Search

ABSTRACT The reinforced concrete structures are easy to cause steel corrosion in an erosion environment for a long time and reduce the seismic performance of the structures in the coastal [...]

The utilisation of plant-based temper in Songze culture pottery incorporated a substantial proportion of fibre and exhibited a microstructure resembling a fully oxidised rice husk temper (Grog). However, during the Liangzhu and Guangfulin periods, these plant-based tempers underwent a transformation into quartz and other mineral tempers. Notably, amphibole tempers were identified in pottery from the Liangzhu culture, particularly in black pottery coatings. The structure of the low-aluminium ceramic coating was determined to be porous, and initially, this type of temper was thought to be debris resulting from jade processing. However, experimental archaeological studies have demonstrated that it is difficult for jade fragments to develop a similar petrographic structure. In pottery from the Guangfulin culture, white pottery coatings turned black when compacted. This colour alteration may have been achieved through simple sintering processing, suggesting the potential utilisation of a two-step pottery processing technique under low-fire conditions.

The multi-energy complementary ecosystem is an important form of the modern energy system. However, standardized evaluation criteria and the corresponding method framework have not yet been formed, resulting in unclear standards and irregular processes of its construction. To cope with this issue, a novel comprehensive evaluation framework for multi-energy complementary ecosystems is proposed in this study. First, a 5D comprehensive evaluation criteria system, including environment, economy, technology, safety and systematicness, is constructed. Then, a novel multicriteria decision-making model integrating an analytic network process, entropy and preference-ranking organization method for enrichment evaluation under an intuitional fuzzy environment is proposed. Finally, four practical cases are used for model testing and empirical analysis. The results of the research show that the unit cost of the energy supply and the internal rate of return indexes have the highest weights of 0.142 and 0.010, respectively. It means that they are the focus in the construction of a multi-energy complementary ecosystem. The net flows of four cases are 0.015, 0.123, –0.132 and –0.005, indicating that cases with a variety of energy supply forms and using intelligent management and control platforms to achieve cold, heat and electrical coupling have more advantages.A novel evaluation framework for multi-energy ecosystems is developed based on 5 criteria and using a multicriteria decision-making model integrating an analytic network process, entropy and preference-ranking organization method in an intuitional fuzzy environment. Four practical cases are used for model testing and empirical analysis.Graphical Abstract

AbstractSUMOylation regulates various cellular process and SENP1 (SUMO-specific protease 1) serves as a SUMO (small ubiquitin-related modifier) specific protease that participates in the SUMO cycle. Given its extensive influences on metabolic activities, SENP1 has gained more and more attentions in clinical treatments. However, there remains a question on why does the SENP1 prefer to process SUMO1 rather than SUMO2. Here, we performed molecular dynamics simulations of SENP1-SUMO1, SENP1-SUMO2, and apoSENP1 systems and observed distinct conformational dynamics in the upper half of the clamp and the three loops in the catalytic center of the SENP1. Principal component analysis revealed that the most prominent canonical variable represented the spatial distribution of the upper half of the clamp, while the openness of the cleft was closely related to the catalytic ability of SENP1. Further analysis of the SENP1-SUMO interactions revealed that the extensive and strong interactions between the SENP1 and SUMO1 were both in the interface of the upper half region and the catalytic center. Dynamic cross-correlation matrix analysis demonstrated that the inter-residue correlations in the SUMO1 system was much stronger, especially in the two essential regions belonging to the upper and lower half of cleft. Based on these observations, we proposed an allosteric propagation model and further testified it using the community analysis. These results revealed the propagation pathway of allosteric communication that contributed to the substrate discrimination of SENP1 upon SUMO1 and SUMO2.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

ABSTRACT To understand the seismic behaviors of concrete columns confined by corroded stirrups, low-reversed cyclic loading tests were carried out on eight corroded reinforced concrete columns to study their mechanical [...]

Landfast ice plays an important role in atmosphere‒ocean interactions and ecosystems in the near coast area of Antarctica. Understanding the characteristics and variations of landfast ice is crucial to the study of climates and field activities in Antarctic. In this study, a high-resolution thermodynamic snow-ice (HIGHTSI) model was applied to simulate the seasonal changes of landfast ice along the Mawson Coast, East Antarctica, through ERA-Interim reanalysis data. Four ocean heat-flux (Fw) values (10, 15, 20 and 25 W m−2) were used in sensitivity experiments. The results showed that it is reasonable to simulate landfast ice using the HIGHTSI model, and the simulation of landfast ice thickness matched best well with field measurements when Fw was 20 W m−2. Then, 2-D distributions of landfast ice from 2006 to 2018 were modeled by HIGHTSI with 2-D ERA-Interim reanalysis data in a 0.125° × 0.125° cell grid as external forcing. The results showed that fast ice was thicker along the coast and thinner near open water, and usually reaches its maximal thickness in October, varying from 1.2 to 2.0 m through the study area. There was no statistical trend for the thickness during the study period.

The teaching quality between obstetrics/gynecology resident and faculty preceptors in ambulatory gynecology, as determined by medical student evaluation, is compared. The residents and faculty contribute important and different aspects of teaching experiences for medical students in ambulatory gynecology.

Glass‐based mini‐LED has become the development direction of the next generation display technology with its advantages of low cost, low power consumption, high contrast and excellent heat dissipation after mass production. In this paper, in order to improve the reliability of glass‐based direct display mini‐LED, it was sealed with glue, and the moisture permeability of glue and the basic situation of the substrate after sealing were discussed.

In this work, we demonstrate a novel high-power vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) array with highly single-mode (SM) and single-polarized output performance without significantly increasing the intra-cavity loss and threshold current (Ith). By combining a low-loss zinc-diffusion aperture with an electroplated copper substrate, we can obtain a highly SM output (side mode suppression ratio >50dB) with a very narrow divergence angle (1/e^2:∼10^∘) under high output power (3.1 W; 1% duty cycle) and sustain a single polarization state, with a polarization suppression ratio of around 9 dB, under the full range of bias currents. Compared to the reference device without the copper substrate, the demonstrated array can not only switch the output optical spectra from quasi-SM to highly SM but also maintain a close threshold current value (Ith: 0.8 versus 0.7 mA per unit device) and slope efficiency. The enhancement in fundamental mode selectivity of our VCSEL structure can be attributed to the single-polarized lasing mode induced by tensile strain, which is caused by the electroplated copper substrate, as verified by the double-crystal x-ray measurement results.

High-power vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays, which can serve as the light source in modern lidar and three-dimensional optical sensing systems, have recently attracted a lot of attention. In these types of systems, the time-of-flight (ToF) technique, based on the round-trip time of short optical pulses is usually adopted. Further enhancement of the ranging distance and depth resolution in these ToF driven systems by the incorporation of a VCSEL array with a high available power, high brightness (narrow divergence angle), and fast response time is highly desirable. However, a large number of light emission apertures (several hundreds) in the VCSEL array is usually necessary to raise the output power level to several watts. This leads to a large parasitic capacitance and the RC-limited bandwidth may become the dominant limiting factor of the speed of the high-power VCSEL array. In this work, Zn-diffusion and oxide-relief apertures are used to manipulate the optical modes and reduce the parasitic capacitance, respectively, in a unit device for a 940 nm VCSEL array. The demonstrated VCSEL array has a quasi-single-mode output, high available power (4 W; 1% duty cycle), narrow divergence angle (${\sim}{14}^\circ $∼14^∘ at ${{1/e}^2}$1/e^2) under maximum output power, and a fast rise time ($ {\lt} {100}\;{\rm ps}$<100ps). These results open up new possibilities for further enhancing the performance of ToF sensing systems at the 940 nm wavelength.

In this paper, we examine the effect of private tap water reliability on time spent on water collection and total water consumption among urban households in Kathmandu, Nepal. Although the majority of households in Kathmandu are connected to a private tap, they experience intermittent water supply. We link a unique time diary dataset collected between 2014 and 2015 to household water consumption and tap water reliability data. Our empirical analyses demonstrate that improved reliability of private tap water connection (PWC), measured as self-reported reliability and an objective measure of 'probability of getting tap water in the next hour', leads to increased time spent on water collection. Households with more reliable PWC also consume more water overall and from their own taps. Further investigation demonstrates that when private taps became more reliable, households substituted water collected from outside the household, such as water from public taps and public wells, with water from their own private taps. Our results proved robust to additional specification checks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Chen Xiao-Jie, Shanghai, China (retired) CHEN XIAO-JIE, ALSO KNOWN AS JACKSON X.J. CHEN, BEGINS EACH DAY AT 6 A.M. Evenings, he likely can be found poring over electrical engineering [...]

Dual-frequency multi-constellation (DFMC) satellitebased augmentation system (SBAS) does not broadcast fast correction, which is important in reducing range error in L1-only SBAS. Meanwhile, the integrity bound of a satellite at low elevation is so loose that the service availability is decreased near the boundary of the service area. Therefore, the computation of satellite clockephemeris (SCE) augmentation parameters needs improvement. We propose a method introducing SCE prediction to eliminate most of the SCE error resulting from global navigation satellite system GNSS broadcast message. Compared with the signal-inspace (SIS) after applying augmentation parameters broadcast by the wide area augmentation system (WAAS), SIS accuracy after applying augmentation parameters computed by the proposed algorithm is improved and SIS integrity is ensured. With global positioning system (GPS) only, the availability of category-l (CAT-I) with a vertical alert level of 15 m in continental United States is about 90%, while the availability in the other part of the WAAS service area is markedly improved. With measurements made by the stations from the crustal movement observation network of China, users in some part of China can obtain CAT-I (vertical alert limit is 15 m) service with GPS and global navigation satellite system (GLONASS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The photons generated by the electron avalanche in gaseous detectors are known as the secondary scintillation light, of which the spectrum range is from ultraviolet to visible. So it is possible to collect directly the avalanche-induced photons in visible range by light sensors, such as charged-couple device (CCD). The optical readout is a new method for 2-D imaging of high spatial resolution based on the micro-pattern gaseous detectors (MPGDs). The traditional charge readout method for the MPGDs is complicated, expensive, and strongly depends on the technology of application-specific integrated circuit. In some cases, for example, low-frame-rate 2-D imaging, the optical readout has more advantages, such as simple, cheap and easy to use. Therefore, a gaseous detector was developed based on the thick gaseous electron multiplier (THGEM) and the ordinary scientific CCD camera as readout to realize the X-ray imaging instead of charge readout. The THGEMs with $$60\times 60\,\hbox {mm}^2$$ 60×60mm2 sensitive area were developed to reach high gain, and the $$\hbox {Ar} + \hbox {CF}_4$$ Ar+CF4 gas mixture was chosen for strong light emission. And so a general scientific CCD can be used for readout and replacing the intensified CCD, which is more expensive than general CCD. Some clear X-ray images were obtained by this optical readout THGEM detector, and the spatial resolution achieved is $$275\,\upmu \hbox {m}$$ 275μm . It is indicated that this kind of detectors have promising imaging capability and great potential for practical application.

Objective. To examine short-term changes in perceived barriers to access to primary care before and after implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) among adults in the United States of America. Methods. The ACA was approved in 2010. We used the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) for the years 2011-2014 to compare the main reported problems in accessing primary care among adult respondents in 2011-2013 (before implementation of mandatory ACA health insurance for individuals) and in 2014 (after that implementation). A multivariate logistic stepwise regression analysis was used to identify trends with primary care barriers. Results. We found that from 2010 through 2014, individuals were progressively less likely to report challenges to accessing care, such as having trouble finding a provider, getting accepted as new patients, and health care providers not accepting their health insurance. In addition, adults were less likely to report inconveniences linked to waiting times for an appointment and with provider's office hours. Conclusions. Informing policymakers, providers, and system administrators about the short-term changes in perceived barriers to care offers a baseline for evaluating policies and programs linked to implementing the ACA, as well as assessing how prepared primary care networks were for the influx of newly insured patients. Nevertheless, the abolition of the ACA health insurance mandate through legislation approved in December 2017 has put into question whether patients' perceptions of improved access to care will be sustained in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clinical trials examining the therapeutic benefit of modafinil in MS fatigue provide conflicting data. The goal of this study was to systematically evaluate the efficacy of modafinil using a meta-analytic method.

In order to study the effect of water cement ratio on the damage degree of concrete at different stress levels, the acoustic and acousto-ultrasonic characteristics of concrete with different water cement ratio under multi-stage loading were analyzed. It was concluded that with the increase of the damage degree of concrete, the damage variable and the third harmonic ratio increased, while the acousto-ultrasonic velocity and acousto-ultrasonic energy decreased. Among them, the third harmonic ratio was the most sensitive parameter affecting the damage degree. The compressive strength of concrete decreased with the increase of water cement ratio, and they were linearly related. Furthermore, with the increase of the stress level or the increase of the water cement ratio, the damage of concrete occurred during the holding period increased.

This paper deals with the problem of the optimal fault detection (FD) for linear discrete time-varying (LDTV) systems with delayed state and Z2-norm bounded unknown input. The novelty lies in the designing of an evaluation function for the robust FD. The basic idea is to directly construct an evaluation function by using a weighted l 2-norm of the measurement output, which achieves an optimal trade-off between the sensitivity to fault and the robustness to /2 -norm bounded unknown input. To avoid complex computation, a feasible solution is obtained via the recursive computation by applying the orthogonal projection. It is shown that such an evaluation function provides a unified scheme for both the cases of unknown input being Z2-norm bounded and jointly normal distribution, while a threshold may be chosen based on a priori knowledge of unknown input. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) technique was applied to irradiate the surface of mono-crystalline silicon wafers. Surface microstructures of the irradiated surface were investigated in detail by atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The experimental results show that HCPEB irradiation with energy density 4 J/cm2caused evaporation of the irradiated surface. Subsequently, the evaporation Si-droplets was deposited to form Si-nanoparticles on the surface. Meanwhile, the structures of intensive plastic deformation were also introduced within the irradiated surface layer. The dislocation configurations with rectangular and approximate hexagonal network were formed on the surface of Si wafer after 5-pulsed irradiation. The periodic self-deposited structures appear to be related to the configuration of regular dislocations arrays, which were favorable locations for the deposited Si-nanoparticles.

In order to study the uniaxial tensile damage characteristics of steel fiber reinforced concrete at medium loading rate, tests at different steel fiber contents up to 1.5 % are performed and the acoustic emission wavelet energy spectrum is analyzed. Within the 20 to 40 kHz band, the peak frequency decreases with the increase of the steel fiber content at all damage stages. The peak frequency is affected by the size and the number of cracks, while the latter has a stronger effect. With the accumulation of damage, the amplitude and the energy of the waveform increase, the energy proportion in the low frequency bands also shows the same trend, but the peak frequency decreases. Thus, a nondestructive means for identifying the damage stage is provided.

This paper addresses a UAV path planning problem for a team of cooperating heterogeneous vehicles composed of one unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and multiple unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs). The UGVs are used as mobile actuators while the UAV serves as a messenger to achieve information sharing among the UGVs. The UAV needs to fly over each UGV periodically to collect the information and then transmit the information to the other UGVs. The UAV path planning problem with messenger mechanism is formulated as a Dynamic Dubins Traveling Salesman Problem with Neighborhood (DDTSPN). The goal of this problem is to find the shortest route enabling the UAV to deliver information to all requested UGVs. When solving this path planning problem, a decoupling strategy is introduced to sequentially determine the access sequence of UGVs for UAV and the access location of UAV in the communication neighborhood of each UGV. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is corroborated through computational experiments on several randomly generated instances.

•The early death rate of APL patients decreased over time with the introduction of ATO.•Overall and disease-free survival improved remarkably over the last three decades in the real world.•Clinical and molecular features including age, higher WBC count, and NRASmutations can complement the widely-used Sanz risk stratification.•The revised risk stratification could identify a subset of “super” high-risk APL patients in the ATRA plus ATO era.

We theoretically investigate one-dimensional three-component spin-orbit-coupled Fermi gases in the presence of the Zeeman field. By solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations, we obtain the phase diagram at a given chemical potential and order parameter. We show that, with increasing the intensity of the Zeeman field, in addition to undergoing a phase transition from Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superfluid to topological superfluid, similar to the two-component system, the three-component system may exhibit some other interesting topological phase transitions. For example, by appropriately adjusting the chemical potential ß, the system can be in a nontrivial topological superfluid in the whole region of the Zeeman field h. It also may initially be a topological superfluid and then translate to a topologically trivial BCS superfluid with increasing the field h. Even more exotically, the system may exhibit a re-entrance behavior, being a topological superfluid at small and large fields but a topologically trivial BCS superfluid in between at a mediate Zeeman field. It can therefore have two regions with zero-energy Majorana fermions. As a consequence of these interesting topological phase transitions, the system of the three-component spin-orbit-coupled Fermi gases in a certain parameter range is more optimizing for the experimental realization of the topological phase due to the smaller magnetic field needed. Thus, a promising candidate for the realization of the topological phase is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the subway movement the stability of current collection is extremely important. Using experiment system of the pantograph current collection to simulate the vehicle running in different speed can be used to analyze the condition of contact pressure, the current collection quality, the disconnection frequency under varies speed conditions and bring up the method to reduce the disconnection occurred. The results of the study have the positive significance in researching the characteristics of pantograph-catenary disconnection parameters when the vehicle running, and have certain reference value in analyzing mechanism of pantograph-catenary disconnection.

The direct electrochemical reduction of solid titanium dioxide (TiO2) is conducted in [BMIM]BF4-CaCl2 ionic liquid (IL) at 100 °C using sintered TiO2 as cathode and graphite rod as anode at an electrolysis potential of 3.2 V. Cyclic voltammetry is used to investigate the mechanism and feasibility of the direct electrochemical reduction of solid TiO2 in [BMIM]BF4-CaCl2 IL at 100 °C. The surface morphologies of the cathode are examined by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. The crystal phase structure of the cathode is examined using a D8 Advance X-ray diffractometer(XRD). The results indicate that the direct electrochemical reduction of solid TiO2 in [BMIM]BF4-CaCl2 IL is feasible. A significant increase in conductivity is obtained by doping graphite into the cathode, thereby enhancing deoxidation. TiO2 reduction is conducted step by step, from outside to inside, and from high to low valence variation.

From the perspective of interruptible load participating in the standby system, this paper studies the interruptible load in capacity vacancy. Taking account of the constraints of generator, the capacity the users can provide and the IL compensation price, taking minimized the total cost of the purchasing of interruptible load and network loss as the objective function, the paper establishes a optimization model with interruptible load participating in spare capacity. Matlab program is used to calculate network loss. Through a two-node and five-bus system, interruptible Load optimization dispatch is solved, of course considering the network loss. Introduction

The fundamental principle and kinetic models of biomass pyrolysis are introduced, and the progress of studies on dynamic models for biomass pyrolysis is summarized in this paper in order to provide the theoretical basis for the development of biomass pyrolysis.

ZnO nanorods were obtained by hydrothermal method using Zn (NO3)2 and N4(CH2)6 as raw materials, crystalline nanoplate ZnO grew on the columnar facets of the primary ZnO rods when citrate was introduced in the reaction system. The crystalling phase of ZnO particle was characterized by X-ray diffraction, the morphology was observed by SEM, the structure was indicated by FTIR. The result showed that the average nanoparticle diameter of ZnO was around 60 nm. Through the photocatalytic degradation of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) in aqueous solution under the illumination of UV light, nanoplate ZnO displayed high photocatalytic activity, the degradation efficiency was rising to 87.8% at 60 min illumination time.

The precision plug tray seeder is mainly used to implement precision seeding, and it is the key equipment to accomplish the goal of mechanized and automated seedling in the greenhouse. The plug seedlings planter can greatly improve the productivity of labor and reduce labor intensity at the same time. The seed metering device is the core component of precision plug tray planter. Its performance directly influences the production, the sowing quality and the cost. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the study of the plug seedlings planter for domestic and abroad, and particularly Introduce three typical seeder (plate-typeneedle-likeroller-type). Keywords:Seeder;Seed Metering Device;Plug Seedlings;Greenhouse.

An adaptive unscented Kalman filter (AUKF) and an augmented state method are employed to estimate the time-varying parameters and states of a kind of nonlinear high-speed objects. A strong tracking filter is employed to improve the tracking ability and robustness of unscented Kalman filter (UKF) when the process noise is inaccuracy, and wavelet transform is used to improve the estimate accuracy by the variance of measurement noise. An augmented square-root framework is utilized to improve the numerical stability and accuracy of UKF. Monte Carlo simulations and applications in the rapid trajectory estimation of hypersonic artillery shells confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, evolution of switching oxide traps (SOTs) in the HfO2/TiN gate stack is examined under positive- and negative-bias temperature (PBT and NBT, respectively) stress. Charging and discharging of SOTs were sensed by repetitive stress/ relaxation cycling and the discharging of SOTs was quantified based on the extent of the threshold voltage shift recovery after a fixed relaxation interval. For both the PBT and NBT stress at a low oxide field (~5.5 MV/cm), the quantity of SOTs discharged is observed to be approximately constant, independent of the number of stress/relaxation cycles. At a higher oxide stress field (~7 MV/cm), however, the quantity of SOTs discharged is seen to decrease progressively with the number of stress/relaxation cycles. This observation implies that a part of the SOTs which can be discharged in earlier relaxation phases is no longer able to do so as the stress progresses. The reduction in recovery points to an increase of the emission times of the trapped charge arising probably from structural changes at the oxide defect sites. Although the evolution of SOTs under both stresses is broadly similar, differences are observed from the opposite gate-polarity relaxation study and stress-induced leakage current measurement. First-principles simulation shows that a defect model based on the oxygen vacancy alone could not explain the differences observed. An extended model involving both the oxygen vacancy and vacancy-interstitial defects is shown to be able to explain the similarities as well as differences observed under PBT and NBT stresses.

In order to ensure accuracy of positioning rescue drilling, studied over technical basis required for precise drilling location and confirmation method for locating of finished underground drill-hole and surface drilling hole. Put forward the technical basis for formulating drilling-positioning scheme, Discussed underground finishing drilling of hole positioned by synthesis method and surface drilling center determined by total station with GPS RTK and give demonstrates with cases. Related studies indicated that mutual verification with two or more methods above are key measures to ensure positioning accuracy.

Novel Gemini surfactants containing amide group linkage were prepared with fatty acid, diamine and dihalide by simple organic reaction, and characterized with IR, and elemental analysis (EA). As the results show, the structures of the products obtained correspond to the target compounds designed. By surface tension scanning, these Gemini surfactants have excellent surface activity with low c.m.c. and surface tension, the lowest c.m.c value was 9.12 × 10-6mol/L for surfactant Bi-18(4).

The isosteric heat of adsorption was used to study the interaction between hydrogen molecules and the Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs). Characterizations of the MWCNTs sample were carried out based on the N2 adsorption isotherm at 77 K and the images from TEM and HRTEM. Step by step method was used to volumetrically measure hydrogen adsorption isotherms at equilibrium temperature-pressures from 123-310 K and 0-12.3 MPa. Isosteric heats of adsorption at seven excess adsorption amounts and that at zero surface loading were respectively determined by the slopes of the adsorption isosteres and the plot of the temperature dependence of the Henry’s constants. Results show that the limit of the isosteric heat of adsorption at zero surface loading is about and the mean under the experimental condition is about . The values are in the same grade as those of hydrogen on the activated coconut charcoal but smaller than those of hydrogen on the graphitized carbon black P33, the activated carbon AX-21 and the Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs). Conclusions are drawn that relatively lower adsorption amounts and the isosteric heat of hydrogen adsorption on the MWCNTs could be ascribed to the small specific surface area and the large mesopores.

For developing carbon based adsorbents for hydrogen storage, Staram PCTPro E&E was employed and activated carbon SAC-02 having specific surface area about 2074m2/g was selected to measure isotherms of hydrogen adsorption respectively from temperature range 77.15K-110.15K and 253.15K-293.15K. Isosteres of hydrogen adsorption on the activated carbon was then plotted to determine the isosteric heat of hydrogen adsorption, and temperature dependent of Henry law constants were further applied to set the limit isosteric heat of adsorption at zero surface coverage. Results show that the isosteric heat of adsorption is about 3.6-5.4kJ/mol with a mean value 4.38kJ/mol at zero surface coverage. Results also reveal that adsorption isosteres of adsorption data at different temperature regions bring about a different isosteric heat of adsorption due to the variation in contributions from thermal motion of adsorbate molecules. Conclusions are drawn that adsorption isosteres on the adsorption data in correspondence with the lowest and highest temperatures of the hydrogen storage system should be carried out to determine the isosteric heat of adsorption for effectively managing the thermal effect.

An implementation of adaptive filtering, composed of an unsupervised adaptive filter (UAF), a multi-step forward linear predictor (FLP), and an unsupervised multi-step adaptive predictor (UMAP), is built for suppressing impulsive noise in unknown circumstances. This filtering scheme, called unsupervised robust adaptive filter (URAF), possesses a switching structure, which ensures the robustness against impulsive noise. The FLP is used to detect the possible impulsive noise added to the signal. If the signal is "impulse-free", the filter UAF can estimate the clean signal. If there exists impulsive noise, the impulse corrupted samples are replaced by predicted ones from the FLP, and then the UMAP estimates the clean signal. Both the simulation and experimental results show that the URAF has a better rate of convergence than the most recent universal filter, and is effective to restrict large disturbance like impulsive noise when the universal filter fails. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a non-fragile controller design method based on system quadratic performance optimization. For the additive controller gain variations, the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of non-fragile state feedback controller are given and transformed to the LMI problems, which simplifies the solutions to obtain non-fragile state feedback controllers. The flight control simulation results prove the reliability and validity of the method.

The flow behavior and associated structural changes of an AZ61 Mg alloy were analyzed by using hot compression tests in the temperature and strain rate ranges of 250–400 °C and 0.001 to 1 s–1, respectively. The stress–strain curves exhibited the trend typical of materials in which deformation is recovery-controlled in the high Z regime (Z is the Zener–Hollomon parameter), while at low strain rates and high T, the flow curves exhibited a softening typical of recrystallization phenomena. Microstructure analysis has been performed to correlate the microstructure changes to the flow behaviors.

Ca3Co4O9 and Ca3-xSmxCo4O9 powders were prepared by sol-gel process. The Ca-Co-O thermoelectric material ceramics were prepared. The ceramics materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The microstructure and thermoelectric properties of ceramics were researched. The results indicate that the crystal of Ca3-xSmxCo4O9 with Sm adding growth ideally, the material had high density and low pore rate. The Ca3-xSmxCo4O9 ceramics contain directional array plate-shaped grains with layered structure. The thermoelectric properties of Ca3-xSmxCo4O ceramics were excellent. There were high Seebeck coefficient and high electrical conductivity for Ca3-xSmxCo4O9 ceramics. The power factor increased with temperature increasing.

Abstract: The paper proposes a multi-input-multi-output internal model control (MIMO IMC) based on combined brake and front wheel active steering (Brake-FAS) for vehicle stability control and makes comparisons with the four wheel steering internal model control (4WS IMC). Brake control would change vehicle velocity which will make the vehicle control model nonlinear. To solve the nonlinearity involved in the Brake-FAS, an inverse system method is introduced to turn the nonlinear internal vehicle model into a pseudo-linear system, and then the design of main IMC controller and related filters is discussed in details. Comparisons of the Brake-FAS IMC and 4WS IMC were done on the basis of simulations which were composed of different combinations of driving maneuvers and road conditions in Simulink where an 11DOF vehicle model verified by CarSim7 was built.

The cermets were prepared for aluminum electrolysis as inert anode. The microstructure of cermets inter anode was dense , the crystal of cermets growth ideally. The electric conductivity was stable and good, had the electric conductivity property of the semiconductor. The conductivity increased with temperature increasing. Electrolysis was conducted 12h at 850℃ in cryolite molten salt(CR=2.0, Al2O3 comtent 5.0% ), and the anodic current density was 1.0 A/cm2.The results showed that the cermets inert anode had high anti-oxidation, corrosion resistance and high conductivity. The back electromotive force was 2.45V, the decomposition voltage was 2.18V, the conductivity at 850℃ was 47S/cm, the annual corrosion rate was 23.68 mm/year.