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Six new phenylpropanoid glycosides (1–6), two new phenylethanol glycosides (7and 8), one new phenylmethanol glycoside (9), three new phenylpropanoid dimers (10–12), two new phenylpropanoid–flavan-3-ol heterodimers (13and 14), and six known relevant compounds (15–20) were isolated and identified from the well-liked edible and medicinal substance (the bark of Cinnamomum cassia(L.) J.Presl). The structures of these isolates were determined by using spectroscopic analyses, chemical methods, and quantum chemical calculations. Notably, compounds 4–9were rare apiuronyl-containing glycosides, and compounds 13and 14were heterodimers of phenylpropanoids and flavan-3-ols linked through C-9″–C-8 bonds. The antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of all isolates were evaluated. Compounds 10and 12exhibited DPPH radical scavenging capacities with IC50values of 20.1 and 13.0 μM, respectively (vitamin C IC50value of 14.3 μM). In the ORAC experiment, all these compounds exhibited different levels of capacity for scavenging free radicals, and compound 10displayed extraordinary free radical scavenging capacity with the ORAC value of 6.42 ± 0.01 μM TE/μM (EGCG ORAC value of 1.54 ± 0.02 μM TE/μM). Compound 12also showed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50of 56.3 μM (acarbose IC50of 519.4 μM).

Twelve new hybrid compounds of Esculetin with nitric oxide (NO) donors and/or mitochondrial targeting groups were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their anti-tumor activity and mechanism in vitroand in vivo. Notably, the most potent compound A11exhibited nanomolar antiproliferative activity on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) MDA-MB-231 cells (IC50= 8 nM) with a strikingly selective inhibitory effect. The mechanism of A11involves targeting MDA-MB-231 cells’ mitochondria, releasing a high NO concentration, and increasing the expression of cyclophilin D (CypD), leading to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and triggering cancer cell apoptosis. Additionally, A11could arrest the cell cycle at the G2/M phase to achieve anti-tumor effects. Moreover, A11demonstrated a superior TNBC inhibition rate and diminished toxicity relative to doxorubicin (DOX) in vivo. In summary, A11serves as a noteworthy contender for TNBC treatment with high potency and minimal toxicity.

As one of the important aviation equipment components, rolling bearings will bring hidden dangers to the safety of aviation equipment once they fail. In aviation equipment, the sensor is far away from the bearing, and the collected signal of the rolling bearing is relatively weak. In this paper, the deconvolution algorithm is used to compensate the transfer function, and the optimal resonance demodulation algorithm based on the improved multi-resolution singular value decomposition (MRSVD) is constructed to determine the resonance frequency band, and then the bearing fault state is determined by the normalized squared envelope spectrum. The analysis results of the rolling bearing seed fault experiment show that this algorithm can adaptively extract the periodic fault pulse components under strong noise; compared with the normal spectral analysis and fast spectral kurtosis methods, this algorithm can completely extract the bearing fault characteristic frequency components, and effectively improve the bearing fault diagnosis accuracy.

The reasonable control of the structure of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) is a promising strategy for improving their peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation activity. In this study, ZIF-67 @ZIF-8 was used as a template to prepare bimetallic core–shell Co-Fe@NC via Fe doping and high-temperature carbonization. Co-Fe@NC maintained the core–shell structure of the original MOF, in which cobalt was uniformly distributed in the nitrogen-doped graphite carbon skeleton and the surface of the graphite carbon skeleton was covered with iron. With the synergistic effect of the nitrogen-doped graphite carbon skeleton, iron, and cobalt, 100% of tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS) was removed in 60 min with kobs= 0.062 min−1in Co-Fe@NC-0.2/PMS system. The addition of iron increased the graphitization degree with ID/IGvalue increased from 0.98 (Co@NC) to 1.034 (Co-Fe@NC-0.2) and electron transfer rate of the carbon skeleton. Besides, the Co leaching was effectively attenuated from 1.86 mg/L(Co@NC) to 0.78 mg/L (Co-Fe@NC-0.2) by the core-shell structure and bimetal strategy. Both O2·-and 1O2contributed to the degradation of TBBPS according to quenching experiments. TBBPS was deeply degraded into small-molecule compounds through three degradation pathways by the Co-Fe@NC-0.2/PMS system. This study provides a new strategy for designing highly efficient bimetal–carbon composites for environmental remediation.

Purpose: There are two opposite views about whether the Antitrust Law is conducive to the development of the economy. One view is that the Antitrust Law can restrain monopoly, maintain market competition and benefit economic growth. The other view is that the Antitrust Law inhibits innovation by monopolistic firms and fosters rent-seeking, which is bad for economic growth. To provide a possible perspective for clarifying the controversy, this paper aims to answer the following two questions: first, will the Antitrust Law inhibit corporate innovation? Second, does the antitrust enforcement agency discriminate against private enterprises? Design/methodology/approach: Based on the samples of A-share listed companies from 2003 to 2013, the authors use the implementation of China’s Antitrust Law in 2008 as a policy shock, take the monopoly enterprises in each industry as the treatment group and competitive enterprises as the control group, using the difference-in-differences method to test the impact of the implementation of the Antitrust Law on corporate innovation activities. Findings: The results show that compared with competitive enterprises, the patent output of monopolistic enterprises was significantly reduced after the implementation of the Antitrust Law, which indicates that the Antitrust Law does inhibit the innovation activities of monopolistic enterprises. Further research finds that the innovation suppression effect of the Antitrust Law is more prominent in state-owned enterprises, which means that the government does not have “selective law enforcement” against private enterprises in the process of law enforcement. Therefore, the results provide evidence for the idea that government intervention is neutral. Originality/value: First, the paper enriches and expands the research on the factors affecting corporate innovation from the perspective of market structure. Second, it enriches and expands relevant research on the consequences of implementing the Antitrust Law from the perspective of corporate innovation. Third, it not only provides the relevant empirical evidence for clarifying the dispute about the Antitrust Law but also is helpful to clarify whether the Chinese Government has “selective law enforcement” against private enterprises.

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Using event-related potential measures, the present study investigated the affective responses to aesthetic experience. To differentiate the objective aesthetic value from subjective aesthetic evaluation, an amended oddball task was used in which pendant pictures were presented as frequent nontarget stimuli, whereas the landscape pictures were presented as a rare target. The pendant pictures were chosen from the largest online store in China and divided into beautiful and less beautiful conditions by the sales ranking. A positive component, P2, was recorded for each condition on the participants’ frontal, central and parietal scalp areas. Less beautiful pendants elicited greater amplitudes of P2 than the beautiful ones. This indicates that emotion arousal seems to occur at the early stage of processing of aesthetics and can be detected by the P2 component, implying that the event-related potential methodology may be a more sensitive measure of the beauty-related attention bias. From the perspective of artwork design and marketing, our finding also shows that P2 can potentially be used as a reference measure in consumer aesthetic experience.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infects a number of organs and cell types, leading to the hypothesis that HCMV disease and tissue tropism may be related to specific sequence variability. This study examined the genomic variability of a new polymorphic locus in HCMV, UL139 open reading frame (ORF). Detailed analysis showed that a large number of nucleotide insertions and non‐synonymous substitutions occurred in the UL139 ORF, particularly in the 5′ half, using the Toledo strain as the reference sequence. The UL139 variants were not distributed randomly, but were clustered clearly into three major groups: G1 (G1a, G1b, and G1c), G2 (G2a, G2b), and G3. In this study, it was found that the predicted UL139 product shared sequence homology with human CD24, a signal transducer modulating B‐cell activation responses, and the sequences in G1c contained a specific attachment site of prokaryotic membrane lipoprotein lipid. The precise definition of UL139 genotypes and its putative function would be helpful in understanding better HCMV. J. Med. Virol.78:517–522, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

We present a new hierarchical location update and routing scheme for a wide area mobile computing environment with scalability of network hierarchy. Our scheme provides nearly optimal routing for most communication bypassing the mobile host's home network and home agent. We use simulation to compare our scheme with other schemes in both non‐hierarchical and hierarchical network architectures. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

We present a new hierarchical location update and routing scheme for a wide area mobile computing environment with scalability of network hierarchy. Our scheme provides nearly optimal routing for most communication bypassing the mobile host's home network and home agent. We use simulation to compare our scheme with other schemes in both non-hierarchical and hierarchical network architectures. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Interferon regulatory factor 7 is an innate immune target for non–antibiotic-based immunotherapy for bacterial infection.