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Characterising the vegetation-pollen signal is a crucial task for enhancing the interpretation of fossil pollen records. This study analyses 28 surface soil samples collected in the surroundings of Iztaccíhuatl volcano, between 2,650 and 4,024 m asl. Pollen zones and ordination analysis were assessed to establish a qualitative connection between the pollen signal and the distribution of plant communities along the elevation gradient. The results show: (i) the predominant pollen type in the pollen assemblage is Pinus; (ii) pollen grains of Quercusand Alnusare present along the elevation gradient, even at high elevations where the parental plants are not typically found; (iii) samples taken between 2,650 and 3,338 m asl., where fir forests dominate, exhibit higher values of Abiespollen compared to samples above 3,405 m asl.; (iv) the locally-dispersed pollen of the hemiparasite Arceuthobiumresults key in identifying the presence of pine forests; and (v) pollen taxa such as Apiaceae, Eryngium, Valerianaceae, and Caryophyllaceae are linked to higher elevations, specifically where the plant communities of Pinus hartwegiiand alpine grassland occur. The study suggests that the pollen signal along the elevation gradient is useful to characterise the main plant communities of the study site (fir forest, pine forest and alpine grassland). Additionally, the percentage variations of Abiesin the pollen signal below 3,600 m asl. show the reduction of fir forest communities resulting from recent human activities in the area.

To assess the impact of a multimodal interventional project (“Zero Resistance”) on the acquisition of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR-B) during the patient’s ICU stay.

Las herramientas para analizar la casuística en consultas externas son escasas e insatisfactorias. El objetivo de este trabajo de la Sociedad Castellano Manchega de Endocrinología, Nutrición y Diabetes (SCAMEND) fue el desarrollo de una herramienta que permita analizar la casuística de las consultas externas de Endocrinología y Nutrición teniendo en cuenta la complejidad de la patología atendida.

Valorar si la tomografía de coherencia óptica de segmento anterior (OCT-SA) es un método de diagnóstico no invasivo adecuado para diferenciar lesiones córneo-conjuntivales benignas (pterygium)de las premalignas (neoplasia intraepitelial córneo-conjuntival [CIN]).

Residual biomass is a renewable resource with attractive characteristics to produce energy and biofuels. Diverse studies have stated that residual biomass used for biofuels and energy production can contribute partially to solve the energy demand problem, decreasing fossil fuels carbon emissions. Most works have focused on developing new technologies, processes, and processing systems based on biomass. Other works have addressed the supply chain-planning problem to determine optimal locations considering diverse objectives. A third group of works have proposed schemes based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to determine suitable locations in different types of systems. Nevertheless, works capable to combine the advantage of GIS, mathematical programming, and process design have not been properly conducted. Therefore, this paper presents a sequential approach for the optimal planning of a residual biomass processing system. The methodology considers selecting potential locations through a multicriteria methodology based on GIS. Also, this paper proposes a mathematical programming approach for the optimal planning of a residual biomass processing system, which considers as input the locations predefined by GIS methodology, as well as six potential products, six processing routes, and eight raw materials. The mathematical programming approach consists of mass balances to obtain the interconnections between the different supply chain nodes, as well as constraints to model the considered technologies involving capital investment and production costs. The GIS approach was applied to a case study in Mexico, which produced 764 harvesting sites and 334 processing plants for all considered residual biomass types. The optimization approach conducted used 33 processing plants, 467 harvesting sites, and 2 products from 3 biomass types in order to determine the final supply chain topology. Results show that the proposed methodology is a useful tool to determine the optimal supply chain topology during the decision process.

Recently, geographic information system (GIS) tools have been used to determine suitable locations on different manufacturing systems. Commonly, GIS tools assign weights to diverse geographical layers, where weights are assigned by knowledge experts as well as methods such as the analytical hierarchy process and the best worst method. However, most of the methodologies to assign weights are based on subjective criteria. Thus, this work proposes a novel approach for determining weights in a GIS methodology based on a multistakeholder approach to address the lack of methodologies to determine weights in GIS approaches. Our proposal consists of a multiobjective optimization problem considering several cases proposed by stakeholders, which are based on previously obtained GIS models. Consequently, weights are determined via a multiobjective approach to find the trade-off between satisfaction and global suitability. We applied the proposed methodology in a case study for Mexico focused on determining locations of a biomass supply chain. Results show that it is not possible to reach the maximum satisfaction level for each of the stakeholders simultaneously. Nevertheless, we generated a Pareto curve to show the compromise between suitability and satisfaction, which could be an extra tool for the decision-making process.

Evaluar si existen diferencias en la presentación clínica y en la atención de pacientes adultos con crisis epilépticas (CE) en servicios de urgencias hospitalarios (SUH) en función de la edad ≥75 años y si esta se asocia de manera independiente a resultados en el SUH y a 30 días del alta.

La displasia ectodérmica hipohidrótica (DEH) es una enfermedad rara caracterizada por la anormal formación de los tejidos derivados del ectodermo. La hipoplasia de las glándulas de Meibomio es una de las manifestaciones oftalmológicas más frecuentes en estos pacientes.

We study shifts in phytoplankton proxies linked to terrigenous inputs and teleconnections in a core from Soledad Basin, Gulf of Ulloa, NW Mexico, spanning the end of the deglaciation and the Holocene. We used biogenic opal (% opal), organic carbon (% total organic carbon [TOC]), and inorganic carbon (% CaCO3) as proxies of productivity and opal/TOC and CaCO3/TOC ratios as proxies of nutrient uptake and C‐export by siliceous and carbonate organisms. We reconstructed terrestrial inputs and identified authigenic gypsum. Based on opal/TOC and CaCO3/TOC ratios, we found periodic changes of ~0.5, 1.1–1.8 ka cycle in phytoplankton proxies exporting siliceous and carbonate skeletal debris to the sediments. An increase in carbonate organisms occurred during 14–8.7 ka, corresponding to reduced El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)‐like variability, in parallel to the northward displacement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and an overall negative phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). An increase in siliceous organisms occurred between 6 and 3 ka, coincident with strong ENSO‐like conditions, southern migration of ITCZ, and less intense but more frequent positive PDO‐hydrological variability. Grain size analyses show significant amounts of fine fraction (dust <6.6 μm) present during the early‐ to mid‐Holocene in agreement to extreme weather on land, with episodes of eolian and fluvial transport to the sea. The ENSO‐like variations influenced biological C‐export producers on a scale of 1.1–1.8 ka, but PDO‐related variability is uncertain. We suggest that Holocene drivers for phytoplankton successions are changes in insolation, ITCZ migration, California Current upwelling, nutrient inputs by advection, and terrestrial sources. We worked on a marine core off SW Baja California, Mexico, to study past changes in microscopic algal groups (phytoplankton) over the last 14,000 years. We study the role of nutrients from terrestrial and marine sources and investigate the role of ocean currents and natural phenomena like El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) along NE Pacific margin. To reconstruct biological productivity, we analyzed the remains of ancient organisms like silicon (opal), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), and organic matter (TOC) content and determine the algal group that grows more efficiently and deposits more organic matter in the sediments. To reconstruct terrestrial sources, we measure the sediments' grain size. We found cyclical periods that alternate siliceous versus carbonate algae every 500, 1,100, and 1800 years. Carbonate phytoplankton was more abundant between 14,000 and 8,000 years ago, and siliceous phytoplankton was more abundant between 6,000 and 3,000 years ago. Reconstructions of terrestrial climate suggest that during humid periods land nutrients and carbonate phytoplankton increase in parallel, whereas during the strength of the California Current, ocean nutrients and siliceous phytoplankton grow together, proving that an important connection exists between land climate, ocean circulation, and biological productivity. A 14‐ka record of productivity proxies in the California Current shows shifts in phytoplankton linked to dust inputs and continental climateOpal/TOC and CaCO3/TOC molar ratios show changes of 0.5, 1.1, and 1.8 ka cycle linked to ENSO‐like variability and ITCZ latitudinal migrationMain drivers of C‐export by calcareous and siliceous communities include upwelling, nutrient advection, and inputs from land

Presentamos un caso de linfoma linfocítico de células pequeñas primario de glándula lagrimal en un varón diagnosticado de síndrome antifosfolípido primario. Estos infrecuentes linfomas se presentan habitualmente en la clínica como diseminaciones secundarias a una leucemia linfocítica crónica, siendo rara su localización primaria en la órbita.

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Por medio de técnicas paleoecológicas se documentó la historia florística y ambiental del bosque mesófilo de montaña con presencia relictual de Acer saccharumsubsp. skutchiidel centro-occidente de México. La reconstrucción de la vegetación de los últimos 720 años se efectuó a través del núcleo de sedimento (TLP-N2) de 37cm de profundidad; los indicadores geoquímicos utilizados incluyen susceptibilidad magnética, fluorescencia de rayos X y pérdida por ignición; mientras que el microcarbón fue empleado como indicador de incendios forestales. Los resultados muestran el inicio de la pequeña edad de hielo a partir de 1341-1858 dC, con la presencia de abundantes taxones leñosos y pteridofitas. El periodo más seco se presentó de 1653-1720 dC, etapa que corresponde con el mínimo de Maunder en la actividad solar; este se caracteriza por un aumento de polen de herbáceas como Poaceae, Pipery Arisaema. Las condiciones ambientales actuales se establecieron a partir de 1871 dC, que se asemeja con las condiciones del periodo cálido medieval (1230-1319 dC), mientras que la actividad humana relacionada con la presencia de polen de maíz se infiere desde hace 720 años. Los resultados del registro paleoecológico sugieren que el bosque mesófilo ha sido fluctuante y resiliente durante el último milenio.

IntroductionThe current gold standard assessment of diaphragm contractility involves invasive measures of transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) (ATS/ERS 2002). Surface mechanomyography (sMMG) is a non-invasive measure of muscle fibre vibration during contraction. Sarlabous et al (ERJ 2015) reported a high correlation between diaphragm sMMG (sMMGdi) amplitude and inspiratory mouth pressure, a measure of global respiratory muscle function. To further validate the technique, the relationship between sMMGdi and Pdi was examined in this study, hypothesising that there would be a close relationship between sMMGdi and Pdi in healthy subjects.MethodsPdi and sMMGdi (right lateral chest) were measured in 12 healthy subjects (6 male, age 33 (30–38) years, BMI 22.2 (20.6–24.2) kg/m2) during an increasing inspiratory threshold loading protocol. sMMGdi signals were analysed using fixed sample entropy (fSampEn). Mean and peak values, and the area under the curve of inspiratory Pdi and fSampEn sMMGdi, were calculated and compared.ResultsStrong correlations between the non-invasive sMMGdi and the invasive Pdi measures were observed for all three parameters (figure 1).[Figure]ConclusionThe strong correlation between measures of sMMGdi and Pdi in healthy subjects suggests that sMMGdi could provide a clinically applicable noninvasive index of respiratory muscle contractility in patients with respiratory muscle weakness for diagnosis and monitoring.