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Removing CO2gas to address the global climate crisis is one of the most urgent agendas. To improve the CO2adsorption ability of activated carbon, nitrogen plasma surface treatment was conducted. The effect of nitrogen plasma treatment on the surface chemistry and pore geometry of activated carbon was extensively analyzed. The porosity and surface groups of the activated carbon varied with the plasma treatment time. By plasma treatment for a few minutes, the microporosity and surface functionality could be simultaneously controlled. The changed microporosity and nitrogen groups affected the CO2adsorption capacity and CO2adsorption selectivity over N2. This simultaneous surface etching and functionalization effect could be achieved with a short operating time and low energy consumption.

In this study, we investigate the opportunity of using waste tire char as a cathode material for lithium-ion primary batteries (LPBs). The char obtained by carbonizing waste tires was washed with acid and thermally fluorinated to produce CFX. The structural and chemical properties of the char and CFXwere analyzed to evaluate the effect of thermal fluorination. The carbon structure of the char was increasingly converted to CFXstructure as the fluorination temperature increased. In addition, the manufactured CFX-based LPBs were evaluated through electrochemical analysis. The discharge capacity of the CFXreached a maximum of 800 mAh/g, which is comparable to that of CFX-based LPBs manufactured from other carbon sources. On the basis of these results, the use of waste tire char-based CFXas a cathode material for LPBs is presented as a new opportunity in the field of waste tire recycling.

The effects of different plasma agent species (CF4, N2) over the conductivity of CFXcathode material were identified. Both plasma treatments have surface etching effect, while the CF4plasma treatment has C–F bond modification effect and the N2plasma treatment has defluorination effect. The changes of surface chemical species and porosity along the plasma agent were elucidated. Moreover, the electrochemical properties of plasma-treated CFXconfirmed the effects of plasma treatments. The charge-transfer resistance of plasma-treated CFXwas maximum 60.3% reduced than the pristine CFX. The effects of surface chemical modification coupled with etching along the plasma gas agents were compared and identified with their reaction mechanisms.

In this study, microporous activated carbon was produced from jellyfish-based biomass to capture carbon dioxide (CO2), toward addressing one of the biggest modern problems. The surface functional groups and porosity of activated carbon derived from jellyfish were investigated according to the activation conditions. It was confirmed that the jellyfish-based porous carbon prepared by NaOH activation comprised many micropores that facilitated CO2adsorption under the influence of Na and P present in the microstructure of the jellyfish. In addition, the JFBC-based activated carbon had surface functional groups such as nitrogen, calcium, and magnesium, which facilitated CO2. The jellyfish-based activated carbon shows very excellent CO2adsorption capacity (9.52 mmol/g and 5.18 mmol/g at 273 K and 298 K, respectively) compared to activated carbon prepared from porous carbon-based adsorbents for CO2capture. This performance is attributed to the microstructure and various heteroatoms of the jellyfish biochar. Therefore, this study may provide insight into new biomass with competitive adsorption power and without requiring complicated manufacturing steps.