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This essay considers the state of the contemporary Circumpolar World and provides a general overview of the way the various circumpolar jurisdictions are addressing the challenges and opportunities of the twenty-first century. It considers how northern areas are attracting the resources necessary to lessen the socio-economic divide between northern and southern/urban areas. An overview of infrastructure, basic services, economic development, regional leadership, security, Indigenous governance, and plans for the future of the countries and regions that make up the Circumpolar North reveals significant strengths and challenges.This examination focuses, in particular, on where Canada sits in comparison to its northern neighbours, a perspective that does not always put Canada in the best light. In many respects, Canada's efforts in the North lag--sometimes considerably--behind circumpolar norms (aside from Russia). National and sub-national governments in Canada have not always attracted the funding, commitment, and vision needed to capitalize on the political, technological, and economic resources needed to better serve the peoples of the North; in recent years, some Arctic regions have done much better than others., Introduction The Circumpolar North is the focus of much attention at present, driven by Russian military adventurism, China's growing Arctic interests, the regions vulnerability to climate change, and global interest [...]

Never before has the Arctic attracted such attention. (1) In the distant past, the Arctic was a zone of mystery and intrigue, alternately described as a dangerous and forbidding wasteland, [...]

Abstract: The Provincial Norths in Canada are among the most marginalized, externally controlled, and impoverished regions in the country, a reality largely obscured by the country's long-time preoccupation with conditions [...]

Abstract:The idea of Green Growth–achieving economic growth without sacrificing environmental sustainability–appeals to many national governments. Governments envisage promoting energy saving and pollution-reducing environmental technologies and new forms of energy and seeing these products and services form their nation’s economic base. The Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development has studied the possibilities of Green Growth extensively and provides policy guidelines and program suggestions for governments considering this approach. Japan is one of a small number of countries that has made a deliberate, although not yet comprehensive, effort to connect sustainability and business development. This article assesses the impact of Japan’s Green Growth strategies, using the OECD recommendations as tool for evaluating their effectiveness. Japan has made significant inroads on the regulatory and signaling aspects of Green Growth and has been actively promoting environmentally-friendly business development for domestic and international markets. It is too early to determine if Green Growth will allow Japan to meet its economic and environmental targets, but the effort demonstrates the potential contributions to national economic planning of such an approach.