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12. Thermal Shape Stability of fcc Metal Nanocrystals Synthesized with Faceted Nonequilibrium Shapes

Author

Lai, King C., Liu, Da-Jiang, Huang, Wenyu, Han, Yong, and Evans, James W.

Abstract

Highly refined capabilities of the shape-controlled solution-phase synthesis of metal nanocrystals (NCs) allow the generation of NCs with faceted nonequilibrium shapes, which optimize properties for target applications such as catalysis and plasmonics. Often, for such applications and also for TEM analysis, the NCs are removed from the solution-phase environment. We explore the postsynthesis evolution of these metastable NCs in a high-vacuum TEM environment. Specifically, we analyze their reshaping toward the equilibrium Wulff shapes mediated by surface diffusion, where such reshaping degrades the above-mentioned optimized properties. Typical sizes for these NCs range from 5 to 30 nm or 103–106atoms, and reshaping often occurs on the time scale of minutes for temperatures around, say, 400 °C. We discuss the development of predictive stochastic atomistic-level models for NC evolution with a realistic description of surface diffusion. These models, in contrast to Molecular Dynamics, can naturally address the relevant time and length scales for these systems. KMC simulation results for the stochastic models are described, focusing on the reshaping of slightly elongated nanorods and of mildly truncated octahedra and nanocubes. In addition, we review appropriate theoretical formulations for reshaping, which involves the nucleation and growth on 2D islands or layers on outer facets of the NC. We note the limitations of classical nucleation theory in some scenarios and demonstrate the successes of a more fundamental and general master equation-based analysis.

Published
2024
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13. Engineers Should Have a College Education. Research & Occasional Paper Series: CSHE.8.06

Author

California Univ., Berkeley. Center for Studies in Higher Education. and King, C. Judson

Abstract

Many societal trends and needs call for engineers to broaden their outlooks, have more flexible career options, and work closely and effectively with persons of quite different backgrounds. Yet the education and general orientation of engineers have been directed inward toward the profession, rather than outward toward the rest of society and the world. Engineering education should change to create a broader outlook and understanding in graduates and thereby engender capabilities for linkages and more likelihood of advancement into management and/or movement into other areas. The appropriate steps include moving the accredited professional engineering degree to the master's level and building upon a liberal education bachelor's degree that is analogous to pre-medical education. (Contains 14 footnotes.)

Published
2006

20. A candidate antibody drug for prevention of malaria

Author

Williams, Katherine L., Guerrero, Steve, Flores-Garcia, Yevel, Kim, Dongkyoon, Williamson, Kevin S., Siska, Christine, Smidt, Pauline, Jepson, Sofia Z., Li, Kan, Dennison, S. Moses, Mathis-Torres, Shamika, Chen, Xiaomu, Wille-Reece, Ulrike, MacGill, Randall S., Walker, Michael, Jongert, Erik, King, C. Richter, Ockenhouse, Christian, Glanville, Jacob, Moon, James E., Regules, Jason A., Tan, Yann Chong, Cavet, Guy, Lippow, Shaun M., Robinson, William H., Dutta, Sheetij, Tomaras, Georgia D., Zavala, Fidel, Ketchem, Randal R., and Emerling, Daniel E.

Abstract

Over 75% of malaria-attributable deaths occur in children under the age of 5 years. However, the first malaria vaccine recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for pediatric use, RTS,S/AS01 (Mosquirix), has modest efficacy. Complementary strategies, including monoclonal antibodies, will be important in efforts to eradicate malaria. Here we characterize the circulating B cell repertoires of 45 RTS,S/AS01 vaccinees and discover monoclonal antibodies for development as potential therapeutics. We generated >28,000 antibody sequences and tested 481 antibodies for binding activity and 125 antibodies for antimalaria activity in vivo. Through these analyses we identified correlations suggesting that sequences in Plasmodium falciparumcircumsporozoite protein, the target antigen in RTS,S/AS01, may induce immunodominant antibody responses that limit more protective, but subdominant, responses. Using binding studies, mouse malaria models, biomanufacturing assessments and protein stability assays, we selected AB-000224 and AB-007088 for advancement as a clinical lead and backup. We engineered the variable domains (Fv) of both antibodies to enable low-cost manufacturing at scale for distribution to pediatric populations, in alignment with WHO’s preferred product guidelines. The engineered clone with the optimal manufacturing and drug property profile, MAM01, was advanced into clinical development.

Published
2024
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21. Effects of sleep disturbance on dyspnoea and impaired lung function following hospital admission due to COVID-19 in the UK: a prospective multicentre cohort study

Author

Jackson, Callum, Stewart, Iain D, Plekhanova, Tatiana, Cunningham, Peter S, Hazel, Andrew L, Al-Sheklly, Bashar, Aul, Raminder, Bolton, Charlotte E, Chalder, Trudie, Chalmers, James D, Chaudhuri, Nazia, Docherty, Annemarie B, Donaldson, Gavin, Edwardson, Charlotte L, Elneima, Omer, Greening, Neil J, Hanley, Neil A, Harris, Victoria C, Harrison, Ewen M, Ho, Ling-Pei, Houchen-Wolloff, Linzy, Howard, Luke S, Jolley, Caroline J, Jones, Mark G, Leavy, Olivia C, Lewis, Keir E, Lone, Nazir I, Marks, Michael, McAuley, Hamish J C, McNarry, Melitta A, Patel, Brijesh V, Piper-Hanley, Karen, Poinasamy, Krisnah, Raman, Betty, Richardson, Matthew, Rivera-Ortega, Pilar, Rowland-Jones, Sarah L, Rowlands, Alex V, Saunders, Ruth M, Scott, Janet T, Sereno, Marco, Shah, Ajay M, Shikotra, Aarti, Singapuri, Amisha, Stanel, Stefan C, Thorpe, Mathew, Wootton, Daniel G, Yates, Thomas, Gisli Jenkins, R, Singh, Sally J, Man, William D-C, Brightling, Christopher E, Wain, Louise V, Porter, Joanna C, Thompson, A A Roger, Horsley, Alex, Molyneaux, Philip L, Evans, Rachael A, Jones, Samuel E, Rutter, Martin K, Blaikley, John F, Jackson, C, Stewart, I D, Plekhanova, T, Cunningham, P S, Hazel, A L, Al-Sheklly, B, Aul, R, Bolton, C E, Chalder, T, Chalmers, J D, Chaudhuri, N, Docherty, A B, Donaldson, G, Edwardson, C L, Elneima, O, Greening, N J, Hanley, N A, Harris, V C, Harrison, E M, Ho, L-P, Houchen-Wolloff, L, Howard, L S, Jolley, C J, Jones, M G, Leavy, O C, Lewis, K E, Lone, N I, Marks, M, McAuley, H J C, McNarry, M A, Patel, B, Piper-Hanley, K, Poinasamy, K, Raman, B, Richardson, M, Rivera-Ortega, P, Rowland-Jones, S L, Rowlands, A V, Saunders, R M, Scott, J T, Sereno, M, Shah, A M, Shikotra, A, Singapuri, A, Stanel, S C, Thorpe, M, Wootton, D G, Yates, T, Jenkins, G, Singh, S J, Man, W D-C, Brightling, C E, Wain, L V, Porter, J C, Thompson, R, Horsley, A, Molyneaux, P L, Evans, R A, Jones, S E, Rutter, M K, Blaikley, J F, Abel, K, Adamali, H, Adeloye, D, Adeyemi, O, Adrego, R, Aguilar Jimenez, L A, Ahmad, S, Ahmad Haider, N, Ahmed, R, Ahwireng, N, Ainsworth, M, Al-Sheklly, B, Alamoudi, A, Ali, M, Aljaroof, M, All, AM, Allan, L, Allen, R J, Allerton, L, Allsop, L, Almeida, P, Altmann, D, Alvarez Corral, M, Amoils, S, Anderson, D, Antoniades, C, Arbane, G, Arias, A, Armour, C, Armstrong, L, Armstrong, N, Arnold, D, Arnold, H, Ashish, A, Ashworth, A, Ashworth, M, Aslani, S, Assefa-Kebede, H, Atkin, C, Atkin, P, Aung, H, Austin, L, Avram, C, Ayoub, A, Babores, M, Baggott, R, Bagshaw, J, Baguley, D, Bailey, L, Baillie, J K, Bain, S, Bakali, M, Bakau, M, Baldry, E, Baldwin, D, Baldwin, M, Ballard, C, Banerjee, A, Bang, B, Barker, R E, Barman, L, Barratt, S, Barrett, F, Basire, D, Basu, N, Bates, M, Bates, A, Batterham, R, Baxendale, H, Bayes, H, Beadsworth, M, Beckett, P, Beggs, M, Begum, M, Beirne, P, Bell, D, Bell, R, Bennett, K, Beranova, E, Bermperi, A, Berridge, A, Berry, C, Betts, S, Bevan, E, Bhui, K, Bingham, M, Birchall, K, Bishop, L, Bisnauthsing, K, Blaikely, J, Bloss, A, Bolger, A, Bonnington, J, Botkai, A, Bourne, C, Bourne, M, Bramham, K, Brear, L, Breen, G, Breeze, J, Briggs, A, Bright, E, Brill, S, Brindle, K, Broad, L, Broadley, A, Brookes, C, Broome, M, Brown, A, Brown, J, Brown, J S, Brown, M, Brown, V, Brugha, T, Brunskill, N, Buch, M, Buckley, P, Bularga, A, Bullmore, E, Burden, L, Burdett, T, Burn, D, Burns, G, Burns, A, Busby, J, Butcher, R, Butt, A, Byrne, S, Cairns, P, Calder, P C, Calvelo, E, Carborn, H, Card, B, Carr, C, Carr, L, Carson, G, Carter, P, Casey, A, Cassar, M, Cavanagh, J, Chablani, M, Chambers, R C, Chan, F, Channon, K M, Chapman, K, Charalambou, A, Checkley, A, Chen, J, Cheng, Y, Chetham, L, Childs, C, Chilvers, E R, Chinoy, H, Chiribiri, A, Chong-James, K, Choudhury, G, Choudhury, N, Chowienczyk, P, Christie, C, Chrystal, M, Clark, D, Clark, C, Clarke, J, Clohisey, S, Coakley, G, Coburn, Z, Coetzee, S, Cole, J, Coleman, C, Conneh, F, Connell, D, Connolly, B, Connor, L, Cook, A, Cooper, B, Cooper, J, Cooper, S, Copeland, D, Cosier, T, Coulding, M, Coupland, C, Cox, E, Craig, T, Crisp, P, Cristiano, D, Crooks, M G, Cross, A, Cruz, I, Cullinan, P, Cuthbertson, D, Daines, L, Dalton, M, Daly, P, Daniels, A, Dark, P, Dasgin, J, David, A, David, C, Davies, E, Davies, F, Davies, G, Davies, G A, Davies, K, Davies, M J, Dawson, J, Daynes, E, De Soyza, A, Deakin, B, Deans, A, Deas, C, Deery, J, Defres, S, Dell, A, Dempsey, K, Denneny, E, Dennis, J, Dewar, A, Dharmagunawardena, R, Diar-Bakerly, N, Dickens, C, Dipper, A, Diver, S, Diwanji, S N, Dixon, M, Djukanovic, R, Dobson, H, Dobson, S L, Donaldson, A, Dong, T, Dormand, N, Dougherty, A, Dowling, R, Drain, S, Draxlbauer, K, Drury, K, Dulawan, P, Dunleavy, A, Dunn, S, Dupont, C, Earley, J, Easom, N, Echevarria, C, Edwards, S, Edwardson, C, El-Taweel, H, Elliott, A, Elliott, K, Ellis, Y, Elmer, A, Evans, D, Evans, H, Evans, J, Evans, R, Evans, R I, Evans, T, Evenden, C, Evison, L, Fabbri, L, Fairbairn, S, Fairman, A, Fallon, K, Faluyi, D, Favager, C, Fayzan, T, Featherstone, J, Felton, T, Finch, J, Finney, S, Finnigan, J, Finnigan, L, Fisher, H, Fletcher, S, Flockton, R, Flynn, M, Foot, H, Foote, D, Ford, A, Forton, D, Fraile, E, Francis, C, Francis, R, Francis, S, Frankel, A, Fraser, E, Free, R, French, N, Fu, X, Fuld, J, Furniss, J, Garner, L, Gautam, N, Geddes, J R, George, J, George, P M, Gibbons, M, Gill, M, Gilmour, L, Gleeson, F, Glossop, J, Glover, S, Goodman, N, Goodwin, C, Gooptu, B, Gordon, H, Gorsuch, T, Greatorex, M, Greenhaff, P L, Greenhalf, W, Greenhalgh, A, Greenwood, J, Gregory, H, Gregory, R, Grieve, D, Griffin, D, Griffiths, L, Guerdette, A-M, Guillen Guio, B, Gummadi, M, Gupta, A, Gurram, S, Guthrie, E, Guy, Z, Henson, H, Hadley, K, Haggar, A, Hainey, K, Hairsine, B, Haldar, P, Hall, I, Hall, L, Halling-Brown, M, Hamil, R, Hancock, A, Hancock, K, Haq, S, Hardwick, H E, Hardy, E, Hardy, T, Hargadon, B, Harrington, K, Harris, E, Harrison, P, Hart, N, Harvey, A, Harvey, M, Harvie, M, Haslam, L, Havinden-Williams, M, Hawkes, J, Hawkings, N, Haworth, J, Hayday, A, Haynes, M, Hazeldine, J, Hazelton, T, Heaney, L G, Heeley, C, Heeney, J L, Heightman, M, Heller, S, Henderson, M, Hesselden, L, Hewitt, M, Highett, V, Hillman, T, Hiwot, T, Ho, L-P, Hoare, A, Hoare, M, Hockridge, J, Hogarth, P, Holbourn, A, Holden, S, Holdsworth, L, Holgate, D, Holland, M, Holloway, L, Holmes, K, Holmes, M, Holroyd-Hind, B, Holt, L, Hormis, A, Hosseini, A, Hotopf, M, Howard, K, Howell, A, Hufton, E, Hughes, A D, Hughes, J, Hughes, R, Humphries, A, Huneke, N, Hurditch, E, Hurst, J, Husain, M, Hussell, T, Hutchinson, J, Ibrahim, W, Ilyas, F, Ingham, J, Ingram, L, Ionita, D, Isaacs, K, Ismail, K, Jackson, T, Jacob, J, James, W Y, Jang, W, Jarman, C, Jarrold, I, Jarvis, H, Jastrub, R, Jayaraman, B, Jenkins, R G, Jezzard, P, Jiwa, K, Johnson, C, Johnson, S, Johnston, D, Jones, D, Jones, G, Jones, H, Jones, I, Jones, L, Jones, M G, Jones, S, Jose, S, Kabir, T, Kaltsakas, G, Kamwa, V, Kanellakis, N, Kaprowska, S, Kausar, Z, Keenan, N, Kelly, S, Kemp, G, Kerr, S, Kerslake, H, Key, A L, Khan, F, Khunti, K, Kilroy, S, King, B, King, C, Kingham, L, Kirk, J, Kitterick, P, Klenerman, P, Knibbs, L, Knight, S, Knighton, A, Kon, O, Kon, S, Kon, S S, Koprowska, S, Korszun, A, Koychev, I, Kurasz, C, Kurupati, P, Laing, C, Lamlum, H, Landers, G, Langenberg, C, Lasserson, D, Lavelle-Langham, L, Lawrie, A, Lawson, C, Layton, A, Lea, A, Lee, D, Lee, J-H, Lee, E, Leitch, K, Lenagh, R, Lewis, D, Lewis, J, Lewis, V, Lewis-Burke, N, Li, X, Light, T, Lightstone, L, Lilaonitkul, W, Lim, L, Linford, S, Lingford-Hughes, A, Lipman, M, Liyanage, K, Lloyd, A, Logan, S, Lomas, D, Loosley, R, Lord, J M, Lota, H, Lovegrove, W, Lucey, A, Lukaschuk, E, Lye, A, Lynch, C, MacDonald, S, MacGowan, G, Macharia, I, Mackie, J, Macliver, L, Madathil, S, Madzamba, G, Magee, N, Magtoto, M M, Mairs, N, Majeed, N, Major, E, Malein, F, Malim, M, Mallison, G, Mandal, S, Mangion, K, Manisty, C, Manley, R, March, K, Marciniak, S, Marino, P, Mariveles, M, Marouzet, E, Marsh, S, Marshall, B, Marshall, M, Martin, J, Martineau, A, Martinez, L M, Maskell, N, Matila, D, Matimba-Mupaya, W, Matthews, L, Mbuyisa, A, McAdoo, S, McAllister-Williams, H, McArdle, A, McArdle, P, McAulay, D, McCann, G P, McCormick, J, McCormick, W, McCourt, P, McGarvey, L, McGhee, C, Mcgee, K, McGinness, J, McGlynn, K, McGovern, A, McGuinness, H, McInnes, I B, McIntosh, J, McIvor, E, McIvor, K, McLeavey, L, McMahon, A, McMahon, M J, McMorrow, L, Mcnally, T, McNarry, M, McNeill, J, McQueen, A, McShane, H, Mears, C, Megson, C, Megson, S, Mehta, P, Meiring, J, Melling, L, Mencias, M, Menzies, D, Merida Morillas, M, Michael, A, Miller, C, Milligan, L, Mills, C, Mills, G, Mills, N L, Milner, L, Misra, S, Mitchell, J, Mohamed, A, Mohamed, N, Mohammed, S, Monteiro, W, Moriera, S, Morley, A, Morrison, L, Morriss, R, Morrow, A, Moss, A J, Moss, P, Motohashi, K, Msimanga, N, Mukaetova-Ladinska, E, Munawar, U, Murira, J, Nanda, U, Nassa, H, Nasseri, M, Neal, A, Needham, R, Neill, P, Neubauer, S, Newby, D E, Newell, H, Newman, T, Newman, J, Newton-Cox, A, Nicholson, T, Nicoll, D, Nikolaidis, A, Nolan, C M, Noonan, M J, Norman, C, Novotny, P, Nunag, J, Nwafor, L, Nwanguma, U, Nyaboko, J, O'Brien, C, O'Donnell, K, O'Regan, D, O'Brien, L, Odell, N, Ogg, G, Olaosebikan, O, Oliver, C, Omar, Z, Openshaw, P J M, Orriss-Dib, L, Osborne, L, Osbourne, R, Ostermann, M, Overton, C, Owen, J, Oxton, J, Pack, J, Pacpaco, E, Paddick, S, Painter, S, Pakzad, A, Palmer, S, Papineni, P, Paques, K, Paradowski, K, Pareek, M, Parekh, D, Parfrey, H, Pariante, C, Parker, S, Parkes, M, Parmar, J, Patale, S, Patel, M, Patel, S, Pattenadk, D, Pavlides, M, Payne, S, Pearce, L, Pearl, J E, Peckham, D, Pendlebury, J, Peng, Y, Pennington, C, Peralta, I, Perkins, E, Peterkin, Z, Peto, T, Petousi, N, Petrie, J, Pfeffer, P, Phipps, J, Pimm, J, Pius, R, Plant, H, Plein, S, Plowright, M, Polgar, O, Poll, L, Porter, J, Portukhay, S, Powell, N, Prabhu, A, Pratt, J, Price, A, Price, C, Price, D, Price, L, Prickett, A, Propescu, J, Prosper, S, Pugmire, S, Quaid, S, Quigley, J, Quint, J, Qureshi, H, Qureshi, I N, Radhakrishnan, K, Rahman, N M, Ralser, M, Ramos, A, Ramos, H, Rangeley, J, Rangelov, B, Ratcliffe, L, Ravencroft, P, Reddington, A, Reddy, R, Reddy, A, Redfearn, H, Redwood, D, Reed, A, Rees, M, Rees, T, Regan, K, Reynolds, W, Ribeiro, C, Richards, A, Richardson, E, Roberts, K, Robertson, E, Robinson, E, Robinson, L, Roche, L, Roddis, C, Rodger, J, Ross, A, Ross, G, Rossdale, J, Rostron, A, Rowe, A, Rowland, A, Rowland, J, Rowland, M J, Rowland-Jones, S L, Roy, K, Roy, M, Rudan, I, Russell, R, Russell, E, Saalmink, G, Sabit, R, Sage, E K, Samakomva, T, Samani, N, Sampson, C, Samuel, K, Samuel, R, Sanderson, A, Sapey, E, Saralaya, D, Sargent, J, Sarginson, C, Sass, T, Sattar, N, Saunders, K, Saunders, P, Saunders, L C, Savill, H, Saxon, W, Sayer, A, Schronce, J, Schwaeble, W, Scott, K, Selby, N, Semple, M G, Sewell, T A, Shah, K, Shah, P, Shankar-Hari, M, Sharma, M, Sharpe, C, Sharpe, M, Shashaa, S, Shaw, A, Shaw, K, Shaw, V, Sheikh, A, Shelton, S, Shenton, L, Shevket, K, Short, J, Siddique, S, Siddiqui, S, Sidebottom, J, Sigfrid, L, Simons, G, Simpson, J, Simpson, N, Singh, C, Singh, S J, Sissons, D, Skeemer, J, Slack, K, Smith, A, Smith, D, Smith, S, Smith, J, Smith, L, Soares, M, Solano, T S, Solly, R, Solstice, A R, Soulsby, T, Southern, D, Sowter, D, Spears, M, Spencer, L G, Speranza, F, Stadon, L, Stanel, S, Steele, N, Steiner, M, Stensel, D, Stephens, G, Stephenson, L, Stern, M, Stimpson, R, Stockdale, S, Stockley, J, Stoker, W, Stone, R, Storrar, W, Storrie, A, Storton, K, Stringer, E, Strong-Sheldrake, S, Stroud, N, Subbe, C, Sudlow, C L, Suleiman, Z, Summers, C, Summersgill, C, Sutherland, D, Sykes, D L, Sykes, R, Talbot, N, Tan, A L, Tarusan, L, Tavoukjian, V, Taylor, A, Taylor, C, Taylor, J, Te, A, Tedd, H, Tee, C J, Teixeira, J, Tench, H, Terry, S, Thackray-Nocera, S, Thaivalappil, F, Thamu, B, Thickett, D, Thomas, C, Thomas, D C, Thomas, S, Thomas, A K, Thomas-Woods, T, Thompson, T, Thompson, A A R, Thornton, T, Thwaites, R S, Tilley, J, Tinker, N, Tiongson, G F, Tobin, M, Tomlinson, J, Tong, C, Toshner, M, Touyz, R, Tripp, K A, Tunnicliffe, E, Turnbull, A, Turner, E, Turner, S, Turner, V, Turner, K, Turney, S, Turtle, L, Turton, H, Ugoji, J, Ugwuoke, R, Upthegrove, R, Valabhji, J, Ventura, M, Vere, J, Vickers, C, Vinson, B, Wade, E, Wade, P, Wainwright, T, Wajero, L O, Walder, S, Walker, S, Wall, E, Wallis, T, Walmsley, S, Walsh, J A, Walsh, S, Warburton, L, Ward, T J C, Warwick, K, Wassall, H, Waterson, S, Watson, E, Watson, L, Watson, J, Weir McCall, J, Welch, C, Welch, H, Welsh, B, Wessely, S, West, S, Weston, H, Wheeler, H, White, S, Whitehead, V, Whitney, J, Whittaker, S, Whittam, B, Whitworth, V, Wight, A, Wild, J M, Wilkins, M, Wilkinson, D, Williams, B, Williams, N, Williams, J, Williams-Howard, S A, Willicombe, M, Willis, G, Willoughby, J, Wilson, A, Wilson, D, Wilson, I, Window, N, Witham, M, Wolf-Roberts, R, Wood, C, Woodhead, F, Woods, J, Wormleighton, J, Worsley, J, Wraith, D, Wrey Brown, C, Wright, C, Wright, L, Wright, S, Wyles, J, Wynter, I, Xu, M, Yasmin, N, Yasmin, S, Yip, K P, Young, B, Young, S, Young, A, Yousuf, A J, Zawia, A, Zeidan, L, Zhao, B, Zheng, B, and Zongo, O

Abstract

Sleep disturbance is common following hospital admission both for COVID-19 and other causes. The clinical associations of this for recovery after hospital admission are poorly understood despite sleep disturbance contributing to morbidity in other scenarios. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and nature of sleep disturbance after discharge following hospital admission for COVID-19 and to assess whether this was associated with dyspnoea.

Published
2023
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22. Renewed hate: the place of Jews and Muslims in contemporary white power thought

Author

King, C. Richard

Subjects
Ethnic identity -- Political aspects, Muslims -- Portrayals -- Political aspects, Islamophobia -- Political aspects, Jews -- Portrayals -- Political aspects, White supremacy movements -- Social aspects, Antisemitism -- Political aspects, Education, Philosophy and religion
Abstract

Several years ago, while walking with my daughter to her dance class, we were accosted by a stranger on the street, who berated me for being a Jewish professor. The [...]

Published
2015

23. Size-dependent diffusion of supported metal nanoclusters: mean-field-type treatments and beyond for faceted clustersElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d3nh00140g

Author

Lai, King C., Campbell, Charles T., and Evans, James W.

Abstract

Nanostructured systems are intrinsically metastable and subject to coarsening. For supported 3D metal nanoclusters (NCs), coarsening can involve NC diffusion across the support and subsequent coalescence (as an alternative to Ostwald ripening). When used as catalysts, this leads to deactivation. The dependence of diffusivity, DN, on NC size, N(in atoms), controls coarsening kinetics. Traditional mean-field (MF) theory for DNversus Nassumes that NC diffusion is mediated by independent random hopping of surface adatoms with low coordination, and predicts that DN∼ hN−4/3neq. Here, h= ν exp[−Ed/(kBT)] denotes the hop rate, and neq= exp[−Eform/(kBT)] the density of those adatoms. The adatom formation energy, Eform, approaches a finite large-Nlimit, as does the effective barrier, Eeff= Ed+ Eform, for NC diffusion. This MF theory is critically assessed for a realistic stochastic atomistic model for diffusion of faceted fcc metal NCs with a {100} facet epitaxially attached to a (100) support surface. First, the MF formulation is refined to account for distinct densities and hop rates for surface adatoms on different facets and along the base contact line, and to incorporate the exact values of Eformand neqversus Nfor our model. MF theory then captures the occurrence of local minima in DNversus Nat closed-shell sizes, as shown by KMC simulation. However, the MF treatment also displays fundamental shortcomings due to the feature that diffusion of faceted NCs is actually dominated by a cooperative multi-step process involving disassembling and reforming of outer layers on side facets. This mechanism leads to an Eeffwhich is well above MF values, and which increases with N, features captured by a beyond-MF treatment.

Published
2023
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24. In-flight performance of SPIDER's 280 GHz receivers

Author

Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Gao, Jian-Rong, Shaw, E. C., Ade, P. A. R., Akers, S., Amiri, M., Austermann, J., Beall, J., Becker, D. T., Benton, S. J., Bergman, A. S., Bock, J. J., Bond, J. R., Bryan, S. A., Chiang, H. C., Contaldi, C. R., Domagalski, R. S., Doré, O., Duff, S. M., Duivenvoorden, A. J., Ericksen, H. K., Farhang, M., Filippini, J. P., Fissel, L. M., Fraisse, A. A., Freese, K., Galloway, M., Gambrel, A. E., Gandilo, N. N., Ganga, K., Gibbs, S. M., Gourapura, S., Grigorian, A., Gualtieri, R., Gudmundsson, J. E., Halpern, M., Hartley, J., Hasselfield, M., Hilton, G., Holmes, W., Hristov, V. V., Huang, Z., Hubmayr, J., Irwin, K. D., Jones, W. C., Kahn, A., Kermish, Z. D., King, C., Kuo, C. L., Lennox, A. R., Leung, J. S.-Y., Li, S., Luu, T. V., Mason, P. V., May, J., Megerian, K., Moncelsi, L., Morford, T. A., Nagy, J. M., Nie, R., Netterfield, C. B., Nolta, M., Osherson, B., Padilla, I. L., Rahlin, A. S., Redmond, S., Reintsema, C., Romualdez, L. J., Ruhl, J. E., Runyan, M. C., Shariff, J. A., Shiu, C., Soler, J. D., Song, X., Tartakovsky, S., Thommesen, H., Trangsrud, A., Tucker, C., Tucker, R. S., Turner, A. D., Ullom, J., van der List, J. F., Van Lanen, J., Vissers, M. R., Weber, A. C., Wen, S., Wehus, I. K., Wiebe, D. V., and Young, E. Y.

Published
2024
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25. Conceptual design of the modular detector and readout system for the CMB-S4 survey experiment

Author

Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Gao, Jian-Rong, Barron, D. R., Ahmed, Z., Aguilar, J., Anderson, A. J., Baker, C. F., Barry, P. S., Beall, J. A., Bender, A. N., Benson, B. A., Besuner, R. W., Cecil, T. W., Chang, C. L., Chapman, S. C., Chesmore, G. E., Derylo, G., Doriese, W. B., Duff, S. M., Elleflot, T., Filippini, J. P., Flaugher, B., Gomez, J. G., Grimes, P. K., Gualtieri, R., Gullett, I., Haller, G., Henderson, S. W., Henke, D., Herbst, R., Huber, A. I., Hubmayr, J., Jonas, M., Joseph, J., King, C. L., Kovac, J. M., Kubik, D., Lisovenko, M., McMahon, J. J., Moncelsi, L., Nagy, J. M., Osherson, B., Reese, B., Ruhl, J. E., Sapozhnikov, L., Schillaci, A., Simon, S. M., Suzuki, A., Wang, G., Westbrook, B., Yefremenko, V., and Zhang, J.

Published
2022
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26. Clinical characteristics with inflammation profiling of long COVID and association with 1-year recovery following hospitalisation in the UK: a prospective observational study

Author

Evans, R A, Leavy, O C, Richardson, M, Elneima, O, McAuley, H J C, Shikotra, A, Singapuri, A, Sereno, M, Saunders, R M, Harris, V C, Houchen-Wolloff, L, Aul, R, Beirne, P, Bolton, C E, Brown, J S, Choudhury, G, Diar-Bakerly, N, Easom, N, Echevarria, C, Fuld, J, Hart, N, Hurst, J, Jones, M G, Parekh, D, Pfeffer, P, Rahman, N M, Rowland-Jones, S L, Shah, A M, Wootton, D G, Chalder, T, Davies, M J, De Soyza, A, Geddes, J R, Greenhalf, W, Greening, N J, Heaney, L G, Heller, S, Howard, L S, Jacob, J, Jenkins, R G, Lord, J M, Man, W D-C, McCann, G P, Neubauer, S, Openshaw, P J M, Porter, J C, Rowland, M J, Scott, J T, Semple, M G, Singh, S J, Thomas, D C, Toshner, M, Lewis, K E, Thwaites, R S, Briggs, A, Docherty, A B, Kerr, S, Lone, N I, Quint, J, Sheikh, A, Thorpe, M, Zheng, B, Chalmers, J D, Ho, L P, Horsley, A, Marks, M, Poinasamy, K, Raman, B, Harrison, E M, Wain, L V, Brightling, C E, Abel, K, Adamali, H, Adeloye, D, Adeyemi, O, Adrego, R, Aguilar Jimenez, L A, Ahmad, S, Ahmad Haider, N, Ahmed, R, Ahwireng, N, Ainsworth, M, Al-Sheklly, B, Alamoudi, A, Ali, M, Aljaroof, M, All, AM, Allan, L, Allen, R J, Allerton, L, Allsop, L, Almeida, P, Altmann, D, Alvarez Corral, M, Amoils, S, Anderson, D, Antoniades, C, Arbane, G, Arias, A, Armour, C, Armstrong, L, Armstrong, N, Arnold, D, Arnold, H, Ashish, A, Ashworth, A, Ashworth, M, Aslani, S, Assefa-Kebede, H, Atkin, C, Atkin, P, Aung, H, Austin, L, Avram, C, Ayoub, A, Babores, M, Baggott, R, Bagshaw, J, Baguley, D, Bailey, L, Baillie, J K, Bain, S, Bakali, M, Bakau, M, Baldry, E, Baldwin, D, Ballard, C, Banerjee, A, Bang, B, Barker, R E, Barman, L, Barratt, S, Barrett, F, Basire, D, Basu, N, Bates, M, Bates, A, Batterham, R, Baxendale, H, Bayes, H, Beadsworth, M, Beckett, P, Beggs, M, Begum, M, Bell, D, Bell, R, Bennett, K, Beranova, E, Bermperi, A, Berridge, A, Berry, C, Betts, S, Bevan, E, Bhui, K, Bingham, M, Birchall, K, Bishop, L, Bisnauthsing, K, Blaikely, J, Bloss, A, Bolger, A, Bonnington, J, Botkai, A, Bourne, C, Bourne, M, Bramham, K, Brear, L, Breen, G, Breeze, J, Bright, E, Brill, S, Brindle, K, Broad, L, Broadley, A, Brookes, C, Broome, M, Brown, A, Brown, A, Brown, J, Brown, J, Brown, M, Brown, M, Brown, V, Brugha, T, Brunskill, N, Buch, M, Buckley, P, Bularga, A, Bullmore, E, Burden, L, Burdett, T, Burn, D, Burns, G, Burns, A, Busby, J, Butcher, R, Butt, A, Byrne, S, Cairns, P, Calder, P C, Calvelo, E, Carborn, H, Card, B, Carr, C, Carr, L, Carson, G, Carter, P, Casey, A, Cassar, M, Cavanagh, J, Chablani, M, Chambers, R C, Chan, F, Channon, K M, Chapman, K, Charalambou, A, Chaudhuri, N, Checkley, A, Chen, J, Cheng, Y, Chetham, L, Childs, C, Chilvers, E R, Chinoy, H, Chiribiri, A, Chong-James, K, Choudhury, N, Chowienczyk, P, Christie, C, Chrystal, M, Clark, D, Clark, C, Clarke, J, Clohisey, S, Coakley, G, Coburn, Z, Coetzee, S, Cole, J, Coleman, C, Conneh, F, Connell, D, Connolly, B, Connor, L, Cook, A, Cooper, B, Cooper, J, Cooper, S, Copeland, D, Cosier, T, Coulding, M, Coupland, C, Cox, E, Craig, T, Crisp, P, Cristiano, D, Crooks, M G, Cross, A, Cruz, I, Cullinan, P, Cuthbertson, D, Daines, L, Dalton, M, Daly, P, Daniels, A, Dark, P, Dasgin, J, David, A, David, C, Davies, E, Davies, F, Davies, G, Davies, G A, Davies, K, Dawson, J, Daynes, E, Deakin, B, Deans, A, Deas, C, Deery, J, Defres, S, Dell, A, Dempsey, K, Denneny, E, Dennis, J, Dewar, A, Dharmagunawardena, R, Dickens, C, Dipper, A, Diver, S, Diwanji, S N, Dixon, M, Djukanovic, R, Dobson, H, Dobson, S L, Donaldson, A, Dong, T, Dormand, N, Dougherty, A, Dowling, R, Drain, S, Draxlbauer, K, Drury, K, Dulawan, P, Dunleavy, A, Dunn, S, Earley, J, Edwards, S, Edwardson, C, El-Taweel, H, Elliott, A, Elliott, K, Ellis, Y, Elmer, A, Evans, D, Evans, H, Evans, J, Evans, R, Evans, R I, Evans, T, Evenden, C, Evison, L, Fabbri, L, Fairbairn, S, Fairman, A, Fallon, K, Faluyi, D, Favager, C, Fayzan, T, Featherstone, J, Felton, T, Finch, J, Finney, S, Finnigan, J, Finnigan, L, Fisher, H, Fletcher, S, Flockton, R, Flynn, M, Foot, H, Foote, D, Ford, A, Forton, D, Fraile, E, Francis, C, Francis, R, Francis, S, Frankel, A, Fraser, E, Free, R, French, N, Fu, X, Furniss, J, Garner, L, Gautam, N, George, J, George, P, Gibbons, M, Gill, M, Gilmour, L, Gleeson, F, Glossop, J, Glover, S, Goodman, N, Goodwin, C, Gooptu, B, Gordon, H, Gorsuch, T, Greatorex, M, Greenhaff, P L, Greenhalgh, A, Greenwood, J, Gregory, H, Gregory, R, Grieve, D, Griffin, D, Griffiths, L, Guerdette, A-M, Guillen Guio, B, Gummadi, M, Gupta, A, Gurram, S, Guthrie, E, Guy, Z, H Henson, H, Hadley, K, Haggar, A, Hainey, K, Hairsine, B, Haldar, P, Hall, I, Hall, L, Halling-Brown, M, Hamil, R, Hancock, A, Hancock, K, Hanley, N A, Haq, S, Hardwick, H E, Hardy, E, Hardy, T, Hargadon, B, Harrington, K, Harris, E, Harrison, P, Harvey, A, Harvey, M, Harvie, M, Haslam, L, Havinden-Williams, M, Hawkes, J, Hawkings, N, Haworth, J, Hayday, A, Haynes, M, Hazeldine, J, Hazelton, T, Heeley, C, Heeney, J L, Heightman, M, Henderson, M, Hesselden, L, Hewitt, M, Highett, V, Hillman, T, Hiwot, T, Hoare, A, Hoare, M, Hockridge, J, Hogarth, P, Holbourn, A, Holden, S, Holdsworth, L, Holgate, D, Holland, M, Holloway, L, Holmes, K, Holmes, M, Holroyd-Hind, B, Holt, L, Hormis, A, Hosseini, A, Hotopf, M, Howard, K, Howell, A, Hufton, E, Hughes, A D, Hughes, J, Hughes, R, Humphries, A, Huneke, N, Hurditch, E, Husain, M, Hussell, T, Hutchinson, J, Ibrahim, W, Ilyas, F, Ingham, J, Ingram, L, Ionita, D, Isaacs, K, Ismail, K, Jackson, T, James, W Y, Jarman, C, Jarrold, I, Jarvis, H, Jastrub, R, Jayaraman, B, Jezzard, P, Jiwa, K, Johnson, C, Johnson, S, Johnston, D, Jolley, C J, Jones, D, Jones, G, Jones, H, Jones, H, Jones, I, Jones, L, Jones, S, Jose, S, Kabir, T, Kaltsakas, G, Kamwa, V, Kanellakis, N, Kaprowska, s, Kausar, Z, Keenan, N, Kelly, S, Kemp, G, Kerslake, H, Key, A L, Khan, F, Khunti, K, Kilroy, S, King, B, King, C, Kingham, L, Kirk, J, Kitterick, P, Klenerman, P, Knibbs, L, Knight, S, Knighton, A, Kon, O, Kon, S, Kon, S S, Koprowska, S, Korszun, A, Koychev, I, Kurasz, C, Kurupati, P, Laing, C, Lamlum, H, Landers, G, Langenberg, C, Lasserson, D, Lavelle-Langham, L, Lawrie, A, Lawson, C, Lawson, C, Layton, A, Lea, A, Lee, D, Lee, J-H, Lee, E, Leitch, K, Lenagh, R, Lewis, D, Lewis, J, Lewis, V, Lewis-Burke, N, Li, X, Light, T, Lightstone, L, Lilaonitkul, W, Lim, L, Linford, S, Lingford-Hughes, A, Lipman, M, Liyanage, K, Lloyd, A, Logan, S, Lomas, D, Loosley, R, Lota, H, Lovegrove, W, Lucey, A, Lukaschuk, E, Lye, A, Lynch, C, MacDonald, S, MacGowan, G, Macharia, I, Mackie, J, Macliver, L, Madathil, S, Madzamba, G, Magee, N, Magtoto, M M, Mairs, N, Majeed, N, Major, E, Malein, F, Malim, M, Mallison, G, Mandal, S, Mangion, K, Manisty, C, Manley, R, March, K, Marciniak, S, Marino, P, Mariveles, M, Marouzet, E, Marsh, S, Marshall, B, Marshall, M, Martin, J, Martineau, A, Martinez, L M, Maskell, N, Matila, D, Matimba-Mupaya, W, Matthews, L, Mbuyisa, A, McAdoo, S, Weir McCall, J, McAllister-Williams, H, McArdle, A, McArdle, P, McAulay, D, McCormick, J, McCormick, W, McCourt, P, McGarvey, L, McGee, C, Mcgee, K, McGinness, J, McGlynn, K, McGovern, A, McGuinness, H, McInnes, I B, McIntosh, J, McIvor, E, McIvor, K, McLeavey, L, McMahon, A, McMahon, M J, McMorrow, L, Mcnally, T, McNarry, M, McNeill, J, McQueen, A, McShane, H, Mears, C, Megson, C, Megson, S, Mehta, P, Meiring, J, Melling, L, Mencias, M, Menzies, D, Merida Morillas, M, Michael, A, Milligan, L, Miller, C, Mills, C, Mills, N L, Milner, L, Misra, S, Mitchell, J, Mohamed, A, Mohamed, N, Mohammed, S, Molyneaux, P L, Monteiro, W, Moriera, S, Morley, A, Morrison, L, Morriss, R, Morrow, A, Moss, A J, Moss, P, Motohashi, K, Msimanga, N, Mukaetova-Ladinska, E, Munawar, U, Murira, J, Nanda, U, Nassa, H, Nasseri, M, Neal, A, Needham, R, Neill, P, Newell, H, Newman, T, Newton-Cox, A, Nicholson, T, Nicoll, D, Nolan, C M, Noonan, M J, Norman, C, Novotny, P, Nunag, J, Nwafor, L, Nwanguma, U, Nyaboko, J, O'Donnell, K, O'Brien, C, O'Brien, L, O'Regan, D, Odell, N, Ogg, G, Olaosebikan, O, Oliver, C, Omar, Z, Orriss-Dib, L, Osborne, L, Osbourne, R, Ostermann, M, Overton, C, Owen, J, Oxton, J, Pack, J, Pacpaco, E, Paddick, S, Painter, S, Pakzad, A, Palmer, S, Papineni, P, Paques, K, Paradowski, K, Pareek, M, Parfrey, H, Pariante, C, Parker, S, Parkes, M, Parmar, J, Patale, S, Patel, B, Patel, M, Patel, S, Pattenadk, D, Pavlides, M, Payne, S, Pearce, L, Pearl, J E, Peckham, D, Pendlebury, J, Peng, Y, Pennington, C, Peralta, I, Perkins, E, Peterkin, Z, Peto, T, Petousi, N, Petrie, J, Phipps, J, Pimm, J, Piper Hanley, K, Pius, R, Plant, H, Plein, S, Plekhanova, T, Plowright, M, Polgar, O, Poll, L, Porter, J, Portukhay, S, Powell, N, Prabhu, A, Pratt, J, Price, A, Price, C, Price, C, Price, D, Price, L, Price, L, Prickett, A, Propescu, J, Pugmire, S, Quaid, S, Quigley, J, Qureshi, H, Qureshi, I N, Radhakrishnan, K, Ralser, M, Ramos, A, Ramos, H, Rangeley, J, Rangelov, B, Ratcliffe, L, Ravencroft, P, Reddington, A, Reddy, R, Redfearn, H, Redwood, D, Reed, A, Rees, M, Rees, T, Regan, K, Reynolds, W, Ribeiro, C, Richards, A, Richardson, E, Rivera-Ortega, P, Roberts, K, Robertson, E, Robinson, E, Robinson, L, Roche, L, Roddis, C, Rodger, J, Ross, A, Ross, G, Rossdale, J, Rostron, A, Rowe, A, Rowland, A, Rowland, J, Roy, K, Roy, M, Rudan, I, Russell, R, Russell, E, Saalmink, G, Sabit, R, Sage, E K, Samakomva, T, Samani, N, Sampson, C, Samuel, K, Samuel, R, Sanderson, A, Sapey, E, Saralaya, D, Sargant, J, Sarginson, C, Sass, T, Sattar, N, Saunders, K, Saunders, P, Saunders, L C, Savill, H, Saxon, W, Sayer, A, Schronce, J, Schwaeble, W, Scott, K, Selby, N, Sewell, T A, Shah, K, Shah, P, Shankar-Hari, M, Sharma, M, Sharpe, C, Sharpe, M, Shashaa, S, Shaw, A, Shaw, K, Shaw, V, Shelton, S, Shenton, L, Shevket, K, Short, J, Siddique, S, Siddiqui, S, Sidebottom, J, Sigfrid, L, Simons, G, Simpson, J, Simpson, N, Singh, C, Singh, S, Sissons, D, Skeemer, J, Slack, K, Smith, A, Smith, D, Smith, S, Smith, J, Smith, L, Soares, M, Solano, T S, Solly, R, Solstice, AR, Soulsby, T, Southern, D, Sowter, D, Spears, M, Spencer, L G, Speranza, F, Stadon, L, Stanel, S, Steele, N, Steiner, M, Stensel, D, Stephens, G, Stephenson, L, Stern, M, Stewart, I, Stimpson, R, Stockdale, S, Stockley, J, Stoker, W, Stone, R, Storrar, W, Storrie, A, Storton, K, Stringer, E, Strong-Sheldrake, S, Stroud, N, Subbe, C, Sudlow, C L, Suleiman, Z, Summers, C, Summersgill, C, Sutherland, D, Sykes, D L, Sykes, R, Talbot, N, Tan, A L, Tarusan, L, Tavoukjian, V, Taylor, A, Taylor, C, Taylor, J, Te, A, Tedd, H, Tee, CJ, Teixeira, J, Tench, H, Terry, S, Thackray-Nocera, S, Thaivalappil, F, Thamu, B, Thickett, D, Thomas, C, Thomas, S, Thomas, A K, Thomas-Woods, T, Thompson, T, Thompson, A A R, Thornton, T, Tilley, J, Tinker, N, Tiongson, G F, Tobin, M, Tomlinson, J, Tong, C, Touyz, R, Tripp, K A, Tunnicliffe, E, Turnbull, A, Turner, E, Turner, S, Turner, V, Turner, K, Turney, S, Turtle, L, Turton, H, Ugoji, J, Ugwuoke, R, Upthegrove, R, Valabhji, J, Ventura, M, Vere, J, Vickers, C, Vinson, B, Wade, E, Wade, P, Wainwright, T, Wajero, L O, Walder, S, Walker, S, Walker, S, Wall, E, Wallis, T, Walmsley, S, Walsh, J A, Walsh, S, Warburton, L, Ward, T J C, Warwick, K, Wassall, H, Waterson, S, Watson, E, Watson, L, Watson, J, Welch, C, Welch, H, Welsh, B, Wessely, S, West, S, Weston, H, Wheeler, H, White, S, Whitehead, V, Whitney, J, Whittaker, S, Whittam, B, Whitworth, V, Wight, A, Wild, J, Wilkins, M, Wilkinson, D, Williams, N, Williams, N, Williams, J, Williams-Howard, S A, Willicombe, M, Willis, G, Willoughby, J, Wilson, A, Wilson, D, Wilson, I, Window, N, Witham, M, Wolf-Roberts, R, Wood, C, Woodhead, F, Woods, J, Wormleighton, J, Worsley, J, Wraith, D, Wrey Brown, C, Wright, C, Wright, L, Wright, S, Wyles, J, Wynter, I, Xu, M, Yasmin, N, Yasmin, S, Yates, T, Yip, K P, Young, B, Young, S, Young, A, Yousuf, A J, Zawia, A, Zeidan, L, Zhao, B, and Zongo, O

Abstract

No effective pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions exist for patients with long COVID. We aimed to describe recovery 1 year after hospital discharge for COVID-19, identify factors associated with patient-perceived recovery, and identify potential therapeutic targets by describing the underlying inflammatory profiles of the previously described recovery clusters at 5 months after hospital discharge.

Published
2022
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29. The rise of the ghetto-fabulous party: across campuses, white students are donning blackface, drinking 40s and playing at being undocumented immigrants. Just another stupid racist joke--or is it the culmination of two decades of conservative politics at colleges?

Author

King, C. Richard and Leonard, David J.

Subjects
White youth -- Political aspects, White youth -- Educational aspects, White youth -- Social aspects, Universities and colleges -- United States, Universities and colleges -- Social aspects, Universities and colleges -- Political aspects, Conservatism -- Statistics, Minstrel shows -- Political aspects, Dance parties -- Political aspects, Privatization -- Educational aspects
Abstract

IN JANUARY, STUDENTS at Clemson University in South Carolina and a number of other institutions of higher learning opted to mark Martin Luther King Jr. Day with what were called […]

Published
2007

30. Phase 1 safety and immunogenicity evaluation of a multiclade HIV-1 candidate vaccine delivered by a replication-defective recombinant adenovirus vector

Author

Catanzaro, Andrew T., Koup, Richard A., Roederer, Mario, Bailer, Robert T., Enama, Mary E., Moodie, Zoe, Gu, Lin, Martin, Julie E., Novik, Laura, Chakrabarti, Bimal K., Butman, Bryan T., Gall, Jason G.D., King, C. Richter, Andrews, Charla A., Sheets, Rebecca, Gomez, Phillip L., Mascola, John R., Nabel, Gary J., and Graham, Barney S.

Subjects
AIDS vaccines -- Dosage and administration, AIDS vaccines -- Research, Adenoviruses, Human -- Research, Health
Published
2006

31. Increased osmolality of breast milk with therapeutic additives

Author

Srinivasan, L., Bokiniec, R., King, C., Weaver, G., and Edwards, A.D.

Subjects
Breast milk -- Chemical properties, Food additives -- Influence, Enriched foods -- Influence, Infants (Premature) -- Food and nutrition, Family and marriage, Health, Women's issues/gender studies
Published
2004

32. Preclinical development of a stabilized RH5 virus-like particle vaccine that induces improved antimalarial antibodies

Author

King, Lloyd D.W., Pulido, David, Barrett, Jordan R., Davies, Hannah, Quinkert, Doris, Lias, Amelia M., Silk, Sarah E., Pattinson, David J., Diouf, Ababacar, Williams, Barnabas G., McHugh, Kirsty, Rodrigues, Ana, Rigby, Cassandra A., Strazza, Veronica, Suurbaar, Jonathan, Rees-Spear, Chloe, Dabbs, Rebecca A., Ishizuka, Andrew S., Zhou, Yu, Gupta, Gaurav, Jin, Jing, Li, Yuanyuan, Carnrot, Cecilia, Minassian, Angela M., Campeotto, Ivan, Fleishman, Sarel J., Noe, Amy R., MacGill, Randall S., King, C. Richter, Birkett, Ashley J., Soisson, Lorraine A., Long, Carole A., Miura, Kazutoyo, Ashfield, Rebecca, Skinner, Katherine, Howarth, Mark R., Biswas, Sumi, and Draper, Simon J.

Abstract

Plasmodium falciparumreticulocyte-binding protein homolog 5 (RH5) is a leading blood-stage malaria vaccine antigen target, currently in a phase 2b clinical trial as a full-length soluble protein/adjuvant vaccine candidate called RH5.1/Matrix-M. We identify that disordered regions of the full-length RH5 molecule induce non-growth inhibitory antibodies in human vaccinees and that a re-engineered and stabilized immunogen (including just the alpha-helical core of RH5) induces a qualitatively superior growth inhibitory antibody response in rats vaccinated with this protein formulated in Matrix-M adjuvant. In parallel, bioconjugation of this immunogen, termed “RH5.2,” to hepatitis B surface antigen virus-like particles (VLPs) using the “plug-and-display” SpyTag-SpyCatcher platform technology also enables superior quantitative antibody immunogenicity over soluble protein/adjuvant in vaccinated mice and rats. These studies identify a blood-stage malaria vaccine candidate that may improve upon the current leading soluble protein vaccine candidate RH5.1/Matrix-M. The RH5.2-VLP/Matrix-M vaccine candidate is now under evaluation in phase 1a/b clinical trials.

Published
2024
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33. Noninvasive and Spatiotemporal Control of DNAzyme-Based Imaging of Metal Ions In VivoUsing High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound

Author

Wang, Xiaojing, Kim, Gun, Chu, James L., Song, Tingjie, Yang, Zhenglin, Guo, Weijie, Shao, Xiangli, Oelze, Michael L., Li, King C., and Lu, Yi

Abstract

Detecting metal ions invivowith a high spatiotemporal resolution is critical to understanding the roles of the metal ions in both healthy and disease states. Although spatiotemporal controls of metal-ion sensors using light have been demonstrated, the lack of penetration depth in tissue and in vivohas limited their application. To overcome this limitation, we herein report the use of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) to remotely deliver on-demand, spatiotemporally resolved thermal energy to activate the DNAzyme sensors at the targeted region both in vitroand in vivo. A Zn2+-selective DNAzyme probe is inactivated by a protector strand to block the formation of catalytic enzyme structure, which can then be activated by an HIFU-induced increase in the local temperature. With this design, Zn2+-specific fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET) imaging has been demonstrated by the new DNAzyme-HIFU probes in both HeLa cells and mice. The current method can be applied to monitor many other metal ions for in vivoimaging and medical diagnosis using metal-specific DNAzymes that have either been obtained or can be selected using in vitroselection.

Published
2022
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34. A PKA inhibitor motif within SMOOTHENED controls Hedgehog signal transduction

Author

Happ, John T., Arveseth, Corvin D., Bruystens, Jessica, Bertinetti, Daniela, Nelson, Isaac B., Olivieri, Cristina, Zhang, Jingyi, Hedeen, Danielle S., Zhu, Ju-Fen, Capener, Jacob L., Bröckel, Jan W., Vu, Lily, King, C. C., Ruiz-Perez, Victor L., Ge, Xuecai, Veglia, Gianluigi, Herberg, Friedrich W., Taylor, Susan S., and Myers, Benjamin R.

Abstract

The Hedgehog (Hh) cascade is central to development, tissue homeostasis and cancer. A pivotal step in Hh signal transduction is the activation of glioma-associated (GLI) transcription factors by the atypical G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) SMOOTHENED (SMO). How SMO activates GLI remains unclear. Here we show that SMO uses a decoy substrate sequence to physically block the active site of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) catalytic subunit (PKA-C) and extinguish its enzymatic activity. As a result, GLI is released from phosphorylation-induced inhibition. Using a combination of in vitro, cellular and organismal models, we demonstrate that interfering with SMO-PKA pseudosubstrate interactions prevents Hh signal transduction. The mechanism uncovered echoes one used by the Wnt cascade, revealing an unexpected similarity in how these two essential developmental and cancer pathways signal intracellularly. More broadly, our findings define a mode of GPCR-PKA communication that may be harnessed by a range of membrane receptors and kinases.

Published
2022
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35. Shape Stability of Truncated Octahedral fcc Metal Nanocrystals

Author

Lai, King C., Chen, Minda, Yu, Jiaqi, Han, Yong, Huang, Wenyu, and Evans, James W.

Abstract

Metallic nanocrystals (NCs) can be synthesized with tailored nonequilibrium shapes to enhance desired properties, e.g., octahedral fcc metal NCs optimize catalytic activity associated with {111} facets. However, maintenance of optimized properties requires stability against thermal reshaping. Thus, we analyze the reshaping of truncated fcc metal octahedra mediated by surface diffusion using a stochastic atomistic-level model with energetic input parameters for Pd. The model describes NC thermodynamics by an effective nearest-neighbor interaction and includes a realistic treatment of diffusive hopping for undercoordinated surface atoms. Kinetic Monte Carlo simulation reveals that the effective barrier, Eeff, for the initial stage of reshaping is strongly tied to the degree of truncation of the vertices in the synthesized initial octahedral shapes. This feature is elucidated via exact analytic determination of the energy variation along the optimal reshaping pathway at low-temperature (T), which involves transfer of atoms from truncated {100} vertex facets to form new layers on {111} side facets. Deviations from predictions of the low-Tanalysis due to entropic effects are more prominent for higher Tand larger NC sizes.

Published
2021
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36. Physical, cognitive, and mental health impacts of COVID-19 after hospitalisation (PHOSP-COVID): a UK multicentre, prospective cohort study

Author

Evans, Rachael A, McAuley, Hamish J C, Harrison, Ewen M, Shikotra, Aarti, Singapuri, Amisha, Sereno, Marco, Elneima, Omer, Docherty, Annemarie B, Lone, Nazir I, Leavy, Olivia C, Daines, Luke, Baillie, J Kenneth, Brown, Jeremy S, Chalder, Trudie, De Soyza, Anthony, Diar Bakerly, Nawar, Easom, Nicholas, Geddes, John R, Greening, Neil J, Hart, Nick, Heaney, Liam G, Heller, Simon, Howard, Luke, Hurst, John R, Jacob, Joseph, Jenkins, R Gisli, Jolley, Caroline, Kerr, Steven, Kon, Onn M, Lewis, Keir, Lord, Janet M, McCann, Gerry P, Neubauer, Stefan, Openshaw, Peter J M, Parekh, Dhruv, Pfeffer, Paul, Rahman, Najib M, Raman, Betty, Richardson, Matthew, Rowland, Matthew, Semple, Malcolm G, Shah, Ajay M, Singh, Sally J, Sheikh, Aziz, Thomas, David, Toshner, Mark, Chalmers, James D, Ho, Ling-Pei, Horsley, Alex, Marks, Michael, Poinasamy, Krisnah, Wain, Louise V, Brightling, Christopher E, Abel, K, Adamali, H, Adeloye, D, Adeyemi, O, Adeyemi, F, Ahmad, S, Ahmed, R, Ainsworth, M, Al-Sheklly, B, Alamoudi, A, Aljaroof, M, Allan, L, Allen, R, Alli, A, Altmann, D, Anderson, D, Andrews, M, Angyal, A, Antoniades, C, Arbane, G, Armour, C, Armstrong, N, Armstrong, L, Arnold, H, Arnold, D, Ashworth, M, Ashworth, A, Assefa-Kebede, H, Atkin, P, Atkins, H, Atkins, A, Aul, R, Avram, C, Baggott, R, Baguley, D, Baillie, J K, Bain, S, Bakali, M, Bakau, M, Baldry, E, Baldwin, D, Ballard, C, Bambrough, J, Barker, R E, Barratt, S, Barrett, F, Basire, D, Basu, N, Batterham, R, Baxendale, H, Bayes, H, Bayley, M, Beadsworth, M, Beirne, P, Bell, R, Bell, D, Berry, C, Betts, S, Bhui, K, Bishop, L, Blaikely, J, Bloomfield, C, Bloss, A, Bolger, A, Bolton, C E, Bonnington, J, Botkai, A, Bourne, M, Bourne, C, Bradley, E, Bramham, K, Brear, L, Breen, G, Breeze, J, Briggs, A, Bright, E, Brightling, C E, Brill, S, Brindle, K, Broad, L, Broome, M, Brown, J S, Brown, M, Brown, J, Brown, J, Brown, R, Brown, V, Brown, A, Brown, M, Brown, A, Brugha, T, Brunskill, N, Buch, M, Bularga, A, Bullmore, E, Burn, D, Burns, G, Busby, J, Buttress, A, Byrne, S, Cairns, P, Calder, P C, Calvelo, E, Card, B, Carr, L, Carson, G, Carter, P, Cavanagh, J, Chalder, T, Chalmers, J D, Chambers, R C, Channon, K, Chapman, K, Charalambou, A, Chaudhuri, N, Checkley, A, Chen, J, Chetham, L, Chilvers, E R, Chinoy, H, Chong-James, K, Choudhury, N, Choudhury, G, Chowdhury, P, Chowienczyk, P, Christie, C, Clark, D, Clark, C, Clarke, J, Clift, P, Clohisey, S, Coburn, Z, Cole, J, Coleman, C, Connell, D, Connolly, B, Connor, L, Cook, A, Cooper, B, Coupland, C, Craig, T, Crisp, P, Cristiano, D, Crooks, M G, Cross, A, Cruz, I, Cullinan, P, Daines, L, Dalton, M, Dark, P, Dasgin, J, David, A, David, C, Davies, M, Davies, G, Davies, K, Davies, F, Davies, G A, Daynes, E, De Silva, T, De Soyza, A, Deakin, B, Deans, A, Defres, S, Dell, A, Dempsey, K, Dennis, J, Dewar, A, Dharmagunawardena, R, Diar Bakerly, N, Dipper, A, Diver, S, Diwanji, S N, Dixon, M, Djukanovic, R, Dobson, H, Dobson, C, Dobson, S L, Docherty, A B, Donaldson, A, Dong, T, Dormand, N, Dougherty, A, Dowling, R, Drain, S, Dulawan, P, Dunleavy, A, Dunn, S, Dunn, S, Easom, N, Echevarria, C, Edwards, S, Edwardson, C, Elliott, B, Elliott, A, Ellis, Y, Elmer, A, Elneima, O, Evans, R A, Evans, J, Evans, H, Evans, D, Evans, R I, Evans, R, Evans, T, Fabbri, L, Fairbairn, S, Fairman, A, Fallon, K, Faluyi, D, Favager, C, Felton, T, Finch, J, Finney, S, Fisher, H, Fletcher, S, Flockton, R, Foote, D, Ford, A, Forton, D, Francis, R, Francis, S, Francis, C, Frankel, A, Fraser, E, Free, R, French, N, Fuld, J, Furniss, J, Garner, L, Gautam, N, Geddes, J R, George, P M, George, J, Gibbons, M, Gilmour, L, Gleeson, F, Glossop, J, Glover, S, Goodman, N, Gooptu, B, Gorsuch, T, Gourlay, E, Greenhaff, P, Greenhalf, W, Greenhalgh, A, Greening, N J, Greenwood, J, Greenwood, S, Gregory, R, Grieve, D, Gummadi, M, Gupta, A, Gurram, S, Guthrie, E, Hadley, K, Haggar, A, Hainey, K, Haldar, P, Hall, I, Hall, L, Halling-Brown, M, Hamil, R, Hanley, N A, Hardwick, H E, Hardy, E, Hargadon, B, Harrington, K, Harris, V, Harrison, E M, Harrison, P, Hart, N, Harvey, A, Harvey, M, Harvie, M, Havinden-Williams, M, Hawkes, J, Hawkings, N, Haworth, J, Hayday, A, Heaney, L G, Heeney, J L, Heightman, M, Heller, S, Henderson, M, Hesselden, L, Hillman, T, Hingorani, A, Hiwot, T, Ho, L P, Hoare, A, Hoare, M, Hogarth, P, Holbourn, A, Holdsworth, L, Holgate, D, Holmes, K, Holroyd-Hind, B, Horsley, A, Hosseini, A, Hotopf, M, Houchen, L, Howard, L, Howard, L, Howell, A, Hufton, E, Hughes, A, Hughes, J, Hughes, R, Humphries, A, Huneke, N, Hurst, J R, Hurst, R, Husain, M, Hussell, T, Ibrahim, W, Ient, A, Ingram, L, Ismail, K, Jackson, T, Jacob, J, James, W Y, Janes, S, Jarvis, H, Jayaraman, B, Jenkins, R G, Jezzard, P, Jiwa, K, Johnson, S, Johnson, C, Johnston, D, Jolley, C, Jolley, C J, Jones, I, Jones, S, Jones, D, Jones, H, Jones, G, Jones, M, Jose, S, Kabir, T, Kaltsakas, G, Kamwa, V, Kar, P, Kausar, Z, Kelly, S, Kerr, S, Key, A L, Khan, F, Khunti, K, King, C, King, B, Kitterick, P, Klenerman, P, Knibbs, L, Knight, S, Knighton, A, Kon, O M, Kon, S, Kon, S S, Korszun, A, Kotanidis, C, Koychev, I, Kurupati, P, Kwan, J, Laing, C, Lamlum, H, Landers, G, Langenberg, C, Lasserson, D, Lawrie, A, Lea, A, Leavy, O C, Lee, D, Lee, E, Leitch, K, Lenagh, R, Lewis, K, Lewis, V, Lewis, K E, Lewis, J, Lewis-Burke, N, Light, T, Lightstone, L, Lim, L, Linford, S, Lingford-Hughes, A, Lipman, M, Liyanage, K, Lloyd, A, Logan, S, Lomas, D, Lone, N I, Loosley, R, Lord, J M, Lota, H, Lucey, A, MacGowan, G, Macharia, I, Mackay, C, Macliver, L, Madathil, S, Madzamba, G, Magee, N, Mairs, N, Majeed, N, Major, E, Malim, M, Mallison, G, Man, W, Mandal, S, Mangion, K, Mansoori, P, Marciniak, S, Mariveles, M, Marks, M, Marshall, B, Martineau, A, Maskell, N, Matila, D, Matthews, L, Mayet, J, McAdoo, S, McAllister-Williams, H, McArdle, P, McArdle, A, McAulay, D, McAuley, H J C, McAuley, D F, McCafferty, K, McCann, G P, McCauley, H, McCourt, P, Mcgarvey, L, McGinness, J, McGovern, A, McGuinness, H, McInnes, I B, McIvor, K, McIvor, E, McMahon, A, McMahon, M J, McMorrow, L, Mcnally, T, McNarry, M, McQueen, A, McShane, H, Megson, S, Meiring, J, Menzies, D, Michael, A, Michael, B D, Milligan, L, Mills, N, Mitchell, J, Mohamed, A, Molyneaux, P L, Monteiro, W, Morley, A, Morrison, L, Morriss, R, Morrow, A, Moss, A, Moss, A J, Moss, P, Mukaetova-Ladinska, E, Munawar, U, Murali, E, Murira, J, Nassa, H, Neill, P, Neubauer, S, Newby, D, Newell, H, Newton Cox, A, Nicholson, T, Nicoll, D, Nolan, C M, Noonan, M J, Novotny, P, Nunag, J, Nyaboko, J, O'Brien, L, Odell, N, Ogg, G, Olaosebikan, O, Oliver, C, Omar, Z, Openshaw, P J M, Osbourne, R, Ostermann, M, Overton, C, Oxton, J, Pacpaco, E, Paddick, S, Papineni, P, Paradowski, K, Pareek, M, Parekh, D, Parfrey, H, Pariante, C, Parker, S, Parkes, M, Parmar, J, Parvin, R, Patale, S, Patel, B, Patel, S, Patel, M, Pathmanathan, B, Pavlides, M, Pearl, J E, Peckham, D, Pendlebury, J, Peng, Y, Pennington, C, Peralta, I, Perkins, E, Peto, T, Petousi, N, Petrie, J, Pfeffer, P, Phipps, J, Pimm, J, Piper Hanley, K, Pius, R, Plein, S, Plekhanova, T, Poinasamy, K, Polgar, O, Poll, L, Porter, J C, Portukhay, S, Powell, N, Price, L, Price, D, Price, A, Price, C, Prickett, A, Quaid, S, Quigley, J, Quint, J, Qureshi, H, Rahman, N, Rahman, M, Ralser, M, Raman, B, Ramos, A, Rangeley, J, Rees, T, Regan, K, Richards, A, Richardson, M, Rivera-Ortega, P, Robertson, E, Rodgers, J, Ross, G, Rossdale, J, Rostron, A, Routen, A, Rowland, A, Rowland, M J, Rowland, J, Rowland-Jones, S L, Roy, K, Rudan, I, Russell, R, Russell, E, Sabit, R, Sage, E K, Samani, N, Samuel, R, Sapey, E, Saralaya, D, Saratzis, A, Sargeant, J, Sass, T, Sattar, N, Saunders, K, Saunders, R, Saxon, W, Sayer, A, Schwaeble, W, Scott, J, Scott, K, Selby, N, Semple, M G, Sereno, M, Shah, K, Shah, A, Shah, P, Sharma, M, Sharpe, M, Sharpe, C, Shaw, V, Sheikh, A, Shevket, K, Shikotra, A, Short, J, Siddiqui, S, Sigfrid, L, Simons, G, Simpson, J, Singapuri, A, Singh, S J, Singh, C, Singh, S, Skeemer, J, Smith, I, Smith, J, Smith, L, Smith, A, Soares, M, Southern, D, Spears, M, Spencer, L G, Speranza, F, Stadon, L, Stanel, S, Steiner, M, Stensel, D, Stern, M, Stewart, I, Stockley, J, Stone, R, Storrie, A, Storton, K, Stringer, E, Subbe, C, Sudlow, C, Suleiman, Z, Summers, C, Summersgill, C, Sutherland, D, Sykes, D L, Sykes, R, Talbot, N, Tan, A L, Taylor, C, Taylor, A, Te, A, Tedd, H, Tee, C J, Tench, H, Terry, S, Thackray-Nocera, S, Thaivalappil, F, Thickett, D, Thomas, D, Thomas, D C, Thomas, A K, Thompson, A A R, Thompson, T, Thornton, T, Thwaites, R S, Tobin, M, Toingson, G F, Tong, C, Toshner, M, Touyz, R, Tripp, K A, Tunnicliffe, E, Turner, E, Turtle, L, Turton, H, Ugwuoke, R, Upthegrove, R, Valabhji, J, Vellore, K, Wade, E, Wain, L V, Wajero, L O, Walder, S, Walker, S, Wall, E, Wallis, T, Walmsley, S, Walsh, S, Walsh, J A, Watson, L, Watson, J, Watson, L, Watson, E, Welch, C, Welch, H, Welsh, B, Wessely, S, West, S, Wheeler, H, Whitehead, V, Whitney, J, Whittaker, S, Whittam, B, Wild, J, Wilkins, M, Wilkinson, D, Williams, N, Williams, B, Williams, J, Williams-Howard, S A, Willicombe, M, Willis, G, Wilson, D, Wilson, I, Window, N, Witham, M, Wolf-Roberts, R, Woodhead, F, Woods, J, Wootton, D, Worsley, J, Wraith, D, Wright, L, Wright, C, Wright, S, Xie, C, Yasmin, S, Yates, T, Yip, K P, Young, B, Young, S, Young, A, Yousuf, A J, Yousuf, A, Zawia, A, Zhao, B, and Zongo, O

Abstract

The impact of COVID-19 on physical and mental health and employment after hospitalisation with acute disease is not well understood. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of COVID-19-related hospitalisation on health and employment, to identify factors associated with recovery, and to describe recovery phenotypes.

Published
2021
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37. Survival of femur fractures in wild stoats (Mustela erminea).

Author

King, C. M.

Subjects
ERMINE, FEMORAL fractures, PREDATOR management, BONE fractures, BONE injuries, FEMUR
Abstract

Stoats (Mustela erminea) are active hunters and, therefore, one might predict that any broken bones or other injuries impeding active movement would incur a serious risk of starvation. Dead stoats (n = 560) were collected from trappers operating predator control lines in three conservation areas of New Zealand from 1972--1978. Femurs were cleaned and examined for healed injuries and deformities. Five femurs from four stoats (one with both femurs injured) showed traumatic distortions following healing of complete breaks incurred during life. A further case recorded during post-eradication monitoring in 2010 on Rangitoto, an offshore island, is added. These data provide evidence that wild stoats have a remarkable capacity to tolerate catastrophic femur fractures. They can survive long enough, despite the implied limitation to their energetic hunting style, to permit full healing even though the result is a gross distortion of the femoral shaft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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38. Long COVID research: an update from the PHOSP-COVID Scientific Summit

Author

Brightling, Christopher E, Evans, Rachael A, Singapuri, Amisha, Smith, Nikki, Wain, Louise V, Brightling, C E, Evans, R A, Wain, L V, Chalmers, J D, Harris, V C, Ho, L P, Horsley, A, Houchen-Wolloff, L, Marks, M, Raman, B, Singapuri, A, Barran, P, Bingham, M, Chilvers, E R, Daynes, E, Efstathiou, C M, Elneima, O, Guillen Guio, B, Harrison, E M, Jenkins, R G, Liew, F, Lone, N I, Lord, J M, McAuley, H J C, McCann, G P, Mitchell, J, Plekhanova, T, Russell, R J, Saunders, R M, Semple, M G, Smith, N, Trivedi, D, Turtle, L, Walker, S, Abel, K, Adamali, H, Adeloye, D, Adeyemi, O, Adrego, R, Aguilar Jimenez, L A, Ahmad, S, Ahmad Haider, N, Ahmed, R, Ahwireng, N, Ainsworth, M, Al-Sheklly, B, Alamoudi, A, Ali, M, Aljaroof, M, Allan, L, Allen, R J, Allerton, L, Allsop, L, Allt, AM, Almeida, P, Altmann, D, Alvarez Corral, M, Amoils, S, Anderson, D, Antoniades, C, Arbane, G, Arias, A, Armour, C, Armstrong, L, Armstrong, N, Arnold, D, Arnold, H, Ashish, A, Ashworth, A, Ashworth, M, Aslani, S, Assefa-Kebede, H, Atkin, P, Atkin, C, Aul, R, Aung, H, Austin, L, Avram, C, Ayoub, A, Babores, M, Baggott, R, Bagshaw, J, Baguley, D, Bailey, L, Baillie, J K, Bain, S, Bakali, M, Bakau, M, Baldry, E, Baldwin, M, Baldwin, D, Ballard, C, Banerjee, A, Bang, D, Barker, R E, Barman, L, Barratt, S, Barrett, F, Basire, D, Basu, N, Bates, M, Bates, A, Batterham, R, Baxendale, H, Baxter, G, Bayes, H, Beadsworth, M, Beckett, P, Beggs, M, Begum, M, Beirne, P, Bell, M, Bell, R, Bennett, K, Beranova, E, Bermperi, A, Berridge, A, Berry, C, Betts, S, Bevan, E, Bhui, K, Birchall, K, Bishop, L, Bisnauthsing, K, Blaikely, J, Bloss, A, Bolger, A, Bolton, C E, Bonnington, J, Botkai, A, Bourne, C, Bourne, M, Bramham, K, Brear, L, Breen, G, Breeze, J, Breeze, K, Briggs, A, Bright, E, Brill, S, Brindle, K, Broad, L, Broadley, A, Brookes, C, Broome, M, Brown, V, Brown, M, Brown, J, Brown, J, Brown, A, Brown, A, Brown, M, Brown, J S, Brugha, T, Brunskill, N, Buch, M, Buckley, P, Bularga, A, Bullmore, E, Bunker, J, Burden, L, Burdett, T, Burn, D, Burns, G, Burns, A, Busby, J, Butcher, R, Butt, A, Byrne, S, Cairns, P, Calder, P C, Calvelo, E, Carborn, H, Card, B, Carr, C, Carr, L, Carson, G, Carter, P, Casey, A, Cassar, M, Cavanagh, J, Chablani, M, Chalder, T, Chambers, R C, Chan, F, Channon, K M, Chapman, K, Charalambou, A, Chaudhuri, N, Checkley, A, Chen, J, Cheng, Y, Chetham, L, Childs, C, Chinoy, H, Chiribiri, A, Chong-James, K, Choudhury, N, Choudhury, G, Chowienczyk, P, Christie, C, Chrystal, M, Clark, C, Clark, D, Clarke, J, Clohisey, S, Coakley, G, Coburn, Z, Coetzee, S, Cole, J, Coleman, C, Conneh, F, Connell, D, Connolly, B, Connor, L, Cook, A, Cooper, S, Cooper, B, Cooper, J, Copeland, D, Cosier, T, Coulding, M, Coupland, C, Cox, E, Craig, T, Crisp, P, Cristiano, D, Crooks, M G, Cross, A, Cruz, I, Cullinan, P, Cuthbertson, D, Daines, L, Dalton, M, Daly, P, Daniels, A, Dark, P, Dasgin, J, David, C, David, A, Davies, F, Davies, E, Davies, K, Davies, G, Davies, G A, Davies, M J, Dawson, J, Dawson, C, De Soyza, A, Deakin, B, Deans, A, Deas, C, Deery, J, Defres, S, Dell, A, Dempsey, K, Denneny, E, Dennis, J, Dewar, A, Dharmagunawardena, R, Diar-Bakerly, N, Dickens, C, Dipper, A, Diver, S, Diwanji, S N, Dixon, M, Djukanovic, R, Dobson, H, Dobson, S L, Docherty, A B, Donaldson, A, Dong, T, Dormand, N, Dougherty, A, Dowling, R, Drain, S, Draxlbauer, K, Drury, K, Dulawan, P, Dunleavy, A, Dunn, S, Dupont, C, Earley, J, Easom, N, Echevarria, C, Edwards, S, Edwardson, C, El-Taweel, H, Elliott, A, Elliott, K, Ellis, Y, Elmer, A, Evans, T, Evans, R I, Evans, D, Evans, R, Evans, H, Evans, J, Evenden, C, Evison, L, Fabbri, L, Fairbairn, S, Fairman, A, Fallon, K, Faluyi, D, Favager, C, Fayzan, T, Featherstone, J, Felton, T, Ferreira, V, Finch, J, Finney, S, Finnigan, J, Finnigan, L, Fisher, H, Fletcher, S, Flockton, R, Flynn, M, Foot, H, Foote, D, Ford, A, Forton, D, Fraile, E, Francis, C, Francis, R, Francis, S, Frankel, A, Fraser, E, Free, R, French, N, Fu, X, Fuld, J, Furniss, J, Garner, L, Gautam, N, Geddes, J R, George, J, George, P, Gibbons, M, Gill, R, Gill, M, Gilmour, L, Gleeson, F, Glossop, J, Glover, S, Goodman, N, Goodwin, C, Gooptu, B, Gordon, H, Gorsuch, T, Greatorex, M, Greenhaff, P L, Greenhalf, W, Greenhalgh, A, Greening, N J, Greenwood, J, Gregory, R, Gregory, H, Grieve, D, Griffin, D, Griffiths, L, Guerdette, A-M, Gummadi, M, Gupta, A, Gurram, S, Guthrie, E, Guy, Z, Hadley, K, Haggar, A, Hainey, K, Hairsine, B, Haldar, P, Hall, L, Hall, I, Halling-Brown, M, Hamil, R, Hancock, A, Hancock, K, Hanley, N A, Haq, S, Hardwick, H E, Hardy, T, Hardy, E, Hargadon, B, Harrington, K, Harris, E, Harrison, P, Hart, N, Harvey, A, Harvey, M, Harvie, M, Haslam, L, Hastie, C, Havinden-Williams, M, Hawkes, J, Hawkings, N, Haworth, J, Hayday, A, Haynes, M, Hazeldine, J, Hazelton, T, Heaney, L G, Heeley, C, Heeney, J L, Heightman, M, Heller, S, Henderson, M, Henson, H, Hesselden, L, Hewitt, M, Highett, V, Hillman, T, Hiwot, T, Hoare, M, Hoare, A, Hockridge, J, Hogarth, P, Holbourn, A, Holden, S, Holdsworth, L, Holgate, D, Holland, M, Holloway, L, Holmes, K, Holmes, M, Holroyd-Hind, B, Holt, L, Hormis, A, Hosseini, A, Hotopf, M, Howard, L S, Howard, K, Howell, A, Hufton, E, Hughes, R A, Hughes, J, Hughes, A D, Humphries, A, Huneke, N, Hurditch, E, Hurst, J, Husain, M, Hussell, T, Hutchinson, J, Ibrahim, W, Ilyas, F, Ingham, J, Ingram, L, Ionita, D, Isaacs, K, Ismail, K, Jackson, T, Jacob, J, James, W Y, Jang, W, Jarman, C, Jarrold, I, Jarvis, H, Jastrub, R, Jayaraman, B, Jezzard, P, Jiwa, K, Johnson, C, Johnson, S, Johnston, D, Jolley, C J, Jones, S, Jones, H, Jones, L, Jones, I, Jones, G, Jones, H, Jones, M G, Jones, D, Jose, S, Kabir, T, Kaltsakas, G, Kamwa, V, Kanellakis, N, Kaprowska, S, Kausar, Z, Keenan, N, Kelly, S, Kemp, G, Kerr, S, Kerslake, H, Key, A L, Khan, F, Khunti, K, Kilroy, S, King, B, King, C, Kingham, L, Kirk, J, Kitterick, P, Klenerman, P, Knibbs, L, Knight, S, Knighton, A, Kon, O, Kon, S, Kon, S S, Korszun, A, Koychev, I, Kurasz, C, Kurupati, P, Laing, C, Lamlum, H, Landers, G, Langenberg, C, Lavelle-Langham, L, Lawrie, A, Lawson, C, Lawson, C, Layton, A, Lea, A, Leavy, O C, Lee, J-H, Lee, E, Lee, D, Leitch, K, Lenagh, R, Lewis, V, Lewis, J, Lewis, K E, Lewis, D, Lewis-Burke, N, Li, X, Light, T, Lightstone, L, Lilaonitkul, W, Lim, L, Linford, S, Lingford-Hughes, A, Lipman, M, Liyanage, K, Lloyd, A, Logan, S, Lomas, D, Loosley, R, Lota, H, Lovegrove, W, Lucey, A, Lucy, L, Lukaschuk, E, Lye, A, Lynch, C, MacDonald, S, MacGowan, G, Macharia, I, Mackie, J, Macliver, L, Madathil, S, Madzamba, G, Magee, N, Magtoto, M M, Mairs, N, Majeed, N, Major, E, Malein, F, Malim, M, Mallison, G, Man, W D-C, Mandal, S, Mangion, K, Manisty, C, Manley, R, March, K, Marciniak, S, Marino, P, Mariveles, M, Marouzet, E, Marsh, S, Marshall, M, Marshall, B, Martin, J, Martineau, A, Martinez, L M, Maskell, N, Matila, D, Matimba-Mupaya, W, Matthews, L, Mbuyisa, A, McAdoo, S, McAllister-Williams, H, McArdle, P, McArdle, A, McAulay, D, McCormick, W, McCormick, J, McCourt, P, McCracken, C, McGarvey, L, McGee, C, Mcgee, K, McGinness, J, McGlynn, K, McGovern, A, McGuinness, H, McInnes, I B, McIntosh, J, McIvor, E, McIvor, K, McLeavey, L, McMahon, A, McMahon, M J, McMorrow, L, Mcnally, T, McNarry, M, McNeill, J, McQueen, A, McShane, H, Mears, C, Megson, C, Megson, S, Mehta, P, Meiring, J, Melling, L, Mencias, M, Menke, R, Menzies, D, Merida Morillas, M, Michael, A, Michael, B, Miller, C A, Milligan, L, Mills, N L, Mills, C, Mills, G, Milner, L, Misra, S, Mohamed, A, Mohamed, N, Mohammed, S, Molyneaux, P L, Monteiro, W, Moriera, S, Morley, A, Morrison, L, Morriss, R, Morrow, A, Moss, P, Moss, A J, Motohashi, K, Msimanga, N, Mukaetova-Ladinska, E, Munawar, U, Murira, J, Nanda, U, Nassa, H, Nasseri, M, Nathu, R, Neal, A, Needham, R, Neill, P, Neubauer, S, Newby, D E, Newell, H, Newman, J, Newman, T, Newton-Cox, A, Nichols, T E, Nicholson, T, Nicolaou, C, Nicoll, D, Nikolaidis, A, Nikolaidou, C, Nolan, C M, Noonan, M J, Norman, C, Novotny, P, Nunag, J L, Nwafor, L, Nwanguma, U, Nyaboko, J, O'Brien, C, O'Donnell, K, O'Regan, D P, O'Brien, L, Odell, N, Ogbole, G, Ogg, G, Olaosebikan, O, Oliver, C, Omar, Z, Openshaw, P J M, Orriss-Dib, L, Osborne, L, Osbourne, R, Ostermann, M, Overton, C, Owen, J, Oxton, J, Pack, J, Pacpaco, E, Paddick, S, Painter, S, Pakzad, A, Palmer, S, Papineni, P, Paques, K, Paradowski, K, Pareek, M, Parekh, D, Parfrey, H, Pariante, C, Parker, S, Parkes, M, Parmar, J, Patale, S, Patel, M, Patel, B, Patel, S, Pattenadk, D, Pavlides, M, Payne, S, Pearce, L, Pearl, J E, Peckham, D, Pendlebury, J, Peng, Y, Pennington, C, Peralta, I, Perkins, E, Peterkin, Z, Peto, T, Petousi, N, Petrie, J, Pfeffer, P, Phipps, J, Piechnik, S, Pimm, J, Piper Hanley, K, Pius, R, Plant, H, Plein, S, Plowright, M, Poinasamy, K, Polgar, O, Poll, L, Porter, J, Porter, J C, Portukhay, S, Powell, N, Prabhu, A, Pratt, J, Price, A, Price, C, Price, C, Price, L, Price, D, Price, L, Prickett, A, Propescu, I, Propescu, J, Prosper, S, Pugmire, S, Quaid, S, Quigley, J, Quint, J, Qureshi, H, Qureshi, I N, Radhakrishnan, K, Rahman, N M, Ralser, M, Ramos, H, Ramos, A, Rangeley, J, Rangelov, B, Ratcliffe, L, Ravencroft, P, Reddington, A, Reddy, R, Reddy, A, Redfearn, H, Redwood, D, Reed, A, Rees, M, Rees, T, Regan, K, Reynolds, W, Ribeiro, C, Richards, A, Richardson, E, Richardson, M, Rivera-Ortega, P, Roberts, K, Robertson, E, Robinson, L, Robinson, E, Roche, L, Roddis, C, Rodger, J, Rogers, N, Ross, G, Ross, A, Rossdale, J, Rostron, A, Rowe, A, Rowland, J, Rowland, M J, Rowland, A, Rowland-Jones, S L, Roy, M, Roy, K, Rudan, I, Russell, R, Russell, E, Saalmink, G, Sabit, R, Sage, E K, Samakomva, T, Samani, N, Samat, A A, Sampson, C, Samuel, K, Samuel, R, Sanders, Z B, Sanderson, A, Sapey, E, Saralaya, D, Sargant, J, Sarginson, C, Sass, T, Sattar, N, Saunders, K, Saunders, P, Saunders, L C, Savill, H, Saxon, W, Sayer, A, Schronce, J, Schwaeble, W, Scott, J T, Scott, K, Selby, N, Sereno, M, Sewell, T A, Shah, K, Shah, A, Shah, P, Shankar-Hari, M, Sharma, M, Sharpe, C, Sharpe, M, Shashaa, S, Shaw, A, Shaw, V, Shaw, K, Sheikh, A, Shelton, S, Shenton, L, Shevket, K, Shikotra, A, Short, J, Siddique, S, Siddiqui, S, Sidebottom, J, Sigfrid, L, Simons, G, Simpson, N, Simpson, J, Singh, S, Singh, C, Singh, S J, Sissons, D, Skeemer, J, Slack, K, Smith, D, Smith, A, Smith, J, Smith, L, Smith, S, Soares, M, Solano, T S, Solly, R, Solstice, AR, Soulsby, T, Southern, D, Sowter, D, Spears, M, Spencer, L G, Speranza, F, Stadon, L, Stanel, S, Steeds, R, Steele, N, Steiner, M, Stensel, D, Stephens, G, Stephenson, L, Stern, M, Stewart, I, Stimpson, R, Stockdale, S, Stockley, J, Stoker, W, Stone, R, Storrar, W, Storrie, A, Storton, K, Stringer, E, Strong-Sheldrake, S, Stroud, N, Subbe, C, Sudlow, C L, Suleiman, Z, Summers, C, Summersgill, C, Sutherland, D, Sykes, D L, Sykes, R, Talbot, N, Tan, A L, Tarusan, L, Tavoukjian, V, Taylor, J, Taylor, A, Taylor, C, Taylor, J P, Te, A, Tedd, H, Tee, CJ, Teixeira, J, Tench, H, Terry, S, Thackray-Nocera, S, Thaivalappil, F, Thamu, B, Thickett, D, Thomas, D C, Thomas, S, Thomas, C, Thomas, A K, Thomas-Woods, T, Thompson, A A R, Thompson, T, Thornton, T, Thorpe, M, Thwaites, R S, Tilley, J, Tinker, N, Tiongson, G F, Tobin, M, Tomlinson, J, Tong, C, Toshner, M, Touyz, R, Treibel, T, Tripp, K A, Tunnicliffe, E M, Turnbull, A, Turner, K, Turner, S, Turner, V, Turner, E, Turney, S, Turton, H, Ugoji, J, Ugwuoke, R, Upthegrove, R, Valabhji, J, Ventura, M, Vere, J, Vickers, C, Vinson, B, Vogiatzis, I, Wade, E, Wade, P, Wainwright, T, Wajero, L O, Walder, S, Walker, S, Wall, E, Wallis, T, Walmsley, S, Walsh, S, Walsh, J A, Warburton, L, Ward, T J C, Warwick, K, Wassall, H, Waterson, S, Watson, L, Watson, E, Watson, J, Webster, M, Weir McCall, J, Welch, H, Welch, C, Welsh, B, Wessely, S, West, S, Weston, H, Wheeler, H, White, S, Whitehead, V, Whitney, J, Whittaker, S, Whittam, B, Whitworth, V, Wight, A, Wild, J M, Wilkins, M, Wilkinson, D, Williams, N, Williams, N, Williams, B, Williams, J, Williams-Howard, S A, Willicombe, M, Willis, G, Willoughby, J, Wilson, A, Wilson, I, Wilson, D, Window, N, Witham, M, Wolf-Roberts, R, Wood, C, Woodhead, F, Woods, J, Wootton, D G, Wormleighton, J, Worsley, J, Wraith, D, Wrey Brown, C, Wright, C, Wright, S, Wright, L, Wyles, J, Wynter, I, Xie, C, Xu, M, Yasmin, N, Yasmin, S, Yates, T, Yip, K P, Young, S, Young, B, Young, A, Yousuf, A J, Zawia, A, Zeidan, L, Zhao, B, Zheng, B, and Zongo, O

Published
2023
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39. Mutant clones in normal epithelium outcompete and eliminate emerging tumours

Author

Colom, B., Herms, A., Hall, M. W. J., Dentro, S. C., King, C., Sood, R. K., Alcolea, M. P., Piedrafita, G., Fernandez-Antoran, D., Ong, S. H., Fowler, J. C., Mahbubani, K. T., Saeb-Parsy, K., Gerstung, M., Hall, B. A., and Jones, P. H.

Abstract

Human epithelial tissues accumulate cancer-driver mutations with age1–9, yet tumour formation remains rare. The positive selection of these mutations suggests that they alter the behaviour and fitness of proliferating cells10–12. Thus, normal adult tissues become a patchwork of mutant clones competing for space and survival, with the fittest clones expanding by eliminating their less competitive neighbours11–14. However, little is known about how such dynamic competition in normal epithelia influences early tumorigenesis. Here we show that the majority of newly formed oesophageal tumours are eliminated through competition with mutant clones in the adjacent normal epithelium. We followed the fate of nascent, microscopic, pre-malignant tumours in a mouse model of oesophageal carcinogenesis and found that most were rapidly lost with no indication of tumour cell death, decreased proliferation or an anti-tumour immune response. However, deep sequencing of ten-day-old and one-year-old tumours showed evidence of selection on the surviving neoplasms. Induction of highly competitive clones in transgenic mice increased early tumour removal, whereas pharmacological inhibition of clonal competition reduced tumour loss. These results support a model in which survival of early neoplasms depends on their competitive fitness relative to that of mutant clones in the surrounding normal tissue. Mutant clones in normal epithelium have an unexpected anti-tumorigenic role in purging early tumours through cell competition, thereby preserving tissue integrity.

Published
2021
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40. Where is the research university headed?

Author

King, C. Judson

Subjects
Research -- Finance, Research institutes -- Public opinion, Science -- Social aspects, Chemicals, plastics and rubber industries, Chemistry
Abstract

Research universities need to concentrate on areas concerning society and its problems. It is necessary to make positive contributions in spite of the reductions in government funding and lack of public support. Researchers, especially chemists and chemical engineers, need to interact with researchers in different fields and adjust the use of funds within available budgets. People are losing faith in science and researchers have to work hard to change the attitudes.

Published
1995

41. Laser repair processes for mass production of LCD panels

Author

Sheng, King C., Sondeno, John R., Lam, Joseph K., and Addiego, Gino

Subjects
Semiconductor industry, Semiconductor production equipment, LCD display, Semiconductor industry -- Equipment and supplies, Liquid crystal displays -- Evaluation -- Equipment and supplies, Semiconductor production equipment -- Evaluation -- Equipment and supplies
Abstract

Yield in the manufacture of liquid crystal display (LCD) panels has been very low because the process for fabricating an array of thin film transistors -- using multiple layers of […]

Published
1993

42. Amine-based systems for carboxylic acid recovery

Author

King, C. Judson

Subjects
Carboxylic acids, Amines, Chemicals, plastics and rubber industries, Chemistry
Abstract

Methods in extracting carboxylic acids from aqueous solutions are discussed. Carboxylic acids are necessary in commercial products and petrochemical manufacture and fermentation. They also play a part in waste stream recovery, which is environmentally and economically important. Citric acid can be manufactured by fermentation which is also how lactic and fumaric acids were manufactured before.

Published
1992

44. Fishing for brain power?

Author

King, C. and Fewtrell, M.

Subjects
Fish oils -- Health aspects, Dietary supplements -- Health aspects, Unsaturated fatty acids -- Health aspects, Infants -- Development, Infants -- Evaluation, Family and marriage, Health, Women's issues/gender studies
Published
2008

45. Mapping and confirmation of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with carbon isotope ratio (δ13C) in soybean

Author

Bazzer, Sumandeep K., Kaler, Avjinder S., King, C. Andy, Ray, Jeffery D., Hwang, Sadal, and Purcell, Larry C.

Abstract

Insufficient moisture availability often limits soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] yield. Carbon isotope ratio (δ13C) provides an integrated measure of water use efficiency in C3plants due to its substantial genetic variance, high heritability, and small genotype × environment interaction (G × E). The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with δ13C using a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between ‘KS4895’ and ‘Jackson’. The field experiment was conducted in five environments to evaluate δ13C under rainfed and irrigated conditions. Analysis of variance of δ13C averaged over environment and irrigation treatment showed significant effects of genotype (G), environment (E), and G × E interactions. Heritability of δ13C in different environments and irrigation treatments ranged from 66 to 79%. Averaged over environments and irrigation treatments, heritability was 83%. A total of 24 QTLs associated with δ13C were identified and clustered in nine genomic regions on seven chromosomes. The QTL clusters on Gm05 (1), Gm06 (2) and Gm20 (1) were detected across different environments and irrigation regimes. Collectively, these four QTL clusters accounted for 55% of the phenotypic variation in δ13C. The QTLs on Gm06 and Gm20 also showed additive × additive epistasis that contributed approximately 4.2% to the total phenotypic variation. Several identified δ13C QTLs overlapped with QTLs associated with other physiological traits related to plant water status, biological nitrogen fixation, and plant morphology. The identified genomic regions may be an important resource in genomic selection studies to improve drought tolerance in soybean.

Published
2020
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46. Reshaping of Truncated Pd Nanocubes: Energetic and Kinetic Analysis Integrating Transmission Electron Microscopy with Atomistic-Level and Coarse-Grained Modeling

Author

Lai, King C., Chen, Minda, Williams, Benjamin, Han, Yong, Tsung, Chia-Kuang, Huang, Wenyu, and Evans, James W.

Abstract

Stability against reshaping of metallic fcc nanocrystals synthesized with tailored far-from-equilibrium shapes is key to maintaining optimal properties for applications such as catalysis. Yet Arrhenius analysis of experimental reshaping kinetics, and appropriate theory and simulation, is lacking. Thus, we use TEM to monitor the reshaping of Pd nanocubes of ∼25 nm side length between 410 °C (over ∼4.5 h) and 440 °C (over ∼0.25 h), extracting a high effective energy barrier of Eeff≈ 4.6 eV. We also provide an analytic determination of the energy variation along the optimal pathway for reshaping that involves transfer of atoms across the nanocube surface from edges or corners to form new layers on side {100} facets. The effective barrier from this analysis is shown to increase strongly with the degree of truncation of edges and corners in the synthesized nanocube. Theory matches experiment for the appropriate degree of truncation. In addition, we perform simulations of a stochastic atomistic-level model incorporating a realistic description of diffusive hopping for undercoordinated surface atoms, thereby providing a visualization of the initial reshaping process.

Published
2020
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47. Registration of soybean germplasm lines R10‐2436 and R10‐2710 with drought tolerance traits and high yield under moderate water stress

Author

Manjarrez‐Sandoval, Pedro, Chen, Pengyin, Mozzoni, Leandro, Florez‐Palacios, Liliana, Orazaly, Moldir, Wu, Chengjun, Sinclair, Thomas R., Carter, Thomas E., Purcell, Larry C., and King, C. Andy

Abstract

Soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] lines R10‐2436 (Reg. no. GP‐439, PI 692971) and R10‐2710 (Reg. no. GP‐440, PI 692972) are high‐yielding and drought‐tolerant conventional germplasm released by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station in February 2017. R10‐2436 and R10‐2710 have a relative maturity of 5.6 and 5.8, respectively. R10‐2436 is an F4–derived line from the cross R01‐52F × R02‐6268F, and R10‐2710 is an F2–derived line from R01‐52F × ‘USDA‐N7002’. In 6 yr of testing, R10‐2436 and R10‐2710 significantly outyielded the maturity group 5 check mean under moderate water‐deficit stress in Stuttgart, AR (2,893, 2,889, and 2,506 kg ha−1, respectively) and were on a par with the checks under full irrigation in Stuttgart (4,644, 4,511, and 4,613 kg ha−1, respectively) and in five additional irrigated Arkansas environments. The water‐deficit treatment consisted of normal irrigation until blooming, after which irrigation was suspended for the rest of the season. In greenhouse pot studies, both releases exhibited sustained nitrogen fixation during a dry‐down cycle. This trait was presumably inherited from their ancestor ‘Jackson’. R10‐2436 also exhibited slow wilting in multiple drought‐stressed environments in Arkansas and North Carolina, likely inherited from PI 416937. Because of their yield potential under drought and irrigation, as well as their good agronomic characteristics, R10‐2436 and R10‐2710 can be easily incorporated in applied breeding programs to transfer drought tolerance into elite high‐yielding cultivars.

Published
2020
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48. Fundamentals of Au(111) Surface Dynamics: Coarsening of Two-Dimensional Au Islands

Author

Spurgeon, Peter M., Lai, King C., Han, Yong, Evans, James W., and Thiel, Patricia A.

Abstract

Au(111) surfaces play a central role in many applications, yet studies of fundamental aspects of their dynamics are limited. Thus, using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) at 300 K, we analyze the coarsening of first-layer 2D Au islands directly on the Au(111) substrate and also of second-layer 2D Au islands. Specifically, we monitor the decay of Au first-layer islands with areas of about 100–500 nm2in the vicinity of larger islands or extended step edges over a period of approximately 40 h, the relevant time scale for this process. Experimentally observed behavior is captured by analytical theory for terrace-diffusion-limited decay incorporating DFT results for the Au terrace diffusion barrier and the adatom formation energy. Experimental observations of second-layer island decay are also compared with appropriate analytical theory and stochastic simulations, thereby determining the effective Ehrlich–Schwoebel barrier for Au on Au(111).

Published
2020
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49. Online, Real-Time Analysis of Highly Complex Processing Streams: Quantification of Analytes in Hanford Tank Sample

Author

Lines, A. M., Tse, P., Felmy, H. M., Wilson, J. M., Shafer, J., Denslow, K. M., Still, A. N., King, C., and Bryan, S. A.

Abstract

Processing of hazardous materials is a crucial example where online monitoring can significantly reduce operation risk, cost, and time. This is particularly true in the case of the Hanford site, where nuclear materials from the Cold War era are being processed for environmental cleanup efforts. In exceedingly complex streams such as those at Hanford, online and real-time monitoring can be challenging due to the complexity of instrument signals. Further obstacles are imposed by the caustic nature of processing streams, as well as the radiation damage inflicted on instruments and probes. Online monitoring based on Raman spectroscopy enables the detection of many Hanford tank species of interest. Nine chemical species that comprise the majority of tank waste by volume, including Al(OH)4–, C2O42–, CO32–, CrO42–, NO3–, NO3–, OH–, PO43–, and SO42–, were detected and quantified. Real-time analysis of Raman signal allows for immediate quantification of target analytes and was successfully accomplished through the use of chemometric models. Furthermore, irradiation tests revealed that Raman monitoring systems can effectively continue to operate even after receiving 1 × 107rad of γ dose. The online, real-time monitoring system developed here was successfully used to simultaneously quantify nine target analytes in a real sample collected from Hanford tank AP-105.

Published
2019
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50. Long‐Term Safety of Rituximab in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results of a Five‐Year Observational Study

Author

Winthrop, Kevin L., Saag, Kenneth, Cascino, Matthew D., Pei, Jinglan, John, Ani, Jahreis, Angelika, Haselkorn, Tmirah, Furst, Daniel E., Abdulky, M., Abeles, M., Adelglass, H., Ahmed, A., Alloway, J., Alper, J., Anand, A., Anderson, J., Arora, M., Askari, A., Baca, S., Bacha, D., Bagheri, S., Ballou, S., Bennett, R., Bidula, L., Blumstein, H., Bognar, M., Bohan, A., Boniske, C., Borofsky, M., Box, E., Braun, A., Brennan, T., Brent, L., Cabalar, I., Carteron, N., Chaudhary, K., Chauhan, A., Cima, M., Cochinwala, A., Cohen, H., Colburn, K., Conaway, D., Danning, C., Dao, K., Dean, J., Diab, I., Diegel, R., Ditzian‐Kadanoff, R., Dowd, J., Dugowson, C., Eggebeen, A., El‐Kadi, H., Feinberg, H., Feinman, M., Feinstein, J., Fischer, A., Foad, B., Fondal, M., Fraser, S., Fraser, A., Freeman, P., Garber, M., Goldstein, A., Golombek, S., Greenstein, N., Greenwald, M., Hakim, C., Halla, J., Hallegua, D., Han, K., Harris, B., Hauptman, H., Hirsh, J., Hoffman, M., Huntwork, J., Husni, M., Hyer, F., Hymowitz, R., Jones, R., Kanagasegar, S., Kappes, J., Keating, R., Kelly, G., Kim, J., King, C., Klashman, D., Knee, C., Kolba, K., Krick, G., Krug, H., Kumar, U., Lakhanpal, S., Lang, T., Lauter, S., Lawrence Ford, T., Lee, W., Lee, Y., Leisen, J., Levine, J., Lidman, R., Lipstate, J., Malinak, J., Marcus, R., Martin, D., Mehta, C., Melton, G., Metyas, S., Miller, K., Moidel, R., Moore, C., Mossell, J., Munoz, G., Murphy, F., Nami, A., Nascimento, J., Neal, N., Neiman, R., Neuwelt, C., Nguyen, P., Niemer, M., Oelke, K., Oza, M., Pachaidee, S., Patel, S., Pegram, S., Penmetcha, M., Perkins, J., Perl, A., Peterson, L., Pittsley, R., Portnoff, K., Rahmani, D., Raja, N., Ratnoff, W., Rezaian, M., Rhea, C., Rice, D., Ridley, D., Rivadeneira, A., Rizzo, W., Roane, G., Rocca, P., Rosen, M., Saikali, W., Saitta, M., Sankoorikal, A., Saway, P., Schneider, P., Schwartzman, S., Scoville, C., Shergy, W., Shiel, W, Shurmur, R., Sikes, D., Singhal, A., Snyder, A., Songcharoen, S., Sosenko, M., Soto Raices, O., Stahl, N., Stark, K., Strachan, M., Stupi, A., Sullivan, N., Sylvester, R., Tabechian, D., Tagoe, C., Taylor, P., Thakker, S., Thakor, M., Thakur, N., Tidmore, W., Toth, M., Trostle, D., Udell, J., Van de Stouwe, M., Venuturupalli, R., Weiss, D., Weselman, K., Winn, D., Yung, C., Zable, E., and Zamiri, B.

Abstract

To evaluate the long‐term safety of rituximab in an observational cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who had an inadequate response to ≥1 anti–tumor necrosis factor therapy in the US(SUNSTONE[Study of the Safety of Rituxan in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis After an Inadequate Response to Previous Anti‐TNFTherapy] registry). In this prospective, observational cohort study, patients received rituximab according to their physician's standard practice and were evaluated at standard‐of‐care follow‐up visits at least every 6 months. The primary outcome was the incidence of protocol‐defined significant infections. Secondary outcomes included serious adverse events potentially associated with rituximab, cardiovascular or thrombotic events, seizures, deaths, and pregnancies. Post hoc analyses assessed outcomes by concomitant medication use. Overall, 989 patients (safety‐evaluable population) received ≥1 dose of rituximab, with a total follow‐up of 3,844 patient‐years (mean duration 3.9 years). In total, 341 significant infections occurred in 197 patients (19.9%). The incidence rates (95% confidence intervals [95% CIs]) for significant infections, cardiovascular or thrombotic events, and seizures were 8.87 (95% CI7.98–9.86), 1.95 (95% CI1.56–2.45), and 0.18 (95% CI0.09–0.38) per 100 patient‐years, respectively. The incidence of significant infections did not increase with time or with cumulative rituximab exposure. During the study, 64 patients died (crude mortality rate 1.66 per 100 patient‐years [95% CI1.30–2.13]). The most common causes of death were infections (n = 19), malignancy (n = 14), and cardiovascular events (n = 13). Eight pregnancies were reported in 7 patients. In patients with RAtreated with rituximab for up to 5 years, the rates of significant infections were stable over time and higher in patients who received long‐term systemic steroid treatment.

Published
2019
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