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Different degrees of malignancy of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) correspond to dissimilar therapies, and the prediction of malignancy of kidney cancer based on tumor size is still not fully studied.

We use the Insight-HXMT data collected during the 2019 outburst from X-ray pulsar 4U 1901+03 to complement the orbital parameters reported by Fermi/GBM. Using the Insight-HXMT, we examine the correlation between the derivative of the intrinsic spin frequency and bolometric flux based on accretion torque models. It was found that the pulse profiles significantly evolve during the outburst. The existence of two types of the profile's pattern discovered in the Insight-HXMT data indicates that this source experienced transition between a super-critical and a sub-critical accretion regimes during its 2019 outburst. Based on the evolution of the pulse profiles and the torque model, we derive the distance to 4U 1901+03 as 12.4±0.2kpc.

We study the 2018 outburst of Aql X-1 via the monitor of all sky X-ray image (MAXI) data. We show that the outburst starting in February 2018 is a member of short-lowclass in the frame of outburst duration and the peak count rate although the outburst morphology is slightly different from the other fast-rise-exponential-decay (FRED) type outbursts with a milder rising stage. We study the partial accretion in the weak propeller stage of Aql X-1 via the MAXI data of the 2018 outburst. We report on the spectral analysis of 3 observations of Aquila X-1 obtained by Insight – hard X-ray modulation telescope (Insight-HXMT) during the late decay stage of the 2018 outburst. We discuss that the data taken by Insight-HXMT is just after the transition to the weak propeller stage. Our analysis shows the necessity of a comptonization component to take into account the existence of an electron cloud resulting photons partly up-scattered.

We present a detailed timing study of the brightest persistent X-ray source Sco X-1 using the data collected by the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (Insight-HXMT) from July 2017 to August 2018. A complete Z-track hardness-intensity diagram (HID) is obtained. The normal branch oscillations (NBOs) at ∼ 6 Hz in the lower part of the normal branch (NB) and the flare branch oscillations (FBOs) at ∼ 16 Hz in the beginning part of the flaring branch (FB) are found in observations with the Low Energy X-ray Telescope (LE) and the Medium Energy X-ray Telescope (ME) of Insight-HXMT, while the horizontal branch oscillations (HBOs) at ∼ 40 Hz and the kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations (kHz QPOs) at ∼ 800 Hz are found simultaneously above 20 keV for the first time on the horizontal branch (HB) by the High Energy X-ray Telescope (HE) and ME. We find that for all types of the observed QPOs, the centroid frequencies are independent of energy, while the root mean square (rms) increases with energy; the centroid frequencies of both the HBOs and kHz QPOs increase along the Z-track from the top to the bottom of the HB; and the NBOs show soft phase lags increasing with energy. A continuous QPO transition from the FB to NB in ∼ 200 s are also detected. Our results indicate that the non-thermal emission is the origin of all types of QPOs, the innermost region of the accretion disk is non-thermal in nature, and the corona is nonhomogeneous geometrically.

A new black hole X-ray binary (BHXRB) MAXI J1535-571 was discovered by MAXI during its outburst in 2017. Using observations taken by the first Chinese X-ray satellite, the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (dubbed as Insight-HXMT), we perform a joint spectral analysis (2-150 keV) in both energy and time domains. The energy spectra provide the essential input for probing the intrinsic Quasi-Periodic Oscillation (QPO) fractional rms spectra (FRS). Our results show that during the intermediate state, the energy spectra are in general consistent with those reported by Swift/XRT and NuSTAR. However, the QPO FRS become harder and the FRS residuals may suggest the presence of either an additional power-law component in the energy spectrum or a turn-over in the intrinsic QPO FRS at high energies.

The evidences for the influence of thermonuclear (type-I) X-ray bursts upon the surrounding environments in neutron star low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXB) were detected previously via spectral and timing analyses. Benefitting from a broad energy coverage of Insight-HXMT, we analyze one photospheric radius expansion (PRE) burst, and find an emission excess at soft X-rays. Our spectral analysis shows that, such an excess is not likely relevant to the disk reflection induced by the burst emission and can be attributed to an enhanced pre-burst/persistent emission. We find that the burst and enhanced persistent emissions sum up to exceed Eddington luminosity by ∼ 40 percentages. We speculate that the enhanced emission is from a region beyond the PRE radius, or through the Comptonization of the corona.

The long-term evolution of the centroid energy of the CRSF in Her X-1 is still a mystery. We report a new measurement from a campaign between Insight-HXMT and NuSTARperformed in February 2018. Generally, the two satellites show well consistent results of timing and spectral properties. The joint spectral analysis confirms that the previously observed long decay phase has ended, and that the line energy instead keeps constant around 37.5keV after flux correction.

Background:: Physician practices that offer ancillary medical services may refer their patients for such services, a process known as self-referral. We wanted to evaluate how utilization and cost of care differ for men diagnosed with prostate cancer in a self-referral practice (SRP) compared to a traditional urologic practice. Methods:: A total of 17 982 men aged 66 years and older diagnosed with localized prostate cancer from 2006 to 2009 were identified from the Texas Cancer Registry. A total of 13 SRPs in the state of Texas were evaluated. We used multilevel logistic regression models that evaluated the odds of receiving a specific type of treatment. Results:: Men diagnosed in SRPs were more likely to receive upfront treatment (vs watchful waiting/active surveillance) than men diagnosed by traditional practices (92.7% vs 89%; adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.30–2.00; P<0.001) and were more likely to be treated with external beam radiation (47.4% vs 34.1%; AOR 1.59, 95% CI 1.37–1.84; P<0.001). This persisted for both favorable and unfavorable risk cancer. Median annual prostate cancer care cost was $2460 (95% CI $1663–$3368) higher for men diagnosed by SRPs. Limitations include data limited to men aged 65 years or older and geographic concentration of SRPs in Texas may not depict nationwide patterns. Conclusions:: Older men diagnosed with prostate cancer in SRPs are more likely to undergo upfront treatment and to receive radiation treatment. This may increase appropriate treatment of unfavorable disease but contribute to overtreatment of favorable disease.

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) comprise a heterogeneous group of mature T-cell neoplasms with a poor prognosis. Recently, mutations in TET2 and other epigenetic modifiers as well as RHOA have been identified in these diseases, particularly in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). CD28 is the major co-stimulatory receptor in T cells which, upon binding ligand, induces sustained T-cell proliferation and cytokine production when combined with T-cell receptor stimulation. We have identified recurrent mutations in CD28 in PTCLs. Two residues—D124 and T195—were recurrently mutated in 11.3% of cases of AITL and in one case of PTCL, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS). Surface plasmon resonance analysis of mutations at these residues with predicted differential partner interactions showed increased affinity for ligand CD86 (residue D124) and increased affinity for intracellular adaptor proteins GRB2 and GADS/GRAP2 (residue T195). Molecular modeling studies on each of these mutations suggested how these mutants result in increased affinities. We found increased transcription of the CD28-responsive genes CD226and TNFAin cells expressing the T195P mutant in response to CD3 and CD86 co-stimulation and increased downstream activation of NF-?B by both D124V and T195P mutants, suggesting a potential therapeutic target in CD28-mutated PTCLs.

We evaluated patterns of tumor progression in patients with recurrent glioblastoma who were treated with bevacizumab (BEV) alone or in combination with irinotecan (CPT-11) while participating in the BRAIN study.

Ten new sesquiterpenoids, namely, eupachinilides A−J (1−10), together with seven known sesquiterpenoids, eupachifolin D (11), budlein B (12), 8β-(4‘-hydroxytiglyloxy)-2β-hydroxy-1αH,5αH,6βH,7αH-guai-3,10(14),11(13)-trien-6,12-olide (13), 1,10-hydrobahia (14), 2α-hydroxyeupatolide (15), eupaserrin (16), and mollisorin B (17), were isolated from the whole plant of Eupatorium chinense. Their structures were elucidated mainly by spectral methods, especially 2D NMR techniques. Eupachinilides A (1), E (5), F (6), and I (9) exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities against several tumor cell lines. The structures assigned previously for eupachifolins B (11a), C (13a), and D (11) were revised by spectral analysis and 2D NMR techniques.

The nutritional effect of vitamin E in dietsfor Litopenaeus vannameipostlarve (PL19)was investigated. Four formulated diets withdifferent combinations of α-tocopherylacetate (α-TA), ascorbic acid (AA) andhighly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) weretested, using four replicates. No significant differences in survival wereobserved among treatments after 34 days offeeding. However, shrimp fed with a dietcontaining 2% fish oil (low n-3 HUFA content),200 mg.kg−1α-TA and100 mg.kg−1AA (diet H/E/C) showedsignificantly better growth than those fed adiet supplemented with 5% fish oil (high n-3HUFA content), 200 mg.kg−1α-TA and100 mg.kg−1AA (diet H+/E/C). Shrimp fedwith a diet containing 5% fish oil,900 mg.kg−1α-TA and100 mg.kg−1AA (diet H+/E+/C) showed a significantly higher tissue level of n-6 PUFAthan postlarvae fed diet H+/E/C. No definiteconclusion could be drawn about a possibleinteraction between α-TA and AA, since acomparison of the diet containing 5% fish oil,200 mg.kg−1α-TA and700 mg.kg−1AA (H+/E+/C+) and the dietH+/E/C did not show any significant differencesin any of the measured parameters. Theantioxidative status of the shrimp tissue(measured by means of the thiobarbituric acid(TBA) assay and expressed as nM malonaldehyde(MA) per gramme dry weight) was equal for alltreatments. Nevertheless, there was a slightlylower MA value with the diet H+/E/C+,indicating that AA may be an effectiveantioxidant in the aqueous phase and at thewater/lipid interface of the tissue. The tissuelevels of α-T and AA were highlydependent on the amounts in diets and nocorrelation between α-T and AAincorporation could be observed.

MoO3/Al2O3 is reduced at least partly by sulfur which is formed from H2S in sulfidation with H2S/N2 mixture. SO2 formation during TPD of MoO3/Al2O3 with presorbed H2S provides evidence for the explanation.

This paper reports the basic idea of so-called APP-Filler Master Batch (APP-FMB) Technique developed by our cooperative group and used widely in the plastics industry of China. The rheological aspects of this technique are addressed. Systematic research works on the rheological behaviour and the morphology of a series of filled and blended polymers fabricated by APP-FMB Tech. are made, including different combinations of various APP treated particles (calcium carbonate, sponites, red mud, wood flour, etc.) and polymers (PP, PVC, rubbers). It is found that filler particles are well dressed with APP in the filled and blended systems, and it is very effective to improve the processing properties. It is of great industrial significance that the observed viscosity for all filled polymer systems mentioned previously is not sensitive to the filler concentration. Our capillary rheometry data fit a modified Cassons's model pretty well.

GRO J1008-57, as a Be/X-ray transient pulsar, is considered to have the highest magnetic field in known neutron star X-ray binary systems. Observational data of the X-ray outbursts in GRO J1008-57 from 2017 to 2020 were collected by the Insight-HXMT satellite. In this work, the spin period of the neutron star in GRO J1008-57 was determined to be about 93.28 seconds in August 2017, 93.22 seconds in February 2018, 93.25 seconds in June 2019 and 93.14 seconds in June 2020. GRO J1008-57 evolved in the spin-up process with a mean rate of −(2.10±0.05)×10−4s/d from 2009 – 2018, and turned into a spin down process with a rate of (6.7±0.6)×10−5s/d from Feb 2018 to June 2019. During the type II outburst of 2020, GRO J1008-57 had the spin-up torque again. During the torque reversals, the pulse profiles and continuum X-ray spectra did not change significantly, and the cyclotron resonant scattering feature around 80 keV was only detected during the outbursts in 2017 and 2020. Based on the observed mean spin-up rate, we estimated the inner accretion disk radius in GRO J1008-57 (about 1 - 2 times of the Alfvén radius) by comparing different accretion torque models of magnetic neutron stars. During the spin-down process, the magnetic torque should dominate over the matter accreting inflow torque, and we constrained the surface dipole magnetic field B≥6×1012G for the neutron star in GRO J1008-57, which is consistent with the magnetic field strength obtained by cyclotron line centroid energy.

Three new bands in 174Ta have been identified by using the 160Gd(19F,5n) reaction at beam energies of 87 MeV and 96 MeV. Nilsson configurations are assigned to these bands. In the 9/2−[514]p+5/2−[512]nband, the AB neutron crossing occurs at a rotational frequency of 0.30 MeV. This is indicative of the disappearance of the evidence for a reduction in neutron pair correlations.

The effect of austenitizing temperature on the microstructure formation in micro-alloyed X65 pipeline steel was investigated using an optical microscope (OM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and microhardness measurement. The results show that the austenite grains coarsening temperature of X65 steel reaches 1100degC. When austenitization is carried out below 1000degC, a large number of fine microalloying carbides precipitate during quenching within some a ferrite laths, with a uniform orientation. With austenitizing temperature increasing, the amount of precipitated carbides increases. Such fine carbide precipitates play significant strengthening for the steel. When the austenitizing temperature exceeds 1000degC, no carbide precipitation occurs in a ferrite laths, because microalloying solute atoms have too low mobility to precipitate under such conditions. This results in that X65 steel exhibits the maximum microhardness when quenched from 1000degC.

Because of the dangerous working environment, the underwater operation robot for nuclear power station needs manual teleoperation. In the process of operation, it is necessary to guide the position and orientation of the robot in real time. In this paper, the geometric modeling of the virtual robot and the working environment is accomplished by using SolidWorks software, and the accurate modeling and assembly of the robot are realized. Using LabVIEW software to read the model, and established the manipulator forward kinematics and inverse kinematics model, and realized the hierarchical modeling of virtual robot and computer graphics modeling. Experimental results show that the method studied in this paper can be successfully applied to robot control system.

A novel hydroxyl-terminated liquid fluoroelastomer (HTLF) was synthesized; FT-IR, GPC and 1H-NMR result show that HTLF was synthesized successfully. Then HTLF was cured with HDI trimer, the structure of cured product was characterized by FT-IR. Compared with traditional solid fluorine elastomer, Cured HTLF has higher char yield and faster thermal decomposition rate. It ascribed to the introduction of ring structure the cross-link structure formed in the curing process. The study of chemical resistant properties and tensile strength of cured fluoroelastomer film suggested that Cured HTLF was provided with similar mmechanical properties, chemical resistant property than solid fluorine elastomer.

The diffusion barrier performance of an ultrathin amorphous Al–Ni (a‐Al–Ni) film as barrier layer in a sandwiched scheme Cu/barrier/Si and Cu/barrier/SiO2/Si is investigated. Microstructures, electrical properties, surface morphologies, and interfaces for the samples annealed at various temperatures are measured using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), sheet resistance measurements, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results present 4.5‐nm‐thick a‐Al–Ni can achieve good thermal stability up to 750 °C. Cu silicide cannot be observed in XRD data up to 800 °C. However, the abrupt increase in sheet resistance value and the appearing island‐like grains in AFM images for the sample annealed at 800 °C indicate the failure of the barrier structure. The failure mechanism of barrier layer is discussed and can be attributed to the dewetting of Cu film along grain boundary grooving. The amorphization of the barrier layer and clear interfaces with its adjacent layers are further authenticated by high resolution TEM. It is also found that the growth orientation and surface morphology of Cu film are related to the substrates (monocrystalline Si and amorphous SiO2) under the barrier layer.

A 2-D model considering momentum conservation, mass transport and electrochemical reactions, has been established for tubular solid oxide fuel cells with ammonia as the fuel. The gas-diffusion in two directions has been investigated. One direction is the axial direction (along the tube), while the other is the radial direction (perpendicular to the tube). With respect to the reactions, we take consideration of both ammonia decomposition within the anode and electrochemical reactions at triple phase boundaries. Results of our model showed the concentration profile of gas species both axial and radial directions. The electrochemical reactions were then incorporated with mass transport to provide an insight view to evaluate the electrochemical performance of ammonia-fed SOFCs as functions of the operating temperature and anode microstructure.