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The exploration of prospective versatile materials with desired morphology for energy storage applications has been reckoned to be a foremost challenge for researchers of the era. In this study, the metal sulfides and their composite with N-rGO are synthesized by facile hydrothermal approach. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the sample having cubic phase confirms its high crystallinity and purity. Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) depicts utterly the constituent elements and states. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Transmission electron microscope (TEM) portray porous-type morphology with a high surface area.I-V measurements ensure the high conductivity of these composites whereas Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) displays the presence of the vibrational bonds. Zeta potential of BaS is determined to be moderately negative, suggesting the existence of negatively charged entities on its surface. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) corroborates that N-rGO based composite contains a mesoporous structure with an average pore size (2.01 nm) elongated the large surface area (82.21 m2/g). The thermal stability of the composite is envisioned via Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). So far as the electrochemical analysis, CV results are much enough to affirm the pseudocapacitive nature of all the fabricated electrodes. An impressive cyclic stability, retaining 98.1 % of its initial capacitance over 10000th cycles is determined through N-rGO based electrode. GCD test unveils exceptional Cs of 913.34 F/g at 1 A/g with Energy density (Ed) 62.106 Wh/kg and Power density (Pd) 2896.47 W/kg and EIS provides valuable insights, showing a small semi-circle in the Nyquist plot, which indicates low charge transfer resistance. The results from the two-electrode experiment indicate that BaS/N-rGO has a specific capacitance (Cs) of 533.96 F/g at 1 A/g. Finally, our symmetrical solid-state supercapacitors exhibit exceptional capacitive performance to power LED. These results confidently indicate that the incorporation of N-rGO with metal sulfides presents promising prospects for the next-generation supercapacitor electrodes to excel the energy storage technological applications.

At the Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Institute (IMTI), National Research Council Canada, research in laser material processing has been underway for more than a decade. Topics being investigated include the development of laser welding, cutting, and drilling applications, surface modification techniques, laser depth controlled machining, stereolithography (SLA), and selective laser sintering (SLS). This paper reviews the activities in laser surface modification and laser depth controlled machining of ceramics.

Laser machining techniques for ceramics are reviewed. The effect of laser characteristics on ceramics is examined and suggestions are given on the direction of future research.