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In 1979 we chose in Dalian Municipality 523 students from three middle schools and conducted a preliminary survey into the formation of their ideals. (The investigative report can be found in Youth Research, no. 29 [1980], compiled by Central Research Office, Communist Youth League, or in Study of Work among Youngsters, no. 2 [1980], compiled by Youth Education Office of Liaoning Province.) To study further how ideals of young students are formed and developed at present, we carried out a second survey in 1980. This time the investigation was expanded to cover three urban middle schools (one key middle school) and two rural middle schools, involving 1,122 students.