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We investigated the crystallinity, ferroelectric properties, and energy storage efficiency of Aurivillius BaBi4Ti4O15(BBTO) thin films epitaxially deposited on single-crystal (001) Rh substrates by pulsed laser deposition method. From X-ray diffraction experiments, it was confirmed that the BBTO thin films had a mixed crystallinity of a-oriented crystallinity and c-oriented crystallinity. The BBTO thin films fabricated by a low substrate temperature and a high deposition rate showed highly a-oriented crystallinity. On the other hand, the BBTO thin films deposited by a high substrate temperature and a low deposition rate showed improved crystallinity with highly c-oriented crystallinity. The BBTO thin film with the highly a-oriented crystallinity showed large remanent polarization, and the BBTO thin film with the highly c-oriented crystallinity showed small remanent polarization but excellent leakage current characteristics. In addition, the BBTO thin film with the highly c-oriented crystallinity exhibited superior energy storage characteristics with a high energy storage density of 32.5 J/cm3and a high efficiency of 0.8 compared to the BBTO thin film with the highly a-oriented crystallinity.

•Bi5Ti3FeO15(BTFO) thin films deposited on transparent FTO/glass substrate.•A mixture of a- and c-domains similar to the morphotropic phase boundary state.•Enhanced piezoelectric properties due to the formation of a-domains.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. It can be divided into the germinal center (GC) and non-GC subtypes by immunohistochemistry based on the expression of CD10, Bcl-6 and MUM-1. The GC Subtype had a significantly better survival rate than the non-GC subtype. These subtypes are predictors of outcome in DLBCL patients receiving CHOP (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine and prednisone). Recently a significant improvement of outcome has been obtained by combining a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody, Rituximab, with chemotherapy. We conducted the retrospective study to evaluate the predictive role of GC or non-GC subtypes in DLBCL patients receiving CHOP or rituximab-CHOP (R-CHOP). We searched the DLBCL patients diagnosed at Daegu Catholic University Hospital between 2000 and 2007. Rituximab was introduced into the treatment since 2003. Both the immunohistochemical and clinical data could be analyzed in forty six patients. According to the expression of CD10, Bcl-6 and MUM-1, we divided DLBCLs into the GC or non-GC subgroups (Blood. 2004;103:275-282). The median follow-up duration was 22.5 months. 21 and 25 patients were received CHOP and R-CHOP, respectively. 12 and 34 patients were classified into the GC and non-GC subgroups. The GC subtype showed a better overall survival (OS) than the non-GC subtype (p=0.046), but not progression-free survival (PFS) (p=0.633). The GC subtype did not predict the outcome in CHOP and R-CHOP group, respectively. In R-CHOP group, the expression of Bcl-6 was associated with a better OS (p=0.033). The GC subtype showed a better OS in low IPI (IPI 0–2) with borderline significance (p=0.054), but not in high IPI group (IPI 3–5) (p=0.429). In conclusion, the GC subtype showed a better OS in whole patients group, but didn’t show the superior outcome than the non-GC subtype in CHOP subgroup or R-CHOP subgroup, respectively, in this study. It may be due to the small size of the GC subtype. The prospective, large scale study is recommended.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It can be divided into the germinal center (GC) and non-GC subtypes by immunohistochemistry based on the expression of CD10, Bcl-6 and MUM-1. The GC Subtype had a significantly better survival rate than the non-GC subtype. These subtypes are predictors of outcome in DLBCL patients receiving CHOP (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine and prednisone). Recently a significant improvement of outcome has been obtained by combining a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody, Rituximab, with chemotherapy. We conducted the retrospective study to evaluate the predictive role of GC or non-GC subtypes in DLBCL patients receiving CHOP or rituximab-CHOP (R-CHOP). We searched the DLBCL patients diagnosed at Daegu Catholic University Hospital between 2000 and 2007. Rituximab was introduced into the treatment since 2003. Both the immunohistochemical and clinical data could be analyzed in forty six patients. According to the expression of CD10, Bcl-6 and MUM-1, we divided DLBCLs into the GC or non-GC subgroups (Blood . 2004; 103:275-282). The median follow-up duration was 22.5 months. 21 and 25 patients were received CHOP and R-CHOP, respectively. 12 and 34 patients were classified into the GC and non-GC subgroups. The GC subtype showed a better overall survival (OS) than the non-GC subtype (p=0.046), but not progression-free survival (PFS) (p=0.633). The GC subtype did not predict the outcome in CHOP and R-CHOP group, respectively. In R-CHOP group, the expression of Bcl-6 was associated with a better OS (p=0.033). The GC subtype showed a better OS in low IPI (IPI 0–2) with borderline significance (p=0.054), but not in high IPI group (IPI 3–5) (p=0.429). In conclusion, the GC subtype showed a better OS in whole patients group, but didn't show the superior outcome than the non-GC subtype in CHOP subgroup or R-CHOP subgroup, respectively, in this study. It may be due to the small size of the GC subtype. The prospective, large scale study is recommended.