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LDH activity in gastric juice was high in all cases of carcinoma of the stomach investigated provided that the pH of the resting gastric juice was above 5·0. No LDH activity could be detected in gastric aspirate, whether from patients with carcinoma of the stomach or not, when the pH of the resting juice was below 5·0. LDH activity in gastric juice is rapidly and irreversibly inactivated by hydrochloric acid at a pH of 4·5 to 5·0.

Continuous-motion imaging provides a method for the rapid quantitative analysis of slide-mounted cell preparations. Densitometric and morphometric cellular features can be measured and used to classify individual cells. Tests on the densitometric accuracy of the cervifip CMI system show a c.v. of 6.5% for diploid mouse hepatocytes and a measuring rate of up to 500 cells/sec. CMI is particularly useful for problems requiring the interactive analysis of rare cell types and for the measurement of morphological and densitometric characteristics of cell populations. Typical applications include the prescreening of cervical cytology specimens and the detection of rare autoradiographically labeled lymphocytes.

OBJECTIVE--To collect information from children and young people about their knowledge of and attitudes towards cancer and their understanding of health and health related behaviours to inform future health promotion work. DESIGN--Questionnaire survey of 15-16 year olds, and interviews with play materials with 9-10 year old children. SETTING--Six inner city, suburban, and rural schools. SUBJECTS--226 children aged 15-16 years and 100 aged 9-10 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Knowledge about different types of cancer; beliefs about health; sources of information; quality of research data obtainable from young children about cancer and health. RESULTS--Both samples knew most about lung cancer, but there was also some knowledge of breast and skin cancer and leukaemia. Smoking, together with pollution and other environmental factors, were seen as the dominant causes of cancer. Environmental factors were mentioned more often by the inner city samples. Television and the media were the most important sources of information. Young people were more worried about unemployment than about ill health. More than half the young people did not describe their health as good, and most said they did not have a healthy lifestyle. Children were able to provide detailed information about their knowledge and understanding by using drawings as well as interviews. CONCLUSIONS--Children and young people possess considerable knowledge about cancer, especially about lung cancer and smoking, and show considerable awareness of predominant health education messages. Despite this knowledge, many lead less than healthy lifestyles. Health is not seen as the most important goal in life by many young people; the circumstances in which many children and young people live are not experienced as health promoting.

Quantitative deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis of cervical biopsy material from 32 women with cytologic, colposcopic, and histologic evidence of mild cervical atypia consistent with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia I, reactive atypia, or human papillomavirus infection was carried out using flow cytometry and Feulgen microspectrophotometry. Evidence of aneuploidy, ie, neoplastic transformation, was demonstrated in all cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia I and 68 of cases with human papillomavirus-induced atypia. These results support the growing impression that human papillomavirus-induced cervical atypia should be regarded as a true precursor of cervical neoplasia, and emphasize the necessity to refer patients with mild atypia for definitive diagnosis and management.