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Synchrotron X-ray scattering was performed on an aqueous solution containing self-assembled aggregates of a ß-sheet-forming peptide conjugated with a water-soluble moiety (polyethylene glycol, PEG or an oligo-peptide comprising a transactivator of transcription, TAT, sequence). The angular dependence of the scattering intensity in the low-qregion (that is, q<2.0?nm-1, where qis the magnitude of the scattering vector) indicated that the scattering objects were rod-like and completely dispersed in water without undergoing secondary aggregation. From the scattering intensity in the range of 0.5?nm-1

The Japanese government's latest manual on COVID-19 management mentions non-invasive ventilation (NIV). Before this version, we experienced three cases in which COVID-19 was a concern. Each case had one of the following conditions: obesity hypoventilation syndrome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, acute heart failure with acute kidney injury with hypercapnia. The guidelines indicate that patients with these diseases are good candidates for NIV. NIV was used in a negative pressure room with staff in personal protective equipment. We describe the use of NIV instruments with anti-viral filters and a non-vented mask, including a new NIV machine for COVID-19 respiratory care.