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In situ vaccines that can stimulate tumor immune response have emerged as a breakthrough in antitumor therapy. However, the immunosuppressed tumor microenvironment and insufficient infiltration of immune cells lead to ineffective antitumor immunity. Hence, a biomimetic carrier-free nanosystem (BCC) to induce synergistic phototherapy/chemotherapy-driven in situ vaccines was designed. A carrier-free nanosystem was developed using phototherapeutic reagents CyI and celastrol as raw materials. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that under NIR light irradiation, BCC-mediated photo/chemotherapy not only accelerates the release of drugs to deeper parts of tumors, achieving timing and light-controlled drug delivery to result in cell apoptosis, but also effectively stimulates the antitumor response to induce in situ vaccine, which could invoke long-lasting antitumor immunity to inhibit tumor metastasis and eliminate distant tumor. This therapeutic strategy holds promise for priming robust innate and adaptive immune responses, arresting cancer progression, and inducing tumor dormancy.

Background: Some studies have demonstrated the short-term recovery course for patients who underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy according to preoperative computed tomography angiography (CTA) assessment. However, reports of the long-term oncological outcomes are still limited. Methods: The data of 988 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic or robotic radical gastrectomy between January 2014 and September 2018 were analyzed retrospectively at our center,and propensity score matching was used to eliminate bias. Study cohorts were divided into the CTA group (n = 498) and the non-CTA group (n = 490) depending on whether preoperative CTA was available. The primary and secondary endpoints were the 3-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates and the intraoperative course and short-term outcomes, respectively. Results: 431 patients were included in each group after PSM. Compared with the non-CTA group, the CTA group had more harvested lymph nodes and less operative time, blood loss, intraoperative vascular injury and total cost, especially in the subgroup analysis with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2patients. There was no difference in the 3 year OS and DFS between the CTA group and the non-CTA group. When further stratified by BMI < 25 or ≥ 25 kg/m2, the 3-year OS and DFS were significantly higher in the CTA group than in the non-CTA group in terms of BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Conclusions: Laparoscopic or robotic radical gastrectomy based on preoperative perigastric artery CTA surgical decision-making has the possibility of improving short-term outcomes. However, there is no difference in the long-term prognosis, except for a subgroup of patients with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Graphical abstract:

Background: This study was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent gastrectomy for LAGC (cT2-4aN+M0) after NACT from January 2015 to December 2019. The patients were divided into a LG group and an open gastrectomy (OG) group. The short- and long-term outcomes in both groups were examined following propensity score matching. Results: We retrospectively reviewed 288 patients with LAGC who underwent gastrectomy following NACT. Of these 288 patients, 218 were enrolled; after 1:1 propensity score matching, each group comprised 81 patients. The LG group had significantly lower estimated blood loss than the OG group [80 (50–110) vs. 280 (210–320) mL, P< 0.001) but a longer operation time [205 (186.5–222.5) vs. 182 (170–190) min, P< 0.001], a lower postoperative complication rate (24.7% vs. 42.0%,P= 0.002), and a shorter postoperative hospitalization period [8 (7–10) vs. 10 (8–11.5) days, P= 0.001]. Subgroup analysis revealed that patients who underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy had a lower rate of postoperative complications than patients in the OG group (18.8% vs. 38.6%,P= 0.034); however, such a pattern was not seen in patients who underwent total gastrectomy (32.3% vs. 45.9%,P= 0.251). The 3-year matched cohort analysis showed no significant difference in overall survival or recurrence-free survival (log-rank P= 0.816 and P= 0.726, respectively) (71.3% and 65.0% in OG vs. 69.1% and 61.7% in LG, respectively). Conclusion: In the short term, LG following NACT is safer and more effective than OG. However, the long-term results are comparable. Graphic abstract:

An energy-efficient magnetic track-eddy current composite brake (MT-ECB) for high-speed trains is proposed in this study. It has two modes: the magnetic track working mode and eddy current working mode. First, the structure and operating principle of the composite brake are introduced. Subsequently, a multiobjective optimisation process of the major structural parameters was conducted with the consumed PM volume, electrical excitation, and magnetic attraction force as optimisation objectives. A Kriging surrogate model for the MT-ECB was established. Optimal Pareto front solutions were acquired by adopting the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGAII), and the optimisation results were verified via a 3-D finite element simulation. After the optimisation of the MT-ECB, the consumed PM volume decreased by 18%, and the power consumption was reduced by 21%. The electric energy consumed per 1000 N of the eddy current braking force decreased from 4 kW to approximately 2 kW, resulting in a remarkable energy-efficient effect.

Targeting cytokinesis can suppress tumor growth by blocking cell division and promoting apoptosis. We aimed to characterize key cytokinesis regulator in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression, providing insights into identifying promising HCC therapeutic targets. The unbiased bioinformatic screening identified Anillin actin binding protein (ANLN) as a critical cytokinesis regulator involved in HCC development. Functional assay demonstrated that knockdown of ANLN inhibited HCC growth by inducing cytokinesis failure and DNA damage, leading to multinucleation and mitotic catastrophe. Mechanistically, ANLN acts as a scaffold to strengthen interaction between RACGAP1 and PLK1. ANLN promotes PLK1-mediated RACGAP1 phosphorylation and RhoA activation to ensure cytokinesis fidelity. To explore the function of ANLN in HCC tumorigenesis, we hydrodynamically transfected c-Myc and NRAS plasmids into Anln+/+, Anln+/−, and Anln−/−mice through tail vein injection. Hepatic Anlnablation significantly impaired c-Myc/NRAS-driven hepatocarcinogenesis. Moreover, enhanced hepatic polyploidization was observed in Anlnablation mice, manifesting as increasing proportion of cellular and nuclear polyploidy. Clinically, ANLN is upregulated in human HCC tissues and high level of ANLN is correlated with poor patients’ prognosis. Additionally, the proportion of cellular polyploidy decreases during HCC progression and ANLN level is significantly correlated with cellular polyploidy proportion in human HCC samples. In conclusion, ANLN is identified as a key cytokinesis regulator contributing to HCC initiation and progression. Our findings revealed a novel mechanism of ANLN in the regulation of cytokinesis to promote HCC tumorigenesis and growth, suggesting targeting ANLN to inhibit cytokinesis may be a promising therapeutic strategy for HCC.

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Background: Research on short-term outcomes and oncology results after robotic gastrectomy (RG) is still limited, especially from a single surgical team. The purpose of this study was to compare the short-term and long-term outcomes of robotic and laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG). Methods: Between October 2014 and September 2019, 1686 consecutive patients who underwent MIS gastrectomy were enrolled. The patients were divided into RG and LG groups according to surgical type. Groups were matched at a 1:1 ratio using propensity scores based on the following variables: age, sex, ASA score, primary tumor location, histologic type, pathological stage, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The primary outcomes were 3-year overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). The secondary outcomes were postoperative short-term outcomes. Results: Demographic and baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups after matching. Compared to the LG group, the RG group had a significantly higher retrieved lymph node (LN) number (32.15 vs 30.82, P= 0.040), more retrieved supra-pancreatic LNs (12.45 vs 11.61, P= 0.028), lower estimated blood loss (73.67 vs 98.08 ml, P< 0.001), but longer operation time (205.18 vs 185.27 min, P< 0.001) and higher hospitalization costs ($13,607 vs $10,928, P< 0.001) in the matched cohort. In the subgroup analysis, we observed that compared with LG, patients with advanced gastric cancer benefitted more from RG surgery. The matched cohort analysis demonstrated no statistically significant differences for 3-year OS or RFS (log-rank, P= 0.648 and P= 0.951, respectively): 80.3% and 77.0% in LG vs. 81.2% and 76.6% in RG, respectively. Conclusion: RG has certain technical advantages over LG, especially in patients with advanced gastric cancer. However, RG does not improve long-term oncology outcomes.

A Bayesian updating method is proposed to estimate a Markov chain based concrete deck deterioration model in a manner that combines condition data collected over two consecutive inspections and the deterioration information available prior to the collection of these data. A dataset of bridge deck condition assessments based on AASHTO condition state definitions collected by a state infrastructure agency spanning two years is used to evaluate the performance of this method. Training and validation datasets are selected from the original dataset where the former is used for estimation and the latter for prediction and evaluation. Single period transition probabilities are estimated using Bayesian updating, where prior deterioration information is combined with the condition data, and maximum likelihood estimation where only the collected condition data over two consecutive inspections are used. The evaluation is based on measuring the degree of similarity between reported condition states and those predicted based on the estimated transition probabilities using the two estimation methods. While updating transition probabilities as new data are collected is found to be advantageous for many cases, this advantage is highly dependent on the extent to which the training dataset is representative of the deterioration nature of the bridge decks for which condition is to be predicted. The less representative the training dataset, the more value is derived from Bayesian updating based predictions where prior deterioration information is considered.

IntroductionEndovascular coiling is a valid treatment option for poor-grade ruptured aneurysms. However, little is known about stent-assisted coiling of poor-grade aneurysms.ObjectiveTo compare the safety and efficacy of stent-assisted coiling with coiling alone for poor-grade aneurysms.MethodsUsing multicenter data on poor-grade aneurysms, we performed a retrospective analysis of 131 consecutive patients treated with endovascular coiling within 14 days after ictus. Patients were split into two groups: stent-assisted coiling and coiling alone. Baseline characteristics, immediate angiographic results, perioperative complications, and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups.ResultsTwenty-three (17.6%) patients were treated with stent-assisted coiling and 108 (82.4%) with coiling alone. There were no statistically significant differences in patient age, sex, clinical grade, Fisher grade, modified Fisher grade, aneurysm location, and size between the stent-assisted coiling and coiling alone groups. Intraprocedural aneurysm rupture, procedure-related ischemic complication, external ventricular drainage-related hemorrhagic complication, and symptomatic vasospasm did not differ between the two groups. Immediate angiographic results and clinical outcomes at discharge and at 6 and 12 months did not differ between the groups. Aneurysm rebleeding occurred in 4 (17.4%) patients after stent-assisted coiling compared with 2 (1.9%) patients after coiling alone (p<0.007). Multivariate analysis showed that incomplete aneurysm occlusion was independently associated with aneurysm rebleeding (p=0.016), and there was a trend toward aneurysm rebleeding after stent-assisted coiling (p=0.051).ConclusionsStent-assisted coiling of poor-grade aneurysms is feasible and safe compared with coiling alone. However, the hemorrhagic complication and aneurysm rebleeding may not be negligible.

A personalized medication regimen provides precise treatment for an individual and can be guided by pre-clinical drug screening. The economical and high-efficiency simulation of the liver tumor microenvironment (TME) in a drug-screening model has high value yet challenging to accomplish. Herein, we propose a simulation of the liver TME with suspended alginate-gelatin hydrogel capsules encapsulating patient-derived liver tumor multicellular clusters, and the culture of patient-derived tumor organoids(PDTOs) for personalized pre-clinical drug screening. The hydrogel capsule offers a 3D matrix environment with mechanical and biological properties similar to those of the liver in vivo. As a result, 18 of the 28 patient-derived multicellular clusters were successfully cultured as PDTOs. These PDTOs, along with hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) of non-cellular components, preserve stromal cells, including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and vascular endothelial cells (VECs). They also maintain stable expression of molecular markers and tumor heterogeneity similar to those of the original liver tumors. Drugs, including cabazitaxel, oxaliplatin, and sorafenib, were tested in PDTOs. The sensitivity of PDTOs to these drugs differs between individuals. The sensitivity of one PDTO to oxaliplatin was validated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and biochemical tests after oxaliplatin clinical treatment of the corresponding patient. Therefore, this approach is promising for economical, accurate, and high-throughput drug screening for personalized treatment.

•The production and circulation of proto-porcelain wares of the Eastern Zhou period are examined.•43 samples from settlements and tombs, and 15 samples from production sites are analyzed.•The majority of the samples from settlements and tombs is convergent with those from production sites.•Lake Tai and river valleys appear to constitute a self-contained network of production and circulation.

In the high-speed innovation of agricultural machinery, the main means of competition among different brands has shifted from product function to good user experience. Modular silage machinery has gradually become the development trend of agricultural machinery industry. In order to reduce the purchase cost of large silage machinery, improve installation efficiency and operational comfort, the silage machinery is divided into modules based on the functional flow model. Taking silage mechanical coating module installation as an example, analyzing the installation difficulties from the perspective of ergonomics, the module division and installation process design of the lifting device, the design of the coating module armrest and the connection mode between the lifting device and the coating module are obtained. The installation plan of the silage mechanical coating module. It relieves the pressure on the lumbar spine of the operator during the installation process and provides a design basis for the installation of other modules.

The silage module of the corn header is transformed from the existing silage corn header. The tractor drives the silage module to harvest silage corn, and the performance of the silage module directly affects the quality of the harvest. In view of the strong vibration and unstable performance of the silage module during operation, it is necessary to perform vibration analysis on the frame of the silage module. The 3D model of the silage module was established by Solidworks. The modal analysis of the frame structure of the silage module was carried out by ANSYS. The first 6 modes of the frame and its natural frequency are obtained. By analyzing the intrinsic relationship between the mode and vibration of the silage module frame, the first-order mode of the silage module frame is obtained to resonate with the road surface excitation frequency. Using the technical system evolution rule to analyze the patents related to avoiding resonance methods, it is concluded that the current patent evolution is at a mature stage. It shows that there are enough ways to avoid resonance. Combined with the scientific effects of the How-to model and related patent cases, resonance is avoided by changing the structure of the frame to avoid the excitation frequency of the road surface.