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AbstractThe Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) has a tremendous opportunity to facilitate greater public understanding of lakes and enable evidence-based decision making for freshwater ecosystems with high frequency data. To investigate this potential as well as the scope of outreach activities currently underway, we surveyed the 46 GLEON sites active as of 2013 about the uses of the high-frequency lake data (HFD). Of the 26 who responded, 69% engaged in or were aware of the use of GLEON HFD beyond academics. To highlight some of the outreach activities conducted in collaboration with GLEON scientists, we elaborate on 3 categories of data use: (1) engaging with citizens, (2) educating students and teachers, and (3) aiding in decision making. When synthesized with a discussion of examples of broader engagement activities across the network from the perspective of participants, the results suggest GLEON’s network science approach enables the diffusion of ideas and tools for conducting effective outreach. Results also point to opportunities for GLEON to build on existing experience to encourage greater engagement of member scientists in lake conservation, restoration, and management. In light of the growing challenges in managing water quality and quantity, our findings will help determine best practices and provide guidance to scientists on how to engage a broader range of stakeholders in lake research and management.

AbstractThe Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) is a grass-roots network of people, data, and observatories. The network represents a unique effort to bring together a diverse community of scientists, engineers, information technology experts, and engaged stakeholders to understand, conserve, and predict the state of lakes and reservoirs globally. Individuals and teams in GLEON have generated a range of scientific, educational, and outreach products, from software tools to scientific publications to education modules and programs. This special issue of Inland Waters brings together a series of papers generated from the network. Here, we discuss the foundations of GLEON that have facilitated these publications and others like them in terms of network structure, research areas, and the threads that tie the network together. GLEON is underpinned by sophisticated analytical tools and a network of high-frequency in situ observatories that exploit advanced sensors and associated technologies. This approach expands the space and time domains available to inquiry and analysis of lake processes. Using team science, the network has also established a culture of collaboration, sharing, and trust. This flexible framework allows GLEON members to advance research on a range of topics and has led to an increasing number of collaborative cross-site products. Future success will depend on the network’s ability to continue to facilitate the successes of its members while also being responsive to evolving member needs, technologies, and societal priorities.

AbstractEcosystem metabolism and the contribution of carbon dioxide from lakes to the atmosphere can be estimated from free-water gas measurements through the use of mass balance models, which rely on a gas transfer coefficient (k) to model gas exchange with the atmosphere. Theoretical and empirically based models of krange in complexity from wind-driven power functions to complex surface renewal models; however, model choice is rarely considered in most studies of lake metabolism. This study used high-frequency data from 15 lakes provided by the Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) to study how model choice of kinfluenced estimates of lake metabolism and gas exchange with the atmosphere. We tested 6 models of kon lakes chosen to span broad gradients in surface area and trophic states; a metabolism model was then fit to all 6 outputs of kdata. We found that hourly values for kwere substantially different between models and, at an annual scale, resulted in significantly different estimates of lake metabolism and gas exchange with the atmosphere.