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•The heterojunction interfaces have low lattice mismatch.•The TaSi2N4–WGe2N4/MoGe2N4heterojunctions have n-type Schottky barrier.•The heterojunction diodes show remarkable rectifying behaviors.•The rectification mechanism is analyzed systematically.

Antidepressants are among the most extensively prescribed psychotropic drugs worldwide. Discontinuation induced withdrawal symptoms have been reported for almost all antidepressants. The incidence of antidepressant withdrawal syndrome (AWS) and other characteristics remain unknown. We searched the PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases from inception to December 31, 2023. Randomized double-blinded trials, longitudinal or cross-sectional studies that reported the incidence and other characteristics of antidepressant withdrawal symptoms were included. The pooled incidence of AWS was calculated by a random effects model. We included 35 studies, of which 2 studies just provided incidence of specific withdrawal symptoms, and 4 studies only described other characteristics. The pooled incidence of AWS from all available studies was 42.9%, from 11 RCTs was 44.4%, in studies in which the treatment duration was mostly 8-12 weeks, which usually appear within 2 weeks, and were generally measured for <4 weeks. The incidence in selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors was the lowest (29.7%), followed by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (45.6%) and tricyclic antidepressants (59.7%), without significant differences (p= 0.221). Treatment duration showed a dose-response to the incidence of AWS (6–12 W: 35.1%, 12–24 W: 42.7%, >24 W: 51.4%). The half-life did not show such a simple dose-dependent relationship. The pooled estimate was robust regardless whether withdrawal symptoms were measured in RCTs or observational studies (including face-to-face and online survey studies). Tapering the dose reduced the incidence of AWS compared with abrupt stoppage (34.5% vs 42.5%), without a significant difference (p= 0.484). Risk factors for withdrawal symptoms included being female, younger, experiencing adverse effects early in treatment, taking higher doses or longer duration of medication, abrupt cessation of drugs, and those with a lower clearance of drugs or with serotonin 1A receptor gene variation. The findings suggest the incidence of AWS are common and some clinical characteristics and risk factors which can help clinicians identify who is at greater risk of experiencing AWS. Discontinuation studies on long-term antidepressant users with long follow-up periods are required in the future.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most widespread neurodegenerative diseases. PD is associated with progressive loss of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons, including various motor symptoms (e.g., bradykinesia, rigidity, and resting tremor), as well as non-motor symptoms (e.g., cognitive impairment, constipation, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and depression). PD involves multiple biological processes, including mitochondrial or lysosomal dysfunction, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and neuroinflammation. Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a collection of numerous connected cerebral cardiovascular conditions, is a common and growing public health problem associated with many chronic diseases worldwide. MetS components include central/abdominal obesity, systemic hypertension, diabetes, and atherogenic dyslipidemia. MetS and PD share multiple pathophysiological processes, including insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation. In recent years, MetS has been linked to an increased risk of PD, according to studies; however, the specific mechanism remains unclear. Researchers also found that some related metabolic therapies are potential therapeutic strategies to prevent and improve PD. This article reviews the epidemiological relationship between components of MetS and the risk of PD and discusses the potentially relevant mechanisms and recent progress of MetS as a risk factor for PD. Furthermore, we conclude that MetS-related therapies are beneficial for the prevention and treatment of PD.

Owing to Dresselhaus spin-orbit-coupling effect, an electron-spin filter device is put forward in a double-layered semiconductor microstructure. An obvious electron-spin polarization is observed and its degree is associated with incident energy and in-plane wave vector of electron. Particularly, both magnitude and sign of spin polarization ratio can be manipulated by strain engineering or layers’ thickness. These interesting findings may be helpful for spintronics device applications.

We theoretically investigate Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling (SOC)-induced spin-polarized transport for electrons tunneling through single-layered semiconductor nanostructure (SLSN, InSb). A considerable electron-spin polarization is observed in this SLSN. Spin polarization ratio is associated with the electron energy and in-plane wave vector; in particular, it can be manipulated by the strain engineering or the layer thickness. Based on this SLSN, a controllable electron-spin filter is proposed for spintronics device applications.

•Outline conventional laboratory testing methods•Analyze emerging methods for rapid AQP4-Ab detection.•Evaluate and compare the strengths, weaknesses, and potential applications of these methods in clinical settings.•Highlight the potential of biosensors in enhancing diagnostic accuracy.

With the explosive growth of user data, recommenders have become increasingly complicated. State-of-the-art algorithms often have high computational complexity and heavily use non-linear transformations. This fact makes the privacy-preserving problem more challenging, despite the significant advances in cryptography. To alleviate this problem, we propose a privacy-friendly recommender, CryptoRec. It only relies on additions and multiplications, which are efficiently supported by most cryptographic primitives. Different from others, in CryptoRec, the parameter space only contains item features (user features can be directly computed from the item features). This property allows CryptoRec to, (1) naturally achieve transferability if two datasets share the same item entries, which can benefit differential privacy protection; (2) directly estimate the preference of new users whose data is not included in the training set, drastically improving recommendation efficiency. We first evaluate CryptoRec on three real-world datasets. The evaluation results show that the accuracy is competitive with state-of-the-art. Then, we build differential privacy into CryptoRec and leverage its transferability property to reduce the overall privacy loss. Lastly, we demonstrate the simplicity and efficiency of using CryptoRec to construct secure recommendation protocols based on homomorphic encryption schemes. Our results show that CryptoRec outperforms existing solutions in terms of both accuracy and efficiency.

To achieve security and privacy for data stored on the cloud, we need the ability to secure data in compute. Equality comparisons, “$x=y, x\ne y$x=y,x≠y”, have been widely studied with many proposals but there is much room for improvement for order comparisons, “$x < y,~x \leq y,~x > y \text{ and } x \geq y$x<y,x≤y,x>yandx≥y”. Most protocols for order comparisons have some limitation, either leaking some information about the data or requiring several rounds of communication between client and server. In addition, little work has been done on retrieving with compound conditions, mixing several equality and order comparisons. Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) promises the ability to compute arbitrary functions on encrypted data without sacrificing privacy and without communication, but its potential has yet to be fulfilled. Particularly, private comparisons for database queries using FHE are expensive to compute. In this article, we design an efficient private database query (PDQ) protocol which supports compound conditions with equality and order comparisons. To this end, we first present a private comparison algorithm on encrypted integers using FHE, which scales efficiently for the length of input integers, by applying techniques from finite field theory. Then, we consider a scenario for PDQ protocols, querying for values based on a conjunction of one order and four equality conditions on key columns. The proposed algorithm and protocol are implemented and tested to determine their performance in practice. The proposed comparison algorithm takes about $25.259$25.259 seconds to compare 697 pairs of 64-bit integers using Brakerski-Gentry-Vaikuntanathan's leveled FHE scheme with single instruction multiple data (SIMD) techniques at more than 138 bits of security. This yields an amortized rate of just 36 milliseconds per comparison. On top of that, we show that our techniques achieve an efficient PDQ protocol for one order and four equality comparisons, achieving an amortized time and communication cost of 57 milliseconds and 448 bytes per database element.

To compare the risk of stroke/systemic embolism (S/SE) and major bleeding (MB) between non‐vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), this retrospective study was conducted using the Korean Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service (HIRA) claims database. Patients with AF who initiated NOACs (apixaban, dabigatran, and rivaroxaban) from July 1, 2015 to November 30, 2016 were included. We applied inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method using propensity score to make weighted populations having similar characteristics between groups. Hazard ratio (HR) of S/SE and MB were estimated by Cox proportional hazard model. Of the 39 783 patients with AF, 10 564; 11 418; and 17 801 used apixaban, dabigatran, and rivaroxaban, respectively. The mean CHA2DS2‐VASc and HAS‐BLED scores were 4.59 ~ 4.69 and 3.58 ~ 3.62, respectively, among all patients after applying IPTW. For S/SE, there were no significant differences between NOACs (HR [95% confidence interval (CI)]): apixaban vs dabigatran (0.99 [0.87‐1.13]), apixaban vs rivaroxaban (0.95 [0.84‐1.07]), and dabigatran vs rivaroxaban (0.96 [0.85‐1.08]). For MB (HR [95% CI]), both apixaban (0.77 [0.68‐0.86]) and dabigatran (0.88 [0.79‐0.98]) had a significantly lower risk compared with rivaroxaban. Apixaban also had a significantly lower risk of MB compared with dabigatran (0.87 [0.76‐0.99]). In real‐world practice among Korean AF patients with relatively high risk of stroke and bleeding, there were no significant differences in the risk of S/SE between all NOAC comparisons. Apixaban was associated with lower risk of MB than dabigatran and rivaroxaban. In real‐world practice among Koreans with AF, there were no significant differences in the risk of S/SE between all NOAC comparisons. Apixaban was associated with lower risk of MB than dabigatran and rivaroxaban.

Customer selection is one of multi-criteria decision-making problems and is of strategic importance for most companies. The purpose of this paper is to develop a business process decision model to assess the potential and profitable customers in order to select the best performing customers using a digital marketing (DM) company's customer data and create multiple selection criterions from them. The existing problem in most business firms is the challenges in choosing a proper model which can be accurately assessed their customer performances. The proposed models in this study can provide a better insight for planning and implementing to gain competitive advantage in this area. This study proposes two multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques, fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) and technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), and apply these methods to analyse customer performance in a digital marketing company.

To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture for Meige's syndrome II.

AbstractObjectives:Blood stasis is an important pathophysiologic concept in Traditional East Asian Medicine. It has been considered to be a pathogenic factor in chronic and incurable conditions such as pain, infertility, cancer, coronary heart disease, and others. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pain reduction by blood stasis treatment for blood stasis syndromes with traumatic injury.Methods:A single-center prospective pretest–post-test pilot study included 73 patients with a trauma that occurred within the past 2 weeks who were admitted into Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine from August 2015 through December 2015. Of the 50 patients analyzed in this study, 42 were women (mean age, 33.52). Triple Energizer-reinforcing Saam acupuncture set, herbal medicine (Dangkwisoo-san), and wet cupping on tender point, which are Korean medical therapies generally executed to treat post-traumatic pain, were performed. The patients had to receive at least six sessions of treatment during the 2 weeks, with subsequent treatment being performed within 3 ± 1 days after the previous treatment. Numeric rating scale (NRS) score and general pain severity indicator was measured as a primary outcome measure. The blood stasis questionnaire, oximetry, and patient's satisfaction were also measured.Results:The mean size of subcutaneous bleeding (width and length) and NRS score as a general pain indicator significantly decreased over the visits (all p< 0.01, visit 1 vs. visit 6). Among the blood stasis symptoms in the questionnaire, 11 blood stasis indicators significantly decreased (all p< 0.05). The patients showed significant improvement in the minimum and maximum value of peripheral perfusion index after the treatment (p= 0.011 and p= 0.15, respectively).Conclusions:This study reveals that blood stasis treatment may help improve the pain of patients with traumatic injury by enhancing the peripheral blood flow. The significant results observed in this study support some evidence of the theories of diagnosing blood stasis pattern and treatments of that pattern in Korean Medicine.

A one-pot novel strategy is described for the construction of various oxazolo[4,5-c]quinoline derivatives starting from the isocyano(triphenylphosphoranylidene)acetates, aldehydes, amines, and 2-azidobenzoic acids. The reactions generated the target products directly in moderate to good yields via a sequential Ugi/Wittig/aza-Wittig cyclization process. The salient features of the method are that all three groups of the multifunctional isocyanides were involved in the reaction with broad substituent scopes and mild reaction conditions, making the protocol a useful contribution to the synthesis of oxazolo[4,5-c]quinoline heterocycles.

The simultaneous loading of multifunctional drugs has been regarded as one of the major challenges in the drug delivery system. Herein, a mesoporous silica coating was constructed on a bare metal stent surface by an evaporation-induced self-assembly method, in which both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs (heparin and rapamycin) were encapsulated by a one-pot method for the first time, and the release behaviors of these drugs were studied. The releasing mechanisms of these drugs were investigated in detail. Rapid release of heparin can achieve anticoagulation and endothelialization, whereas slow release of rapamycin can realize antiproliferative therapy for long term. In vitro hemocompatibility and promotion for proliferation of vein endothelial cells and the inhibition of smooth muscle cells were conducted. In vivo stent implantation results verify that the mesoporous silica coating with both heparin and rapamycin can successfully accelerate the endothelialization process and realize the antiproliferative therapy for as long as 3 months. These results indicate that this multifunctional mesoporous coating containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs might be a promising stent coating in the future.

Molecular switches, as one of the functional molecular components, play a vital role in nanoscale logic circuits. Here, the effect of intramolecular proton transfer on the current of single-molecule devices consisting of a keto or enol molecule sandwiched between two magnetic zigzag graphene nanoribbon (zGNR) electrodes is theoretically investigated. The keto and enol tautomers interconvert into each other by intramolecular proton transfer. The results show that the current of the keto molecular device is hardly observed, whereas that of the enol molecular device is significantly enhanced, demonstrating a highly efficient switching effect with the ON/OFF ratio up to 3.4 × 102. Moreover, spin currents of the device with an enol isomer display giant bipolar rectification, with the largest rectification ratio of 1.4 × 105when the two zGNR electrodes are antiparallely spin-polarized. The underlying mechanism is attributed to the parity matching principle of electronic wave functions in the core molecule and zGNR electrodes. The intramolecular proton transfer completely changes the parity of the electronic wave functions of the core molecule, and the electron tunneling channels around the Fermi energy are thus largely modified, resulting in a significant ON/OFF switching ratio. This work develops a strategy for designing high-performance single-molecule switches.

To describe the revolution and research status of Advances in Psychological Science.

Objective To explore the possible correlation between uric acid levels and leukoaraiosis (LA).Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled patients who presented with some neurological discomfort (e.g. dizziness, headache, mild cognitive impairment). Potential demographic and clinical risk factors associated with LA, including sex, age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, alcohol consumption, dyslipidaemia, plasma fibrinogen, D-dimer, uric acid, and homocysteine, were investigated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.Results A total of 268 patients were enrolled in the study and divided into the LA group (n= 164) and the non-LA group (n= 104). Compared with the non-LA group, uric acid was significantly higher in the LA group (mean ± SD: 356.49 ± 121.85 µmol/l versus 289.96 ± 102.98 µmol/l). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that uric acid was an independent risk factor for LA (odds ratio 1.285; 95% confidence interval 1.062, 1.556).Conclusion Hyperuricaemia was an independent risk factor for leukoaraiosis in Chinese patients.

A clean and safe process of utilizing waste penicillin mycelium (WPM) was proposed in this paper. We treated WPM by soaking it in aqueous alkaline solution, to produce retarders for hemihydrate gypsum (the protein hydrolysate) by filtration. The filter cake was used to produce activated carbon, while the waste water can be reused for soaking process. This retarder can effectively prolong the setting time of gypsum with less drop in mechanical strength of gypsum plaster. The activated carbon produced with 674 mg/g of Iodine value, which meets the requirements of general industrial applications.

A new synthetic strategy, named “carbonization in limited space” and based on the specific interaction between eutectic salt and dual-ionic liquids (dual-ILs), is reported in this article. N-Containing dual-ILs (1,4-diethyl-1,4-diazaniabicyclo[2,2,2]octane imidazolide-4,5-dicyanoiazolide, [2C2DABCO]2+[Im]−[CN-Im]−) were synthesized as new carbon–nitrogen precursors, while eutectic salt was chosen as a reuseable template in order to facilely fabricate the N-doped porous carbon with sheetlike morphology. Nitrogen can be directly and efficiently incorporated into the porous carbon, resulting in the materials with suitable N content, tunable pore structure, and controllable thickness of sheet as well as high surface area. They exhibited good performance as electrodes for supercapacitors, photocatalysts in degradation of methyl orange (MO) under visible light, and the sorbent to capture tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNAs) in solution, offering a new simplified but effective method to prepare versatile carbon material.

As a pleiotropic hormone, vitamin D (VD) is not only involved in bone health, but also associated with various disorders. Determination of circulating 25OHD3is routinely used to measure the status of VD, however previously reported methods exhibited various defects in accuracy, sensitivity, rapidness and simplicity in the analysis of VD and its metabolites. We present here a validated method for the simultaneous analysis of 25OHD3and 24,25(OH)2D3both in low volumes of serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) using a deuterated internal standard. Serum and CSF samples were simply processed by protein precipitation and derivatized with 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (PTAD) to enhance their responses and sensitivity. Separation was conducted using a gradient program on a Thermo Accucore C18 column. Mass spectrometry was operated using electrospray ionization (ESI) in the positive ion and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The method exhibited excellent linearity with correlation coefficients above 0.99. The lower limits of quantification (LLOQ) for 25OHD3and 24,25(OH)2D3were 0.10 and 0.25 ng mL−1, respectively. Intra-day precision ranged from 1.4% to 9.7% and inter-day precision ranged from 1.9% to 10.0% for both 25OHD3and 24,25(OH)2D3. This method is precise, sensitive and simple, which is practical for the study of VD and its metabolites in human serum and CSF.

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) clearance, indicating functional cure or resolved chronic hepatitis B (CHB), remains difficult to achieve via nucleos(t)ide analogue monotherapy. We investigated whether metformin add-on therapy could help achieve this goal in entecavir-treated patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative CHB.

Several photographs are presented depicting the visitors and celebrities who attended the 8th annual Winter Ball, the screening of the fairy-tale "Cinderella," and Oxbridge Academy celebration.

Several photographs are presented depicting the attendees of several events held in New York City in January-February 28, 2015 including Jonathan Rhodes at Bronson van Wyck's 40 birthday party, Coco Rocha at a private dinner benefiting New Yorkers and Olivia Wright at the Winter Antiques Show.

The article features the island of Saint Barths in the Caribbean region. Topics discussed include the art and culture of the island, its commerce, development, transportation, contemporary galleries, and natural beauty. The consideration of the island as a gateway for vacationers and tourists is also noted.

The article profiles entrepreneurs Steve Colgate and Doris Colgate along with their Offshore Sailing School's success and their maritime adventures. Topics discussed include the establishment and development of the school, the family background of Steve, and the success of the couple in operating the school as it celebrates 50 years.

To research the load upper bracket of Francis hydroelectric unit, then established the finite-element model, and analyzed the structure stress of 7 operating condition points with the ANSYS software. By the strain rosette test, acquired the data of stress-strain in the area of stress concentration of the upper bracket. The inaccuracy was considered below 5% by analyzing the contradistinction between the finite-element analysis and the test, and match the engineering precision and the test was reliable. The finite-element method could be used to judge the stress of the upper bracket, and it could provide reference for the Structural optimization and improvement too.

A study for optimizing the experimental conditions for the hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) catalyzed by carbonates was performed. The main influence factors of PET microwave hydrolytic reaction, such as the reaction temperature, time and catalyst dosage, were confirmed and these effects on the catalysis of PET microwave hydrolysis were studied in detail. The results showed that the sequence of influence factors was reaction temperature>reaction time> catalyst dosage. The optimal experimental conditions under the catalyst of basic zinc carbonate were that the catalyst dosage, 0.75%; the reaction time, 210 min; the reaction temperature, 200°C.

The effect of microwave irradiation way on hydrolytic depolymerization of poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was studied at 175°C, 180°C and 185°C. Based on this study, an additional experiment that the intermittent radiation time was one tenth of total reaction time (intermittent radiation (1/10)) was conducted to research the microwave energy utilization. The results showed that the energy efficiency increased as the temperature rose. And the energy utilization of intermittent radiation (1/10) was 16.7% higher than that of the continuous radiation at 175°C.

Photographs of several parties held in Miami, Florida including special screening of the film "Foxcatcher," release party of the book "The Social Climber's Bible," and Eight Annual Golden Heart Awards, are presented.

Photographs of various events in New York as of November 2014 is presented which includes the New York City Ballet's Fall Gala, a dinner to celebrate public art, and a concert by Jamie Cullum.

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the progress of phase change (PCM) technology in construction and building materials. The function, classification and application of phase change energy storage materials were reviewed. PCMs can be used in construction and building materials for energy-saving purposes, such as coatings, gypsum board, mortar, concrete etc. The existing problems of phase change energy storage materials, current research topics were put forward. It probable that phase change energy storage materials will find wide application in construction and building materials in the near future.

The low utilization rate of the traditional lighting system lighting and the overall layout and wiring costs high affecting the overall appearance and so many problems. This design of an intelligent lighting control system based on ZigBee technology. Using ZigBee CC2530 of the TI Company, the system researches and designs a sending module and a receiving module of intelligent wireless lighting control system. The ZigBee terminal node sends control signal to the coordinator node. The coordinator node CC2530 output of PWM wave signal according to the control instruction signal. the output of the PWM wave signal controlled the LED brightness through PT4115 chip LED driver circuit. Through tests,the results show that it can meet the demand of daily light regulation.

This paper analyzed the important of lighting in museum from three main aspects, environmental lighting. LED lighting can not only meet requirements of museum lighting, and also has advantage of protecting historical relics and intelligent energy saving. The dimming control of accent lighting is achieved by infrared detection, distance detection of visitor and exhibits. Intelligent lighting and bionic controlling improve the intelligent level of exhibition, protect historical relics effectively, reflect the topic of energy saving and environmental protection.

Photographs of models portraying fairy tale characters are presented including Mia Moretti as Rapunzel, Jessica Perez as Cinderella and Amy Fine Collins as Sleeping Beauty.

Photographs of several people are presented including Fernanda Kellogg, Kirk Henckels and Katie Lee.

Two new basic ionic liquids (ILs) are designed and synthesized in order to conquer the challenge arising from the capture of CO2in flue gas whose temperature is over 373 K, and they possess a suitable basic strength to adsorb CO2at 393 K with the capacity of 22–49 mg g–1. After these ILs are immobilized on mesoporous alumina or silica, equimolar CO2capture is realized at 393 K for the first time. Besides, these adsorbents can be regenerated at 443 K to form a feasible cycle for controlling CO2emission in flue gas. Theoretical calculations indicated the key role played by the mesoporous support in promoting CO2adsorption via electrostatic interactions between support and ILs. An unwonted promotion of the support’s ζ-potential on the performance of ILs is revealed, which induces the immobilized ILs to be oriented in a favorable dispersion, enhancing the efficiency of ILs in the CO2adsorption at elevated temperature. This study proposes a new strategy for the sustainable development of novel adsorbent.

An interview with several female horse riders are presented including Grace Duy, Olivia Mulvey and Lauren Greco. Topics of the interview include the dedication to equestrian sports, the factors influencing the decision of the riders to engage in the sport and the hobbies of the riders outside horse riding.

Currently, there are some problems of university informatization, such as low information management functions, serious information island phenomenon, the lack of information security operation, as well as information is not sufficient to carry out the evaluation and assessment, and so on. For these situation and problems, as the main mechanism for the construction of the content and objectives of university information technology, we have to use and efficient management mechanism, smooth and safe operation mechanism and long-term scientific evaluation and assessment mechanism, then take appropriate countermeasures.

The article profiles several key players in the art industry in Manhattan, New York which include private art dealer Jordana Zeldin, art specialist Sara Friedlander, and the FLAG Art Foundation director Stephanie Roach.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with α-synuclein-based Lewy body pathology, which has been difficult to observe in conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture and even in animal models. We herein aimed to develop a three-dimensional (3D) cellular model of PD to recapitulate the α-synuclein pathologies. All-trans-retinoic acid-differentiated human SH-SY5Y cells and Matrigel were optimized for 3D construction. The 3D cultured cells displayed higher tyrosine hydroxylase expression than 2D cells and improved dopaminergic-like phenotypes, as suggested by RNA-sequencing analyses. Multiple forms of α-synuclein, including monomer, and low- and high-molecular mass oligomers, were differentially present in the 2D and 3D cells, but mostly remained unchanged upon N-methyl-4-phenyl pyridine or rotenone treatment. Phosphorylated α-synuclein was accumulated, and detergent-insoluble α-synuclein fraction was observed, in the neurotoxin-treated 3D cells. Importantly, Lewy body-like inclusions were captured in the 3D system, including proteinase K-resistant α-synuclein aggregates, ubiquitin aggregation, and β-amyloid and β-sheet protein deposition. The study provides a unique and convenient 3D model of PD that recapitulates critical α-synuclein pathologies and should be useful in multiple PD-associated applications.

We used methods such as microorganism cultivation and PCR-DGGE to examine the influence of glyphosate, paraquat, and xiao suo (used exclusively in China) on biodiversity. Two weeks after herbicide application, the strongest herbicidal effect was observed from paraquat, followed by glyphosate and then xiao suo. Although weed suppression was maintained over the effective period of each herbicide, surface vegetation gradually recovered after one month. Levels of soil bacteria and fungi were noticeably altered by exposure to herbicide. Actinomycetes were unaffected, however. Bacterial genetic diversity obviously changed, with some DGGE bands disappearing. Although several DGGE bands were lost, fungal genetic diversity remained constant. Actinomycetes remained constant. Overall, glyphosate and paraquat had stronger culling effects on surface plants than xiao suo, whereas glyphosate and xiao suo had stronger effects on soil microorganisms than paraquat. The results have implications for agriculture production, and provide information related to soil ecological stability and recovery for use in ecological management of economic forests.

This paper summarizes the problems of the regulatory detailed planning currently, and draw the conclusion that lack of economic analysis is one of the reasons. This paper investigate how to use economic analysis in regulatory detailed planning in order to increase the operability of regulatory detailed planning.

The LiMg0.06Mn1.94O4 calcined at 500 °C for 3 hours then sintered at 600 °C, 700 °C and 800 °C for 3 hours by flameless liquid-phase combustion synthesis are prepared. Particle properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Besides, galvanostatic tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were performed to investigate the cycling performance. Particle properties analyses showed that LiMg0.06Mn1.94O4 sintered at 600 °C has a single phase and the average grain size is about 80-200 nm with a little agglomeration, it also displays the highest initial capacity of 114.2 mAh/g and still remains 82.7% after 40 cycles. Results showed that sintered temperature by nitric acid assisted liquid-phase combustion method should be 600 °C.

This paper proposed a new method based on hidden Markov model (HMM) to distinguish the degradation mode of the battery of electric vehicle. In the process of describing the degradation process of battery of electric vehicle, degradation models under dynamic running conditions need to be analyzed in order to effectively forecast the remaining useful mileage and life of battery. First, the paper performs cluster analysis of the batterys charge and discharge curves to find out the degradation mode of the battery. Then HMM is applied to research the dynamic changes of the degradation mode and predict future degradation mode sequences. Finally, experimental analysis based on batterys charge and discharge data from NASA proves the effectiveness of the proposed approach.