHCA victims identified, 77 (3%) received bystander PAED shock, 622 (26%) occurred out-of-home, and 743 (30%) occurred during business hours. When controlling for time (business hours versus other hours) and minimum response delay for prehospital care arrival, a marginal negative association was found between bystander shock and distance to the nearest PAED in logged meters (aOR=0.80; CI, 0.64-0.99) for out-of-home cardiac arrests. No significant association was found between distance and bystander shock for at-home arrests. Out-of-home victims had significantly higher odds of receiving bystander shock up to 175 meters of distance to a PAED inclusively (aOR=2.52; CI, 1.07-5.89).ConclusionFor out-of-home cardiac arrests, proximity to a PAED was associated with bystander shock in the greater Montreal area. Strategies aiming to increase accessibility and use of these life-saving devices could further expand this advantage by assisting bystanders in rapidly locating nearby PAEDs.Neves BriardJ, de MontignyL, RossD, de ChamplainF, SegalE. Is distance to the nearest registered public automated defibrillator associated with the probability of bystander shock for victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest?Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(2):153–159.

To determinate the topographical distribution of key diagnostic histological features of lymphocytic colitis (LC) and collagenous colitis (CC) and to establish what correlations may exist between the histological findings and the causes and severity of MC.

We investigate the Schrödinger equation in the position-dependent mass framework with an infinite square well potential. We apply this approach to a Fermi gas, calculate the density of states of the gas, examine the information entropy, some expectation values and the uncertainty principle.

Treatment times for primary percutaneous coronary intervention frequently exceed the recommended maximum delay. Automated “physicianless” systems of prehospital cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL) activation show promise, but have been met with resistance over concerns regarding the potential for false positive and inappropriate activations (IAs).

Mendelian traits are considered to be at the lower end of the complexity spectrum of heritable phenotypes. However, more than a century after the rediscovery of Mendel’s law, the global landscape of monogenic variants, as well as their effects and inheritance patterns within natural populations, is still not well understood. Using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we performed a species-wide survey of Mendelian traits across a large population of isolates. We generated offspring from 41 unique parental pairs and analyzed 1,105 cross/trait combinations. We found that 8.9% of the cases were Mendelian. Further tracing of causal variants revealed background-specific expressivity and modified inheritances, gradually transitioning from Mendelian to complex traits in 30% of the cases. In fact, when taking into account the natural population diversity, the hidden complexity of traits could be substantial, confounding phenotypic predictability even for simple Mendelian traits.

Variation in stillbirth rates across high-income countries and large equity gaps within high-income countries persist. If all high-income countries achieved stillbirth rates equal to the best performing countries, 19 439 late gestation (28 weeks or more) stillbirths could have been avoided in 2015. The proportion of unexplained stillbirths is high and can be addressed through improvements in data collection, investigation, and classification, and with a better understanding of causal pathways. Substandard care contributes to 20–30% of all stillbirths and the contribution is even higher for late gestation intrapartum stillbirths. National perinatal mortality audit programmes need to be implemented in all high-income countries. The need to reduce stigma and fatalism related to stillbirth and to improve bereavement care are also clear, persisting priorities for action. In high-income countries, a woman living under adverse socioeconomic circumstances has twice the risk of having a stillborn child when compared to her more advantaged counterparts. Programmes at community and country level need to improve health in disadvantaged families to address these inequities.

Les électrolytes-gels étudiés sont constitués du copolymère poly (fluorure de vinylidène-hexafluoropropylène) (PVdF-HFP) contenant où non de la silice et ayant absorbé un électrolyte liquide obtenu par dissolution du (trifluorométhyl sulfone) imidure de lithium (LiTFSI) dans la gamma-valérolactone (VL) ou dans le mélange VL:EC (90:10 en moles) (EC:carbonate d'éthylène). L'influence du pourcentage en sel de lithium dans l'électrolyte liquide, de la proportion de silice dans le copolymère sec et de la température sur la capacité d'absorption est étudiée. L'évolution de la conductivité en fonction de la composition de l'électrolyte-gel et de la température ainsi que l'étude de la solvatation de l'ion Li+par spectroscopie RAMAN ont permis de proposer un modèle de conductivité ionique pour ces matériaux. Après avoir déterminé le domaine d'électroactivité des gels, l'évolution des spectres d'impédance à l'interface Li / gel est interprétée par le modèle “couche polymère solide" (SPL).

What is already known•The use of ART is growing in most industrialized countries.•Infertile couples who use ART may experience difficulties in the social, marital and financial spheres.•Women who become pregnant through ART show a higher level of anxiety related to the preservation of pregnancy and fetal safety.What this article adds•This meta-synthesis provides further evidence of the complex issues facing couples affected by infertility during pregnancy resulting from successful ART.•The transition from conception, pregnancy and parenthood is much more difficult for women who have become pregnant through ART.•Relationships with family can be a source of support as well as a source of concern for couples, especially when they fear the stigma surrounding infertility.

AbstractBackgroundWe have lately documented the importance of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in aiding the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease.ObjectivesWe sought to investigate the potential value of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide pertaining to the prediction of coronary artery dilatation (Z-score>2.5) and/or of resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. We hypothesised that increased serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide level correlates with increased coronary artery dilatation and/or resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin.MethodsWe carried out a prospective study involving newly diagnosed patients treated with 2 g/kg intravenous immunoglobulin within 5–10 days of onset of fever. Echocardiography was performed in all patients at onset, then weekly for 3 weeks, then at month 2, and month 3. Coronary arteries were measured at each visit, and coronary artery Z-score was calculated. All the patients had N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide serum level measured at onset, and the Z-score calculated.ResultsThere were 109 patients enrolled at 6.58±2.82 days of fever, age 3.79±2.92 years. High N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide level was associated with coronary artery dilatation at onset in 22.2 versus 5.6% for normal N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels (odds ratio 4.8 [95% confidence interval 1.05–22.4]; p=0.031). This was predictive of cumulative coronary artery dilatation for the first 3 months (p=0.04–0.02), but not during convalescence at 2–3 months (odds ratio 1.28 [95% confidence interval 0.23–7.3]; p=non-significant). Elevated N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels did not predict intravenous immunoglobulin resistance, 15.3 versus 13.5% (p=1).ConclusionElevated N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide level correlates with acute coronary artery dilatation in treated Kawasaki disease, but not with intravenous immunoglobulin resistance.

This article focuses on the process of conducting community-based geographic research with queer and trans youth. It is based on a research project that investigated the spatial experiences of adolescents between 14 and 18 years of age who attended Project 10, an out-of-school LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer) community support organization for youth in Montreal, Canada. The authors examine the ways in which working within this community space shaped the research process and how it functioned as a site of critical geographic inquiry. The article highlights the process of gaining access to this population, the methodological particularities of working with queer and trans* youth support groups and, finally, how conducting research in an LGBTQ community space facilitated the research process. The objective is to reflect on the possibilities and limitations of this site in terms of conducting geographic research that considers the lives of queer and trans* adolescents.

We present a novel optical fiber surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor scheme using reflected guided cladding modes captured by a double-clad fiber coupler and excited in a gold-coated fiber with a tilted Bragg grating. This new interrogation approach, based on the reflection spectrum, provides an improvement in the operating range of the device over previous techniques. The device allows detection of SPR in the reflected guided cladding modes and also in the transmitted spectrum, allowing comparison with standard techniques. The sensor has a large operating range from 1.335 to 1.432 RIU, and a sensitivity of 510.5  nm/RIU. The device shows strong dependence on the polarization state of the guided core mode which can be used to turn the SPR on or off.

We present an asymmetric double-clad fiber coupler (A-DCFC) exploiting a disparity in fiber etendues to exceed the equipartition limit (≤50% extraction of inner cladding multi-mode light). The A-DCFC is fabricated using two commercially available fibers and a custom fusion-tapering setup to achieve >70% extraction of multi-mode inner cladding light without affecting (>95% transmission) single-mode light propagation in the core. Imaging with the A-DCFC is demonstrated in a spectrally encoded imaging setup using a weakly backscattering biological sample. Other applications include the combination of optical coherence tomography with weak fluorescent or Raman scattering signals.

The importance of the sacral pelvic incidence (SPI) in relation to individual variations of sagittal spinal curvature has become well-recognised. We attempted to determine the relationship between SPI and acetabular orientation.The three-dimensional coordinates of 47 homologous points were observed on 51 adult anatomical pelvises (26 female and 25 male). The reference vertical plane was Lewinnek's anterior pelvic plane. 10 angular parameters and 11 linear parameters were defined and calculated. These were expressed both in absolute value (in millimetres) and in “acetabular unit” (relative to the mean value of the right and left acetabular rays). Mean values of the parameters were calculated for all pelvises and according to gender.There were two dominant parameters: the “sacral slope” and the “V pubic angle”. “Acetabular tilting” was primarily dependant on the “sacral slope” and its intermediary on the “SPI”, while “acetabular anteversion” dependent on the “V pubic angle” via the “angle of prow”.It is recommended that positioning of the acetabular cup in total hip arthroplasty relates to anatomical parameters, and to the global sagittal balance of the pelvi-spinal unit.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is associated with pancarditis and complicated by coronary artery (CA) inflammation. In the present case, we were confronted with a very ill KD patient with first degree atrioventricular block and QS pattern on the electrocardiogram. This unusual pattern was transient and intermittent. It reflected a conduction disturbance in the context of an acute myocarditis rather than an immediate CA complication. We herein discuss the differential diagnoses of a rarely observed electrocardiographic finding in the young.

Les mobilisations spécifiques sont des techniques de masso-kinésithérapie qui permettent de redonner aux différentes articulations concernées une mobilité perdue pour des raisons traumatiques ou rhumatologiques. Les articulations à synoviale présentent des mouvements de glissement et de rotation, permettant leur mobilité analytique. La perte de ces mouvements spécifiques participe à la restriction de mobilité analytique de l’articulation concernée. C’est le bilan articulaire qui permet au praticien de diagnostiquer les mouvements limités et la finesse opératoire qui lui permet de redonner une mobilité perdue. Ces techniques font partie de l’arsenal kinésithérapique. Elles interviennent le plus souvent en début de traitement avec les techniques myofasciales. Leur mode d’action en fait des techniques de choix pour les problèmes articulaires et conjonctifs.

The birth of a first child results in an important period of transition for new parents. A systemic intervention was planned and implemented with a group of couples during the prenatal period. This intervention was based upon concepts related to systemic family intervention and multiple family intervention. One of the main objectives was to allow participants to improve their functioning as couples in the areas of communication, feeling response, role distribution, and conflict resolution. The analysis describes the dynamics of the group and the couples as well as changes that occurred during the intervention. Group support allowed the couples to experiment new modes of communication and to improve their methods of conflict resolution. The author discusses the importance of integrating some aspects of this intervention in traditional prenatal groups, in particular, discussions on individual expectations and needs of future parents. She emphasizes the importance of educating nurses in family intervention given their active role with families at this particular stage of family development.

Background. Diverticulosis is not well characterized in the Caribbeans. Our aim was to compare the anatomical presentation of colonic diverticulosis in African Caribbeans (group AC) versus Europeans (group E) and severity. Methods. We conducted a prospective controlled study involving 274 patients admitted for lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage (LGIH) in France (center 1: Guadeloupe; center 2: La Roche-sur-Yon); 179 cases with diverticular haemorrhage, including 129 in group AC and 40 in group E. Exploration of the colon included a detailed assessment of diverticula using a dedicated endoscopic grid. Results. AC and E had similar characteristics in terms of age, gender, previous history of LGIH, body mass index, dietary habits, and medications, but AC had significantly poorer hemodynamic parameters at admission and required more blood transfusions (66.7% vs. 42.5%; p=0.01) during hospitalization. Out of the 169 patients included in the study, a complete exploration of the colon was achieved in 81% (N = 137) (AC, n = 106; E, n = 31), and revealed right-side diverticulosis in AC (in 90.6%, included into a pancolonic form in 73.6% vs. 35.5%; p=0.0002) and left-side diverticulosis in E (in 96.8%, isolated form in 58.1% vs. 9.4%, p=0.0002). These data were confirmed by a sensitivity analysis using an endoscopic grid in 92 patients, achieving a higher frequency and larger size of diverticula in AC. Conclusion. Our study has shown that diverticulosis was pancolonic in AC and more frequently associated with more severe haemorrhage than the left-sided diverticulosis of Europeans. This anatomical presentation may be driven by the genetic background more than the environment and diet.

Le mobilizzazioni specifiche in massocinesiterapia sono tecniche di cura che consentono di ridare alle diverse articolazioni interessate una mobilità perduta per ragioni traumatiche o reumatologiche. Le articolazioni sinoviali presentano movimenti di scivolamento e di rotazione che consentono la loro mobilità analitica. La perdita di questi movimenti specifici contribuisce alla restrizione della mobilità analitica dell’articolazione interessata. È il bilancio articolare che consente al clinico di diagnosticare i movimenti limitati e la finezza operatoria che gli permette di ridare una mobilità perduta. Sono tecniche che fanno parte dell’arsenale cinesiterapico. Si utilizzano soprattutto all’inizio del trattamento con le tecniche miofasciali. Il loro meccanismo d’azione le rende le tecniche di scelta per i problemi articolari e connettivi. Vengono insegnate nelle scuole di formazione per massocinesiterapisti (in Francia), ma in maniera ineguale, con una predilezione per le articolazioni periferiche. Devono pertanto essere completate con un approccio al rachide più spinto in formazione postuniversitaria.

The reaction of (CO)5M(THF) (M Cr, W) with lithiated 2-ethynylquinoline followed by alkylation of the resulting alkynylpentacarbonylmetalate with R3OBF4(R Me, Et) gives allenylidene complexes in which the terminal carbon atom of the allenylidene chain is part of an N-alkylated quinoline ring. The reaction of (CO)5M(THF) (M Cr, W) with lithiated 2-ethynylpyridine derivatives, LiCCC5H4BrN, and Et3OBF4affords allenylidene complexes that contain a terminal six-membered N-heterocycle brominated at the 5- or 6-position. Various alkynyl groups can be introduced into the 5-position of the ring through PdCl2(PPh3)2-catalyzed coupling of the 5-bromo-substituted allenylidene complexes with the terminal alkynes HCCR‘ (R‘ TMS, Ph, C10H21, 4-C6H4-CCPh, 4-C6H4-CCH, Fc (Fc (C5H4)FeCp), 4-C6H4-CCFc, 4-C6H4-CCC6H4CCFc). The analogous replacement reaction of the 6-bromo-substituted chromium complex with HCCFc yields the corresponding 6-ferrocenylalkynyl-substituted complex. Desilylation of (CO)5CrCCC(CH)2C(CCSiMe3)CHNEt(6a) gives (CO)5CrCCC(CH)2C(CCH)CHNEt(15a). CuI-catalyzed coupling of 15awith M-Br (M Ru(CO)2Cp, Fe(CO)2Cp) affords the binuclear complexes (CO)5CrCCC(CH)2C(CC-M)CHNEt.The symmetrical binuclear complex is formed by oxidative coupling of 15awith Cu(OAc)2. The attachment of a ferrocenyl group to the chromium center via PPh2to give cis-(CO)4(Ph2PFc)CrCCC(CH)4NEtis achieved via displacement of a cis-CO ligand in (CO)5CrCCC(CH)4NEtby PPh2Fc. On addition of Co2(CO)8to (CO)5CrCCC(CH)2C(CCPh)CHNEta Co2(CO)6unit adds to the CC bond to form a trinuclear complex. The ferrocenyl unit in (CO)5CrCCC(CH)2C(CCR)CHNEt(R Fc, C6H4CCFc, C6H4CCC6H4CCFc) is readily oxidized. Spectroelectrochemical studies (IR, UV/vis) confirm that in the oxidized form there is strong electronic communication of the ferrocenyl group with the (CO)5Cr unit.

We discuss an article by Le Bellac and Lvy-Leblond in which they have identified two Galilean limits of electromagnetism (1973 Nuovo Cimento B 14 217–33). We use their results to point out some confusion in the literature, and in the teaching of special relativity and electromagnetism. For instance, it is not widely recognized that there exist two well-defined non-relativistic limits, so that researchers and teachers are likely to utilize an incoherent mixture of both. Recent works have shed new light on the choice of gauge conditions in classical electromagnetism. We retrieve the results of Le Bellac and Lvy-Leblond first by examining orders of magnitudes and then with a Lorentz-like manifestly covariant approach to Galilean covariance based on a five-dimensional Minkowski manifold. We emphasize the Riemann–Lorenz approach based on the vector and scalar potentials as opposed to the Heaviside–Hertz formulation in terms of electromagnetic fields.

No Abstract