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ABSTRACTA brief daily body-mind-spirit (BMS) workplace well-being program has been developed for community mental health workers (CMHW). Aiming to evaluate the program’s efficacy, this study adopted a multi-site randomized controlled trial design. Primary outcome measures included work engagement and burnout. The data analysis included 175 participants. ANOVA revealed significant group x time interaction effects on work engagement (η2 = 0.037, p = 0.039) and on one of its sub-scores: absorption (η2 = 0.048, p = 0.014). Regarding burnout, ANOVA revealed that at T4 there were significant group x time effects on burnout total score and all three of its sub-scores, including work-related burnout, client-related burnout and personal burnout. Partial eta squared ranged between 0.028 and 0.071, suggesting a small-to-medium effect size. Overall findings demonstrated the protective effect of the Brief Daily BMS program in preserving work engagement during challenging conditions, and to a lesser extent in reducing burnout among CMHW.

ABSTRACTDuring COVID-19 pandemic, people experienced lockdown and associated distress. As face-to-face intervention was unfeasible, an 8-week Strength-based Online Community Intervention (SOCI) was developed and evaluated with a quasi-experimental design in Hubei Province, China from February to April 2020. Participants (N = 150) self-elected to join either the SOCI group or a casual discussion control group. Pre-/post-measures on post-traumatic stress, positive and negative affect, resilience, and spirituality were taken. Multivariate ANOVA revealed a significant combined effect with a medium effect size (partial eta squared = 0.11). Specifically, significant group × time interaction effects were revealed for resilience, spirituality, and positive affect.

Prenatal emotional distress is common in pregnant women. Altered emotional distress can occur from the very beginning to the end of pregnancy. Heart rate variability (HRV) has recently become considered to be a potentially reliable psychophysiological stress biomarker in adults. In the current study, we evaluated ultra-short-term HRV (1-minute measurement) as a psychophysiological biomarker by examining the association between HRV parameters and self-reported prenatal emotional distress among pregnant women (N= 230) across three trimesters of pregnancy.

Data support for wetland protection function evaluation can be provided by quantitatively analyzing the ability of regulating the regional climate of the wetland ecosystem. In this study, the cold-humid effect of the Baiyangdian wetland was analyzed by comparing the meteorological conditions of the Baiyangdian wetland and its surrounding areas. Meanwhile, the regulatory functions of the Baiyangdian wetland for the processes and magnitudes of temperature and relative humidity from August to October 2008 were evaluated. The results show that daily mean temperatures in the Baiyangdian wetland were lower than in the surrounding areas, and that temperature differences mainly occurred in the daytime but were not obvious at night. Diurnal temperature ranges in the Baiyangdian wetland were lower than in the surrounding areas, and the higher the diurnal temperature range in the surrounding areas was, the stronger the regulation ability of the Baiyangdian wetland. Compared with the surrounding areas, the decline of the daily minimum temperature in the Baiyangdian wetland was gentler, and the mean relative humidity there was higher. The present findings indicate that effects of the Baiyangdian wetland on climate and humidity regulation are significant.

With the development of integrated circuit technology, design for test (DFT) is on the agenda. In this paper, we propose a new method that the non-test part of a SIP chip can be easily tested with the boundary-scan test utilizing the boundary scan chain of the FPGA. The problem of no boundary scan test structure in one (or more) chip in a system-in-package (SIP) can be solved by connecting the interconnection (s) to be tested to the FPGA to form an enlarged boundary scan daisy chain.

This paper gives a brief explanation of the failure mechanism of rock fragmentation in rock cutting. The JOHNSON_HOLMGIST_CONCRETE is selected as the rock material model in numerical simulation with confining pressure and damage influence introduced. We use the non-linear dynamic finite element software LS/DYNA to simulate the dynamic process of cutting rock. The cutting forces acting on disc cutter are computed. The relationship between cutting forces and penetration depth, confining pressure and damage parameters are obtained. The results show that, the cutting forces increase with the penetration depth. They are larger in equal confining pressure than unequal condition. The forces are amplified with the damage parameters increasing. The conclusion provides a reference for the prediction of the cutting forces.

To determine if D2 dopamine receptor-mediated nuclear signaling is altered during the development of amphetamine sensitization, we examined the expression of immediate-early gene (IEG) products, Fos, Jun, and Fos-related antigen (FRA), in both controls and amphetamine-sensitized rats after a challenge with the D2 antagonist haloperidol. When chronic saline- or amphetamine (5 mg/kg, i.p. for 14 days)-treated rats were challenged with 2 mg/kg haloperidol at withdrawal day 3 (w3), more 35-kDa FRA was induced in the ventral striatum of the control group than in the amphetamine-treated rats. In contrast, more Jun and 35-kDa FRA were expressed in the ventral striatum of the amphetamine-treated group than in the controls when haloperidol was given at w10. Topographical analyses indicate that the decrease in FRA immunoreactive neuronal density in amphetamine-treated rats at w3 were located in the dorsolateral caudate/putamen and the nucleus accumbens shell and core subregions. Conversely, the increase in Jun-immunoreactive neurons in amphetamine-treated rats at w10 was observed in the dorsolateral caudate/putamen; in the case of the FRAs, the increase was observed in the nucleus accumbens shell. In addition, the time-dependent profile of IEG expression paralleled the activation of an upstream regulator, cAMP-response element binding protein, in the ventral striatum after haloperidol treatment. These neurochemical changes may be associated with behavioral plasticity, since amphetamine-treated rats displayed a lower amount of locomotor activity when exposed to a novel environment at w3, but had recovered at w10. Overall, the current study reveals that there is a distinct temporal and spatial profile of haloperidol-induced IEG expression and/or CREB phosphorylation in amphetamine-treated rats, suggesting that there is a critical transition between the early and late withdrawal periods. Synapse 45:230–244, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

To determine if D2 dopamine receptor-mediated nuclear signaling is altered during the development of amphetamine sensitization, we examined the expression of immediate-early gene (IEG) products, Fos, Jun, and Fos-related antigen (FRA), in both controls and amphetamine-sensitized rats after a challenge with the D2 antagonist haloperidol. When chronic saline- or amphetamine (5 mg/kg, i.p. for 14 days)-treated rats were challenged with 2 mg/kg haloperidol at withdrawal day 3 (w3), more 35-kDa FRA was induced in the ventral striatum of the control group than in the amphetamine-treated rats. In contrast, more Jun and 35-kDa FRA were expressed in the ventral striatum of the amphetamine-treated group than in the controls when haloperidol was given at w10. Topographical analyses indicate that the decrease in FRA immunoreactive neuronal density in amphetamine-treated rats at w3 were located in the dorsolateral caudate/putamen and the nucleus accumbens shell and core subregions. Conversely, the increase in Jun-immunoreactive neurons in amphetamine-treated rats at w10 was observed in the dorsolateral caudate/putamen; in the case of the FRAs, the increase was observed in the nucleus accumbens shell. In addition, the time-dependent profile of IEG expression paralleled the activation of an upstream regulator, cAMP-response element binding protein, in the ventral striatum after haloperidol treatment. These neurochemical changes may be associated with behavioral plasticity, since amphetamine-treated rats displayed a lower amount of locomotor activity when exposed to a novel environment at w3, but had recovered at w10. Overall, the current study reveals that there is a distinct temporal and spatial profile of haloperidol-induced IEG expression and/or CREB phosphorylation in amphetamine-treated rats, suggesting that there is a critical transition between the early and late withdrawal periods. Synapse 45:230–244, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

To determine if D2dopamine receptor‐mediated nuclear signaling is altered during the development of amphetamine sensitization, we examined the expression of immediate‐early gene (IEG) products, Fos, Jun, and Fos‐related antigen (FRA), in both controls and amphetamine‐sensitized rats after a challenge with the D2antagonist haloperidol. When chronic saline‐ or amphetamine (5 mg/kg, i.p. for 14 days)‐treated rats were challenged with 2 mg/kg haloperidol at withdrawal day 3 (w3), more 35‐kDa FRA was induced in the ventral striatum of the control group than in the amphetamine‐treated rats. In contrast, more Jun and 35‐kDa FRA were expressed in the ventral striatum of the amphetamine‐treated group than in the controls when haloperidol was given at w10. Topographical analyses indicate that the decrease in FRA immunoreactive neuronal density in amphetamine‐treated rats at w3 were located in the dorsolateral caudate/putamen and the nucleus accumbens shell and core subregions. Conversely, the increase in Jun‐immunoreactive neurons in amphetamine‐treated rats at w10 was observed in the dorsolateral caudate/putamen; in the case of the FRAs, the increase was observed in the nucleus accumbens shell. In addition, the time‐dependent profile of IEG expression paralleled the activation of an upstream regulator, cAMP‐response element binding protein, in the ventral striatum after haloperidol treatment. These neurochemical changes may be associated with behavioral plasticity, since amphetamine‐treated rats displayed a lower amount of locomotor activity when exposed to a novel environment at w3, but had recovered at w10. Overall, the current study reveals that there is a distinct temporal and spatial profile of haloperidol‐induced IEG expression and/or CREB phosphorylation in amphetamine‐treated rats, suggesting that there is a critical transition between the early and late withdrawal periods. Synapse 45:230–244, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Two G protein‐coupled receptors have been identified that bind corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF) and urocortin (UCN) with high affinity. Hybridization histochemical methods were used to shed light on controversies concerning their localization in rat brain, and to provide normative distributional data in mouse, the standard model for genetic manipulation in mammals. The distribution of CRF‐R1 mRNA in mouse was found to be fundamentally similar to that in rat, with expression predominating in the cerebral cortex, sensory relay nuclei, and in the cerebellum and its major afferents. Pronounced species differences in distribution were few, although more subtle variations in the relative strength of R1 expression were seen in several forebrain regions. CRF‐R2 mRNA displayed comparable expression in rat and mouse brain, distinct from, and more restricted than that of CRF‐R1. Major neuronal sites of CRF‐R2 expression included aspects of the olfactory bulb, lateral septal nucleus, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, medial and posterior cortical nuclei of the amygdala, ventral hippocampus, mesencephalic raphe nuclei, and novel localizations in the nucleus of the solitary tract and area postrema. Several sites of expression in the limbic forebrain were found to overlap partially with ones of androgen receptor expression. In pituitary, rat and mouse displayed CRF‐R1 mRNA signal continuously over the intermediate lobe and over a subset of cells in the anterior lobe, whereas CRF‐R2 transcripts were expressed mainly in the posterior lobe. The distinctive expression pattern of CRF‐R2 mRNA identifies additional putative central sites of action for CRF and/or UCN. Constitutive expression of CRF‐R2 mRNA in the nucleus of the solitary tract, and stress‐inducible expression of CRF‐R1 transcripts in the paraventricular nucleus may provide a basis for understanding documented effects of CRF‐related peptides at a loci shown previously to lack a capacity for CRF‐R expression or CRF binding. Other such “mismatches” remain to be reconciled. J. Comp. Neurol. 428:191–212, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

AN anti-leptin polyclonal antiserum was used to detect leptin-immunoreactivity (-ir) in the central nervous system in rats. Leptin-ir was found in perikaryon and processes of neurons in the hypothalamus, including the paraventricular nucleus, and in several regions in the brainstem, including the nucleus of the solitary tract. In streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats, leptin-ir was dramatically attenuated only in the hypothalamus, and was restored by insulin treatment. Our findings that removal or restoration of systemic insulin regulates hypothalamic leptin-ir suggests that the leptin-ir observed in the brain is sensitive to peripheral hormone status. The presence of insulin-regulated leptin in the hypothalamus reveals a new avenue of research on the central actions of leptin in regulating energy balance and metabolism.